WHO’S WHO IN NEW FRANCE JIGSAW Topic: The Jesuit Missions
1. Who were the Jesuits? With whom were they partners?
Text – pg 232
An order of Roman Catholic priests Partners with the Company of Hundred Associates
Cardinal Richelieu (and the King of France – Louis XIII) sent the Jesuits to spread the “good news” to the Natives
They were prepared to go anywhere and make any sacrifice to spread the influence of the church They were also prepared to adapt to Native traditions and customs Learning the languages (so different from French or Latin) Complicated language – some words have many different meanings
2. Whose idea was it to send Jesuits to New France?
3. What made the Jesuits different/ more successful than other missionary groups?
4. What difficulties did the Jesuits face?
5. What was the long term consequence of some Natives converting? Consider:
The difficulties you face The rewards (benefits) of life in New France Your feelings about the people (groups) with whom you must interact What contributions
It caused a split in the Huron nation (from those who refused to join the Church) This split made the nation more vulnerable to attack
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(positive & negative) are you responsible for? WHO’S WHO IN NEW FRANCE JIGSAW Topic: Coureurs de Bois
1. Who were the coureurs de bois?
Text – pg 234
Independent traders of the fur industry
They went to the Natives to trade furs when the Iroquois stopped other Native groups from bringing furs to the St Lawrence region (in order to trade) Not really, the monopolies like the Company of Hundred Associates were supposed to control the fur trade Waterways Birch – bark canoes (made by Algonkians)
Pierre Radison Medart de Groseilliers
The Verendrye Family
2. Why were the coureurs de bois necessary? 3. Were the coureurs de bois legal? 4. What did the coureurs de bois use to travel? 5. Which two famous coureurs de bois convinced Charles II to create the Hudson Bay Company? 6. Which family first crossed the prairies and established trading posts? Consider: The difficulties you face The rewards (benefits) of life in New France Your feelings about the people (groups) with whom you must interact What contributions
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(positive & negative) are you responsible for? WHO’S WHO IN NEW FRANCE JIGSAW Topic: Habitants
1. What two things did life revolve around?
2. What type of employment could habitants find? 3. How did the living conditions in New France compare with those in France?
Text – pg 240
The manor and the Church
Fur trade – if they could be spared Farmers – women often were
Often better than back in France French paid 600 X’s more in rent and taxes (habitants often did not have to pay taxes)
Habitants often saw themselves as superior to peasants in France
Pigs, chickens, ducks, geese and some cows (milk, butter, and cheese), peas, fish, fruits and berries Music, story-telling, attended Church, worked together with field work
4. How did the attitude of the habitants compare to those of the French peasants? 5. What did the habitants eat a lot of? 6. How did the habitants entertain themselves? Consider: The difficulties you face The rewards (benefits) of life in New France Your feelings about the people (groups) with whom you must interact What contributions
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(positive & negative) are you responsible for? WHO’S WHO IN NEW FRANCE JIGSAW Topic: Women
Text – pg 243
Fur trading companies didn’t want to build up communities of farmers
First women sent were nuns (to convert and educate)
The Ursuline Order of Nuns To convert and educate Natives
Could not carry on business, sue, be sued, dispose of her own property without husband’s consent
Since men were away travelling they learned to buy and sell as well as other business skills
1. Why were there so few women in the initial years of New France? 2. What was the occupation of many of the first women in the colony? 3. What religious order did Marie L’Incarnation found in 1668? Why? 4. What legal rights were denied to women in New France?
5. How did women participate in business and the economy regardless of legalities? Consider: The difficulties you face The rewards (benefits) of life in New France Your feelings about the people (groups) with whom you must interact What contributions (positive & negative) are you responsible for?
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Topic #5: Government (pg. 238) & The Seigneury (pg. 232 & 240) Question/Main Ideas
The Government
Topic
Who was France’s first intendant?
Jean Talon
Why was there a need for a governmemt?
What were Talon’s contributions to developing New France?
France needed settlers provide an organized defence system someone to organize basic industries to provide resources and services for people of New France made it stronger self-sufficient more profitable (made $) recruited women (filles du roi) to be married to the French settlers established a mercantile system (market)
What was Frontenac’s role in the government?
Question/Main Ideas
The Seigneury
first governor he ordered the coureurs de bois to look for more furs, extending the boundaries of the colony he tried to ruin the alliance with the Iroquois, eventually forced back to France
Topic
What were seigneuries?
parcels of land handed out to peasant farmers similar to the manor system used in the middle ages
What was the role and responsibility of the seigneur?
build and live in a manor house hold court in the case of disputes attract settlers provide security and defence
Who were the habitants? What were their responsibilities?
French peasant farmers lives were centered around the manor and the Church
work the land, life was based on the cycle of crops work in small industries (mill, tannery…) & the fur trade
