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International Course - ICCROM - Rome, 16 October - 10 November 2006

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Week 1

Communication & Cultural Heritage ............................................................................... 1 Decision Making .................................................................................................................. 5 Theory & History of Conservation .................................................................................... 12

Communication & Cultural Heritage Recommended Readings 1.

Winning Group Results: Techniques for guiding group thought and decision making processes with the Moderation Method, contains 22 case studies / Klebert, Karin; Schrader, Einhard; Straub, Walter G. Windmuhle GmbH Verlag und Vertrieb von Medien, 1992 Hamburg Abstract Techniques for guiding group thought and decision-making process with the Moderation Method. Contains 22 case studies which are especially applicable to business meetings. It begins with a brief historical background of the moderation method. All examples of moderation techniques are structured according to stage, moderation step, chart and time. It is fully illustrated with examples of visualization.

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Succesfully facilitating Multicultural Groups / Hogan, Christine, in IAF handbook group facilitation, Ed. Schuman, S.P., Jossey-Bass 2005, San Francisco Abstract Presents a diversity checklist for workshop design, facilitative processes, cultural models and dimensions and a variety of group exercises.

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Primer for the Metaplan technique http://docs.kampagnenforum.ch/Methoden/Gruppen/Moderation%20u%20Mediation/Metaplan_How_To_Moderate. pdf Abstract How to moderate group discussions using the metaplan technique. The Metaplan technique is a tool to make group discussions more effective. Here, “effective” has a double meaning: on the one hand it implies saving time. In discussions moderated with the Metaplan technique results are achived faster than by traditional methods. On the other hand it also implies that the participants are more deeply involved in the group process, in considering all options, and in working towards jointly supported results.

Selected Bibliography 4.

A guide to Dissemination / May 1998, Department for Education and Employment’s Higher Education UK http://www.dfes.gov.uk/dfee/heqe/dissemguide.htm Abstract A guide to dissemination for those involved in Development Projects funded by the Department for Education and Employment’s Higher Education: Quality and Employability Division (HEQE). It explains the Division’s approach to disseminating the experience and outcomes of projects, in the light of its experience of project work over recent years. The paper explains: why HEQE funds development projects; why projects need a dissemination strategy; Thanks to the contribution of

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who are possible audiences for dissemination; how partnerships can help in dissemination; how you will know whether the audience is receiving your messages and whether they are learning from them. The dissemination strategy should not, however, be set in stone. Some things cannot be clear at the beginning of the project, and unexpected events will often call for a change of plan. The strategy therefore needs to be flexible, and revised where necessary. It suggests some: guiding principles of dissemination; tools for dissemination; ways of making your dissemination relevant to your audiences. The annexes outline current DfEE policy priorities and some key references. 5.

Education in the Conservation of Immovable Heritage: An Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa/ Conservation: the Getty Conservation Institute newsletter, Vol. 18, N. 3, 2003, p. 17-20, ills., Shelf no. Per. Etats-Unis 72 http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications/newsletters/ Abstract Until recently, African approaches to conservation education were based on Western concepts in which the materials, style, and monumental character of heritage formed the basis for conservation. But African heritage concepts embrace spiritual, social, and religious meanings, myths, and relationships with ancestors and the environment. Some in Africa are now developing conservation approaches related to intangible heritage and cultural landscapes, and they are incorporating these approaches into training initiatives aimed at increasing national capacities for management and conservation of immovable cultural heritage.

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Heritage Partnership / Conservation: the Getty Conservation Institute newsletter, Vol. 19, N. 3, 2004, p. 5-10. Shelf no. Per. Etats-Unis 72 Abstract Partnerships, which bring together resources from diverse players, can significantly multiply the means available for a task and the benefits that accrue from it. Partnerships involve a shared commitment and a leveraging of capacities beyond what would be possible if each partner were working alone. While the public and private sectors have been reticent to pool their resources, much has been accomplished through unprecedented partnerships. Given the resources that these collaborations have unlocked, one can conclude that in today's complex society, cultural heritage partnerships are hardly a hazard—they may even be a necessity. http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications/newsletters/

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The conservation and preservation of cultural property and the development of teaching and communication skills / Ferguson, Robert, In: Conservazione dei materiali librari, archivistici e grafici: volume 2 / Regni, Marina (ed.); Tordella, Piera Giovanna (ed.); Torino: Umberto Allemandi, 1999, p. 59-64 (Documenti, 3) Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Cultural property; Movable; Immovable; Conservation; Training; Theory - Bien culturel; Mobilier; Immobilier; Conservation; Formation; Théorie Shelf no. XIV H 240/2

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Educating conservators for lifelong commitment / Graves, Eve , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 69-74, ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservator; Training; Value; Museum; Conservation; Cultural identity - Conservateur; Formation; Valeur; Musée; Conservation; Identité culturelle Shelf no. XXI 559/1

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Understanding Facilitation: Theory and Principles / Hogan, Christine, London: Kogan Page Limited 2002 ISBN 0-74943826-6 Abtract/Resume The book provides a readable introduction for newcomers to the topic of facilitation as well as a critical analysis of established and current theory for existing practitioners. It is useful to managers, staff developers, innovators and social and community workers. Topics covered include the origins and emergence of facilitation; definitions and metaphors used to describe facilitation; models of facilitation; co-facilitation; basic theories and concepts of group work; crosscultural and international issues; uses of various techniques; professional and ethical questions faced by facilitators.

10. Building Shared Perspectives in Heritage Management / Katri Lisitzin, / City & Time > Vol. 1, No. 3 (2005) Abstract This paper explores the potential of new approaches which create and support commitment among different stakeholders, through building shared perspectives on heritage development. The hypothesis is that for a successful heritage management procedural issues are as important as that of which exact measures that should be implemented. The complexity of urban and territorial transformation processes, where heritage management addresses a multiplicity of actors, interests and issues, calls for a more integrated and goal-oriented approach. In Sweden heritage is considered an environmental factor and included in general resource-management policies. The case studies presented in this paper deal with how cultural values are understood and managed in processes where the focus is not primarily on heritage. They show that the identification and acceptance of significant values is a

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learning process where competing values have to be made visible and constructively dealt with. There are lessons to be learnt from the natural and communicative policy approaches www.ct.ceci-br.org/novo/revista/archive.php 11. Minding the gaps: recognizing and responding to learning failure in professional education and development / Lister, Alison , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 75-80, ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Evaluation; Error; Training; Conservator - Evaluation; Erreur; Formation; Conservateur Shelf no. XXI 559/1 12. Bridging Differences: A Model for Effective Communication between Different Disciplines through Training Programmes for Professionals / Lynne D. DiStefano, Sharif Shams Imon, Ho-yin Lee, Joseph J. DiStefano / City & Time > Vol. 1, No. 2 (2005) Abstract Training programmes have long recognised the importance of communication. However, not all programmes have fully understood that effective communication depends on understanding and communicating across a variety of differences, including professional differences, in order to achieve quality decision-making, if not “break-through ideas”. The MBI model (Mapping, Bridging, Integrating), a three-component process, simply and clearly shows that understanding and a willingness to communicate from a neutral position can “bridge differences” and lead to positive decision-making. Bridging differences is at the core of a postgraduate conservation training programme—the Architectural Conservation Programme (ACP) at The University of Hong Kong—and the programme, through its pedagogy, has been able to help its students better understand the differences between people (disciplines) involved in the field of conservation. Through a questionnaire and follow-up interviews, the success of the programme in bridging differences is evaluated. Recommendations for making the programme even more effective are discussed, and the potential of using the model for other kinds of training programmes in the field of conservation is noted. www.ct.ceci-br.org/novo/revista/archive.php 13. Diffusion on new knowledge in conservation / McCrady, Ellen R. , In: International conference on conservation and restoration of archive and library materials, Erice (Italy), CCSEM, 22-29 April 1996: vol. I and II / Federici, Carlo (ed.); Muunafò, Paola F (ed.); Costantini, Daniela (ed.); Istituto centrale per la patologia del libro. Roma, Italy. Roma: Palumbo Editore, 1999, p. 599-604, International conference on conservation and restoration of archive and library materials, Erice, Italy, 19960422-19960429. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Research; Research in conservation; International cooperation - Conservation; Recherche; Recherche en conservation; Coopération internationale Abstract/Résumé: In view of the increasing importance of science in conservation, there is a need for more cooperation and better comunication between scientists and conservators. Collaboration with conservators during planning and execution of research should make it easier for scientists to disseminate results to them when the work is done, because the research will be more relevant to their needs. Other matters discussed are some of the frustrations felt by conservators and scientists, the need for a "conservators' edition" of the research report, practitioners' preferred sources of information, the difference in the ways scientists and practitioners think, and suggestions for future action. Shelf no. XIV H 241/2 14. S'ouvrir au public: une approche nouvelle de l'éducation à la conservation / Nardi, Roberto , In: Museum international, N. 201, 1999, p. 44-50, ill., ISSN 0304-3002 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Archaeology; Building; Worksite; Conservation; Restoration; Awareness; Communication - Archéologie; Bâtiment; Chantier; Conservation; Restauration; Sensibilisation; Communication Abstract/Résumé: Bringing conservation projects out into the open under the eye of public scrutiny is a recent phenomenon that has been taken up by a growing number of museums and heritage sites. The programme described here is one of the most ambitious to date and makes clear why such an approached goes well beyond the simple explanation of techical interventions to have a resounding impact on public perception and appreciation of the broader heritage questions. Shelf no. Per. UNESCO 1 15. The art of conservation: an exhibition / Verberne-Khurshid, F.; Knolle, P.; Smit, I. , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 3-12, ills., Art of conservation: conservation and restoration of works of art, Rijksmuseum Twenthe, Enschede, Netherlands, 2003100020040100. ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Exhibition; Museum; Awareness; Restoration; Conservation; Funding; Display - Exposition; Musée;

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Sensibilisation; Restauration; Conservation; Financement; Présentation Shelf no. XXI 559/1

16. Communicating the conservation story / Xavier-Rowe, Amber , In: Conservation news, N. 82, 2003, p. 19-21, ills. ISSN 0309-2224 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Museum; Collection; Deterioration; Awareness; Conservation; Education; Communication - Musée; Collection; Altération; Sensibilisation; Conservation; Education; Communication Geographic/Géographie: United Kingdom - Royaume-Uni Shelf no. Per. IIC 9

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Decision Making Selected Bibliography 1.

Site Management / Conservation: the Getty Conservation Institute newsletter, Vol. 16, N. 3, 2001, p. 17-20 Shelf no. Per. Etats-Unis 72 Discussion about Site Management Planning. To provide some insight into current challenges in site management planning, we asked Christina Cameron, director general of National Historic Sites at Parks Canada, and Carolina Castellanos, an archaeological conservator who has worked closely with Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, as well as others, to share their perspectives with us. http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications/newsletters/

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The decision making model for the conservation and restoration of modern and contemporary art / Foundation for the conservation of modern art. Amsterdam, Netherlands , In: Modern art: who cares? An interdisciplinary research project and an international symposium on the conservation of modern and contemporary art / Hummelen, Usbrand (ed.); Sillé, Dionne (ed.); Foundation for the conservation of modern artNetherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage. Amsterdam, Netherlands. Amsterdam: Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage, 1999, p. 164-172, fig. ISBN 90-7290545-8 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Contemporary art; Conservation; Restoration; Methodology - Art contemporain; Conservation; Restauration; Méthodologie Shelf no. XXI 428

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Preservation of electronic records: new knowledge and decision-making: postprints of a conference Symposium 2003, Ottawa, Canada, September 15 to 18, 2003 = La préservation des documents électroniques: information récente et prise de décisions: actes du congrès, symposium 2003, Ottawa, Canada, du 15 au 18 septembre 2003 / Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI) = Institut canadien de conservation (ICC). Ottawa, Canada , Ottawa: Minister of public works and government services, 2004 ; VI, 221 p. : ills., tables ; 28 cm. , Preservation of electronic records: new knowledge and decision-making = La préservation des documents électroniques: information récente et prise de décisions, Ottawa, Canada, 20030915-20030918. ISBN 0- 662-68620-9 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Digital information; Preservation; Library; Library material; Archive; Archive material; Model; Authenticity; Recommendation; Museum; Website; Sound recording; Standard; Disaster; Recovery; Risk; Compact disc; Videotape; Survey; Management; Lacquer; Ink; Protection; Air pollution - Information numérique; Préservation; Bibliothèque; Matériau de bibliothèque; Archive; Matériau d'archive; Modèle; Authenticité; Recommandation; Musée; Site-web; Enregistrement du son; Norme; Catastrophe; Récupération; Danger; Risque; Disque compact; Bande vidéo; Mesure; Relevé; Gestion; Laque; Encre; Protection; Pollution atmosphérique Shelf no. XXIX E 46

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The Anatomy of Judgement. An Investigation into the Processes of Perceptioning and Reasoning / Abercrombie, M.L.J., Penguin Books 1969 Subject/Sujet: Seeing pictures; Learning to see; Human relations in getting information; Seeing and thinking; Using words; Classifying; Evaluating evidence; The effects of the discussion course; On suffering change Abstract/Résumé: The Anatomy of Judgement resulted from ten years of research on the selection and training of medical students in the Anatomy Department at university College London.

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Risk map: a project to aid decision-making in the protection, preservation and conservation of Italian cultural heritage / Accardo, Giorgio; Altieri, Antonella; Cacace, Carlo; Giani, Elisabetta; Giovagnoli, Annamaria , In: Conservation science 2002: papers from the conference held in Edinburgh, Scotland 22-24 May 2002 / Townsend, Joyce H. (ed.); Eremin, Katherine (ed.); Adriaens, Annemie (ed.); London: Archetype Publications, 2003, p. 44-49, figs., tables Conservation science 2002, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 20020522-20020524. ISBN 1-873132-88-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Cultural property; Movable; Immovable; Protection; Risk; Documentation; Risk map - Bien culturel; Mobilier; Immobilier; Protection; Risque; Documentation; Coûte de risque Geographic/Géographie: Italy - Italie Abstract/Résumé: The Risk Map of Cultural Heritage is a current research project of Istituto Centrale del Restauro (ICR) which was undertaken in order to plan in a more rational and economical way the maintenance, conservation and restoration of architectonical and archaeological monuments of Italian cultural heritage. Te first step of the project was to produce a Geographic Information System (GIS) which works as a data processing centre and is located in the Physics Laboratory of ICR. The GIS collects, processes and manages both cartographic and alphanumerical data, generated from the peripheral units based in many Italian towns - Soprintendenze - which are territorial departments

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of the Ministry of Culture. The connection between environmental danger in the territory and the risk situation for the monument can be highlighted more specifically through a mapping process, i.e. the overlapping of computerised maps with information content (air pollution, climate, earthquake, etc.) and the distribution of cultural assets. The second step was to ensure that the data mentioned above were homogeneous through the definition of standardised schedules at different levels of detail. The schedules concern information both on the environment and the conservation state of the monuments. Shelf no. XXIV A 58 6.

Risk assessment for object conservation / Ashley-Smith, Jonathan, Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1999 ; XIV, 358 p. : ill., fig. ; 23 cm. ISBN 07506 2853 7 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Museum; Collection; Conservation; Maintenance; Preventive conservation - Musée; Collection; Conservation; Entretien; Conservation préventive Abstract/Résumé: This book explains the mechanisms of deterioration of museum artifacts, quantifying the probability that damages will occur and estimating the rate of progress when it does. The principles outlined and the information provided form a foundation for cost-benefit analysis of conservation proposals. It also gives comprehensive explanations of scientific or mathematical material to take into consideration the readers who have no background in these areas, alongside a basic introduction. The structure of the book provides a logical progression through tools concepts information and examples. Shelf no. III E 136

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Practical uses of risk analysis / Ashley-Smith, Jonathan , In: The paper conservator, Vol. 25, 2001, p. 59-63 ISSN 03094227 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Hazard; Analysis; Theory - Conservation; Restauration; Risque; Analyse; Théorie Abstract/Résumé: What distinguishes professional conservators from others who have a practical involvement with historic objects is the reflective nature of their decision-making. Decisions about practical treatments involve elements of risk: probabilities of unwanted outcomes that reduce the value of the treated object. The continuing development of conservators should be aimed at reducing the uncertainty of decision outcomes by increasing knowledge, and decreasing the uncertainty of action outcomes by increasing practical skill. Shelf no. Per. Grande-Bretagne 35

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Group report: paradigms for rational decision-making in the preservation of cultural property /G.J. Ashworth, Rapporteur , In: Rational Decision-making in the Preservation of Cultural Property / edited by Baer N.S. and F. Snickars 2001 ISBN 3-934504-07-8 Subject/Sujet: Conservator; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Hazard; Management - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Risque; Gestion Abstract/ Résumé: Decision-making is a central task in the preservation of cultural property. This chapter explores potential paradigms from which a system of rational decision-making can be construted. The usefulness of the economic paradigm and economic rationality for this task is considered, especially cost-benefit analysis and utility. This is then compared with other possible approaches, such as decision-making models in bounded rationality, simple marketing paradigms, and risk management strategies. Some practical organizational aspects using decision trees and economic rationalism are introduced. Conclusions are drawn on the implications of a global approach and upon the usefulness of the economic approach.

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A decision-making protocol for the use of historic musical instruments / Barclay, R.L. , In: Journal of the Canadian Association for Conservation = Journal de l' Association canadienne pour la conservation et la restauration, Vol. 29, 2004, p. 3-7, figs., tables, ISSN 1206-4661 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Musical instrument; Conservation; Object; State of conservation; Risk; Evaluation; Decision-making; Theory; Ethics; Value - Instrument de musique; Conservation; Objet; Etat de conservation; Danger; Risque; Evaluation; Prise de décision; Théorie; Ethique; Valeur Abstract/Résumé: The issue of the categorization of working museum objects is raised, and a prototype decisionmaking protocol for historic musical instruments is described. A rating system is demonstrated that assigns numerical values to instruments according to the criteria of rarity, risk and state. Examples are provided that could be used to interpret the final numerical scores. Some advantages and drawbacks of the prototype are discussed. It is emphasized that this is a prototype only, and that refinement to suit individual applications would be essential. Shelf no. Per. IIC 7

10. Decision from indecision: conservation of thangka. Significance, perspectives and approaches / Boon Nee Loh, Jacintha , In: Journal of conservation & museum studies, N. 8, 2002, p. 1-19, tables ISSN 1364-0429 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Oriental painting; Thang-ka; Painting on textile; History; Technique; Material; Value; Deterioration; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Cleaning; Disinfection; Biodeterioration; Lacuna; Reintegration; Mounting;

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Storage; Preventive conservation - Peinture orientale; Thang-ka; Peinture sur textile; Histoire; Technique; Matériau; Valeur; Altération; Dégradation; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Nettoyage; Désinfection; Biodétérioration; Lacune; Réintégration; Montage; Dépôt; Conservation préventive Shelf no. Per. Grande-Bretagne 100 11. Conservation skills: judgement, method and decision making / Caple, Chris , London: Routledge, 2000 ; XIV, 232 p. : ill.; 25 cm. ISBN 0-415-18881-4 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Cultural property; Movable; Object; Conservation; Restoration; Technique; Methodology; Theory; Ethics Bien culturel; Mobilier; Objet; Conservation; Restauration; Technique; Méthodologie; Théorie; Ethique Abstract/Résumé: An overview of the issues facing conservators of historic and artistic works. This extensive work not only describes the nature of conservation but also provides an ethical framework to which the conservation of objects as diverse as ‘old masters’ to the ephemera of the twentieth century can be related. Drawing on case studies of wellknown objects such as the body of the Lindow Man, Michaelangelo’s Sistine Chapel frescoes and the Statue of Liberty, the author addresses the following issues: perception, judgment and learning; reasons for preserving the past; the nature and history of conservation; conservation ethics; recording, investigating, cleaning of objects; stabilization and restoration; preventive conservation; decision making and responsibilities. Shelf no. XXI 449 12. Between a rock and a hard decision: the role of archaeology in the conservation planning process / Clark, Kate , In: Preserving archaeological remains in situ? : proceedings of the 2nd conference, 12-14 September 2001 / Nixon, Taryn (ed); English Heritage. London, United Kingdom. Museum of London Archaeology Service, United Kingdom. London: Museum of London Archaeology Service, 2004, p. 202-208, figs., Preserving archaeological remains in situ?, 2, London, United Kingdom, 20010912-20010914. ISBN 1-901992-36-5 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Archaeology; In situ; Site; Excavation; Environment; Historic; Conservation; Value; Decision-making; Cultural property; Management; Planning; Development; Interdisciplinarity - Archéologie; In situ; Site; Fouille; Environnement; Historique; Conservation; Valeur; Prise de décision; Bien culturel; Gestion; Planification; Développement; Interdisciplinarité Geographic/Géographie: United Kingdom - Royaume-Uni Abstract/Résumé: As a challenge to the archaeological community, this article raises issues about the potential role of archaeology not only in preserving buried remains, but also in addressing broader concerns regarding the sustainability of the historic environment as a whole. Key concepts addressed in this discussion include the definition of conservation principles, the role of significance in conserving the historic environment, different values associated with the conservation of heritage (economic, aesthetic, social, cultural diversity), the integration of historic and natural environment conservation, the vulnerability of the historic environment to loss as a result of modern development, and the integral relationship between the environment and quality of life. The author argues that both conservation planning and impact assessment are a direct result of recognizing a site’s value, which in turn is informed by the archaeological understanding of that environment. The archaeologist’s ability to understand sites and identify their value can therefore contribute substantially to the conservation decision-making process at many different levels, if the archaeologist is open to new approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration. Shelf no. VII A 116 13. Decision making in conservation: determining the role of artefacts / Eastop, Dinah , In: International perspectives on textile conservation: papers from the ICOM-CC Textiles Working Group meetings, Amsterdam, 13-14 October 1994 and Budapest, 11-15 September 1995 / Timar-Balazsy, Agnes (ed.); Eastop, Dinah (ed.); ICOM-CC Textiles Working Group London: ARCHETYPE, 1998, p. 43-46, fig. Amsterdam, Netherlands, 19941013-19941014. Budapest, Hungary, 1995091119950915. ISBN 1-873132-21-2 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Textile; Furniture; Furnishing textile; Conservation; Restoration; Theory - Textile; Meuble; Tissue d'ameublement; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie Shelf no. XVIII E 104 14. Ambiguity in building investigation: a study of sampling and decision-making with field data / Friedman, Donald , In: APT bulletin, Vol. 31, N. 2-3, 2000, p. 39-49, ills., ISSN 0044-9466 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Inspection; Diagnosis; State of conservation; Damage - Bâtiment; Inspection; Diagnostic; Etat de conservation; Désordre Abstract/Résumé: Because professionals investigating existing buildings must often reach conclusions using incomplete data, decisions are made using ill-defined "judgment" and "experience". Shelf no. Per. Etats-Unis 21 15. Preserving which past for whose future? The dilemma of cultural resource management in case studies from Tunisia, Cyprus and Jordan / Greene, Joseph A. , In: Conservation and management of archaeological sites, Vol. 3, N. 1 & 2, 1999, p. 43-60, fig. Haifa, Israel, 19930530-19930604. ISSN 1350-5033 Descriptors / Mots-clés

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Subject/Sujet: Archaeology; Site; Conservation; Protection; Management; Development; Theory - Archéologie; Site; Conservation; Protection; Gestion; Développement; THéorie Geographic/Géographie: Tunisia; Cyprus; Jordan - Tunisie; Chypre; Jordanie Abstract/Résumé: Cultural resource management the world over confronts the perpetual dilemma of deciding which part of the past to preserve for whose future. This dilemma arises from the perpetural tension between the insistent drive to develop for the future and the presumptive need to preserve the past. In the face of constraints imposed by limitations of time, money and personnel, advocates of preservation face difficult choices of which sites to rescue and which to abandon to destruction. There are also other aspects of the dilemma: choosing the criteria on which preservation decisions are to be based; determining who in the end will apply these criteria; and deciding on whose behalf the chosen sites will be preserved and maintained. The dilemma resolves itself into three questions: "Which sites?" "What public? and "Who decides?" The answers are found, at least provisionally, in an examination of case studies, from Tunisia, Cyprus and Jordan that typify the dilemma and illustrate the various strategies and otherwise, developed to confront it. Shelf no. Per. Grande-Bretagne 89 16. Selecting research collections for digitization / Hazen, Dan; Horrell, Jeffrey; Merrill-Oldham, Jan / European Commission for Preservation and Access. Amsterdam, Netherlands , Amsterdam: European Commission on Preservation and Access, 1998 ; 18 p. ; 29,5 cm. ISBN 90-6984-242-4 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Library material; Digitisation - Matériau de bibliothèque; Numérisation Abstract/Résumé: The report proposes a model of the decision-making process required of research libraries when they embark on the digitization of (parts of) their collections. The authors offer a series of questions that will facilitate the decision-making process for managers in archives and libraries. The authors place the questions of what and how to digitize into the larger framework of collection building by focusing, first, on the nature of the collections and their use, and, second, on the realities of the institutional context in which these decisions are made. They view technology as a tool to serve specific collections-related goals and assess the available technology for its ability to aid or obstruct access and preservation. Shelf no. XXIX E 17 17. Building a new shared storage facility for 16 museums and archives / Knudsen, Lise Raeder; Rasmussen, Michael Hojlund , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 648-654, figs., ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Museum; Collection; Archive material; Storage; Conservation; Preventive conservation; Building; Environment; Control; Planning; Decision-making; Management; Funding - Musée; Collection; Matériau d'archive; Dépôt; Conservation; Conservation préventive; Bâtiment; Environnement; Contrôle; Planification; Prise de décision; Gestion; Financement Geographic/Géographie: Denmark - Danemark Shelf no. XXI 559/2 18. Conserving bibliographic evidence: the dialectics of decision-making / Lundberg, Norma; Estick, Vernon , In: Preprints of papers presented at the twelfth annual meeting of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. Los Angeles, California 15-20 May 1984 / Washington: American Institute for Conservation, 1984, p. 70-78 Los Angeles, 19840515-19840520. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Archive; document; conservation; book; history; bibliography - Archive; document; conservation; livre; histoire; bibliographie Abstract/Résumé: The first folio edition of Samuel Johnson's dictionary of the English language provides an opportunity for insight into publishing and printing practices of 18th c. London and also an appreciation of historical evidence in doing bibliographical research and the role of the conservator in facilitating such research. -- ICCROM Shelf no. XXI 166 19. Difficult decisions in the conservation of "The book of curiosities", a 13th century Islamic manuscript / McKay, Alison; Pugh, Sabina , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 215-222, ills., ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Paper; Authenticity; Decision-making; Map; Conservation; Pigment; Identification; Raman spectroscopy; Repair - Papier; Authenticité; Prise de décision; Carte géographique; Conservation; Pigment; Identification; Spectroscopie raman; Raccommodage; Réparation Geographic/Géographie: United Kingdom - Royaume-Uni Shelf no. XXI 559/1 20. Sharing responsibility for conservation decisions/ Michalski, S., In: Durability and change: the science, responsibility, and cost of sustaining cultural heritage. Report of the Dahlem workshop..., December 6-11, 1992 / Krumbein, Wolfgang

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E. (ed.); Brimblecombe, Peter (ed.); Cosgrove, Denis E. (ed.); Staniforth, Sarah (ed.) , Chichester: John Wiley, 1994 ; XVII, 307 p. : ill. ; 23,5 cm. (Environmental Sciences Research Report; v. 15)(Dahlem workshop reports) Berlin, Germany, 19921206-19921211. ISBN 0-471-95221-4 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Material; Stone; Metal; Marble; Deterioration; Environment; Air pollution; Biodeterioration; Durability; Paper; Book; Acid rain - Materiau; Pierre; Métal; Marbre; Altération; Environnement; Pollution atmosphérique; Biodétérioration; Durabilité; Livre; Papier; Pluie acide Abstract/ Résumé: The problems of evaluation which underlie shared conservation decisions rest on three ancient philosophical conundrums: things, perceptions, and words. The author introduces some modern fields of thought that are believed to be relevant, but largely unknown to the field; structuralism/poststructuralism, perception, and consciousness—a field that bridges the two. Ideas from these fields are sketched, followed by an exploration of their application to conservation transactions and old disputes Shelf no. XIX H 43 21. Zeugma archaeological project 2000: the conservation management programme / Nardi, Roberto; Schneier, Kristian , In: Preserving archaeological remains in situ? : proceedings of the 2nd conference, 12-14 September 2001 / Nixon, Taryn (ed); English Heritage. London, United Kingdom. Museum of London Archaeology Service, United Kingdom. London: Museum of London Archaeology Service, 2004, p. 157-167, figs., Preserving archaeological remains in situ?, 2, London, United Kingdom, 20010912-20010914. ISBN 1-901992-36-5 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Archaeology; In situ; Site; Mosaic; Mural painting; Plaster; Protection; Risk; Dam; Preservation; Conservation; Planning; Reburial; Decision-making; Documentation; Consolidation; Technique; Methodology Archéologie; In situ; Site; Mosaïque; Peinture murale; Enduit; Plâtre; Protection; Danger; Risque; Barrage; Préservation; Conservation; Planification; Recouvrement; Prise de décision; Documentation; Consolidation; Technique; Méthodologie Geographic/Géographie: Turkey - Turquie Abstract/Résumé: This article provides an overview of emergency excavation and conservation efforts undertaken at the archaeological site of Zeugma (Turkey) prior to its inundation by water in 2000 as a result of the construction of the Birecik hydroelectric dam. Funded by the Packard Humanities Institute (PHI), this international rescue effort included English and French excavation projects and the development and implementation of an in situ conservation program by the Centro di Conservazione Archeologica, Rome (CCA). The focus here is on the implementation of the conservation work in 2000, the guiding principles of which were minimal intervention and simplicity and efficiency of methods to overcome time constraints. The two-phase process involved first risk mitigation of excavated structures and finds, followed by their preparation for inundation. Detailed descriptions are given for the various phases of the conservation program: first aid on finds and conservation treatments; lifting of mosaics and structures unable to survive flooding; documentation of graffiti and inscriptions using latex moulds that were scanned for later study; in situ conservation, documentation and protection of wall paintings, wall plasters and floor mosaics with a layer of hydraulic-based lime; and backfilling of all of the trenches. The results of initial post-excavation monitoring is discussed as well as the continuing need for maintenance activities. Shelf no. VII A 116 22. Making the invisible visible: the potential of X-radiography as an investigative technique for textile conservation decision making / O'Connor, Sonia; Brooks, Mary M. , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 954-962, figs., ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Textile; Analysis; X ray; Non-destructive analysis; Decision-making; Evaluation; Deterioration; Costume; Doll; Test; Patchwork; State of conservation - Textile; Analyse; Rayon x; Analyse non-destructive; Prise de décision; Evaluation; Altération; Dégradation; Costume; Poupée; Essai; Patchwork; Etat de conservation Shelf no. XXI 559/2 23. The strategy of project decision-making: design in conservation policy / Szmelter, Iwona , In: Cultural heritage research: a Pan-European challenge. Proceedings of the 5th EC conference, May 16-18, 2002, Cracow, Poland / Kozlowski, Roman (ed); European Commission. Directorate-General for Research. Brussels, Belgium. Kraków: European Communities; ICSC, 2003, p. 200-203, fig., Cultural heritage research: a Pan-European challenge, 5th, Kraków, Poland, 20020516-20020518. ISBN 92-894-4412-6 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Cultural property; Decision-making; Plan; Model - Conservation; Restauration; Bien culturel; Prise de décision; Plan; Modèle Abstract/Résumé: Presents models for conservation design and decision-making in the sphere of cultural heritage protection. Such decisions should put the object first, taking into consideration historic and cultural context, scientific examination, diagnostics, deterioration, state of conservation, documentation and databases. All these elements form vectors in the model presented. The next step is generating a programmed conservation-restoration treatment plan (preventive conservation, active conservation and restoration). The importance of mutual interactions between stakeholders and of possible conflicts of opinion is emphasized, as is the responsibility held by the conservator-restorer

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BIBLIOGRAPHY for the well-being of the object. Shelf no. XXI 546

24. Preserving unstable painted surfaces on freshly excavated terracotta: dilemmas and decisions / Strahan, Donna K. , In: Archaeological conservation and its consequences: preprints of the contributions to the Copenhagen congress, 26-30 August 1996 / Roy, Ashok (ed.); IIC. London, United Kingdom. London: International Institute for Conservation, 1996, p. 172-176, fig. Copenhagen, Denmark, 19960826-19960830. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Archaeology; Excavation object; Ceramic; Polychrome; Conservation; Restoration; Paint layer; Consolidation; Cleaning - Archéologie; Objet de fouille; Céramique; Polychromie; Conservation; Restauration; Couche picturale; Consolidation; Nettoyage Geographic/Géographie: Turkey; Troy; Pakistan; Harappa - Turquie; Troie; Pakistan; Harappa Abstract/Résumé: Freshly excavated terracotta are usually damp and covered with burial dirt, salts and encrustations. This creates serious difficulties is the surface is painted: any cleaning or rinsing may remove the painted decoration. Often the paint is not well attached, complicating the problem further. This paper illustrates two different problems of excavated painted terracottas and their various treatments. Terracottas from the site of Harappa (Pakistan) and Troy (Turkey) are examined. At Harappa, the terracottas suffer from severe soluble salt problems, while at Troy some of the terracottas are covered with insoluble salts. The discussion includes a survey of past treatments for preserving unstable paint, as well as recent cleaning methods and consolidation considerations. Shelf no. VII D 146 25. An “Angel Project of Dinosaur Proportions”/Tennison, Heather; van der Reyden, Dianne; Tsai, Fei Wen; and Parrish, Mary. The Book and Paper Group Annual, Vol. 15, 1996. Abstract: “Angel Projects” traditionally held in conjunction with the American Institute for Conservation (AIC) annual meetings, provide local collections in need of conservation assistance with exposure to conservators interested in contributing their expertise. This version of Angel Project, a modified version organized to coincide with the Society of American Archivist’s (SAA) annual meeting, served as a pilot to work out and demonstrate a proposed procedure for the processing, re-housing, and reformatting of an important collection of historic scientific illustrations. http://aic.stanford.edu/conspec/bpg/annual/v15/bp15-18.html 26. Painful decisions: philosophical considerations on a decision-making model / Van de Vall, Renée, In: Modern art: who cares? An interdisciplinary research project and an international symposium on the conservation of modern and contemporary art / Hummelen, Usbrand (ed.); Sillé, Dionne (ed.); Foundation for the conservation of modern artNetherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage. Amsterdam, Netherlands. Amsterdam: Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage, 1999, p. 196-200 ISBN 90-72905-45-8 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Contemporary art - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Art contemporain Shelf no. XXI 428 27. Setting a strategic framework for conservation standards / Van Gigch, John P.; Rosvall, Jan; Lagerqvist, Bosse , In: Standards for preservation and rehabilitation / Kelley, Stephen J. (ed.); West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 1996, p. 64-71, fig., tables (ASTM Special Technical Publication, 1258) Standards for preservation and rehabilitation, Dallas/Fort Worth, United States, 19931010-19931011. ISBN 0-8031-2006-0 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Standard; Theory - Bâtiment; Conservation; Norme; Théorie Abstract/Résumé: A strategic management framework to establish different standards for conservation depending on their level of abstraction is proposed. According to a model developed by one of the authors, the problems that decision-makers must solve vary depending on the system level at which they are considered. As a consequence, the measures by which the effectiveness of these decisions are evaluated must also take into account the system level at which the problem is stated. The model and metamodel on which the framework is based are presented. The model is generalized to encompass the overall paradigm of the discipline of conservaion and, as a result becomes a perscriptive model by which all standards of the discipline should be set. Shelf no. VIII D 983 28. Multicultural Participation in Conservation Decision-Making / Elizabeth C. Welsh, Catherine Sease, Basil Rhodes, Steven C.Brown, and Miriam Clavir, WAAC Newsletter, Volume 14, Number 1, Jan. 1992, pp.13-22 http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/waac/wn/wn14/wn14-1/wn14-105.html Abstract A panel addressed the topic of multicultural participation in museum collection care. 29. Decisions on the restoration of a Trobriand yam storehouse: the "Decision making model for the conservation and restoration of modern art" applied to an ethnographic object / Wisse, Désirée C.J.; Brokerhof, Agnes W.; Scholte, Tatja , In: Triennial meeting (14th), The Hague, 12-16 September 2005: preprints / ICOM Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 2005, p. 120-126, ills., ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting, 14th, The Hague, Netherlands, 20050912-20050916. ISBN 1-84407-253-3

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Ethnography; Decision-making; Restoration; Ethics; Building; Model; Wood; Thatch roofing; Typology; Museum; Collection; Object - Conservation; Ethnographie; Prise de décision; Restauration; Ethique; Bâtiment; Modèle; Bois; Toiture en chaume; Typologie; Musée; Collection; Objet Geographic/Géographie: Papua New Guinea; Netherlands - Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée; Pays-Bas Shelf no. XXI 559/1

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Theory & History of Conservation Selected Bibliography 1.

Art Criticism & Art History / Argan, Giulio Carlo, in Encyclopedia of World Art, Vol. I, McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, London , col. 810 Abstract/Résumé: Encyclopedia’s information about the term.

2.

Mimesis / Corradini, M, in Encyclopedia of World Art, Vol. IX, McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, London , coll. 91-95 Abstract/Résumé: Encyclopedia’s information about the term.

3.

Visibilité de la restauration, lisibilité de l'oeuvre: 5e colloque international de l'ARAAFU, Paris, 13-15 juin 2002 / Association des restaurateurs d'art et d'archéologie de formation universitaire (ARAAFU). Paris, France , Paris: ARAAFU, 2003 ; 326 p. : ills., figs. ; 30 cm. (Conservation restauration des biens culturels) Colloque de l'ARAAFU (5): visibilité de la restauration, lisibilité de l'oeuvre, Paris, France, 20020613-20020615. ISBN 2-907465-04-X Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Canvas painting; Panel painting; Mural painting; Sculpture; Ceramic; Goldsmithing; Textile; Conservation; Restoration; Lacuna; Reintegration; Retouching; Theory; Ethics - Peinture sur toile; Peinture sur bois; Peinture murale; Sculpture; Céramique; Orfèvrerie; Textile; Conservation; Restauration; Lacune; Réintégration; Retouche; Théorie; Ethique Shelf no. XXI 496

4.

Loss compensation symposium: 1993 annual meeting postprints / Western Association for Art Conservation, United States , Seattle, WA: WAAC, 1994 ; 50 p. ; 28 cm. Los Angeles, United States, 19930000-19930000. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Lacuna; Reintegration; Theory; Ethics; Textile; Paper; Contemporary art; Ceramic - Lacune; Réintégration; Théorie; Ethique; Textile; Papier; Art contemporain; Céramique Shelf no. XXI 380 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Reversibility; Evaluation; Value; Cultural diversity; Cultural property; Movable - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Réversibilité; Evaluation; Valeur; Diversité culturelle; Bien culturel; Mobilier Abstract/Résumé: Classical conservation theories (from Ruskin to Brandi) are characterized by their close adherence to truth. These theories are currently dominant, but criticism and new alternatives are developing and gaining momentum. Three crucial notions in classical theories have been criticised: reversibility, universality and objectivity (including objective determination of damage and the notion of scientific conservation). As a result of these criticisms, emerging contemporary theory of conservation has substituted the notions of function, use or value of the conservation object for that of truth. A representative list of sources is discussed. Shelf no. Per. IIC 13

5.

La restauration: quels choix? Dérestauration, restauration-restitution / Berducou, Marie , In: Technè, N. 13-14, 2001, p. 211-218 ISSN 1254-7867 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; De-restoration; Theory; Ethics - Conservation; Restauration; De-restauration; Théorie; Ethique Shelf no. Per. France 36

6.

Conserver ou restaurer: les dilemmes du patrimoine / Boito, Camillo, Besançon: Editions de l'Imprimeur, 2000 ; 111 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. (Tranches de villes) ISBN 2-910735-45-1 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; History - Bâtiment; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Histoire Geographic/Géographie: Italy - Italie Shelf no. II 229

7.

Changing taste in the restoration of paintings / Bomford, David , In: Restoration: is it acceptable? / Oddy, Andrew (ed.); London: British Museum Press, 1994, p. 32-40 (British Museum Occasional Paper; 99) ISBN 0-86159-099-6 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Painting; Canvas painting; Panel painting; Conservation; Restoration; Cleaning; Retouching; Theory; Ethics; History - Peinture; Peinture sur toile; Peinture sur bois; Conservation; Restauration; Nettoyage; Retouche; Théorie;

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Ethique; Histoire Shelf no. XXI 360 8.

Issues in the conservation of paintings / Bomford, David (ed.); Leonard, Mark (ed.) / Getty Conservation Institute. Los Angeles, United States , Los Angeles, CA: J. Paul Getty Trust, 2004 ; XVII, 581 p. : ills. ; 25,5 cm. , (Readings in conservation) , ISBN 0-89236-781-4 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Painting; Conservation; Restoration; Cleaning; History; Theory; Literary source; Oil painting; Fresco; Art material; Technique; Ultraviolet; Examination; Cross-section; Transfer; Support wood; Support canvas; Lining; Sturgeon glue; Relining; Canvas painting; Repair; Retouching; Damage; Display; Patina; Varnish - Peinture; Conservation; Restauration; Nettoyage; Histoire; Théorie; Source littéraire; Peinture à l'huile; Fresque; Matériau artistique; Technique; Ultraviolet; Examen; Coupe; Dépose; Transfert; Transmission; Transport; Transposition; Support bois; Support toile; Doublage; Rentoilage; Colle d'esturgeon; Rentoilage; Peinture sur toile; Raccommodage; Réparation; Retouche; Dégât; Désordre; Présentation; Patine; Vernis Shelf no. X D 281

9.

Theory of restoration / Brandi, Cesare; Basile, Giuseppe (ed.) / Istituto centrale per il restauro (ICR). Roma, Italy , Firenze: Nardini Editore, 2005 ; 186 p. : ills. ; 24 cm. , (Arte e restauro) , ISBN 88-404-4089-5 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Literary source; Theory; Conservation; Material; Restoration; Preventive conservation; Lacuna; Reintegration; Monument; Painting; Patina; Varnish; Glaze; Frame; Authenticity; Recommendation; History; Forgery Source littéraire; Théorie; Conservation; Matériau; Restauration; Conservation préventive; Lacune; Réintégration; Monument; Peinture; Patine; Vernis; Glaçure; Cadre; Authenticité; Recommandation; Histoire; Faux Shelf no. II 278

10. The rationale behind operational conservation theory / Brock-Nannestad, George , In: Conservation without limits: IIC Nordic Group XV congress, August 23-26, 2000, Helsinki, Finland / IIC Nordic Group. Helsinki, Finland. Helsinki: IIC Nordic Group, 2000, p. 21-33, fig. IIC Nordic Group congress (15), Helsinki, Finland, 20000823-20000826. ISBN 952-91-2162-8 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Methodology - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Méthodologie Abstract/Résumé: The recent field of audiovisual restoration and preservation had no expressed ethics of preservation. A search for existing approaches in conservation of art, paper, monuments, and in the Memory of the World Programme showed very little useful consistency in relation to conservation theory. Instead of trying to make a separate new ethic, it was more useful to consider a framework which would function in any preservation environment. In order for such a framework to be useful, rather than merely philosophical, it must be able to assist decision makers in prescribing coherent actions. Operational Conservation Theory does precisely this: it is based very firmly on the structure of information present in any object (even a landscape!), in the form of visible and latent information. The information is both of a scientific (technical) nature and of a perception nature. Another constituent of Operational Conservation Theory is the life-cycle of an object in which there is a gradual transformation from utility into "mere" information value. Shelf no. XXI 452 11. Cleaning Theories: Traditional and Modern / Bucklow, Spike In: Zeitschrift für Kunsttechnologie und Konservierung, Jahrgang 13, Heft 1, 1999, p. 140-149, fig., ISSN 0931-7198 Subject/Sujet: Traditional science; Paint and varnish; Varnish removal; Modern parallels; Solvent cleaning; Aqueous cleaning; Practical cleaning Shelf no. Per. Allemagne 35 12. Some theoretical problems of completion / Deák, Klára; Goerbe, Katalin , In: Problems of the completion of art objects. Proceedings of the Second International Restorer Seminar, Veszprem, 15-27 July 1978 / Budapest: Institute of Conservation and Methodology of Museums, 1979, p. 65-67 Veszprem, 19780715-19780727. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Restoration; theory; Painting; Lacuna; Reintegration - Restauration; theorie; Peinture; Lacune; Reintégration Abstract/Résumé: Restoration distorts the integral message of the original object. During compensation of losses in pictures several methods are used -- flush retouch, hatching etc. Large losses cannot be reconstructed. Compensation is always dangerous, as a different personality adds something to the original message. See also 16194. -- AATA Shelf no. Xxi 92 13. Visibilité / Lisibilité : la persistance d’une double erreur / Favre-Félix, Michel , In: Nuances: bulletin d'information de l'ARIPA, N. 33, 2004, p. 24-26, ISSN 1270-1955 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Ethics; Theory; Conservation; Restoration; Retouching; Cleaning; Terminology; Perception - Ethique; Théorie; Conservation; Restauration; Retouche; Nettoyage; Terminologie; Perception Geographic/Géographie: France - France

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Abstract/Résumé: This article critiques the conservation symposium held in Paris in June 2002, entitled “Visibility of restoration - legibility of art works”. According to the author, this symposium failed in not discussing the theoretical aspect of this subject, and in having misunderstood but nevertheless made use of Cesare Brandi’s and Paul Philippot’s fame to endorse the discussion. The visibility of retouching and cleaning are questioned and placed in the context of Brandi’s thinking. The author points out that a piece of art is neither a message nor a deliverer of a message. Consequently, the use of the term “legibility” is inadequate. Nevertheless, he acknowledges that a work of art may provide a piece of information, but only as a subsidiary aspect of its primarily important expressive value. The author concludes by stating that, before trying to improve the visibility of a message, conservators should give attention to the expressive value of contributing elements that are too often deprecated. Shelf no. Per. France 59 14. Filosofía y restauración: el monumento como registro de la experiencia = Philosophy and restoration: the monument as a record of experience / Fernández Martorell, Concha , In: Loggia: arquitectura & restauración, Año 7, N. 16, 2004, p. 10-17 (Spanish), 120-123 (English), ills., ISSN 1136-758X Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics - Bâtiment; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique Abstract/Résumé: The conception of a monument as a palimpsest where different texts are superposed over the original material with the passage of time allows the author of this article to make a reflection about the discipline of restoration as an exercise of writing on top of an existing work. The act of restoration thus conceived has the virtue of reviving a work of art where the dilution of its original semantic content has made it lose its old semantic function to become a historic episode impregnated with an aura of authenticity. Shelf no. Per. Espagne 18 15. Cleaning and meaning: the ravished image reviewed / Hedley, Gerry A. , In: The conservator, N. 10, 1986 ISBN 01400096 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Painting; cleaning; varnish; removal; patina; conservation; ethics - Peinture; nettoyage; vernis; enlevement; patine; conservation; ethique Abstract/Résumé: The author reviews sarah walden's book "the ravished image" (1985) and contests its criticism of the cleaning of paintings. Shelf no. Per. iic 10 16. Regards croisés sur le patrimoine dans le monde à l'aube du XXIe siècle / Gravari-Barbas, Maria (ed.); GuichardAnguis, Sylvie (ed.) , Paris: Presses de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 2003 ; 953 p. : ill., figs. ; 24 cm. , ISBN 2-84050-277-1 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Cultural property; Building; Historic town; Immovable; Definition; Site; Reconstruction; Cultural policy; Maritime; Management; International organization; Tourism; Social impact; Risk; Protection; Urban habitat; Urban development; Religious property; Restoration; Inventory; Cultural landscape; Cultural itinerary; Rural habitat - Bien culturel; Bâtiment; Centre historique; Immobilier; Définition; Site; Reconstruction; Politique culturelle; Maritime; Gestion; Organisation internationale; Tourisme; Impact social; Danger; Risque; Protection; Habitat urbain; Développement urbain; Bien religieux; Restauration; Inventaire; Paysage culturel; Itinéraire culturel; Habitat rural Abstract/Résumé: This book presents 53 papers providing an analysis of current themes and topics in the worldwide management and preservation of cultural and natural heritage. The text is divided into six chapters dedicated to the following topics: awareness of cultural identity linked to the interpretation and assimilation of one’s heritage; policies for the promotion and enhancement of cultural heritage; authenticity in the representation of culture; heritage politics in urban centres; heritage aesthetics and approaches to restoration; new approaches to preservation resulting from the expanding concept of heritage. Shelf no. II 276 17. Authenticity and conservation: reflections on the current state of understanding / Jokilehto, Jukka; King, Joseph , In: L'authenticité et l'intégrité dans un contexte africain: réunion d'experts, Grand Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, 26-29 mai 2000 = Authenticity and integrity in an African context: expert meeting, Great Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, 26-29 May 200 / Saouma-Forero, Galia (ed.); Paris: UNESCO, 2001, p. 33-39 Authenticity and integrity in an African context = Authenticité et intégrité, Great Zimbabwe, 20000526-20000529. ISBN 2-906901-29-6 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Immovable; Cultural property; Authenticity; Value; Identification; Theory; Cultural identity; Conservation; Restoration - Bâtiment; Bien culturel; Immobilier; Authenticité; Valeur; Identification; Théorie; Identité culturelle; Conservation; Restauration Geographic/Géographie: Africa; Sub-saharan Africa - Afrique; Afrique sub-saharienne Shelf no. II 230 18. A history of architectural conservation / Jokilehto, Jukka , Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999 ; XIV, 354 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. , ISBN 07506 3793 5 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Restoration; History; Theory; Ethics; Literary source; Bibliography - Bâtiment;

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Conservation; Restauration; Histoire; Théorie; Ethique; Source littéraire; Bibliographie Abstract/Résumé: A history of architectural conservation expands knowledge about the conservation of ancient monuments, works of art and historic buildings. This includes the origins of the interest in conservation within the European context and the development of the concepts from Antiquity and the Renaissance to the present day. The influence this development has had on international collaboration in the protection and conservation of cultural heritage is covered. Also emphasized are the evolution of values from traditional to modern society, and the challenges of the present built environment. This book is a scholarly work based on archival research of original documents and the study of key restoration examples in countries that have influenced the international conservation movement. It includes conservation trends in Europe, the USA, India, Iran and Japan. Shelf no. II 89 bis 19. Modern conservation versus traditional care / Jokilehto, Jukka , In: Die Denkmalpflege vor der Denkmalpflege: akten des Berner Kongresses, 30.Juni bis 3. Juli 1999 / Hoffmann, Volker (ed); Schweizer, Jürg (ed); Wolters, Wolfgang (ed); Bern: Peter Lang, 2005, p. 163-175, (Neue Berner Schriften zur Kunst, Band 8) , Die Denkmalpflege vor der Denkmalpflege, Bern, Switzerland, 19990630-19990703. ISBN 3-03910-439-X Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Preservation; Theory; History; Monument; Architectural conservation - Bâtiment; Conservation; Préservation; Théorie; Histoire; Monument; Conservation architecturale Shelf no. VIII D 1448 20. Restoration theory in the digital age / Jokilehto, Jukka , In: La conservation à l'ère du numérique: actes des quatrièmes journées internationales d'études de l'ARSAG, Paris, 27-30 mai 2002 / Association pour la recherche scientifique sur les arts graphiques (ARSAG). Paris, France. Paris: ARSAG, 2002, p. 15-20 Paris, France, 20020527-20020530. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Authenticity; Value; Copy; Cultural property; Digital information Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Authenticité; Valeur; Copie; Bien culturel; Information numérique Abstract/Résumé: The purpose of the paper is to reflect on some issues of restoration theory in relation to work of art with particular reference to digital age. Considering modern restoration a critical process, the paper takes note of the writings of Martin Heidegger and Cesare Brandi, and refers to the recognition of works of art as such, their meaning, associated values, authenticity, and the question of original vs copy. Reference is made to different types of works, such as moving images and music. The paper concludes stating that the modern restoration theOry, understood as methodology and elaborated by C. Brandi, would be applicable to works on digital support. However, the concepts need to be appropriately interpreted in reference to the type of heritage concerned. Shelf no. XIV H 316 21. Sculpture conservation: treatment or reinterpretation? / Larson, John, In: Sculpture conservation: preservation or interference? / Lindley, Phillip (ed.); Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1997, p. 69-81, ill., colour pl. II-XI Liverpool, United Kingdom, 19930616-19930618. ISBN 1-85928-254-7 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Sculpture; Conservation; Restoration; Cleaning; Theory; Ethics; Copy; Reproduction; Terracotta Sculpture; Conservation; Terre-cuite; Restauration; Nettoyage; Théorie; Ethique; Copie; Reproduction Shelf no. IX D 79 22. Les copies et leurs fonctions / Le Gac, Agnès , In: Conservation restauration des biens culturels, N.17/18 , 2001, p. 3-25, ills. ISSN 1157-688X Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Copy; Reproduction; Theory - Copie; Reproduction; Théorie Abstract/Résumé: Whether they are copies, replicas, facsimiles or authentic fakes, material reproductions of artworks or elements of our cultural heritage testify along history of diversified attitudes. An analysis of the functions assumed by these doubles allow us to gain an understanding about the very reasons, for their existence such as: the fluctuations of taste and fashion, evolving conservation needs and the highly symbolic nature of some human creations. However, the essential question remains the inevitable distance induced by the copying process. How remote does the copy stand from the original? Can the distance be measured, and do we really wish to measure it? What system should we adopt in order to apprehend it? When confronted with a copy, does a viewer prefer to keep his illusions and believe it to be the manifestation of an original? This study attempts to raise the issues, focusing most notably on the materiality and the means used to signal reproductions. Shelf nn. Per France 45 23. Research into the history of conservation-restoration: remarks on relevance and method / te Marvelde, Mireille , In: Triennial meeting (12th), Lyon, 29 August-3 September 1999: preprints. Vol. 1 / ICOM. Committee for conservation. London: James & James, 1999, p. 194-199, ICOM Committee for conservation triennial meeting (12), Lyon, France, 19990829-19990903. ISBN 1-873936-92-3 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; History; Painting - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Histoire; Peinture Abstract/Résumé: Despite a growing interest in research into the history of conservation-restoration of paintings, there

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are still big gaps in our knowledge concerning the historical use of materials and methods, which is mainly based on a lack of documentation. In this paper I would like to draw attention to the importance of the paintings themselves as carriers of this kind of historical information as well as the need to analyse the artworks in this respect. Once combined with other pieces of information (documentary and analytical), apparently meaningless facts or observations can become meaningful. An increasing knowledge of the history of conservation-restoration finally contributes to a better understanding of the condition of paintings and consequently to the further development of treatment methods. Shelf no. XXI 421/1 24. The practicalities and aesthetics of retouching: rationality versus intuition / McAusland, Jane , In: The paper conservator, Vol. 26, 2002, p. 13-19, ills. ISSN 0309-4227 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Paper; Drawing; Painting on paper; Gouache; Engraving; Print; Restoration; Lacuna; Reintegration; Retouching; Toning; Theory - Papier; Dessin; Peinture sur papier; Gouache; Gravure; Estampe; Restauration; Lacune; Réintégration; Retouche; Mise au ton; Théorie Abstract/Résumé: The complexity of decision-making in the reintegration of losses suffered by works of art on paper is explored. The relevant ethics and aesthetics are discussed. An attempt is made to bring together the relative points that should be taken into account before practical restoration takes place, and a few examples of decisions are given. The author feels that this subject has generally been neglected in the context of paper conservation, and a debate should begin and work towards a new philosophy in this area. Shelf no. Per. Grande-Bretagne 35 25. Speaking of the future: a dialogue on conservation. A report on a national symposium, November 2-6, 2001: reconstructing conservation: history, values, and practice / Mitchell, Nora J. (ed.); Hudson, Leslie J. (ed.); Jones, Deb (ed.) , Woodstock: Conservation Study Institute, 2003 ; VI, 50 p. : ills. ; 28 cm. , (Conservation and stewardship publication, n. 4) , Reconstructing conservation: history, values and practice, Woodstock, United States, 2001110220011106. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Natural property; Natural environment; Nature; Landscape; Conservation; Protection; Participation; Awareness; Cultural landscape - Bien naturel; Environnement naturel; Nature; Paysage; Conservation; Protection; Participation; Sensibilisation; Paysage culturel Shelf no. IV ter 82 26. Original ou copie? les dilemmes de la restauration. / Miltchik, Mikhaïl, In: Monuments historiques, N. 179, 1992 ISSN 0242-830Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Restoration; ethics; Building; conservation - Restauration; ethique; Batiment; conservation Abstract/Résumé: Investigates some of the dilemmas and pitfalls of restoration practice. Argues that certain restorations transform the original building into a modern version or copy. The following general ideas are treated: restoration; reconstruction, falsifying completion, copying; dreaming, and betrayal of the original monument. Ignoring the historical authenticity of a cultural treasure can often lead to abuse, a sort of "rewriting" of the site's history and intention. Safeguarding authenticity and historical meaning shoud be the guiding professional ethic in restoration. Shelf no. Per. France 9 27. Conservation or restoration? / Monger, George , In: The international journal of museum management and curatorship, Vol. 7, N. 4, 1988, p. 375-380, plates ISSN 0260-4779 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; ethics - Conservation; éthique Abstract/Résumé: The question of whether to conserve or restore technological and social history objects (cars, tractors etc.) is discussed. The terms conservation and restoration are defined. Ethical problems such as replicas and the "use" of the object by the public are considered. -- ICCROM Shelf no. Per. Grande-Bretagne 46 28. Contemporary theory of conservation / Muñoz Viñas, Salvador , Oxford: Elsevier, 2005 ; 239 p. : ills. ; 21,5 cm. , ISBN 07506-6224-7 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Theory; Preservation; Restoration; Object; Science; Archaeology; Authenticity; Value; Sustainable - Conservation; Théorie; Préservation; Restauration; Objet; Science; Archéologie; Authenticité; Valeur; Durable Shelf no. II 279 29. Keeping time: the history and theory of preservation in America / Murtagh, William J. - 3rd ed. , Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley, 2006 ; xix, 249 p. : ill. ; 26 cm. , ISBN 0-471-47377-4 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Theory; History; Building; Legislation; Historic town; Rural habitat; Recommendation; Landscape; Protection; Adaptive-use; Rehabilitation; Preservation; Interior; Historic house; Historic district; Museum; Open-air museum; Archaeology; Value; Cultural policy; International cooperation - Conservation; Théorie; Histoire;

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Bâtiment; Législation; Centre historique; Habitat rural; Recommandation; Paysage; Protection; Utilisation nouvelle; Réhabilitation; Préservation; Intérieur; Maison historique; Quartier historique; Musée; Musée en plein air; Archéologie; Valeur; Politique culturelle; Coopération internationale Geographic/Géographie: United States of America - Etats-Unis d'Amérique Shelf no. II 284 30. Reversibility: does it exist? / Oddy, Andrew (ed.); Carroll, Sara (ed.) , London: British Museum, 1999 ; VIII, 180 p. : fig. ; 30 cm. , (British Museum Occasional Papers, N. 135) , ISBN 0-86159-135-6 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Paper; Mural painting; Canvas painting; Scientific instrument; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Reversibility; Synthetic resin; Use in conservation - Papier; Peinture murale; Peinture sur toile; Instrument scientifique; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Reversibilité; Résine synthétique; Emploi en conservation Shelf no. XXI 427 31. Reversibility as principle of modern preservation / Petzet, Michael , In: Restauro, Anno 24, n. 131-132, 1995, p. 81-89 Napoli, Italy, 19951106-19951107. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics - Bâtiment; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique Shelf no. Per. Italie 37 32. Introductory speech. Conservation and tradition of craft / Philippot, Paul , In: International symposium on the conservation and restoration of cultural property. Conservation of far eastern art objects. Tokyo, november 26-29, 1979 / Tokyo national research institute of cultural properties. Tokyo: Tokyo national research institute of cultural property, 1980 Symposium on the conservation of far eastern art objects, Tokyo, 19791126-19791129. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; theory - Conservation; theorie Abstract/Résumé: Modern conservation begins when continuity of tradition is interrupted by industrial development. A short review of conservation principles. The position of the craftsman in conservation. Shelf no. XXI 115 33. La conservation des oeuvres d'art: problème de politique culturelle / Philippot, Paul , In: Annales d'Histoire de l'Art et d'Archéologie, Vol. 7: Section d'Histoire de l'Art de l'U.L.B., 1985 ISBN 0771-2723 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Restoration; Cultural property; Training; Awareness; Museum; Impact; Social; Collection; Handling; Transport; Conservation; Ethics; Theory; Display; Interpretation - Bien culturel; education; vulgarisation; musee; Impact social; collection; manipulation; transport; conservation; ethique; theorie; formation; restauration; probleme; presentation; interpretation Abstract/Résumé: The problem of restoration of works of art is first of all a cultural problem and only secondly a technical one. The author cites several examples of how conservation is affected by cultural values: the introduction of heating into churches, the effect of traveling exhibitions, recurrent cleaning controversies, etc. He calls for a renewed involvement of art historians in conservation decisions, new efforts at educating the public, greater interdisciplinary training for conservators, and more sensitive policy towards exhibition and transport of works of art. -ICCROM Shelf no. Per. belgique 9 34. The Phenomenology of Artistic Creation according to Cesare Brandi / Philippot Paul; in Archives de l’Art: entre Esthetique et philosophie, Annales de l’Institut de Philosophie et des Sciences Morales, Ed. Universite’ de Bruxelles 1988 – Reprinted in C.Brandi, Theory of Restoration Turin 2000, pp. 62-67 Subject/Sujet: Literary source; Theory; Conservation; Material; Restoration; Preventive conservation; Interpretation Shelf no. II 278 35. Prior repairs: when should they be preserved? / Portell, Jean D. , In: Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Vol. 42, N. 2, 2003, p. 363-380, ills. ISSN 0197-1360 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; De-restoration; Theory; Ethics; Sculpture; Paper; Lacuna; Reintegration; Repair; Sarcophagus; Ceramic; Contemporary art; Canvas painting; Archive material; Re-restoration - Conservation; Restauration; Dé-restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Sculpture; Papier; Lacune; Réintégration; Raccommodage; Réparation; Sarcophage; Céramique; Art contemporain; Peinture sur toile; Matériau d'archive; Re-restauration Abstract/Résumé: If an object that is in need of treatment already has evident repairs or restorations, questions arise about whether to reverse or preserve them. For example, are the prior repairs unstable? Are they causing damage to the object? Do they excessively impair a visual appreciation of the object? Other issues should also be considered, such as whether the repairs are appropriate to the culture of the object's origin, whether they may have spiritual or historical significance, and whether it is possible to know the artist's opinion about the repairs. Electronic media artworks present unique re-treatment concerns. Such issue need to be discussed with the owner whenever new treatment is planned. The author presents the reasons that some prior interventions have been preserved (or not) on a

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variety of cultural objects and offers a checklist of talking points to guide future discussion. Shelf no. Per. IIC 003 36. Restauration ou dérestauration: un débat d'actualité sur la conservation des monuments historiques / Pressouyre, Léon In: Monuments historiques de la France, Year No. 112, 1980, p. 12-21, 15 illus. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Building; facade; Theory; restoration; De-restoration - Restauration; theorie; sculpture; de-restauration; Batiment Abstract/Résumé: Taking examples of monuments of rome and of sculptures of the munich glyptothek, the concept of dis-restoration, i. E. The removal of recent interventions in order to reconstitute the original aspect of the monument, is discussed. In many cases the restoration is simply a restoration as it restores the monument according to the actual esthetic taste. -- ICCROM Shelf no. Per. france 9 37. Caring for the past: issues in conservation for archaeology and museums / Pye, Elizabeth , London: James & James, 2001 ; 232 p. : figs. ; 24,5 cm. ISBN 1 902916 10 7 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Museum; Collection; Archaeology; Excavation object; Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; Deterioration; Interdisciplinarity; Training; Awareness; Communication - Musée; Collection; Archéologie; Objet de fouille; Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Altération; Interdisciplinarité; Formation; Sensibilisation; Communication Shelf no. XXI 495 38. The modern cult of monuments: its character and its origin / Riegl, Alois , In: Oppositions, N. 25, 1982, pp. 21-50; Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; theory; monument; history; restoration; ethics; architecture - Conservation; theorie; monument; histoire; restauration; ethique; architecture Abstract/Résumé: Translation of a phamphlet by the famous austrian art historian, which establishes principles and guidelines for historic preservation on the basis of the monument's "values" (age-value, historical value, intentional commemorative value, use-value, art-value, newness-value). First published in vienna 1903 as "der moderne denkmalkultus"; transl. From a 1924 edition by kurt. W. Forster and diane ghirardo. With 30 illustrations chosen for this first english edition. Shelf no. Boite per. 36/5 39. Contemporary Theory of Conservation-Restoration of Cultural Property. Outline of problems,( Wspolczesna teoria konserwacji i restauracji dobr kultury. Zarys zagadnien )/ Szmelter, Iwona In: Ochrona Zabytkow, nr 2, 2006, p. 5-39, indeks - 36765 ISSN 0029-8247 Abstract/Resume : A presentation of an outline of problems relating to the conservation-restoration of cultural property, including painting and sculpture, from the times of the Old Masters to modern ephemeral art, as well as accompanying theories, with particular emphasis placed on their contemporary social dimension. Focus on crosscultural and specific Polish situation is very necessary in contemporary strategy decision in care of cultural legacy. In sustainable conservation important role for stakeholders based on cooperation and a mission in society. The role of conservators as advocate of wellbeing of heritage is presented on example. 40. Subjectivity and ethical consideration in retouching / Sozzani, Laurent S.G. , In: Mededelingenblad IIC Nederland, Jaargang 10, N. 1-2, 1993, p. 19-27, ill. Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Painting; Canvas painting; Panel painting; Conservation; Restoration; Patina; Retouching; Theory; Ethics; Cleaning - Peinture; Peinture sur toile; Peinture sur bois; Conservation; Restauration; Patine; Retouche; Théorie; Ethique; Nettoyage Shelf no. Per. IIC 12 41. Historical and philosophical issues in the conservation of cultural heritage / Stanley-Price, Nicholas (ed.); Talley, Mansfield Kirby, Jr (ed.); Melucco Vaccaro, Alessandra (ed.) , Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996 ; XVII, 500 p. : ill. ; 26 cm. (Readings in conservation) ISBN 0-89236-250-2 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Conservation; Restoration; Theory; Ethics; History; Lacuna; Reintegration; Building; Painting; Movable; Cultural property; Sculpture; Literary source - Conservation; Restauration; Théorie; Ethique; Histoire; Lacune; Réintégration; Bâtiment; Peinture; Mobilier; Bien culturel; Sculpture; Source littéraire Abstract/Résumé: This premier volume of the Getty Conservation Institute's Readings in Conservation is the first comprehensive collection of texts on the conservation of art and architecture to be published in the English language. The thirty major art historians and scholars represented raise questions such as when to restore, what to preserve, and how to maintain aesthetic character. Extensively illustrated, the book also contains an annotated bibliography and dex. Shelf no. II 178

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42. The ravished image: an introduction to the art of picture restoration & its risks / Walden, Sarah; Gombrich, Ernst - 2nd ed. , London: Gibson Square books, 2004 ; 181 p. : 24 cm. , ISBN 1-90393341-2 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Painting; Theory; Restoration; Damage; Damage due to restoration; History; Varnish; Patina; Radiography; X ray; Retouching; Risk - Peinture; Théorie; Restauration; Dégât; Désordre; Dégât dû à la restauration; Histoire; Vernis; Patine; Radiographie; Rayon x; Retouche; Danger; Risque Shelf no. X D 279 43. Patina from the historical-artistic point of view / Weil, Phoebe Dent , In: Monumenti in bronzo all'aperto: esperienze di conservazione a confronto / Letardi, Paola (ed); Trentin, Ilva (ed); Cutugno, Giuseppe (ed); Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali. Roma, Italy. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Istituto di scienze marine. Sezione di Genova (CRNISMAR). Genova, Italy. Firenze: Nardini Editore, 2004, p. 39-48, (Arte e restauro) , Conservazione dei monumenti in bronzo all'aperto: esperienze a confronto, Genova, Italy, 20041202-20041204. ISBN 88-404-4090-9 Descriptors / Mots-clés Subject/Sujet: Theory; History; Conservation; Bronze; Open-air; Exposure; Environment; Restoration; Sculpture; Patina; Surface; Colour; Archaeology; Ethics; Terminology; Excavation object - Théorie; Histoire; Conservation; Bronze; Plein-air; Exposition; Environnement; Restauration; Sculpture; Patine; Surface; Couleur; Archéologie; Ethique; Terminologie; Objet de fouille Abstract/Résumé: Reviews the evolving meaning of the term “patina” throughout history, from antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the industrial age and until today. The article further illustrates how the use of the word is reflected in changing attitudes towards corrosion, surface coloration of works of art and conservation treatments of bronze sculpture. The author describes the first printed definition of “patina” (or rather, “patena”) by Filippo Baldinucci in 1681 as well as the term “patine” in the French Encyclopedie of 1751. Also pointed out is the delayed importance given to the conservation of bronze sculptures and monuments with respect to the advances in education and training in conservation and restoration. The paper also addresses problems related to the categorization of patina (“natural”, “artificial”, “noble”, and “vile”, for instance) and conservation when referring to archaeological bronzes and outdoor bronze sculptures. Shelf no. XIX B 341

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