William Reese Company

William Reese Company Rare Books, Americana, Literature & Pictorial Americana 409 Temple Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511 203 / 789 · 8081 fax: 20...
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William Reese Company Rare Books, Americana, Literature & Pictorial Americana 409 Temple Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511 203 / 789 · 8081 fax: 203 / 865 · 7653 e-mail: [email protected] web: www.williamreesecompany.com

Bulletin 43: Cartography The Atlas of the Revolution 1. Jefferys, Thomas: THE AMERICAN ATLAS: OR, A GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WHOLE CONTINENT OF AMERICA; WHEREIN ARE DELINEATED AT LARGE ITS SEVERAL REGIONS, COUNTRIES, STATES, AND ISLANDS; AND CHIEFLY THE BRITISH COLONIES. . . . London. 1782. [4]pp. plus twenty-three engraved maps on thirty-one sheets (eighteen folding, eleven double-page), all handcolored in outline. Half speckled calf and marbled boards, spine with raised bands, bands and ornaments tooled in gilt, leather label. Title somewhat soiled, early ownership inscription at top. Minor edge wear and edge soiling to some maps; a few minor instances of foxing. A few closed tears, not affecting images, neatly repaired. A handsome, near fine copy.

The American Atlas is the most important 18th-century atlas for America. Walter Ristow describes it as a “geographical description of the whole continent of America, as portrayed in the best available maps in the latter half of the eighteenth century . . . as a major cartographic reference work it was, very likely, consulted by American, English, and French civilian administrators and military officers during the Revolution.” As a collection, The American Atlas stands as the most comprehensive, detailed, and accurate survey of the American colonies at the beginning of the Revolution. $140,000.

2. Beers, S. N.; D. J. Lake; and F. W. Beers: GILLETTE’S MAP OF ONEIDA Co. NEW YORK FROM ACTUAL SURVEYS UNDER THE DIRECTION OF J. H. FRENCH. Philadelphia. 1858. Wall map, 66½ x 64 inches, in full period color. Expertly restored, backed with modern linen, trimmed in green cloth, on contemporary rollers. Chip at left end of upper roller. Evenly toned, some minor staining in upper portion. Very good.

A handsome map of Oneida County, New York, famous in the 1820s and ’30s as a hotbed of religious revivalism, and vitalized by the construction of the Erie Canal. The route of the Erie Canal is shown, as are several railroad lines. Utica is shown in a large inset map, giving much detail of the town and buildings, accompanied by an extensive business directory. More than thirty smaller insets show various towns, and seven engravings along the border show prominent homes and buildings in the region. Scarce. $3850.

An Important Revolutionary Era Florida Map 3. Blamey, Jacob: A PLAN OF AMELIA HARBOUR AND BARR IN EAST FLORIDA. Survey’d in Jany. 1775. By Jacob Blamey, Master of His Majesty’s Schooner St. John. London. 1776. Single sheet, 29 x 22 inches. Some light toning and offsetting. Very good.

A highly important chart of the entrance into the St. Mary’s River, showing the soundings, shoals and navigational details, as well as Tiger Island, Marteirs Islands, part of Amelia and Cumberland Islands, and the ruins of Fort William, which was built by James Oglethorpe. This chart was originally published in the second part of The North-American Pilot. $12,500.

First Edition of Blaskowitz’s Famed Revolutionary War Map of Narragansett Bay 4. Blaskowitz, Charles: A TOPOGRAPHICAL CHART OF THE BAY OF NARRAGANSET IN THE PROVINCE OF NEW ENGLAND WITH ALL THE ISLES CONTAINED THEREIN, AMONG WHICH RHODE ISLAND AND CONNONICUT [sic] HAVE BEEN PARTICULARLY SURVEYED . . . TO WHICH HAS BEEN ADDED THE SEVERAL WORKS AND BATTERIES RAISED BY THE AMERICANS. . . . London. July 22, 1777. Engraved map, dissected into 16 sections at a contemporary date. Sheet size: 37 x 25⅛ inches. Linen backing renewed. Expert restoration at corners. Else very good.

An elegant and detailed map of the Rhode Island coast and its treacherous waters, surveyed by Charles Blaskowitz. “It is certain that the British, after occupying Newport at the end of 1776, used this map for their operations in this pivotal area. The detail shown is remarkable, including even the names of farmers on their land locations”—Nebenzahl. The map was sold separately, as this sectioned case map copy, or within some copies of Faden’s North American Atlas. $18,500.

5. Bradford, Thomas Gamaliel: AN ILLUSTRATED ATLAS, GEOGRAPHICAL, STATISTICAL, AND HISTORICAL, OF THE UNITED STATES, AND THE ADJACENT COUNTRIES. Boston & Cincinnati. [1838]. Engraved additional title with integral handcolored decorative pictorial surround, thirty-nine handcolored engraved maps and town plans. Folio. Contemporary light brown half morocco over embossed cloth-covered boards, brown morocco title label on the upper cover, spine gilt. Very good. Provenance: Theodore Sutton Parvin (1817–1901, Burlington, Iowa, inscription dated August 15, 1838 on additional title).

A fine copy of “one of the first American general atlases to supplement the maps with lengthy geographical descriptions” (Ristow), with detailed maps of the twenty-eight states, and including an excellent early map of the Republic of Texas. Unlike many atlases of the period, the present work includes extensive text. Each engraving is accompanied by explanatory articles on the history, economics, and geography of the area, as well as a great deal of contemporary statistical information. $13,000.

6. Burr, David: MAP OF THE STATE OF NEW-YORK WITH PARTS OF THE ADJACENT COUNTRY, EMBRACING PLANS OF THE CITIES, AND SOME OF THE LARGER VILLAGES. Ithaca, N.Y. 1841. Wall map, 44½ x 54¼ inches, with full period hand color. Backed with modern linen, trimmed in green cloth, varnished, and on contemporary rollers. With a few creases and some slight darkening, but generally very good.

A revised edition of an important map of New York State. It originally appeared in the first edition of Burr’s Atlas of the State of New York (1829), which was authorized by the Legislature of the State and was only the second atlas of an American state to appear in print. The rights to the Atlas of the State of New York were subsequently purchased by Stone and Clark, who in 1841 brought out this updated, wall size map. $8500.

A Seminal American Atlas 7. Carey, Henry Charles, and Isaac Lea: A COMPLETE HISTORICAL, CHRONOLOGICAL, AND GEOGRAPHICAL AMERICAN ATLAS, BEING A GUIDE TO THE HISTORY OF NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND THE WEST INDIES. . . . Philadelphia. 1822. Mounted on guards throughout. [6],18pp. plus forty-six double-page handcolored engraved maps; uncolored double-page engraved view showing the heights of mountains throughout the world; handcolored engraved table showing the lengths of the principal rivers worldwide; and five letterpress tables. Expertly bound to style in half dark blue calf over contemporary marbled paper covered boards, spine gilt. Very good.

First edition of one of the most important early atlases printed in the United States: a handsome atlas of the Americas, with individual color maps of each state in the Union, including a seminal map of the West by Stephen H. Long. Fielding Lucas, the major Baltimore printer, was the principal engraver, and substantial historical background text accompanies each map. $14,500.

The First American Atlas 8. Clark, Matthew: [A COMPLETE SET OF CHARTS OF THE COAST OF AMERICA FROM CAPE BRETON TO THE ENTRANCE OF THE GULPH OF MEXICO]. [Boston. 1790]. Eighteen map sheets engraved by Joseph H. Seymour (fl. 1791–1822) or John Norman (1748–1817), joined to form nine large irregularly–shaped charts, each within an archival quality mat. Letterpress dedication, with text and certificate of recommendation (amended and signed in manuscript by Osgood Carleton) on the verso. Matted. Very good.

Printed Americana of the greatest rarity: a highly important marine atlas and an outstanding example of enterprise and artistry from the early Federal era. “The first totally American production of its kind. . . . Previous to this period atlases had been used, added to, yet hardly revised for generations . . . [this atlas] is a good example of . . . Federal America’s growth, grasp of new technology, and enterprise . . . [it] was a significant step between the earlier singly produced area maps and subsequent

works leading to the geodetic surveys of the nineteenth century”—Garvan. Of only eight known copies of this atlas, seven are in American institutional libraries. No copy is listed as having sold at auction in the last sixty years, and this copy (deaccessioned from the Philadelphia Free Library) is likely to be the last complete example that is ever offered on the open market. $650,000.

Third Edition, with Information on the Louisiana Purchase 9. Carey, Mathew: CAREY’S AMERICAN POCKET ATLAS; CONTAINING TWENTY MAPS . . . WITH A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF EACH STATE, AND OF LOUISIANA . . . Third Edition, Greatly Improved and Enlarged. Philadelphia. 1805. 2pp. subscriber’s list. Twenty engraved maps, two folding letterpress tables. Contemporary tree sheep, spine gilt, red morocco label. Very good. In a half brown morocco box.

First published in 1796, this is among the best early guides to the infant United States. This third edition is significant for its new cartographic and textual information relating to the Louisiana Purchase and its map of the region published during the Lewis and Clark expedition. $8500.

The Early Days of Oil in Pennsylvania 10. Cring, Henry: Krebs, Otto (printer): CALDWELL’S ILLUSTRATED, HISTORICAL, COMBINATION ATLAS OF CLARION COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Condit, Oh. 1877. 231 numbered pages, though with erratic page numbering. Numerous handcolored lithographed maps and views, and a large folding map of the county. Modern black cloth, preserving cloth from the original upper cover. Folding map linen–backed repairing large tears, scattered minor repairs. Else good.

This is one of four atlases of Western Pennsylvania counties, all lithographed and handcolored by Otto Krebs of Pittsburgh. The atlas is noteworthy for the presence of over 170 colored lithographic views of farms, factories, stores, churches and bustling street scenes which offer a unique vision of all aspects of life in 19th-century Pennsylvania oil country. $8500.

The Rare First State of a Des Barres Chart 11. Des Barres, J.F.W.: [CHART OF THE COAST OF GEORGIA]. [London. 1780]. Aquatint and line engraving, period hand-coloring. Sheet size: 31¼ x 23⅞ inches. Minor age toning, minor chips at sheet edges, else very good.

The very rare first state of Des Barres’ chart of the coast of Georgia, from The Atlantic Neptune, one of the finest large scale sea atlases of the United States and Canadian Atlantic coastline ever produced. This very rare first state is larger than the subsequent two states, without any detail added to the South Carolina coast and without the inset in the lower right corner added in or after 1780. $22,500.

A Rare Southern Des Barres Chart 12. Des Barres, Joseph F. Wallet: A CHART OF THE BAY AND HARBOUR OF PENSACOLA IN THE PROVINCE OF WEST FLORIDA SURVEYED BY GEORGE GAULD A.M. London. Aug. 1, 1780. Copper–engraved sea chart with aquatint, and details heightened in original color. Sheet size: 21½ x 29⅞ inches. Very good.

A very rare and highly important sea chart of Pensacola Harbor from The Atlantic Neptune, the finest marine atlas of North America’s east coast, produced during the

Revolutionary War. Des Barres based this rendering on manuscript survey maps by British military engineer George Gauld. $22,500.

Detailed Maps of the Entire District of Columbia 13. [District of Columbia]: MAPS OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND CITY OF WASHINGTON, AND PLATS OF THE SQUARES AND LOTS OF THE CITY OF WASHINGTON. PRINTED IN PURSUANCE OF A RESOLUTION OF THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. Washington. 1852. [1],159 leaves printed on recto only, plus three folding maps. Folio. Modern three-quarter calf, marbled boards. Largest of the folding maps with a small mended tear and a few edge tears, but with no loss. Very good.

An amazing cartographic study of Washington, D.C. in the decade before the Civil War. The folding maps show the “Territory of Columbia”; “Plan of the City of Washington in the Territory of Columbia . . . ,” and a large, highly detailed map of the city with a list of special attractions referenced on the map. The 159 numbered leaves of the book correspond to the number squares on the large “key” map. A handsome plat atlas of Washington, D.C. $6000.

Open War Breaks Out in the South: The British Move to Seize Charleston 14. Faden, William: A PLAN OF THE ATTACK OF FORT SULIVAN [sic], NEAR CHARLES TOWN IN SOUTH CAROLINA. BY A SQUADRON OF HIS MAJESTY’S SHIPS, ON THE 28th JUNE 1776. WITH THE DISPOSITION OF THE KING’S LAND FORCES, AND THE ENCAMPMENTS AND ENTRENCHMENTS OF THE REBELS FROM THE DRAWINGS MADE ON THE SPOT. London. Aug. 10, 1776. Copper-engraved map, engraved one-line dedication to Sir Peter Parker and letterpress text in two columns beneath the map. Inset plan of the fort. Sheet size: 20⅞ x 16½ inches. Very good.

On June 28, 1776 open war began in the South, as British ships shelled Fort Sullivan at the mouth of Charleston harbor. This map depicts the engagement. $13,500.

The Earliest Obtainable Map to Name Illinois 15. Gardiner, John: MAP OF THE BOUNTY LANDS IN ILLINOIS TERRITORY. [Washington. 1817]. Engraved map, 20¾ x 16¾ inches. Old folds. Two period manuscript additions near the lower neat line, identifying the locations of St. Louis and the Missouri River. Very good.

An early and important map of Illinois Territory. This is the earlier of two issues of the map, without the printed township grid found in the later issue. “This is the first map that Phillips lists under Illinois, and it is perhaps the first map showing a considerable part of Illinois with ‘Illinois’ in the title”—Streeter. $9500. 16. Gascoigne, John, and William Faden: A PLAN OF PORT ROYAL IN SOUTH CAROLINA. SURVEY’D BY CAPN. JOHN GASCOIGNE. London. [1776]. Copper-engraved chart. Sheet size: 32½ x 25⅔ inches. In excellent condition, on a full untrimmed sheet.

First state of this rare, very finely engraved and immensely detailed chart, which was superior to all other maps printed of the region, and the most important portrayal of the Port Royal Sound available in the early days of the Revolutionary War. The map embraces today’s Beaufort County, with the Sound’s excellent natural harbor,

formed by the numerous Sea Islands, which are separated from each other by an elaborate web of tidal channels. This chart would most certainly have been used by Revolutionary-era commanders in formulating their battle plans. $5750.

17. Geil, Samuel: MAP OF SARATOGA CO. NEW YORK FROM ACTUAL SURVEYS. . . . Philadelphia. 1856. Wall map, 37½ x 56½ inches, with extensive contemporary color. Six engraved pictorial insets plus sixteen map insets. Expertly restored, backed with modern linen, trimmed in maroon cloth, on contemporary rollers. Color bright and clean. Very good.

A lovely wall map of Saratoga County, featuring attractive engravings of illustrious local mansions and inset maps of larger localities such as Saratoga Springs, Jessup’s Landing, and Schuylerville. Geil, a noted upstate surveyor, participated in numerous similar projects with a host of different publishers, specializing almost exclusively in large format, ornate county maps. Geil’s success no doubt rested on the popularity of “local mapping,” a sort of blending of detailed cartography and local scenes. $3850.

An Important Map of the Pacific Northwest 18. Habersham, Robert A.: J.K. GILL & COs. MAP OF OREGON & WASHINGTON TER. Portland. 1878. Handcolored folding map, 39½ x 29 inches; folded to 6¼ x 4¼ inches. Minor wear at some folds, but near fine. In original brown cloth covers, stamped in gilt.

A handsome map of Oregon and Washington Territory. Oregon split off from Washington Territory and became a state in 1859, though Washington did not gain statehood until 1889. This detailed map shows many communities, towns and cities, as well as Indian reservations, railroad lines finished and proposed, and more. $4250.

The First, “Bon,” Issue 19. Hennepin, Louis: A NEW DISCOVERY OF A VAST COUNTRY IN AMERICA, EXTENDING ABOVE FOUR THOUSAND MILES, BETWEEN NEW FRANCE AND NEW MEXICO; WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE GREAT LAKES . . . WITH A CONTINUATION, GIVING AN ACCOUNT OF THE ATTEMPTS OF THE SIEUR DE LA SALLE UPON THE MINES OF ST. BARBE, &c. THE TAKING OF QUEBEC BY THE ENGLISH. . . . London. 1698. Two volumes bound in one. [22],299,[1],[32],178,[2],303–355pp. plus two folding maps and seven plates (six of them folding) including the frontis. Contemporary calf, spine gilt. Contemporary bookplate on front pastedown. Minor foxing. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case.

The first issue of the English translation, known as the “Bon issue,” with plates and typography improved, after the original of 1697. The maps are of great importance for the cartography of the Midwest. $9000.

The Rare Map of a Critical Revolutionary Battle 20. Hills, John, and William Faden: SKETCH OF THE SURPRISE AT GERMAN TOWN BY THE AMERICAN FORCES COMMANDED BY GENERAL WASHINGTON OCTOBER 4th 1777. London. March 12, 1784. Copper-engraved map in full original wash color, with troop positions heightened in original color. Sheet size: 22⅜ x 27⅞ inches. Very good.

Hills’ magnificent plan of the Battle of Germantown, the only printed map of one of Washington’s most daring attacks at a critical moment in the Revolutionary War. While the British were initially put on the defensive by General Washington’s central columns, General Stephen’s lamentable effort to follow through on the planned pincer movement essentially sealed the fate of the enterprise and effectively ended the active part of the campaign. The British were able to spend the coming months enjoying a secured Philadelphia, while Washington and his men were to endure a winter in purgatory at Valley Forge. $20,000.

21. Hopkins, G.H.: CLARK & TACKABURYS’ NEW TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT. COMPILED FROM NEW AND ACCURATE SURVEYS OF EACH COUNTY, AND THE UNITED STATES TRIGONOMETRICAL SURVEYS OF LONG ISLAND SOUND. Philadelphia. 1860. Wall map, 53 x 68½ inches, in full period hand-color. Expertly repaired, backed with modern linen, trimmed in blue cloth, on contemporary rollers. In very nice condition.

A lovely wall map of the state of Connecticut, first issued in 1859. Nine inset maps provide detailed plans of the cities of Middletown, Waterbury, Stamford, Norwalk, New London, Bridgeport, Hartford, Norwich, and New Haven. The mapping of the Connecticut coastline is especially fine, giving depths for the entire stretch of Long Island Sound and showing the several islands lying off the coast. Not in Phillips’ Maps. $2750.

Unusual English Case Map of North America 22. Johnston, Alexander K.: STANFORD’S LIBRARY MAP OF NORTH AMERICA. London. 1863 [with additions to 1875]. Engraved map on four sheets, full period hand-coloring, sectioned and linen-backed as issued. Sheet size: 67 x 57½ inches if joined. Very good. In a red half morocco box.

Originally published during the American Civil War, this issue includes additions to 1875, particularly seen in the American West. Curiously, the publisher has retained the original hand-coloring scheme from the Civil War issue, with the Confederate States uniformly colored in purple, and the Union states in yellow; the western states and territories are variously colored. $4500.

A Highly Important Manuscript Map of Colonial Maine 23. [Maine]: Brenton, Jahleel: Ellery, William: [MANUSCRIPT MAP OF PENOBSCOT BAY, ENTITLED The Several Courses up Penobscott River from Pequoit or the Rivers Mouth taken by Skillful Hands. . . , ACCOMPANIED BY THREE MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE LANDS DEPICTED ON THE MAP]. Newport, R.I. 1767. Manuscript map in ink and wash, on a single folio sheet, 15¼ x 19 inches. Docketed in manuscript on verso, “Map of Leveretts Patent alias Muscongus.” With three manuscript documents relating to the lands depicted on the map. Map with small separations along horizontal fold, and at center cross-fold. Minor edgewear. Near fine. Archivally matted.

An attractive 18th-century manuscript map of Penobscot Bay, Maine, heavily annotated by William Ellery, a signer of the Declaration of Independence from Rhode Island, who made claims to some of the lands depicted on the map. The map was drawn by British RearAdmiral Jahleel Brenton, who commanded the HMS Queen during the Revolution, and whose family lost much of its property as a result of the Revolution. Significant manuscript maps of this early date are virtually unknown in the market. $60,000.

One of the Earliest Separately Issued Maps of the Gold Region 24. Lawson, John T.: LAWSON’S MAP FROM ACTUAL SURVEY OF THE GOLD, SILVER & QUICKSILVER REGIONS OF UPPER CALIFORNIA EXHIBITING THE MINES, DIGGINGS, ROADS, PATHS, HOUSES, MILLS, STORES, MISSIONS, &c. &c. New York. [1849]. Lithographic map, 16½ x 22¾ inches. Slight foxing, almost all marginal. Very good plus.

The second separately issued map of the California gold regions, published in New York in January, 1849. It was the first map to show all the gold regions on a large scale—the streams and rivers of the region are heavily dotted with the locations of

diggings and indications that there is “gold found on all these streams.” Rare and important. $7500.

A Rarity of American Cartography 25. Melish, John: A MILITARY AND TOPOGRAPHICAL ATLAS OF THE UNITED STATES; INCLUDING THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS & FLORIDA. . . . Philadelphia. November, 1813. 6,[3]–34,[3]–18,[3]–29,44pp. plus five folding partially colored engraved maps on thick paper, and three engraved plans. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt. Minor edge wear, boards rubbed, remnants of string ties. Mild tanning to text, some expert repairs to maps along folds. A handsome copy in very good to near fine condition, certainly one of the best copies we have seen. In a cloth slipcase.

This superb and very rare American atlas contains maps by H.S. Tanner and was prepared for the War of 1812.

$14,000.

The First Large-Scale Map of the United States and a Cornerstone Map of the American West 26. Melish, John: MAP OF THE UNITED STATES WITH THE CONTIGUOUS BRITISH AND SPANISH POSSESSIONS COMPILED FROM THE LATEST AND BEST AUTHORITIES. [Phiadelphia. 1816]. Engraved map by J. Vallance & H. S. Tanner, period hand-coloring in outline, dissected into 40 sections and linen-backed, as issued. Sheet size: 34 x 56¾ inches. Very good. In a blue morocco box.

First edition, fourth state, of a map of inestimable importance—one which synthesized the best data available at the crucial moment of the opening of American West, and one which, in a sense, envisioned and enabled the ‘Manifest Destiny’ of the United States. Much like the Mitchell map of the previous century, the Melish map became the map of record in many important treaties between the United States

and Spain, Mexico, and both the Republic and State of Texas. Specifically, the United States-Mexico boundary was laid out on a copy of the map according to the Adams– Onis Treaty signed in Feb. 22, 1819. Thomas Jefferson said of the map that it provides a “luminous view of the comparative possessions of different powers in our America.” $85,000.

A Remarkable Union Army Field Map, Printed for Sherman’s Operations in Georgia 27. Merrill, William E.: [Georgia]: MAP OF NORTHERN GEORGIA, MADE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF CAPT. W.E. MERRILL. Chattanooga. May 2, 1864. Lithographed folding map, sectioned and linen-backed as issued, the rivers handcolored. Sheet size: 39 x 35¼ inches. Original card covers, printed paper label. Minor foxing, else very good. In a black half morocco box. Provenance: Colonel McCrerey (signature on cover label).

A highly detailed map of the northern part of Georgia, made under the direction of Capt. W.E. Merrill, Chief Topographical Engineer of the Army of the Cumberland. The map shows all the major roads and rail lines, in addition to natural topographical features, in northern Georgia. The Merrill map was a critical aid to Sherman’s campaigns in Georgia—indeed, it might be $12,000. called the “Holster Atlas” of the Georgia campaign.

28. Mitchell, John: Le Rouge, Georges Louis: AMERIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE AVEC LES ROUTES, DISTANCES EN MILES, VILLAGES ET ETABLISSEMENTS FRANÇOIS ET ANGLOIS. PAR LE DOCTEUR MITCHEL TRADUIT DE L’ANGLOIS . . . CORIGEE EN 1776 PAR M. HAWKINS. . . . Paris. 1777. Engraved map, handcolored in outline, on 8 sheets (individual sheets: 27¼ x 21 inches, if joined would form a single large sheet 59 x 79 inches), with large allegorical cartouche and inset map of Hudson Bay and Labrador. Small repaired tear. Good condition. In a red morocco-backed box.

Mitchell’s Map of the British and French Dominions in North America is widely regarded as the most important map in American history. Prepared on the eve of the French and Indian War, it was the second large-format map of North America printed by the British and over the next century it would play a key role in the resolution of

every significant boundary dispute involving the northern border of the then British Colonies and later the United States. This is a fine example of a French edition of that monumental map. $27,500.

29. [Mitchell, S. Augustus, and J.H. Young]: MAP OF THE UNITED STATES. Philadelphia. [1831–1838]. Wall map, 34¾ x 43 inches, with period outline color. Expertly repaired, backed with modern linen, trimmed in burgundy cloth and on contemporary rollers. Unvarnished. Very good.

One of the first productions of S. Augustus Mitchell, the most important American commercial map publisher in the decades preceding the Civil War. The insets are “Map of North America including all of the Recent Geographical Discoveries”; “Plans of the vicinities of Albany, Niagara, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charleston, New Orleans”; and others. This edition is not men$2750. tioned in Rumsey, who lists only the 1831 edition (2723); not in Phillips’ America.

With the Inset Map of California, Oregon, and Texas 30. [Mitchell, S. Augustus, and J.H. Young]: MITCHELL’S REFERENCE AND DISTANCE MAP OF THE UNITED STATES. Philadelphia. [1849]. Wall map, 57 x 70 inches. Expertly repaired, backed with modern linen, trimmed in maroon cloth, on contemporary rollers. Old repair evident in lower border. Occasional minute spotting. Color bright and clean. Very good.

Originally published in 1836, this map was significantly revised in 1846 with the addition of a landmark inset map entitled “A New Map of Texas, Oregon and California.” The inset map is present in this 1849 edition and titled “A New Map of Texas, Oregon and California with the Regions Adjoining . . . 1849.” The Texas, Oregon,

and California map was the most important commercial map of the American West issued on the eve of the Mexican War, incorporating the discoveries of Fremont, as well as those of Nicollet and Wilkes. $15,000.

31. [Mitchell, S. Augustus, and J.H. Young]: MITCHELL’S NATIONAL MAP OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC OR UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA. TOGETHER WITH MAPS OF THE VICINITIES OF THIRTY-TWO OF THE PRINCIPAL CITIES AND TOWNS IN THE UNION. Philadelphia. 1846. Wall map, 38 x 46¼ inches, with full period color. Surrounded by thirty-two small maps of individual American cities. Expertly repaired, backed with modern linen, trimmed in blue cloth, on contemporary rollers. Some creasing and soiling, but overall in very good condition.

The fourth edition, originally published in 1843. There are two important inset maps which first appear in this 1846 version: “Map of Oregon Territory” (shown going up into Canada, beyond its limits of the Treaty of 1846), and “Map of the State of Texas.” Both—published at the start of the Mexican-American War—show important regions that would be significantly redrawn with the course of events. $4500.

32. [Mitchell, S. Augustus, and J.H. Young]: MITCHELL’S REFERENCE AND DISTANCE MAP OF THE UNITED STATES. Philadelphia. 1845. Wall map, 52 x 66 inches, with full period hand-color. Expertly repaired, backed with modern linen, trimmed in green cloth, on contemporary rollers. A few light creases and some marginal soiling, but on the whole a bright map in very good condition.

The 1846 edition of this impressive wall map of the United States, with the addition of an important inset map entitled “A General Map of the United States with the Contiguous British & Mexican Possessions.” This inset incorporates the discoveries of Fremont in the Great Basin and California, shows all of Texas, and stretches Oregon Territory well into Canada, beyond the line of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. An important American map, showing the country on the eve of its second great $6500. national expansion.

33. Mitchell, Samuel Augustus: A NEW UNIVERSAL ATLAS CONTAINING MAPS OF THE VARIOUS EMPIRES, KINGDOMS, STATES AND REPUBLICS OF THE WORLD. WITH A SPECIAL MAP OF EACH OF THE UNITED STATES, PLANS OF CITIES &c. Philadelphia. 1846. [4]pp. plus handcolored frontispiece and seventy-one handcolored maps, many with insets. Contemporary half dark red morocco and marbled boards. Very good.

Mitchell’s first issue of Tanner’s New Universal Atlas, with handcolored maps of all the individual states and territories, including Texas. $5250.

The Famous “Beaver Map” 34. Moll, Herman: A NEW AND EXACT MAP OF THE DOMINIONS OF THE KING OF GREAT BRITAIN ON YE CONTINENT OF NORTH AMERICA CONTAINING NEWFOUNDLAND, NEW SCOTLAND, NEW ENGLAND, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, PENSILVANIA [sic] MARYLAND, VIRGINIA AND CAROLINA. ACCORDING TO THE NEWEST AND MOST EXACT OBSERVATIONS BY HERMAN MOLL GEOGRAPHER. London. 1715 [but ca. 1730]. Copper-engraved map, with period outline hand-coloring, on two joined sheets. Overall size of joined sheets: 41½ x 25 inches. Very good.

The famous Beaver map: Stevens and Tree’s third state (of five), the first to show the inset of Carolina divided into counties and with named parishes. “One of the first and most important cartographic documents relating to the ongoing dispute between France and Great Britain over boundaries separating their respective American colonies. . . .”—Degrees of Latitude. A handsome copy of this landmark map. $22,000.

The Rare Final Edition of the Fourth Book of THE ENGLISH P ILOT, the First Entirely English Sea Atlas of American Waters 35. [Mount and Davidson (publishers)]: THE ENGLISH PILOT THE FOURTH BOOK. DESCRIBING THE WEST-INDIA NAVIGATION, FROM HUDSON’S BAY TO THE RIVER AMAZONES [sic]. PARTICULARLY DELINEATING THE COASTS, CAPES, HEADLANDS, RIVERS, BAYS, ROADS, HAVENS, HARBOURS, STREIGHTS, ROCKS, SANDS, SHOALS, BANKS, DEPTHS OF WATER, AND ANCHORAGE, WITH ALL THE ISLANDS THEREIN . . . THE WHOLE BEING MUCH ENLARGED AND CORRECTED, WITH THE ADDITIONS OF SEVERAL NEW CHARTS AND DESCRIPTIONS. London. 1794. 66pp. with numerous illustrations, including about 250 woodcut coastal profiles and harbors. Twenty-two engraved maps and charts. Folio. Expertly bound to style in half 18th-century russia and period marbled boards, spine with raised bands. Very good.

The English Pilot, in five separate books, was the first major seaatlas published in England. . . . The Fourth Book was the first wholly English sea-atlas of American waters. The present 1794 edition contains important material not found in the earliest editions. $45,000.

36. Mouzon, Henry: AN ACCURATE MAP OF NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA, WITH THEIR INDIAN FRONTIERS, MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, SWAMPS, MARSHES, BAYS, CREEKS, HARBOURS &c. . . . London. May 30th, 1775. Copperengraved map on four sheets joined, measuring 41½ x 56 inches, with original outline color. Expert repairs to loss at fold in upper left quadrant including facsimile; crease in lower right quadrant, not affecting image. Otherwise very good.

Arguably, the most handsome map of the Carolinas ever made. The map is so detailed and geographically advanced that it remained the seminal map of the Carolinas for the following two generations. Its appearance in the days leading up to the American Revolution ensured that it was the primary map used by field commanders on both sides as the dramatic events of the conflict unfolded. $18,500.

37. [Nebraska]: THE OFFICIAL STATE ATLAS OF NEBRASKA. COMPILED FROM GOVERNMENT SURVEYS, COUNTY RECORDS, AND PERSONAL INVESTIGATIONS. Philadelphia. 1885. 207pp. encompassing hundreds of maps, plus thirty-seven leaves of explanatory tables and fifteen leaves of illustrations. Folding map of the State, plus smaller tipped-in maps and leaves. Large folio. Later three-quarter leather over original cloth boards, cover gilt. Extremities rubbed, edges of boards lightly worn. Some leaves with small edge tears. Minor dampstaining at bottom edge. About very good.

State atlas of Nebraska, showing detailed maps of all the counties and cities, with information on the major landowners and views of important places in the state. Rumsey notes that this is the only atlas of Nebraska published in the 19th century. $3750.

Earliest American Chart of the North Carolina Coast 38. [Norman, John]: CHART OF THE COAST OF AMERICA FROM CAPE HATERAS [sic] TO CAPE ROMAN FROM THE ACTUAL SURVEYS OF DL. DUNBIBIN Esq. [Boston. 1794]. Copper-engraved sea chart, on two joined sheets. Overall size: 21¼ x 33 inches. Very good.

An early issue of the earliest American chart of the North Carolina coast. Published by John Norman as part of The American Pilot in 1791, this example of Norman’s chart of the North Carolina coastline is present here in its third state. Norman’s Pilot, the second American atlas of any kind, marked an advance over the earlier work of Mathew Clark. $52,500.

39. [Norman, John]: Norman, William: A NEW AND ACCURATE CHART OF THE BAY OF CHESAPEAK [sic] INCLUDING THE DELAWARE BAY. Boston. [1794]. Copper-engraved sea chart, on four joined sheets. Overall size: 42⅜ x 34¼ inches. Very good. Provenance: deaccessioned by the Museum of the City of New York.

The first large-scale map of the Chesapeake region published in America. This map was first published as part of William Norman’s 1794 edition of The American Pilot. This beautiful example is present here in the first state, with the “St. Mapys” for St. Marys reading in the title. This error was corrected for the 1798 and subsequent editions of the atlas. $95,000.

With the Rare Boundary Maps and the Final Boundary Treaty 40. [Northeastern Boundary Dispute]: NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. A. CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN NORTH AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, UNDER THE TREATY OF 1783 . . . [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. B . . . [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. PART I [–II] . . . [bound with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. CORRESPONDENCE . . . [bound with:] TREATY BETWEEN HER MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. . . . [with:] NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY. SUPPLEMENTARY REPORTS . . . London. 1838–1843. Folio. 20th-century brown cloth boards, gilt leather label. Mild fading and wear. Later bookplate on front pastedown. Mild scattered foxing. Very good. Supplement: Original blue printed wrappers. Light soiling and wear. Minor foxing to chart. Very good.

This set contains official correspondence, proceedings, and recording of border disputes between the U.S. and Great Britain from 1831–43. William Featherstonhaugh was appointed commissioner of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, which settled the border issue, and his maps illustrate the history of the border lines and geography of the region. These maps, the first detailed and accurate mapping of northern Maine and this section of the border, are extremely rare. $9500.

First Government Exploration of the Southwest 41. Pike, Zebulon M.: AN ACCOUNT OF EXPEDITIONS TO THE SOURCES OF THE MISSISSIPPI, AND THROUGH THE WESTERN PARTS OF LOUISIANA, TO THE SOURCES OF THE ARKANSAW, KANS, LA PLATTE, AND PIERRE JAUN, RIVERS . . . AND A TOUR THROUGH THE INTERIOR PARTS OF NEW SPAIN. . . . Philadelphia. 1810. [8],105,[11],[107]–277,[5],65,[1],53,[1],87pp. plus six maps (five folding) and three folding charts. Frontispiece portrait. Contemporary tree calf, neatly rebacked in matching style, preserving the original label. Tears in folding tables expertly repaired, a few bottom corners trimmed close, light foxing. Very good. In a calf clamshell case, gilt leather label.

This account of the first United States government expedition to the Southwest is one of the most important of all American travel narratives. The maps were the first to exhibit a geographic knowledge of the Southwest based on first-hand exploration and are considered “milestones in the mapping of the American West” (Wheat). “The description of Texas is excellent”—Streeter Texas. Dewitt Clinton’s copy, with his bookplate on the front pastedown. $18,500.

A Primary Map of North America 42. Popple, Henry: Covens, Johannes, and Mortier, Cornelius, publishers: A MAP OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN AMERICA WITH THE FRENCH, SPANISH AND THE DUTCH SETTLEMENTS ADJACENT THERETO. Amsterdam. [N.d., ca. 1742]. Copper-engraved map on four sheets, joined, 46 x 41 inches. In near fine condition, handsomely framed in a gold leaf frame, under rated plexiglass.

Henry Popple produced this map under the auspices of the Lord Commissioners of Trade and Plantations to help settle disputes arising from the rival expansions of English, Spanish and French colonies. The original Popple map is virtually impossible to present as a unified piece (joined, it measures more than eight feet square). This reduced version offers all the geographical and political material of the original in a more manageable and accessible form. $14,000.

Classic Map of the Oregon Trail 43. Preuss, Charles: TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE ROAD FROM MISSOURI TO OREGON COMMENCING AT THE MOUTH OF THE KANSAS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND ENDING AT THE MOUTH OF THE WALLAH-WALLAH IN THE COLUMBIA. . . . Baltimore. 1846. Seven individual sheets, each 15½ x 25¾ inches. Sheets loose. Old fold lines, some light wear and chipping to several edges. Very minor foxing. Very good.

Charles Preuss served as the cartographer on Fremont’s first and second expeditions and drew all of the maps which accompany Fremont’s reports. Preuss also produced the present masterful map of the Oregon Trail. It is drawn to a very detailed scale, and not only provides accurate cartographical information about the whole of the 1,670-mile route between the Missouri and Columbia rivers, but also gives a real feeling of the daily progress of the expedition. $7500.

Primary Cartographic Work of the Revolutionary Era 44. Pownall, Thomas: A TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF SUCH PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA AS ARE CONTAINED IN THE (ANNEXED) MAP OF THE MIDDLE BRITISH COLONIES, &c. IN NORTH AMERICA. [bound with:] SPEEDILY WILL BE PUBLISHED, (SOLD BY J. ALMON OPPOSITE BURLINGTON-HOUSE, PICCADILLY.) A MAP OF THE MIDDLE BRITISH COLONIES IN NORTH-AMERICA. . . . London. 1776. [6],46,16pp. plus engraved folding map, handcolored in outline. Folio. Contemporary half tree calf and period marbled boards, spine gilt, black morocco label. Expert repairs at joints. Very good.

One of the most important cartographical works issued at the time of the American Revolution, here complete with the rare map partially-printed from the same plate as the famed 1755 Lewis Evans’ map printed by Benjamin Franklin. The most sig-

nificant addition to Evans original map is east of Philadelphia, where Pownall has extended the plate to encompass all of New England, with the coast as far north as Nova Scotia. $37,500.

45. Reid, John [publisher]: THE AMERICAN ATLAS. New York. 1796. Mounted on guards throughout, letterpress title within decorative border of typographic ornaments, twenty-one engraved maps and plans on 20 leaves. Folio. [with:] Winterbotham, William: AN HISTORICAL, GEOGRAPHICAL, COMMERCIAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AND OF THE EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS IN AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES. New York. [1795–]1796. Four volumes. 7pp. list of subscribers at the rear of Vol. IV. Twenty-five engraved plates (of twenty-six), extra-illustrated with provisional titles to first and second volumes bound at the rear of the respective volumes. “Plan of Washington” mentioned in the plate list as being required opposite p.67 here bound in the atlas. Atlas: Bound to style in half speckled calf over contemporary marbled paper covered boards, original paper label affixed to the upper cover, spine gilt with leather label. Text: Contemporary tree sheep, neatly rebacked to style uniform to the atlas, original red morocco labels. Fine.

A very fine copy of this rare and important atlas, here including the folding plan of Washington not found in most copies, and with the first American edition of the associated text by William Winterbotham. The Reid atlas is one of the rarest and most interesting American atlases, preceded only by the 1795 Carey and the Clark atlases as the earliest United States atlases. It includes detailed engraved maps of North and South America, and the United States, as well as individual maps of each state. $27,500.

North America by a Great French Cartographer 46. Sanson, Nicolas and Guillaume: AMERIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE. Paris. 1669. Copper-engraved map. Sheet size: 16⅝ x 23⅓ inches. In very good condition.

The most important French map of North America of its generation, produced by the country’s most esteemed family of cartographers. The present map, which appeared in Cartes Generales de Toutes Parties du Monde, the first French general atlas, is geographically based on Nicolas Sanson’s wall map of 1666 (of which only two copies survive). While California is shown to be an island, in line with popular perception, it does not attempt to build a geographical mythology in the place of the Pacific Northwest, which was then totally unknown. $3500.

Revolutionary War Map of New York City 47. Sauthier, Claude Joseph: A TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE NORTHERN PART OF NEW YORK ISLAND, EXHIBITING THE PLAN OF FORT WASHINGTON, NOW FORT KNYPHAUSEN, WITH THE REBELS LINES TO THE SOUTHWARD. . . . London. March 1, 1774. Copper-engraved map, with period hand colouring. Sheet size: 19½ x 11⅛ inches. Very good.

This is one of a small handful of Revolutionary War battle plans that relate to the City of New York. Sauthier’s delineation of upper Manhattan was the most accurate and detailed to date. $9500.

American Military Pocket Atlas 48. Sayer, Robert, and John Bennet [publishers]: THE AMERICAN MILITARY POCKET ATLAS; BEING AN APPROVED COLLECTION OF CORRECT MAPS, BOTH GENERAL AND PARTICULAR, OF THE BRITISH COLONIES. . . . London. [1776]. [7]pp. plus six engraved maps, handcolored in outline. Original half calf and marbled boards, gilt leather label. Boards with an expected amount of rubbing and wear. A few instances of neat, closed separations along the crossfolds of the maps, but with no loss. Repaired closed tear in left edge of Brassier map. Some soiling at the edges of the maps. On the whole, a very handsome copy, in completely original condition—as it would have been when carried by a British officer during the American War. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell case, spine gilt.

One of the most important atlases of the American Revolution, designed for use in the field. Published by Sayer and Bennet at the beginning of the Revolution for the use of British officers, the “Holster Atlas” contained “maps that the British high command regarded as providing essential topographical information in the most convenient form” (Schwartz & Ehrenberg). Although the publishers claimed the atlas would fit into an officer’s pocket, it was more usually carried in a holster and thus gained its nickname. The atlas was generally bound in an octavo format, as is the case in this copy. $26,500.

The Streeter Copy of a Pioneering Map 49. Scholfield, Nathan: MAP OF SOUTHERN OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA . . . EXHIBITING A RELIABLE VIEW OF THE RICH GOLD REGION . . . EMBRACING ALSO A COLORED CHART OF THE COAST FROM SAN FRANCISCO BAY TO THE COLUMBIA RIVER. . . . San Francisco. 1851. Lithographed map, visible area 24 x 17½ inches, matted and framed to overall 34 x 26½ inches. Backed on artist’s board, some creasing and toning, a few light stains and spots, a few small repairs to verso. Very good.

The Streeter copy of the “first map of what is now Oregon to be lithographed west of the Rockies”—Streeter Sale. Streeter’s handwritten notes can be seen on the front of the map near the imprint. Streeter also described the map as “one of the first, if not the first to show the new town of Portland, the new settlements on the Umpqua, and the road to California up the Willamette Valley.” Rare and important, with excellent $16,000. provenance.

An American Cartographic Cornerstone 50. Scott, Joseph: THE UNITED STATES GAZETTEER: CONTAINING AN AUTHENTIC DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL STATES. THEIR SITUATION, EXTENT, BOUNDARIES, SOIL, PRODUCE, CLIMATE, POPULATION, TRADE AND MANUFACTURES. . . . Philadelphia. 1795. vi,[1],[292]pp. plus nineteen engraved folding maps. 12mo. Contemporary tree sheep, spine gilt, red morocco label. Expert repairs to joints. Very good.

The first gazetteer of the United States with an important series of engraved American maps. These, with the maps in Carey’s American Atlas which were issued the same year, represent a major step forward in American cartography. $7000.

One of the Most Important British Accounts of the Revolution 51. Stedman, Charles: THE HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN, PROGRESS, AND TERMINATION OF THE AMERICAN WAR. London. 1794. Two volumes. xv,399; xv,449,[13]pp., plus fifteen engraved maps and plans (eleven folding). Half titles. Quarto. 18th-century speckled calf, gilt; expertly rebacked to style, spines elaborately gilt, morocco labels, marbled endpapers. An occasional light fox mark. Very good.

First edition of a work that is fundamental to any collection of books relating to the American Revolution. The beautifully engraved maps (the largest of which is approximately 20 x 30 inches) constitute the finest collection of plans assembled by an

eyewitness. They depict the sieges of Savannah and Charlestown, plus the battles of Saratoga, Camden, Guilford, Hobkirk’s Hill, and Yorktown. $15,000.

Magnificent Map of the United States 52. Tanner, Henry S.: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Philadelphia. 1829. Engraved map, handcolored in outline, in sections backed on linen. Sheet size: 50 x 63 inches. Rebacked on linen, expertly conserved by the Green Dragon Bindery. Silk lining edges. Lightly and evenly toned. A very nice copy. In a modern half morocco portfolio, stamped in gilt. The first edition of Tanner’s spectacular and very beautiful large-scale map from “the Golden Age of American Mapmaking.” This map is described by Rumsey as “one of

the best early large maps of the United States and the premier map for its period.” With numerous attractive and interesting insets. $15,000.

A Seminal Map of America: The First Detailed Depiction of the Virginia Coast and Carolina Capes 53. White, John: AMERICAE PARS, NUNC VIRGINIA DICTA. Frankfurt. 1590. Copper-engraved map. Sheet size: 12⅞ x 16⅝ inches. Very good.

Theodore De Bry’s map of Virginia, after John White, is one of the most significant cartographical milestones in colonial North American history. It was the most accurate map drawn in the 16th century of any part of that continent. This is the first map to focus on Virginia (now largely North Carolina), and records the first English attempts at colonization in the New World. An essential early Americanum. $23,000.

The Official Army Map of the Wounded Knee Massacre 54. [Wounded Knee Massacre]: SCENE OF THE FIGHT WITH BIG FOOT’S BAND. DEC 29th 1890. SHOWING POSITIONS OF TROOPS WHEN FIRST SHOT WAS FIRED FROM SKETCHES MADE BY LIEUT. S.A. CLOMAN, ACT’G ENGR. OFFICER, DIVISION OF THE MISSOURI. [N.p. 1891]. Blueprint map, 12½ x 14 inches. Older folds, some minor wear. Some light fading in spots. Very good.

Battle plan of the Wounded Knee Massacre, showing the location of troops and the Indian camp, as well as the geographic features of the area. Wounded Knee was the last of the major conflicts with the Sioux and the effectual end to the Indian Wars. Rare and printed in a very limited run. $2500.

One of the Greatest American Maps 55. Popple, Henry: A MAP OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN AMERICA WITH THE FRENCH AND SPANISH SETTLEMENTS ADJACENT THERETO. London. 1733 [but ca. 1735]. Engraved map on 15 double-page and 5 single-page sheets, mounted on guards throughout, preceded by a folding double-page key map, with very fine full contemporary hand-coloring throughout. Letterpress list of maps, trimmed and mounted on the front blank. Extra-illustrated with a letterpress advertisement for the map mounted to the front pastedown. Folio. Expertly bound to style in half 18th-century russia over original 18th-century marbled paper-covered boards, gilt spine with raised bands. In a black morocco box. Provenance: George Garnier of Rookesbury (1703– 63, armorial bookplate mounted on the front pastedown).

A monument to 18th-century American cartography: a spectacular fully-colored copy of the first large-scale map of North America, and the first printed map to show the thirteen colonies. Designed and produced on a grand scale, if actually assembled it would measure over eight feet square. Popple maps with full contemporary color are exceedingly rare and exceptionally beautiful. The early owner of the present copy, George Garnier of Rookesbury (1703–63), served as the physician to the Duke of Cumberland and as the Apothecary General to the Army. $195,000.

Full descriptions of these items may be viewed on our website or obtained on request. Our most recent catalogues include 332: French Americana, 333: Americana—Beginnings, and 334: Recent Acquisitions in Americana. These catalogues and others, as well as more items from our inventory, may be viewed on our website at www.williamreesecompany.com.