Forum What are the four types of social responsibilities that businesses have? Discuss the ethical pros and cons of doing business with a sweatshop in a developing nation. Use key terms from our text to support your thoughts. Lastly, search the Internet or our library for material that relates to the above questions and discuss how the article helped you understand the discussion question better? What did the article say, how does it relate to our discussion question. Cite your sources. Discussion Grading Rubric

Instructions: Your initial post should be at least 250 words. Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a minimum of 100 words and include direct questions. Previous quiz questions

Question 1 of 20 Which of the following groups or individuals are considered stakeholders in business? A.employees B.competitors C.suppliers D.consumers E.all of the above Question 2 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following items is not a cost associated with unethical behaviors? Question 2 of 20 Which of the following items is not a cost associated with unethical behaviors? A.legal costs B.employee theft

C.reputation costs D.investor confidence E.monitoring costs Question 3 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Which of the following operational areas are not confronted with ethical issues? Question 3 of 20 Which of the following operational areas are not confronted with ethical issues? A.upper management B.secretaries/administrative assistants C.mid-level management D.boards of directors E.none of the above Question 4 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points which of the following:

Employee theft can include

Question 4 of 20 Employee theft can include which of the following: A.stealing money B.stealing time C.stealing products D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 5 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Monitoring costs can be incurred by organizations for which of the following reasons: Question 5 of 20 Monitoring costs can be incurred by organizations for which of the following reasons: A.employee surveillance B.increased supervision costs

C.new rules and regulations D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 6 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following is not a competitive advantage associated with ethical organizations? Question 6 of 20 Which of the following is not a competitive advantage associated with ethical organizations? A.employee motivation and productivity B.employee recruitment C.reputational equity D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 7 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following views of human nature have implications for the way ethical issues are addressed by management? Question 7 of 20 Which of the following views of human nature have implications for the way ethical issues are addressed by management? A.humans are born with prior knowledge of right and wrong B.humans are born good C.humans are born with inherited sin D.humans are “blank slates” E.all of the above F.none of the above Question 8 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following is not considered one of Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development? Question 8 of 20 Which of the following is not considered one of Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development?

A.social-contract orientation B.universal ethical principles orientation C.obedience-and-punishment orientation D.blank slate orientation E.none of the above Question 9 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the postconventional level of moral reasoning is based on which of the following: Question 9 of 20 In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the postconventional level of moral reasoning is based on which of the following: A.applying abstract universal principles B.applying the laws of society C.applying group membership standards D.considering benefit to the individual E.none of the above Question 10 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the preconventional level of moral reasoning includes which of the following: Question 10 of 20 In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the preconventional level of moral reasoning includes which of the following: A.obedience-and-punishment orientation B.applying abstract universal principles C.considering the interests of others D.considerations of pleasing others E.none of the above Question 11 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the conventional level of moral reasoning is based on which of the following:

Question 11 of 20 In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the conventional level of moral reasoning is based on which of the following: A.applying abstract universal principles B.considering the interests of others C.the interests of the individual D.obedience-and-punishment orientation E.none of the above Question 12 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Which of the following can lead to unintended unethical behavior? Question 12 of 20 Which of the following can lead to unintended unethical behavior? A.misaligned management systems B.situational ambiguity C.insufficient knowledge D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 13 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following is not cited as a reason people intentionally behave unethically? Question 13 of 20 Which of the following is not cited as a reason people intentionally behave unethically?

A.avoiding punishment and seeking praise B.feeling pressure to do so by those in authority C.believing that the organizational culture encourages or tolerates unethical behavior D.feeling pressure to do so by overly aggressive business objectives E.feeling pressure to do so by moral imperatives* Question 14 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points The three levels of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development are distinguished by…...

Question 14 of 20 The three levels of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development are distinguished by…... A.an individual’s needs and wants B.an individual’s relationship with him/herself C.an individual’s universal principles D.an individual’s relationship with society E.none of the above Question 15 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Which of the following is not one of Kidder’s ethical dilemmas based on competing values? Question 15 of 20 Which of the following is not one of Kidder’s ethical dilemmas based on competing values? A.short term versus long term B.truth versus loyalty C.morality versus ambiguity D.individual versus community E.justice versus mercy Question 16 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Applying universal ethical principles such as justice and equality is associated with the preconventional level of moral development. Question 16 of 20 Applying universal ethical principles such as justice and equality is associated with the preconventional level of moral development. A.True B.False Question 17 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Which of the following are considered universal ethical principles?

Question 17 of 20 Which of the following are considered universal ethical principles? A.the “Golden Rule” B.justice C.equality D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 18 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Motivation to progress through the stages of moral development involves which of the following: Question 18 of 20 Motivation to progress through the stages of moral development involves which of the following: A.moral discomfort B.moral comfort C.moral complacency D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 19 of 20 0.25/ 0.25 Points Egocentric punishment avoidance is associated with the preconventional level of moral development. Question 19 of 20 Egocentric punishment avoidance is associated with the preconventional level of moral development. A.True B.False Question 20 of 20 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following is not a typical reason why good people occasionally behave unethically? Question 20 of 20

Which of the following is not a typical reason why good people occasionally behave unethically?

A.a good person chose one set of values over a competing set of values B.a good person may justify the unethical behavior based on a reason considered mo C.a good person may not have intended to generate the resultant unethical outcome D.a good person may think he/she can get away with unethical behavior E.a good person may choose not to prevent an unethical behavior for compelling rea Question 1 of 40 ______________ were granted by the British government to allow several people to create organizations by pooling financial resources, which enabled riskier business projects to be undertaken. A.pacts B.charters C.constitutions D.doctrines E.none of the above Question 2 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Settlements in Roanoke, Jamestown and Plymouth were early examples of ________________. Question 2 of 40 Settlements in Roanoke, Jamestown and Plymouth were early examples of ________________. A.business ventures B.participant democracies C.uplifting indigineous populations D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 3 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points The ________________, chartered by King James, searched for gold and gems and led trading in furs and spices in the Roanoke Islands. Question 3 of 40

The ________________, chartered by King James, searched for gold and gems and led trading in furs and spices in the Roanoke Islands. A.Columbus excursions B.Jamestown settlements C.Virginia Company of London D.American Charters E.none of the above Question 4 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points _____________________ were laborers who served their masters for several years in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging, and eventual freedom. Question 4 of 40 _____________________ were laborers who served their masters for several years in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging, and eventual freedom. A.slaves B.settlers C.indentured servants D.Pilgrims E.none of the above Question 5 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Among the reasons Pilgrims settled in Massachusetts were desires for: Question 5 of 40 Among the reasons Pilgrims settled in Massachusetts were desires for: A.religious freedoms B.economic opportunities C.new trade routes D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 6 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points

The ________________ in 1773

was a major colonial incident resulting from the East India Company’s monopolistic business practices. Question 6 of 40 The ________________ in 1773 was a major colonial incident resulting from the East India Company’s monopolistic business practices. A.Boston Tea Party B.Plymouth settlement C.Revolutionary war D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 7 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points The Boston Tea Party was a response to which of the following British policies? Question 7 of 40 The Boston Tea Party was a response to which of the following British policies? A.monopolistic business practices B.attempts to limit religious freedoms C.attempts to limit the rights of indigenous people D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 8 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following early leaders was not among the authors of the Declaration of Independence? Question 8 of 40 Which of the following early leaders was not among the authors of the Declaration of Independence? A.Thomas Jefferson B.James Madison C.Benjamin Franklin D.all of the above

E.none of the above Question 9 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following rights were not included in the Bill of Rights? Question 9 of 40 Which of the following rights were not included in the Bill of Rights? A.right to bear arms B.freedom of the press C.freedom from unreasonable search and seizure D.freedom to rule the colonies E.freedom of religion Question 10 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points The fundamental belief on which the Declaration of Independence was founded, grounded in philosophical notions of basic human rights, was ________________. Question 10 of 40 The fundamental belief on which the Declaration of Independence was founded, grounded in philosophical notions of basic human rights, was ________________. A.the right to bear arms B.the right to own property C.government should be based on the consent of the governed D.government should pursue happiness E.none of the above Question 11 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points _____________, a Scottish philosopher, provided many of the teachings that underlie capitalist systems. Question 11 of 40 _____________, a Scottish philosopher, provided many of the teachings that underlie capitalist systems. A.James Madison

B.Adam Smith C.John Locke D.King George III E.none of the above Question 12 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Fundamental notions behind Adam Smith’s concept of a fair economic system include which of the following? Question 12 of 40 Fundamental notions behind Adam Smith’s concept of a fair economic system include which of the following? A.reason and liberty B.freedom and religious control C.selfishness and justice D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 13 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points Adam Smith argued that “wealth of nations” resulted from which of the following? Question 13 of 40 Adam Smith argued that “wealth of nations” resulted from which of the following? A.freedom and competition B.economic self-interest C.capitalist economic systems D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 14 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points According to its definition, capitalism as an economic system is characterized by which of the following? Question 14 of 40 According to its definition, capitalism as an economic system is

characterized by which of the following? A.mercantilist policies B.democratic policies C.freedom and competition D.religious freedom E.selfishness at all costs Question 15 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Which of the following were not among the benefits early capitalists associated with a free and competitive market economy? Question 15 of 40 Which of the following were not among the benefits early capitalists associated with a free and competitive market economy? A.more goods and services B.lower prices C.better-quality products D.greater labor flexibility E.higher tax revenues Question 16 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points Adam Smith argued that when self-regulating moral mechanisms fail, ________________ must serve to protect the public from egregious immoral actions. Question 16 of 40 Adam Smith argued that when self-regulating moral mechanisms fail, ________________ must serve to protect the public from egregious immoral actions. A.democracy B.strong justice systems C.individual sanctions D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 17 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points

Prior to capitalism, key

management positions were often filled based on which of the following? Question 17 of 40 Prior to capitalism, key management positions were often filled based on which of the following? A.family connections B.political connections C.wealth D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 18 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Government intervention in the marketplace, Smith reasoned, is needed under only which of the following conditions: Question 18 of 40 Government intervention in the marketplace, Smith reasoned, is needed under only which of the following conditions:

A.when contracts are violated B.when merchants abuse their freedom by committing injustices against others C.when the pursuit of self-interest does not generate highly desired social welfare be D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 19 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Smith cautioned that owners who do not rely on moral sentiments when dealing with laborers could result in which of the following problems: Question 19 of 40 Smith cautioned that owners who do not rely on moral sentiments when dealing with laborers could result in which of the following problems:

A.an overabundance of labor, which could drive wages below subsistence levels B.excessive application of piece-rate incentives, which could increase productivity in

long run C.excessive application of division of labor, which could increase productivity in the s abilities in the long term D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 20 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points The period in the early 1800s marked by significant economic growth in the United States was called: Question 20 of 40 The period in the early 1800s marked by significant economic growth in the United States was called: A.the Revolutionary War B.the Industrial Revolution C.the Declaration of Independence D.the birth of capitalism. E.none of the above Question 21 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points provide which of the following:

Ethical behavior models

Question 21 of 40 Ethical behavior models provide which of the following: A.rationalizations for questionable decision making B.frameworks for decision making based on rational principles C.fail-safe solutions to moral dilemmas D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 22 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Ethical dilemmas typically involve trade-offs based on _______________. Question 22 of 40 Ethical dilemmas typically involve trade-offs based on _______________.

A.right versus wrong B.competing values and interests C.moral versus immoral choices D.correct versus incorrect decisions E.none of the above Question 23 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points James Rest’s fourcomponent model is a useful tool for exploring __________________. Question 23 of 40 James Rest’s four-component model is a useful tool for exploring __________________. A.stages of moral development, B.ethical decision making C.moral versus immoral actions D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 24 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points The four-component model indicates that individuals are likely to behave morally if which of the following conditions are present? Question 24 of 40 The four-component model indicates that individuals are likely to behave morally if which of the following conditions are present? A.awareness of an ethical dilemma and formation of a moral judgment B.development of motivation to address the moral dilemma C.the individual is a person of high moral character D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 25 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points Which step is missing in the sequence of moral behavior? Ethical belief, _________________, ethical action

Question 25 of 40 Which step is missing in the sequence of moral behavior? Ethical belief, _________________, ethical action A.ethical intent B.ethical understanding C.ethical behavior D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 26 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Individual characteristics that are associated with ethical beliefs, sensitivities, intentions and behaviors include which of the following? Question 26 of 40 Individual characteristics that are associated with ethical beliefs, sensitivities, intentions and behaviors include which of the following? A.more education B.more work experience C.religion D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 27 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points state that guides behaviors.

A ____________ is a mental

Question 27 of 40 A ____________ is a mental state that guides behaviors. A.opinion B.belief C.moral D.sensitivity E.none of the above Question 28 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Ethical _________________ refers to an individual’s awareness that a particular situation raises

ethical concerns. Question 28 of 40 Ethical _________________ refers to an individual’s awareness that a particular situation raises ethical concerns. A.opinion B.belief C.moral D.sensitivity E.none of the above Question 29 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points A quick insight independent of any reasoning process of right and wrong is known as: Question 29 of 40 A quick insight independent of any reasoning process of right and wrong is known as: A.ethical sensitivity B.ethical judgment C.ethical intuition D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 30 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points “Gut reactions” that characterize how many ethical decisions are made typically derive from: Question 30 of 40 “Gut reactions” that characterize how many ethical decisions are made typically derive from: A.moral reasoning B.personal value systems C.ethical sensitivity D.all of the above E.none of the above

Question 31 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Individuals whose beliefs are consistent with a conservative political persuasion tend to focus on which of the following value sets? Question 31 of 40 Individuals whose beliefs are consistent with a conservative political persuasion tend to focus on which of the following value sets? A.ingroup/loyalty B.authority/respect C.purity/sanctity D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 32 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points Individuals whose beliefs are consistent with a liberal political persuasion tend to focus on which of the following value sets? Question 32 of 40 Individuals whose beliefs are consistent with a liberal political persuasion tend to focus on which of the following value sets? A.ingroup/loyalty B.fairness/reciprocity C.authority/respect D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 33 of 40 0.25/ 0.25 Points According to Ajzen’s theory of __________________, formulating an intention to act ethically is a function of a person’s attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Question 33 of 40 According to Ajzen’s theory of __________________, formulating an intention to act ethically is a function of a person’s attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.

A.moral development B.ethical sensitivity C.planned behavior D.moral reasoning E.none of the above Question 34 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points ________, which is likely to determine the magnitude of a person’s moral approval or disapproval, is dependent on issue-related factors, rather than individual or organizational factors. Question 34 of 40 ________, which is likely to determine the magnitude of a person’s moral approval or disapproval, is dependent on issue-related factors, rather than individual or organizational factors. A.moral sensitivity B.moral intention C.moral intensity D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 35 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points According to theorist Tom Jones, an issue’s moral intensity is likely to vary based on which of the following factors? Question 35 of 40 According to theorist Tom Jones, an issue’s moral intensity is likely to vary based on which of the following factors? A.magnitude of consequences B.social consensus C.probability of effect D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 36 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points

________________ refers to

the degree of social agreement that an act is good or bad. Question 36 of 40 ________________ refers to the degree of social agreement that an act is good or bad. A.Social norms B.Social consensus C.Social pressure D.Social dilemmas E.none of the above Question 37 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points ______________ refers to the length of time between an act and the onset of consequences associated with the act. Question 37 of 40 ______________ refers to the length of time between an act and the onset of consequences associated with the act. A.Probability of effect B.Magnitude of consequences C.Temporal immediacy D.Proximity E.none of the above Question 38 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Harmful acts concentrated in a particular area and characterized by ______________, or nearness of an act to its victims and beneficiaries, have high moral intensity. Question 38 of 40 Harmful acts concentrated in a particular area and characterized by ______________, or nearness of an act to its victims and beneficiaries, have high moral intensity. A.temporal immediacy B.concentration of effect C.proximity

D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 39 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Among the organizational characteristics associated with ethical behaviors are which of the following? Question 39 of 40 Among the organizational characteristics associated with ethical behaviors are which of the following? A.codes of ethics B.ethical climate/culture C.organization size D.all of the above E.none of the above Question 40 of 40 0.0/ 0.25 Points Ethical ______________ is determining mentally to take some action that is believed to be morally appropriate. Question 40 of 40 Ethical ______________ is determining mentally to take some action that is believed to be morally appropriate. A.behavior B.intention C.sensitivity D.action E.none of the above