e n r E g e y Watchit h T Activity book

Book

Division of Science Victoria

2

home e h t n i ergy

En

It’s dark outside. You are home alone. You have only your dog, Fred, to talk to so you decide to make things more cheerful. You turn on the light. You put your favourite CD on. You warm the room by turning on the heater. In less time than you can blink, the light comes on. You flick the switch, and there it is. You push a button, and the music plays. You turn a dial and the heater comes on.

But what makes these things work? Energy can be in the form of electricity or gas. It can light your house. It plays music and runs your refrigerator and heater. Perhaps in your home it cooks your food and washes and dries your clothes.

2

g r e y n e w o h s i s i Th is used in the home

Hot water heating

Room heating (50%) and cooling (1%)

25%

51%

Refrigeration

9%

Cooking

Lighting and Other appliances

8%

7%

3

Energy in the past Look at these appliances • Tick the ones your family uses. • In the second column, tick the appliances your parents used when they were children. • In the third column, tick the ones your grandparents used. • In the last column, find out what your grandparents used in place of each appliance. Appliance Dishwasher Microwave oven Oven Blender Electric can opener Food processor Coffee maker Toaster Slow cooker Refrigerator Vacuum cleaner Clothes dryer Heater Water heater Colour TV B&W TV CD player Power saw Electric blanket Hair dryer Electric shaver Room air conditioner Electric fan Garbage disposal in sink Globe lights Fluorescent light Sewing machine Electric iron Computer DVD player

4

Your Family

Parents

Grandparents

Your great-great-great grandparents would have thought electricity was some magical power, and natural gas from the sea was unheard of. Unlike them, you don’t have to light candles to read at night. You don’t have to dry your hair in the wind, unless you want to, and Fred’s dog meat stays fresh in the refrigerator. You can even watch TV and play computer games.

What was used instead of this appliance?

WATCHIT World Energy is an important part of our lives. Some people, however, have horrible little habits which gobble up lots of energy. Not too far from where you live is a place called WATCHIT World. The people living there had been put under a terrible spell. This made them gobble up lots of precious energy. Don’t worry! Since the WATCHITs have moved in, the spell has been broken. Come into WATCHIT World and meet the WATCHITs.

Join the dots and meet Eddie and his pet WATCHIT.

5

m e e l ntary t e n a s ’ hought: Here Choose the right element for the pot. Big for big, small for small, it’s not difficult at all.

L

A

F LL

O

SIZ E

TE.

A

A

TO

T CH

M A

POT

THE

P

OT S

PLA

T

E

S

6

A R GE

W

THE T PL H T E O H . Y G ER EN

A S TE

A

ON

What WATCHIT message does the spiral contain?

S

M

nd its way fi t s a o t e h t p l He aster o t e h t o t Overdone toast is such a waste. And that’s not to anyone’s taste.

7

ights bur l e h t e v ning a e l t ’ n Do if you’re not retu

rning

Every third word in this message is the real WATCHIT message. He said when you and you are through, leave all by the very end room. The moon’s at rest this night and day, remember all this to night. Just turn and take off. Save all the energy, switch lights off. 8

h g i t l s burnin e h t e g v a e l Don’t if you’re not re turning Unjumble the WATCHIT’s message. nWeh royu VT twachnig si gtrhohu ntru eht tse fof dna eht dc lapyer oto.

I don’t want to go on if you leave me. 9

1.

NUTR FOF ETH STHLGI

2.

KEPE EHT SILD NO

3.

TUP A PERJUM NO DNSIEI

4.

CELSO HET NUISTACR TA NGHIT

5.

XIF A RIPD

6.

TEL HET WERINT SIENUHSN IN

7.

ESCOL EHT VEON OROD

8.

EVAH A HFLA TAHB

Unscramble each of the clue words. Take the letters that appear in for the final message. E 10

Y

and unscramble them

V

Y

Created with Puzzlemaker on DiscoverySchool.com

s y a s t i h Watc

o i s n i s c e d r o o d n e p O waste electricity What horrible little habits can you see in this picture?

1. 2. 3.

Don’t make your heater work harder than it has to. Let hot foods cool before placing them in the refrigerator.

Put on a jumper instead. 11

e l b m a r U ns c

Unscramble the tiles to reveal a message.

Created with Puzzlemaker on DiscoverySchool.com

12

water tap wi t o h a th the d See r ips, D r o a d m u t o M fix it qu g et i c k. r e i h s s a a ll it tak w w e n es to A p i f r rom be d e h t ing a wa stop ste. Use the clues to fill in the crosswords. Then read the messages from WATCHIT World. 1. First letter of the alphabet 2. Another word for dripping

1

3. Opposite to cold

2

4. ___ covers 2/3 of earth’s surface 5. You must turn it off

L

3

6. Rhymes with pastes 7. We need to save

5

T

4

6

W 7

E

Need just a cup? Why fill the kettle up? 13

i ng or tw h t a t s u j o g n i h a s t w Was er out of y a s e k a m ou When there isn’t room for one thing more, turn on the washer, but not before. This is also true for the dishwasher. A=1

D=4

G=7

J=10

M=13 P=16

S=19

V=22

Y=25

B=2

E=5

K=11

N=14 Q=17 T=20

W=23 Z=26

C=3

F=6

O=15 R=18

I=9

L=12

H=8

U=21 X=24

Break the codes 19 1 22 5

3 12 15 20 8 5 19

21 14 20 9 12

25 15 21

have one full load instead of several small loads. 20 1 11 5

1

19 8 15 23 5 18

1 14 4

19 1 22 5

16 15 23 5 18 If you don’t have a shower fill the bath half way. Save hot water for another day. Save energy, take a short shower.

The average shower lasting 5 minutes uses only half as much water as a full bath. 14

Kids quiz

Do you like riddles? Good! Here’s a page of them to answer. Read each question and write your answer in the space underneath.

To find out if you’ve solved the riddle, just hold the page up to a mirror and you’ll see all the answers at the bottom of the page. The drawings will give you clues.

1. What did the light bulb say to the light switch?

2. What happens to a wall socket when it gets cold? 3. How can you tell when a kettle is angry?

4. What did the sink say to the leaky tap?

5. Why does the air-conditioner wear sunglasses?

6. What is the stove’s favourite song?

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HIT Wor C T A W e s l d rules e h t d n i F aze m e h t in Circle the rules using different colours. You may use a letter more than once to make another word. 1. Wear warm clothes inside in winter.

2. Turn heating down.

3. Shut drapes, blinds and door.

4. Take a shower, save energy.

5. Turn lights off when you leave a room.

6. Think before you open a door.

w a r m b t u r n t m n v t a t h i n k b c

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e k r t c n l p d f e i g u j b e f o r e l

a m s l l p h o s h u t h r n p y o u k m d

r n o p o r e q s t v r d n t o p e n p a o

b d q u t b a u x a v w r n l i g h t s q o

u j w v h o t b e h j l a r v j l o k m n r

s x a b e n i d c a i r p s o f f a w h e n

e c g t s h t e s m a e n g e f g a p q o k m n e s p q u y r o u u s e v t b d o u c f

e b d i i f u d o w n y f b x g w l e a v e

f z h b a t a b c y t i f g z e u h s u n s h l n s i d e m s i n t v w w b a w i n n t b b o g a a o a m s b k l f s h x e m g a p v f a b v c m o g i e h l i n d s a y w e h i z h l o c a q a m o d n a i r n o d o j o q e n h y o a z o i k m x v r k u o b m p e

f o p i q r t h p o w e r b g g b d o o r s

g n s g o n e i l w v d j k c f l m c t j w

j l r h p t r f p e l e l o d p q n r d u y

k e q t s w h e n r e n e r g y o u e c a n

rible little ha r o h y n a bits m w o H n you fin

ca

d?

Look at how much energy this family is wasting! There is at least one horrible habit happening in each room.

Circle them when you see them. Maybe you can find them all. Then hold the page up to a mirror to see the answers.

.kcos eno hsaw ot enihcam gnihsaw eht gnisu si namow ehT .2 .citta eht ni noitalusni yna t’nsi erehT .1 :srewsnA htab lluf oot eht ni nam ehT .5 .nepo rood rotaregirfer eht gnipeek si god ehT .4 otatop eno tsuj ekab ot no si nevo ehT .3 nerdlihc ehT .7 !etsaw a tahW .gnippird si moorhtab eht ni pat retaw toh ehT .6 .retaw toh evas dna rewohs a ekat dluohs gnipeels ehT .9 !oot nepo tfel si wodniw ehT .hgih oot tes si retaeh ehT .8 .ti gnihctaw ton era yeht tub ,no VT eht tfel evah .tuo taeh eht gnittel ,nepo si rood tnorf ehT .01 .no sthgil eht dna VT eht tfel sah nam

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y g r e n e The T game I H C T A W 71

72

73 You filled 74

What you need to play 1 dice 1 counter for each player e.g. coloured buttons

75

76

66

65 Instead

the bath over half way. Go back 3.

70

69

68 Turn off

67

the radio for a while. You’ll hear music of a different style. Move ahead 4.

47

48 Fill the

49

of watching TV, colour in a bumble bee. Move along 3.

50

bath just half way. Save the water for another day.

46

45

51 You need 52 a cup. Why fill the kettle up. Go back 2.

44 Open a

43

42

refrigerator door only when you know what you’re looking for. Go to 52.

23

24

25

41 More plugs than a socket can use can blow a fuse. Miss a turn.

26

27 If you

28

shower to save energy, skip this one.

22 Forget to 21

20

19

turn the CD player off? It goes round for evermore and you go to 14.

1 Close the door, jump 2 more.

18

18 You saw a dripping hot water tap – you got Mum and Dad to fix it fast. Go to 26.

2 Turned off the lights on leaving the room. You’ll move ahead soon.

3

4 Put a jumper on inside in winter – have an extra turn.

5

How to play To decide the order of play, each player tosses the dice. The first will the highest number on the dice. The next highest toss will be second and so on. If two players throw the same number, they will toss again. To finish, the winning player must throw the exact number to reach the finish box.

77

78

79

64

63

62

53 Turned

54

55

the dishwasher on when there was room for more. Go back to 49.

40

You’re an Energy WATCHIT.

61 Element 60

59 Using

is too big for the saucepan. Go back 4.

Mum’s hairdryer to play space guns… is expensive fun. Go back 4.

56 You see

57

58

a kettle boiling for tea. Go tell someone and skip 3.

39

38

37

36 You used 35 the sun’s light. Have another turn.

29

30 Overdone 31

32

33

toast is such a waste. Miss a turn.

17

16

34 A frayed cord that’s ignored. Tell Mum. Have another turn.

15

14

13 Turn

12

your heater off when not in the room.

6

7 You had a short shower to save energy – skip this one.

8

9 You forgot

10

11

to switch the light off – go back 3.

19

e v a s r o e t s a W Here is a list of situations. Some are horrible little energy gobbling habits which waste energy. Others, however, are energy savers that watch it and save energy. Write the word ‘waste’ or ‘save’ next to each of the situations below.

SITUATIONS Wear warm clothes in winter Leave the front door and windows open in winter Heat all the rooms in the house even though you are only using two of them At night close curtains Let the sunshine in, in winter Insulate your home Have a bath full of water Rinse all the dishes with running hot water Fix a dripping hot water tap Wash dishes in the dishwasher after every snack or meal Fill the kettle up with water for two cups of tea Leave hot water system on while on holidays Cook food with lids on saucepans Use oven as a room heater Cook extra food every time you use the oven Place clothes in a dryer on a nice day Leave on lights Use fluorescent lights instead of globes Switch off TV when no-one is watching Iron everything you wear Place the refrigerator next to the stove or by the radiator

20

WASTE OR SAVE

Investigation 2 s r c t u o o r s d t a n a n l d u i n s o C Find some conductors and some insulators.

You need: • Small torch bulb • Masking tape

dult a n a Ask lp you e to h

• Three lengths of covered wire with each end stripped about one centimetre to expose wires • C battery Collection of bits and pieces such as skewer, rubber band, aluminium, spoon, eraser, string, paper clip, plastic strip, pencil.

1.

Make a circuit.

2.

Detach one wire from the battery and attach a third wire in its place.

3.

Between the two free ends make a connection using one of the bits and pieces.

Safety: Do NOT touch or use any electricity that plugs into the wall or a socket. 21

Which things allow a flow of electrons through them? Which interrupt the flow? Conductors (allow flow)

Insulators (interrupt flow)

What do condu ctors have in commo n? What do insula tors have in commo n? Look at home: What electricity safety measures are around your house? Are there rubber and plastic items that protect you from the flow of electricity?

Ask an electrician what safety clothes and tools he or she uses. What are these made from?

Safety: Do NOT touch or use any electricity that plugs into the wall or a socket. 22

H

i t o a n m r o f n i l u f p l e

s t n e r a p d n a for teachers

These suggestions will help you provide assistance when children attempt the investigation activity (pages 21 and 22). The investigation is broadly suitable for children in Years 3 & 4.

INVESTIGATION 2 - Conductors and insulators Activity focus: Explore materials that are conductors and materials that are insulators. SAFETY WARNING: Do NOT touch or use any electricity that plugs into the wall or a socket. Materials Basic set for each child

Alternatively

• •

• • •

• •

Small torch bulb Three lengths of covered wire with each end stripped about one centimetre to expose wires Masking tape C battery

• •

A small bulb Bulb holder Three lengths of wires with crocodile clips at each end C battery Thick rubber band

Plus: Bits and pieces such as a skewer, rubber band, aluminium, spoon, eraser, string, paper clip, plastic strip, pencil. These are used to test for conductivity. Note: Test which materials allow electrons to flow through (conductors) and which interrupt the flow (insulators), using the basic circuit idea from Investigation 1 in Watchit book 1. Make your circuit and then detach one wire from the battery. Attach a third wire and between the two free wire ends (or crocodile clips) make a connection using one of the bits and pieces. The activity: Using the bits and pieces, test which materials allow a flow of electrons through them. Classify them by dividing the items into two groups (conductors and insulators) then repeat with a different material. Ask: What do conductors have in common? (Metals) What do insulators have in common? (Non-metals) Allow children to experiment until they discover what works. Skills: Predicting, Experimenting, Classifying. Some useful facts: A current is the flow of electrons in a circuit. The size or strength of the current depends on the resistance. Conductors have free electrons that move all the time with little or no resistance. Metals such as copper are good conductors. Most non-metallic solids (eg wood) are good insulators because they have very high resistance to the flow of electrons through them.

Remember: Make sure children are supervised at all times and only use battery electricity. More information: Try http://www.andythelwell.com/blobz/ for a fun way to learn more about circuits.

23

Remember WATCHIT

Division of Science Victoria

Activities reviewed and updated by STAV Publishing (Division of Science Victoria). Investigations written by Dr Suzanne Peterson.