 Ethernet@Automotive webinar series Introduction to Ethernet and IP in automotive vehicles V1.03 | 2015-05-05

Agenda 

2

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Information

Moderator Dipl. Ing. (FH), M.Sc. Jan Bossert Technical Trainer



Areas of responsibility 

CAN, FlexRay, Ethernet and IP



CANoe and CANalyzer

Email: [email protected]

3

Information

Vector trainings/workshops

VectorAcademy 

Basics: >



Products: >



CAN, LIN, Ethernet and IP, …

CANoe, CANalyzer, CANape, …

Software components: >

AUTOSAR, OSEK/VDX, …

Additional information: >

4

www.vector-academy.com

Agenda



5

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Introduction

Ethernet@Automotive webinar series







6

Part 1: Introduction to Ethernet and IP in automotive vehicles >

Moderator: Jan Bossert

>

Wednesday, May 6th, 2015

Part 2: The AUTOSAR Ethernet Stack and its Use Cases >

Moderator: Marc Weber

>

Tuesday, June 2nd, 2015

Part 3: Introduction of Audio/Video Bridging over Ethernet in vehicles >

Moderator: Bernd Jesse

>

Friday, June 12th, 2015

Introduction

Application area Service Control/Discovery

Diagnostics and Flash Update

Measurement and Calibration

SOME/IP

DoIP

XCP

Audio/Video Time Sync

Smart Charging

AVB

ISO 15118 Part 1 + 2

7

6

5

4

TCP/UDP

3

IPv4/IPv6

2

1

7

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

Ethernet PHY (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach, IEEE 100Base-TX/1000Base-T)

ISO 15118 Part 3

Agenda



8

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Physical layers

Ethernet topology in automotive

9

Physical layers

Components of an ECU µC: HOST 

Contains application and basic software



Needs a IEEE Ethernet MAC for Ethernet communication

MII: Medium Independent Interface 

Connection between µC and PHY

MDI: Medium Dependent Interface 

10

Connection to physical layer

Physical layers

Open Alliance BroadR-Reach

ECU 1

Coding/Decoding: 

MASTER

ECU 2

4B3B, 3B2T, PAM3

Clock recovery/Synchronization:

BroadR-Reach



Master-slave behavior

PHY



Configured in PHY

SLAVE BroadR-Reach

PHY

MDI

MDI

UTP: Unshielded Twisted Pair

100 Mbit/s FULL DUPLEX

11

Physical layers

IEEE 100Base-TX Coding/Decoding: 

ECU 1

NRZI, 4B5B, MLT-3 ECU 2

Clock recovery/Synchronization:

100Base-TX

PHY



Each path is activated by transmitter



Synchronization is done continuously

100Base-TX

PHY

MDI

Tx

MDI

Tx

Rx

100 Mbit/s FULL DUPLEX

12

Rx

Physical layers

IEEE 1000Base-T Coding/Decoding: 

4D-PAM5, 8B1Q4

Clock recovery:

13



Master-slave behavior



Role is configured or negotiated

Agenda



14

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

Properties



Independent data link layer which supports different PHYs



Defines basic functions for communication:



15

>

Bus access: CSMA/CD

>

Frame format: Ethernet Frame

>

Addressing: Node addressing

Detailed sub-layers of layer 2: >

LLC: Logical Link Control Controls different connections of higher layers

>

MAC: Medium Access Control Provides above-named functions

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

MAC addresses and VLAN

16

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

Ethernet Frame



17

PRB: Preamble (Start of transmission)



DA: Destination Address



SA: Source Address



Payload: Data field (42-1500 Byte)



CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check





Type: Value ≤ 1500 (0x05DC) >

Ethernet 802.3 Frame

>

Length in Byte

Type: Value > 1536 (0x0600) >

Ethernet II Frame

>

0x8100: VLAN Tag (see VLAN)

Agenda



18

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

Properties



Allows routing of data packets across network boundaries



Two versions are available



19

>

IPv4: Four Byte addresses (32 Bit)

>

IPv6: Sixteen Byte addresses (128 Bit)

Is using Ethernet Frames: >

IPv4: Type 0x0800

>

IPv6: Type 0x86DD

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

IP addresses (Example IPv4)

20

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

IPv4 header

IHL: Internet Header Length (dword) Flags: RESERVED, DF (Don‘t Fragment), MF (More Fragments) 21

Agenda



22

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

TCP and UDP

Introduction TCP: Transmission Control Protocol 

Allows connection-oriented communication

UDP: User Datagram Protocol 

Allows connectionless communication

TCP and UDP 



23

Ports are used for addressing >

Source Port: Transmitter source port

>

Destination Port: Receiver destination port

Are using IP packets: >

TCP: protocol field = 6

>

UDP: protocol field = 17

TCP and UDP

TCP/UDP ports

24

TCP and UDP

TCP segment

25

URG: Urgent Flag

PSH: Push Flag

SYN: Synchronize Flag

ACK: Ackowledgment Flag

RST: Reset Flag

FIN: Finish Flag

TCP and UDP

UDP packet

26

Agenda



27

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Use-oriented protocols

SOME/IP: Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP







Application areas: >

SOME/IP: Service-oriented data transmission for controlled communication

>

SOME/IP-SD: SOME/IP Service Discovery

Uses TCP or UDP packets: >

UDP: connectionless communication

>

TCP: connection-oriented communication

Description file: FIBEX 4.1 >

28

Describes services and content of services (Method, event, field)

Use-oriented protocols

DoIP: Diagnostics over IP Diagnostics and Flash Update



7

6

DoIP

5

29



4

TCP/UDP

3

IPv4/IPv6

2

Ethernet MAC + VLAN

1

Ethernet PHY



Application areas: >

Diagnostics over Ethernet and IP

>

Flash programming

Needs TCP or UDP packets: >

UDP: connectionless communication

>

TCP: connection-oriented communication

Description file: CDD, ODX, etc. >

Describes available diagnostic services

Use-oriented protocols

XCP: Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol







Application areas: >

Measurement (asynchronous/synchronous)

>

Calibration (adjusting/parameterizing)

>

Flash programming

Needs TCP or UDP packets: >

UDP: connectionless communication

>

TCP: connections-oriented communication

Description file: A2L >

30

Describes memory addresses and available objects of an ECU

Use-oriented protocols

AVB: Audio Video Bridging





Application area: >

Time synchronous data transmission

>

Assured worst case latency for data transmission

>

Priority controlled data transmission

Needs Ethernet Frames or VLAN Frames: >



31

Various Ethernet Type: e.g. 0x88F7 (gPTP)

Sub-division of AVB: >

IEEE 802.1Qav/AS/Qat: Synchronization, real time data transmission, priority controlled transmission

>

IEEE 1722: Optional transport protocol

>

IEC 61883: Structure of Audio/Video streaming

Agenda



32

Information

3

Introduction

6

Physical layers

9

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

15

Internet Protocol (IPv4/IPv6)

19

TCP and UDP

23

Use-oriented protocols

28

Summary and outlook

33

Summary and outlook

Application areas Service Control/Discovery

Diagnostics and Flash Update

Measurement and Calibration

SOME/IP

DoIP

XCP

Audio/Video Time Sync

Smart Charging

AVB

ISO 15118 Part 1 + 2

7

6

5

4

TCP/UDP

3

IPv4/IPv6

2

1

33

IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN

Ethernet PHY (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach, IEEE 100Base-TX/1000Base-T)

ISO 15118 Part 3

Summary and outlook

CANoe/CANalyzer.Ethernet 

CANoe/CANalyzer Demo including IP: >

Measuring, analyzing, simulation, testing of Ethernet and IP based communication

>

Free demo version: www.vector.com/vi_downloadcenter_de.html Products: CANoe, Categories: Demos



SCC AddOn (needs CANoe.Ethernet): >

Measuring, analyzing, simulation, testing of Smart Charge Communication

>

Free download: www.vector.com/vi_downloadcenter_de.html Products: CANoe, Categories: AddOns/Freeware

34

CANoe/CANalyzer.Ethernet

Summary and outlook

Ethernet@Automotive webinar series







35

Part 1: Introduction to Ethernet and IP in automotive vehicles >

Moderator: Jan Bossert

>

Wednesday, May 6th, 2015

Part 2: The AUTOSAR Ethernet Stack and its Use Cases >

Moderator: Marc Weber

>

Tuesday, June 2nd, 2015

Part 3: Introduction of Audio/Video Bridging over Ethernet in vehicles >

Moderator: Bernd Jesse

>

Friday, June 12th, 2015

For more information about Vector and our products please visit www.vector.com

Author: Bossert, Jan Vector Informatik GmbH

36

© 2015. Vector Informatik GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V1.03 | 2015-05-05