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EUROPEANDTHEWORLD:

NEW ENCOUNTERS, 1500-1800

Choose the Co"ect Answer:

1.

Portuguese expansionism was inspired by

a. b. c. d. e.

2.

missionary zeal to convert the lost peoples of the Americas. a desire to catch up with the Spanish. severe droughts that had left Portugal without an adequate food supply. strong support from members of the royal family. the preaching, throughout Portugal, of Prester John.

Spanish exploration of and expansion into the New World is best exemplified by

a. Amerigo Vespucci' s circumnavigation of the globe. b. Hernan Cortes' conquest of the Aztec Empire. c. Ferdinand Magellan's conquest of the Incas. d. Vasco da Gama's successes in Calicut.

e.

3.

Francisco Pizarro's discovery of the Pacific Ocean.

The name America that was given to the New World came from Amerigo Vespucci,

a. a Spanish pirate. b. an Italian writer. c. an Italian missionary. d. a Portuguese governmental official. e. the first governor of New Spain.

4.

The Treaty of Tordesillas

a. was forced on Spain by the pope. b. showed the rising international power of France. c. divided the non-European world between Portugal and Spain. d. ended the Thirty Years' War.

e.

5.

Heman Cortes was aided in his conquest of the Aztecs by

a. b. c. d. e.

6.

had its greatest impact on North America.

Moctezuma's loss of self-confidence. other tribes hostile to the Aztecs. an outbreak of smallpox. Spanish certainty that they represented God. all of the above

The encomienda system

a. b. c. d. e.

exploited native Americans to enrich Spaniards. protected native Americans against capitalists. gave the Jesuits administrative control over the West Indies. failed to be approved in the Spanish cortes. was defended by de Ias Casas.

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7.

Bartolome de las Casas. a Dominican monk. was known for his

a. b. c. d. e.

cruel and barbarous treatment of Indians. magnificent lifestyle on a Cuban plantation. revelations about the cruel treatment of Indians under Spanish rule. creation of the Native American Catholic church. translation of Native American poetry into English.

8. The Boers were a. German mercenaries who helped the Dutch establish colonies in India. b. Dutch farmers who settled in South Africa. c. an Order of Franciscan missionaries to China. d. Dutch businessmen who developed silver mines in South Africa. e. a destructive insect that destroyed many South American crops.

9.

Trade in African slaves increased in the early sixteenth century because

a. b. c. d.

e.

wealthy Europeans came to view them as symbols of wealth. victorious African tribes sought new markets for their conquered enemies. sugar production in the West Indies demanded ever more laborers. Africans were well suited by nature to work in the tropics. no one spoke out against the slave trade.

10. One effect of the slave trade on the African nation of Benin was an increase in

a. b. c. d. e.

the overall health of the population left behind. religious devotion to traditional gods. violent attacks on European diplomats. the practice of human sacrifice. the rise of a wealthy black middle class.

11. During the seventeenth century the Dutch replaced the Portuguese and English as

a. b. c. d. e.

chief merchants of the Asian spice trade. the most successful missionaries to Africa. colonial masters of southeast Asia. managers of the sugar plantations of the West Indies. the most powerful Protestant force in the world.

12. The effects of the Seven Years' War on India was

a. b. c. d. e.

an increase of Portuguese influence. the complete withdrawal of France. independence for the city-state of Calcutta. the establishment of the Anglican Church. severe famine and a decline in population.

EUROPE AND THE WORLD: NEW ENCOUNTERS, 1500-1800

13. In 1644 China was changed by a victory of the

a. b. c. d. e.

Manchus over the Ming dynasty. British over the French. Ming dynasty over Qing raiders. Great Kahn over British troops. Christian missionaries over Muslim rulers.

14. The Tokugawa rulers of Japan

a. were Japan's first Christian dynasty. b. created the shogunate military code of conduct. c. established the longest ruling dynasty in Japanese history. d. built one of the world's largest navies.. e. lasted only a few years, until the British mandate. 15. France lost its North American empire due in part to its inability to

a. b. c. d. e.

develop institutions that suited the harsh climate. produce capable military commanders. stave off Indian attacks. get more French settlers to emigrate to the New World. fight battles in cold weather.

16. The tie between European banking and the mining industry is best illustrated by

a. b. c. d. e.

Philip fi's grant of gold mining rights in Peru to the Pizarro family. Charles I's grant of mining monopolies to Jacob Fugger. William of Orange's grant of monopolies in the Hudson Valley to the Bourse. James I's grant of monopolies to the London Company. Louis XIV's grant of monopolies in Quebec to Jacques Cartier.

17. Under the mercantile system, nations sought to increase their share of the

a. b. c. d. e.

world's gold and silver bullion holdings. number of slaves traded annually worldwide. small businesses within their countries. missionary responsibility for converting the pagans. logging and fur enterprises in North America.

18. Juana Ines de la Cruz advocated the

a. b. c. d. e.

erection of forts along the Saint Lawrence River. establishment of publishing houses to print Bibles in Native American languages. education of Native American women. equality of men and women in the New World. elevation of Mother Anna Matera to sainthood.

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19. The Jesuits in Japan annulled their early missionary successes by

a. encouraging rebellion against the imperial family. b. destroying native religious shrines. c. engaging in questionable business affairs. d. discouraging young men from becoming shogun soldiers. e. requiring converts to give up all but one of their wives. 20. The Mercator projection aided sea captains because it

a.

b. c. d. e.

gave them a perfect picture of the earth's surface. allowed them to sail at night and in bad weather. cut through ice. provided them with true lines of direction. was available in all European languages.

Complete the Following Sentences:

1.

Encouraged by the support of Prince Henry, known as the , Portuguese sailor found a sea route to India, where Alfonso established an outpost that started an empire of trade.

2.

In the Americas, Spaniard

3.

The encomienda system permitted the Spanish to use Native Americans as

-

conquered the Aztecs, while conquered the Incas. Spanish treatment of Native Americans was later publicized by the monk Bartolome

also required them to

4.

n

them and see to their

African slaves were packed into cargo ships took as least

to .

day, during which time an average of

but needs.

per ship for voyages that % of them died.

5.

Sir Robert Clive began the British consolidation of power in defeated a much larger Mughal-led army at

6.

In 1793Britain's Lord pressed the Chinese government to open cities other than for foreign trade; but he was rebuffed by Emperor

7.

Japanese fears of foreign influence led first to their expulsion of regulation that Dutch traders could visit only the port of months per year.

8.

The thirteen British North American colonies had their own ; and their merchants and all British attempts at colonial regulation.

9.

The mercantile system assumed that the volume of trade was and that economic activity was a form of to determine which nations would prosper at the of others.

10.

The way European expansion affected the ecology of conquered lands is demonstrated by the introduction of beef into the Americas, into the West Indies, and American into Africa.

when his army of

and then to the for no more than

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ANSWER KEY

CHAPTER

14

Matching

Completion

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. to.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B J E C I H F D A G

navigator, Vasco da Gama, de Albuquerque Heman Cortes, Francesco Pizarro, de Las Casas Laborers, protect, spiritual 300,450,100,10 Bengal, 3,000, Plassey Macartney, Canton, Qianlong missionaries, Nagasaki, three legislatures, resented, resisted unchangeable, war, expense cattle, cane sugar, maize

Multiple Choice

Chronology

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. to.

d b b c e a c b c d

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

a b a c d b a c b c

Dias around Africa: 1488 Tordesillas: 1494 First slaves to America: 1518 Champlain in Quebec: 1608 Dutch seize Malacca: 1641 Plassey: 1757 French cede Canada: 1763