Workshop Emissions from Livestock 09:35-09:50 Pigs: state of the art in Flanders H. Van Langenhove, UGent 09:50-10:05 Sectorview on priorities – T. Degroote, Inagro

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Some key figures agriculture Belgium 2012 Numbers of animals butchered

Numbers of animals

19

0.2 0.4

cattle

12 M

horses sheep pigs 80.4

www.statbel.fgov.be

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www.statbel.fgov.be

Average economic value over 2009-2012 M€

Animal products: 4181.9 M€

cattle

1228.8

Vegetable products: 3452.8 M€

pigs

1497.0

poultry

420.3

Geographical distribution in Flanders

l. louwagie Workshop 2015.10.05

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Trends in pig farming  total number of pigs is decreasing ~ 10 % in 15 y

 number of farms is decreasing drastically ~ 50 % in 15 y  average number of pigs per farm almost doubled in the same period  ongoing changes in legislation  MAP1 MAP5  PAS  Evaluation of working permit applications ….

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An example: a few year ago

 renewed interest in odour emissions from livestock production in Flanders  Driving force: regulation (manure treatment)  Increased number of proposals for new farms or increasing number of pigs  Regulators versus farmers: odour emission criteria for impact assessment (EF and researchers) urgent need for building up scientific knowledge join forces and means coordinated actions Workshop 2015.10.05

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Vemis: Founding partner

No formal structure but common interest and goals To guarantee a quick start up input of own means: financial, personal, infrastructure …

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Mission The consortium aims at building up research capacity and knowledge and dissemination knowledge related to air emission from intensive animal farming including the stimulation of innovative approaches and will act as the expertise center for stakeholders in this sector in Flanders Focus: Air emissions in intensive animal farming: ammonia, odor, particulate matter, green house gases with priority on odorous emissions.

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 Endurable agriculture in an sustainable rural environment  Endurable agriculture included animal  Good environmental quality also with respect to air emissions

 Moving towards balances  

What is necessary to keep environmental impact under control What is achievable for the sector taking account of economic realities

 Air emissions form agriculture: a range of knowledge gaps

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The stakeholders: important partners in determining priorities

RESEARCH

CONSULTANTS

AUTHORITIES

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FARMERS

FEED PRODUCERS

CONSTRUCTORS

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Complexity of the problem

odour

Multi pollutant Multi effect Multi scale Policy dynamics

GHG

PM

Ammonia

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pollutant

scale

effect

priority

ammonia

EU

acidification

VH  VH

follow up

PM

EU

health

M  VH

building up

odor

local

nuisance

H  VH

gaps

GHG

global

climate change

L  VH

Building up

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pollutant

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OUTDOOR “pre”

OUTDOOR “post”

Air emissions INDOOR

ventilation system

Air treatment system

EMISSION S

AMMONIA - PM - ODOR - GHG

feed

feed system

animal

housing

urine

manure

manure handling

land

Example 1: pollutant behavior VOC – PM interaction Interaction of odorous volatile organic compounds with airborne particulate matter Research approach Chemical characterization of pig dust Physical characterization of pig dust Particle-to-gas partitioning of odorous organic compounds Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry

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Example 2: ventilation VOC interaction Aarhus - UGent 30 fattening pigs Concrete ‘fully slatted’ floor 3 locations for ventilation air extraction

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PTR-MS

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Different characteristics response for different pollutants

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Example 3: partition coefficients DynAb

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Input for discussion  progress has to be made in a thorough scientific understanding of the dynamics and behavior of pollutants in farming systems  the hard way of getting trough experimental measurements is necessary (modelling is nice but is only a tool)  accurate and reliable data are still difficult to get in a number of situations  given the large number of factors involved and the multipollutant situation prioritization is necessary but pending on “non”scientific factor

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