Acknowledgments When I was asked in the summer of 1994 to develop a state framework for K-12 Science Education I agreed without really knowing what I was getting myself into. This framework was to be based on the NRC’s National Science Education Standards (even though they would not be published for another year and a half) and to make connections between the National Standards and the emerging Minnesota Graduation Standards. After many stops and starts, explorations of cul-de-sacs and travel on open highways, this document was developed. Publication of the Minnesota K-12 Science Framework is the culmination of three years of professional discussions, writing conferences, individual and group reviewing, and editing. The process itself has involved the professional development of many Minnesota teachers. It has led to ever widening circles of discussion, an explosion of e-mail, and increasingly thoughtful consideration of the ideas contained in these pages. It has affirmed my belief in the power of collaboration. This document is largely the collective wisdom of members of the Minnesota Science Teachers Association, whose expertise and leadership were fundamental to its completion. Thanks also to members of the Minnesota Science Best Practice Network who willingly shared their knowledge and ideas as this Framework was developed and reviewed. I wish to thank all of the educators who have given generously of their time and inspiration to create this Framework. One of the best parts of this process was the opportunity to work with and learn from my heroes and heroines, as well as to meet some new ones. Throughout the development of this Framework I have worked with many outstanding educators from across Minnesota whom I have come to admire for their talents and commitments. I am proud to be associated with and even call these professionals friends. Special thanks to Kathleen Lundgren, Science Specialist for the Minnesota Department of Children, Families & Learning, who spearheaded the development of the Minnesota Graduation Standards in science and assisted in the development of this Framework. Her understanding of standards-based education and her talent for making connections brought Chapter Three to a higher level, and her commitment to safety in science instruction greatly influenced Chapter Six. In addition, Kathleen unstintingly arranged and lead Framework training through the Minnesota Science Best Practice Network and incorporated the draft Framework into the Phase II Graduation Standards Training held in the summer of 1997. Thanks also to Geri Nelson, who graciously left her students for a semester to complete Chapter Six. Her countless hours on the phone (“What are the rules about using road-kill in the classroom?”), editing abilities (more commas!), and talent for working with others has led to an exemplary collection of Minnesota resources that are useful and comprehensive. Her ability to read my mind was also an asset throughout the development process. The writing and editing skills of Ed Hessler were essential in the development of this Framework. His deep understanding of standards-based science education, professional development and systemic reform provided the guidance for discussions and writings. Countless hours were spent thinking out loud, passing drafts back and forth, and sharing comments and advice on e-mail. I even got pretty good at deciphering his handwriting! His support and friendship were critical to the completion of this Framework. Dick Clark, former Science Specialist, is a supportive friend and colleague who provided advice and counsel throughout the project. Lunch discussions with Mike Damyanovich challenged my assumptions, gave me insights, and provided encouragement and opportunities to grow personally
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and professionally. I couldn’t have completed this project without the encouragement and support of my husband Brian and sons Steve and Jimmy, who put up with a sometimes crabby mom, as well as my long hours at work and evenings away from home. More thanks go to Deb Rose, who helped with everything from treats at meetings to managing the budget and last minute print jobs. Katie Bratsch was always there to help with editing, mailings, and graphics advice. The support of Cyndy Crist, as well as her editing talents, was essential. Mary Lillesve has been a cheerleader throughout the process and provided helpful linkages between the Minnesota Department of Children, Families and Learning and SciMathMN. Lisa Clemens, former Executive Director of SciMathMN, provided initial direction for the project. Lisa, along with the SciMathMN Board of Directors, made a significant financial commitment through the allocation of public and private dollars to support the development of the Framework. Bill Linder-Scholer, first as Chair of the SciMathMN Board of Directors and then as its Executive Director, has had significant impact on the development of this Framework and its dissemination. His wisdom, encouragement and leadership influenced the development at every phase. In the pages that follow, those who participated in the development of this Framework are listed. I apologize for any inadvertent misspellings or omissions. The large number of contributors from all parts of Minnesota—from writers, to reviewers, to interviewees for vignettes, to all the other tasks a framework requires—is testimony to a truly statewide effort. A large number of educators, Kindergarten through higher education, have worked collaboratively to create this document. Let’s continue to work together to turn this vision of science education into a reality for all Minnesota’s children. Laurie Peterman September, 1997
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SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Mathematics and Science Frameworks
S C I M A T H MN
Laurie Peterman
Anne Bartel
Science Project Manager SciMathMN
Mathematics Project Manager SciMathMN
Math/Science Frameworks Leadership Team Wayne Buckley
Don Pascoe
La Porte Public Schools
Osseo Public Schools
Jim Foley
Dale Pearson
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
St. Paul Public Schools
Mark Gugisberg
Craig Rypkema
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Bemidji Public Schools
Bonnie Hagelberger
Beth Stauber-Johnson
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
University of Wisconsin - Superior
Ed Hessler
Sharon Stenglein
SciMathMN/MSTA/MESFI
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
Joyce Kloncz
Martha Wallace
Mounds View Public Schools
St. Olaf College
Kathleen Lundgren
Nancy Zwickey
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
Lake Crystal-Wellcome Memorial
SciMathMN Staff Katie Bratsch
Ed Hessler
Communications Coordinator
Professional Development Manager
Cyndy Crist
Geri Nelson
Transforming Teacher Education Manager
Science Framework Specialist
Vicki DeVoss
Nancy Nutting
Mathematics Framework Specialist
Equity Projects Manager
John Erickson
Deb Rose
Professional Development Manager
Fiscal Analyst/Administrative Assistant
Principal Writers/Contributers Michael Damyanovich
Geri Nelson
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
Anoka Hennepin Schools
Lois Fruen
Don Pascoe
Breck School
Osseo Schools
Ed Hessler
Laurie Peterman
SciMathMN/MSTA/MESFI
SciMathMN
Kathleen Lundgren
Kate Trewick
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
North Branch Public Schools
Expert Reviewers Audrey Champagne
Susan Loucks-Horsley
SUNY-Albany
National Institute for Science Education/National Research Council
Eugene Gennaro
University of MN (retired)
Harold Pratt
National Research Council
SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
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Contributors/Reviewers Gary Allward
Steve Butler
Richfield Public Schools
New Ulm Schools
Evonne Anderson
De Cansler
Lake Park/Audubon Schools
Rochester Public Schools
Gordon Anderson
Jane Carlson
Roseville Schools
Pine City Schools
Stefan Anderson
Barbara Chapman
Breck School
Crookston Schools
Terry Anderson
Richard Clark
New Richland Schools
MN Dept. of Education (retired)
Tim Anderson
Bob Claxton
Cloquet Public Schools
Brainerd Public Schools
Paula Andrzejewski
Maryanna Claxton
Centennial Schools
Brainerd Public Schools
Sharon Arfstrom
Joanne Cody
Willmar Schools
Dairy Council
David Arlander
Russ Colson
Rochester Schools
Moorhead State University
Nancy Andrews
Cecelia Cope
Minneapolis Public Schools
Christ the King/St. Thomas the Apostle
David Astin
Marcy Copeland
Wayzata Schools
Yellow Medicine East Schools
Gary Beese
Chuck Coskran
United South Central Schools
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
Margo Berg
Betty Danielson
MJB Consulting
Rochester Schools
Kathy Bias
Donna Davis
Rosemount/Apple Valley/ Eagan Public Schools
Eden Prairie Schools George Davis
Jim Bickel
Moorhead State University
Minneapolis Public Schools Marty Davis RuthAnne Bishoff
St. Paul Public Schools
Richfield Public Schools Lynn Dosch Denise Black
Southeast ECSU
Bemidji Public Schools Teri Edwards Brad Board
Minneapolis Public Schools
Minnetonka Schools Pam Egan Deb Boros
Duluth Public Schools
Anoka-Hennepin Schools Jim Ellingson Kate Boylan
Moorhead Public Schools
Willmar Public Schools Dennis Ellingson Barbara Brown
New Ulm Public Schools
Appleton Public Schools Laurel Engman Debra Brooks-Golden
Minneapolis Public Schools
Hopkins Schools Clark Erickson Wayne Buckley
Eden Prairie Public Schools
LaPorte Schools Marilyn Erickson
Centennial Public Schools
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SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
Contributors/Reviewers (cont.) Steve Ethen
Marcia Houtz
Burnsville Public Schools
Science Museum of MN
Sharyn Fenwick
Terry Hull
Minnetonka Schools
Sauk Rapids Schools
Fred Finley
Roy Hurst
University of Minnesota
Univ. of Texas-Permian Basin
Carolyn Fruin
Kurt Hutchens
Rosemount/Apple Valley/ Eagan Public Schools
St. Cloud Schools Ken Jeddeloh
Teferi Fufa
Minneapolis Public Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools Jerry Jensen Karen Gates
LuVerne Public Schools
Sauk Rapids Schools Eileen Johansen Tom Goodwin
Robbinsdale Schools
Rosemount/Apple Valley/ Eagan Public Schools
Chelen Johnson
Breck School Ken Grantier
Bemidji Public Schools
Judy Johnson
Duluth Public Schools Marlene Gregor
St. Paul Public Schools
Tim Johnson
Kasson-Mantorville Schools David Groos
Minneapolis Public Schools
Bruce Jones
Blake School Leticia Guadarrama
Minneapolis Public Schools
Dale Karels
Minnetonka Public Schools Mark Gugisberg
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Dan Kelley
Centennial Public Schools Kathy Hagen
Roseville Area Schools
Bob Kinzel
Brainerd Public Schools Aletha Halcomb
Minneapolis Public Schools
Tom Klabachek
Mesabi East Schools R. Randall Hall
St. Paul Public Schools
Celeste Kogl
Jennifer Hanzak
Rosemount/Apple Valley/ Eagan Public Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools Leslie Kline Mark Harelstad
Burnsville Schools
Edina Public Schools Joyce Kloncz Graham Hartley
Mounds View Schools
MIGIZI Eric Koser Sherry Hastings
Waseca Public Schools
Appleton Schools Karen Kraemer Sue Hendrickson
Willmar Schools
Eveleth/Gilbert Schools David Kranz
Cambridge-Isanti Public Schools
Rosemount/Apple Valley/ Eagan Public Schools
Russ Hobbie
Carol Kronholm
University of Minnesota
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Marlene Honermann
Jan Lane
Educational Consultant
St. Louis Park Schools
Edward J. Hill
SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
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Contributors/Reviewers (cont.)
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Dan Larson
Cindy Patterson
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Chaska Public Schools
Pam Lederman
Maxine Penas
North St. Paul/Maplewood Schools
Greenbush-Middle River
Keith Leiseth
Mark Peterson
Litchfield Public Schools
Dassel/Cokato Schools
Meg Lindberg
Brad Pohlman
Burnsville Schools
Balaton Public Schools
Bob Loucks
Joe Premo
Alexandria Public Schools
Mpls. Public Schools (retired)
Mary Kay Lynch
Wayne Pikal
Burnsville Public Schools
Little Falls Schools
Sue McLean
Gary Prest
Remer Public Schools
Hopkins Schools
Lynn Martin
Bill Punyko
St. Paul Public Schools
Eveleth/Gilbert Schools
Jeff Miller
David Quam
St. Peter Schools
Chisago Lakes Schools
John Miner
Laurie Resch
Grand Rapids Schools
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Jim Minerich
Sherri Rogers
Pequot Lakes Schools
Breck School
Mike Minnema
Katie Rootes
Minneapolis Public Schools
Osseo Schools
Jeff Moon
Joe Rossow
Fergus Falls Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools
Marylin Nelson
Orville Ruud
Metro ECSU
Hamline University
Millard Neymark
Mark Ryan
St. Paul Public Schools
North St. Paul/Maplewood Schools
Jack Netland
Tom Ryerson
Osseo Schools
MN Dept. of Children, Families & Learning
Tom Noack
Pat Richards
West St. Paul Schools
St. Paul Public Schools
Lois Nokleby
Becky Salo
Farmington Schools
Sebeka Public Schools
Blaine Novak
Sue Salome
New York Mills Schools
North St. Paul/Maplewood Schools
Mary Oberg
M. J. Saviano
Minneapolis Public Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools
Jim Olson
David Schlicker
Princeton Public Schools
Zion Lutheran/Cologne, MN
John Olson
Pam Schmillen
St. Paul Public Schools
Chaska Public Schools
John O’Shea
John Schultz
Clearbrook-Gonvik Schools
Hopkins Schools
Angela Osuji
Kathy Scoggin
Minneapolis Public Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools
Karen Pape
Patty Simpson
Breck School
St. Cloud State University
MN
SciMath Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
Contributors/Reviewers (cont.) JoAnn Stark
Jennifer Voigt
Elk River Schools
West St. Paul Schools
Rick Swanson
Colleen Vollmers
Moundsview Schools
Detroit Lakes Public Schools
Bonita Talbot-Wylie
Scott Walcker
Minnetonka Schools
Forest Lake Schools
Frank Taylor
Jill Wall
Minneapolis Public Schools
St. Paul Schools
Nan Taylor
Brenda Wegscheid
Roseville Area Schools
Sebeka Public Schools
Phil Tennison
Rita Wigfield
Wayzata Schools St. Cloud State University
Minnetonka Schools Brad Wells
Elizabeth Thornton
Fairmont Public Schools
Wayzata Schools Tom Wesner Sue Townsend
Hastings Public Schools
Minneapolis Public Schools Jim Westra Jean Tushie
Moorhead Public Schools
Eden Prairie Schools Loren Wiger Rusty Uscola
Marshall Public Schools
Nevis Public Schools Nancy Zwickey Rod Vacek
Lake Crystal/Wellcome Memorial Schools
Anoka-Hennepin Schools Lynda Van Dreil
Anoka-Hennepin Schools
Other Frameworks Assistance Hall Kelley, Inc.
Graphic Design and Layout Danielle Perry
Special Editing Eva Sheie
Resource Locator
SciMathMN Minnesota K-12 Science Framework
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