the magazine of the electroindustry er

Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | February 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 2 i W

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2014 Herm

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Changing the Way

We See Inside

Looking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015 Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop in China 2015 Member Product Showcase

KNOW UL? THINK AGAIN. The challenges and goals you face in today’s market look different than they did 10, 5, or even 2 years ago – so does UL. While our focus on the testing, evaluation, and certification of safe equipment for hazardous locations remains unchanged, we continue to invest in ways to meet your needs on a broader level. For instance, by covering IECEx, ATEX, INMETRO, GOST-R and many other global specifications, UL helps eliminate duplicate testing to reduce costs and accelerate time-to-market. Tell us your needs, our portfolio may surprise you. Customer first, safety always. For more information on UL services for HazLoc, please contact [email protected] or call 1.877.ULHELPS (1.877.854.3577)

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CONTENTS

FEATURES Human-Centric Lighting Moves beyond Energy Efficiency.......................................................................12 Beyond “Doing Good” Lighting Adds Value to Healthcare.......................................................................14 LEDs Reshape Retail Lighting...............................................................................................................18 Maximizing End User Benefits and Enhancing Safety for Outdoor Environments......................................20 Electric Lighting Will Improve Our Quality of Life in the Future...............................................................22 Zhaga Consortium Responds to Evolving Requirements of LED Industry..................................................24 What’s Next for Solid-State Lighting?....................................................................................................26 Daylight Management Champions “Occupant Friendly” Net-Zero Energy Buildings..................................28 The Lighting Revolution: Has Incandescent Really been Overthrown?.....................................................30

the magazine of the electroindustry er

Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | February 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 2 i W

nn

2014 Hermes

a Aw

rd

ECO BOX

Changing the Way

We See

Electroindustry text and cover pages are printed using SFI®-certified Anthem paper using soy ink. • SFI fiber sourcing requirements promote responsible forest management on all suppliers’ lands. • SFI works with environmental, social and industry partners to improve forest practices in North America. • The SFI certified sourcing label is proof Electroindustry is using fiber from responsible and legal sources.

Inside

Looking Back on and Ahead to Lighting Regulations Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop in China 2015 Member Product Showcase

Available on the App Store

electroindustry

Publisher / Editor in Chief | Pat Walsh Contributing Editors | Phallan K. Davis, Chrissy L. S. George, William E. Green III Economic Spotlight | Tim Gill Codes & Standardization Trends | Vince Baclawski Government Relations Update | Kyle Pitsor Art Director | Jennifer Tillmann National Advertising Representative | Bill Mambert

electroindustry (ISSN 1066-2464) is published monthly by NEMA, the Association of Electrical Equipment and Medical Imaging Manufacturers, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209; 703.841.3200. FAX: 703.841.5900. Periodicals postage paid at Rosslyn, VA, and York, PA, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to NEMA, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209. The opinions or views expressed in electroindustry do not necessarily reflect the positions of NEMA or any of its subdivisions. Subscribe to ei, the magazine of the electroindustry, at www.nema.org/subscribe2ei Contact us at [email protected] Follow NEMA:

Newsmakers

NOTES NEMA Officers........................................................................................................................................................................................3 From the Chairman................................................................................................................................................................................3 Views from the Top................................................................................................................................................................................4 Ask the Expert......................................................................................................................................................................................44 Listen to the Expert..............................................................................................................................................................................44

IEC Young Professionals are on their way to becoming conformity assessment leaders.

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DEPARTMENTS Government Relations Update................................................................................................................8 Looking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015................................................................................................8 Lighting Division Illuminates Government Purchasing Requirements................................................................................................9 NEMA Members Brief EGA Negotiators on Energy Efficiency...............................................................................................................9 Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program....................................................................................................10 Electroindustry News...........................................................................................................................32 IEC Young Professionals Program Engenders Standards Development and Conformity Assessment Leaders.................................32 Code Actions/Standardization Trends....................................................................................................34 Lighting Systems Division Takes Proactive Approach with Code Cycles.............................................................................................34 NEMA Launches New Committee on Lighting Systems.....................................................................................................................35

What standards are being developed to address SSL and LED technologies? Karen Willis explains.

Robert Hick, Vice President of R&D Engineering at Leviton Lighting & Energy Solutions, explains why he is NEMA.

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C136 Updates Standards for Publication, Seeks New Membership...................................................................................................36 International Roundup........................................................................................................................38 NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop to Promote Smart Grid in China....................................................................38 Economic Spotlight..............................................................................................................................40 NEMA Lighting Indexes Show Mixed Results.....................................................................................................................................40

Did You Know? NEMA is proud to be a Gold Associate sponsor of the 2015 International Year of Light and Light-Based Technologies. In proclaiming a year of focus on lighting and lighting technologies, the United Nations is emphasizing the promise of modern lighting discoveries, products, and applications to improve the quality of life for everyone. Multiple projects and activities around the world offer an opportunity for engagement. To learn more, visit www.light2015.org.

Officers Chairman Don Hendler President & CEO Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.

FROM THE CHAIRMAN “Disruptive technology” is a popular phrase that describes innovations that upset common thinking and (quite appropriately) applies to the numerous technological advances that define today’s lighting industry. In practical terms, disruptive technology breaks through the clutter to keep products relevant.

First Vice Chairwoman Maryrose Sylvester President & CEO GE Lighting

The effects of the lighting revolution—especially the rapid adoption and widespread use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs)—are changing our lives in ways we never imagined. One of the most significant opportunities created by the LED revolution is the ease of control and the opportunity to apply controls in ways that were previously too costly or complex for comprehensive implementation.

Second Vice Chairman Michael Pessina President Lutron Electronics Company, Inc.

LEDs inspire disruption most notably by enabling occupancy-based switching and dimming, daylight harvesting, and interoperability. With dimmable LED drivers being broadly available and applied, we now have an entirely new frontier of controllable applications. These and other technologies are explored in this month’s issue of ei.

Treasurer Thomas S. Gross Vice Chairman & COO Eaton Corporation Immediate Past Chairman John Selldorff President and CEO Legrand North America President & CEO Kevin J. Cosgriff Secretary Clark R. Silcox

Not only are NEMA member companies at the forefront of disruptive technology, they are also developing meaningful standards that will drive effectiveness. As in any frontier, stability engenders growth. This is a key moment. NEMA’s proven ability to hasten adoption of technology through standards inspires owner confidence that their investments are sustainable and supported by industry leaders. Specifically, NEMA SSL 7A-2013 and LSD 62-2012 establish uniform standards of performance in phasecontrolled LED dimming, and clear definitions of a systems approach for lighting control. There are other examples across the breadth and depth of electroindustry products encompassed by NEMA scope. MG 1 Motors and Generators was a driving force behind the adoption of federal and international motor efficiency levels. SG-IC 1 Smart Grid Interoperable & Conformant Testing and Certification Scheme Operator Guidelines establishes the characteristics of interoperability between devices and systems associated with the electric grid. In the arena of medical imaging, XR 25 Computed Tomography Dose Check, which incorporates dose notifications and alerts, was later adopted and updated as an IEC international standard. The rapid rate of adoption and transformation emphasizes why NEMA was founded in 1926. While technology has changed—and will continue to change—the need for safe, effective, and compatible products has not. NEMA members’ leadership underpins positive disruption and makes technological advances the new common thinking…until the next disruption. ei

Don Hendler Chairman, NEMA Board of Governors

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Views from the Top ŰŰInformation Technology Sets Stage for Connected, Intelligent Lighting Systems Amy Huntington, President of Philips Lighting Americas

In a recent article for Harvard Business Review, industry experts Michael E. Porter and James E. Heppelman describe how information technology is revolutionizing products. We are now in the era of “smart, connected products…made possible by vast improvements in processing power and device miniaturization, and by the network benefits of ubiquitous wireless connectivity.” These connected products “offer exponentially expanding opportunities for new functionality, greater reliability, much higher product utilization, and capabilities that cut across and transcend traditional product boundaries.” According to MarketsandMarkets, the size of the smart lighting market will be $56.05 billion by 2020. NEMA member companies are applying the principles of connected technology to lighting, creating connected, intelligent systems that deliver the best possible illumination experiences, as well as significant value beyond illumination. At the most basic level, lighting systems combine luminaires and controls. LED (light-emitting diode) technology affords opportunities for integrating controls directly into luminaires. Intelligent or connected luminaires can, in turn, integrate with IT networks in cities and facilities, and with lighting management software systems that offer new capabilities for monitoring, control, optimization, and autonomy. All LED-based luminaires have memory and processing capacities, and most have some type of communications. Some LED luminaires share information about their own status and operations— internal operating temperature, energy

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

metering, lifetime status—which lighting system managers can use to optimize system performance, efficiency, and maintenance. Some use integrated sensors to collect information on occupancy and other aspects of illuminated spaces—including activity patterns, temperature and humidity changes, and daylight levels. LED luminaires with rich illumination capabilities, such as dynamic colorchanging and tunable white light, use integrated controls to offer responsive behaviors with many benefits. Targeting light levels to support specific tasks can help improve personal performance, while adjustments to color temperature can enhance ambience and the presentation of objects. Color-changing scenes and effects can transform environments for special purposes and occasions, while full-color accent lighting can create a sense of excitement or relaxation in a space. Incorporating Energy Efficiency Philips, for example, is expanding on the idea of LED luminaires with integrated controls to imagine a “digital ceiling”—a distributed computing platform that combines a network of connected luminaires with external control devices, sensors, communications points, databases, and software. In the digital ceiling, each uniquely identified and controllable luminaire becomes a point of intelligence and communications. With integrated lighting management software on the back end, system owners and managers can store, visualize, and analyze data collected from the illuminated environment for enhanced decision support, streamlined workflows, and optimized energy efficiency. With integrated wireless communications, connected lighting systems can deliver completely new experiences. Visual light communications (VLC, or coded

light) use the LED beam itself to send a data signal that can be received by the camera on a smartphone running a mobile app. Coded light provides highly accurate positioning, with a precision of better than about two feet. In tandem with VLC, systems can use Wi-Fi, Bluetooth low energy, or other wireless communications to deliver in-context information and location-based services. Location-based services have the potential to transform the way that people navigate indoors in much the same way that GPS has transformed the way we navigate outdoors. Wayfinding applications can provide vital services to people in airports, supermarkets, shopping malls, large office complexes, university campuses, and other indoor spaces. Shoppers can benefit from instore couponing, in-context decision support, and personalized lighting control in fitting rooms; retailers can gain deeper insight into customer behavior and preferences and provide a more satisfying customer experience. Clearly, the time for connected, intelligent lighting systems is now. In a solid-state lighting market workshop offered by the U.S. Department of Energy in November, Dan Mellinger, lighting strategy manager for the independent environmental group Efficiency Vermont, pointed to the need for enhanced lighting controls and intelligent illumination to help organizations achieve aggressive energy efficiency and sustainability goals. “Vermont results may be a leading indicator for other markets nationwide,” wrote Mr. Mellinger, pointing to the state’s lagging adoption of smart, connected LED lighting solutions. “Programs must act now on emerging LED categories. The solution must incorporate controls. Conventional program approaches will not be enough.” ei

Views from the Top ŰŰPursuing Quality of Life in Work and Play

Tom Salpietra, President & COO, EYE Lighting International of N.A., Inc.

Less than seven years ago, lighting manufacturers began work to address the task of converting the four basic lighting groups— incandescent, linear and compact fluorescent, halogen, and high intensity discharge—into new and unique solid-state LED (light-emitting diode) products. Their R&D centers were given direction by the Department of Energy (DOE) to replace older technologies with new semiconductor technology sprung from the computer and internet revolutions of the 1990s. The reason was to encourage America to become “energy independent.” Little did anyone know that in 2015, DOE will likely announce that the initiative to convert America to energyefficient lighting has been accomplished, even though this is measured by only a little more than one-third of all new products sold.1 This is not to say there isn’t much yet to do—it indicates that the ball is rolling downhill and gaining momentum. DOE has done its job; end users, specifiers, manufacturers, and the many other players in lighting’s circle of life must now carry through with theirs. Today the mantra is no longer “energy savings.” We have matured the concept to interchangeability, interoperability, and interconnectivity. Each focuses on a special set of circumstances around which lighting and controls, and all other associated equipment, interact. Lighting products today do more than just provide visibility; they enable quality of life in work and play everywhere in the world. Estimates from NEMA/BIS Statistics

1

For cities and municipalities, the challenge is immense. They must make the switch while not affecting their communities and the ways their constituencies interact indoors during the day and outdoors at night. The intent now is to improve that interaction and bring a higher level of lighting quality experience to the forefront. For the educational segment, especially colleges and universities, change means eliminating energy-hogging lighting while maintaining the integrity of their campuses for security and safety, and for the aesthetic appeal to attract and retain students.

Today the mantra is no longer “energy savings.” We have matured the concept to interchangeability, interoperability, and interconnectivity. Retail shops, hospitality venues, healthcare facilities, industrial complexes, and governmental institutions must also address their own sets of must-keep requirements while paving a path to energy efficiency. And the greater infrastructure of our country—managed by utilities, electric co-ops, and other generating and transporting entities—must adapt and integrate their supplies of electricity to a changing draw of power consumption, while focusing on systems security to make their networks impervious to cyberattacks.

From Disaster, Success Nearly four years ago, Japan experienced a terrible earthquake and tsunami. I was in Japan at the time, and though I was many miles away from the destruction, I saw the entire country frozen and stunned over a 24-hour period. Over the next three years, Japan emerged as the leading LED-adopting country in the world, now standing at nearly twothirds of all lighting products sold being LED. They did it with a semblance of cohesive order and initiative across all energy-consuming entities. The U.S. will get there, albeit perhaps a decade from now. Champions of Interoperability The path ahead is being championed by NEMA and the newly-formed ASC C137 Committee (See “NEMA Launches New Committee on Lighting Systems,” page 35.) Its task is to provide guidance to properly integrate lighting into a system of interconnected devices with the interoperability that everyone expects in the internet age. The good thing about this approach: it’s inclusive of all stakeholders. There is no reason not to expect it to succeed. Quality of light— not just Kelvin temperatures, color renderings, lumens, and life ratings— will be clearly in their sights as they move forward. By grand plan design, the first decade of energy efficiency made us more aware as a nation of what we can do when the government provides guidance and encouragement. We can and should celebrate our collaborative success. The next part of history is for lighting and controls manufacturers and end-users to direct. I predict that we’ll develop a very interesting set of tenets whose roots come from an industry that has flourished for more than 100 years. ei NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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View from the Top ŰŰIntegrated Lighting Races to Bright Future Steve Hane, CEO, and Neil Cannon, CMO, TERRALUX

Steve Hane

Neil Cannon

Modern LED (light-emitting diode) technology has led the way to high efficiency lighting. With astonishing regularity, its costs have fallen and efficacy grown. Better LED sources continue to evolve. Iterations of the gallium nitride semiconductor and phosphor technology improve color consistency, color rendering, and new optical distributions of white LEDs. The fast-paced revolution means that significantly advanced products now appear in months rather than years. Rapid improvement, however, obfuscates a more important characteristic of LED technology that portends its long-term future. LEDs are semiconductor devices and as such, are low-voltage devices that are easily integrated with other semiconductors. Adding new capabilities to an LED light is analogous to adding a digital camera to a cell phone. The phone already has a battery, display, charging port, housing, and integrated circuits that process and communicate images. All that is required is to add the photocell, software, lens, and (of course) an LED for the flash in order to create a camera phone. On a larger scale, adding features to LED lighting that encompass existing building sensory and control infrastructure takes advantage of the lighting’s electricallypowered location and, crucially, its lowvoltage circuitry.

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Swiss Army Knife of Electronics The job of integrating separate building control and sensory functions into a light fixture may appear complex. For building owner and contractors, numerous separate systems are a highly inefficient use of money and resources. Each must have a separate housing, power conversion, and usually a communications network. LED lighting, in contrast, can be a one-stop shop—the “Swiss army knife” of building electronics. Lighting, the first required electrical device in any building, is ubiquitously deployed. Indoor fixtures are often placed every 100 square feet, or even more densely. Collecting data from sensors in such a dense deployment has yet unimagined uses. Just as the inventors of the internet wanted only to share academic data among universities and were unlikely to have foreseen Facebook or Instagram, the creators of networks that interconnect lights and sensors are unlikely to foresee all of the eventual uses of those networks and information. This represents a paradigm shift for an industry that has defined its primary charter as providing light fixtures, replacement bulbs, and controls to adjust light levels and minimize energy use. Changes Coming Lighting is one of the last technologies to undergo a change from bulk technologies (i.e., vacuum tubes) to semiconductor technology. The radio was upgraded from vacuum tubes to transistors in the 1960s. The personal computer displaced the typewriter in the 1980s. Being the latest technology to use semiconductors has one distinct advantage: the built-up infrastructure already exists to make, refine, reduce cost, and interconnect sensors, high speed wireless integrated circuits, and cloud-based storage.

It only takes clever engineers working within a corporate culture of innovation to create integrated products. As the lighting industry transforms, the race to provide new features and value is just getting started. Note the progress of smart phones from the introduction of the original Blackberry in 2003 through latest iPhone. Future phones will incorporate more storage, faster data interconnection, higher resolution screens and cameras, better sound quality, more precise GPS, and faster processing. They will make the earlier versions appear obsolete.

The race to provide new features and value is just getting started. The latest 2015 LED will look “so last year” when compared with the 2016 version. At each step of the evolution, LED lighting will consume less energy and provide better illumination. In time, the benefits to the building owner will arise from capabilities such as more granular control of HVAC systems, better security for occupants, or the ability to command higher rents for a building equipped with the latest technology. How semiconductors will change the lighting industry within buildings—and how the experience of the building occupants will change—will perhaps be more obvious in retrospect. Change is coming. If you are reading this on a cell phone, think back to when that was impossible. It wasn’t that long ago, but easy to forget in an avalanche of applications we already take for granted.

© 2015 OSRAM SYLVANIA

www.osram-americas.com

Light is life Transcending the bounds of how we think about lighting At OSRAM, we’re ushering in a new era of possibilities that will seamlessly integrate light into every aspect of our lives. See how over 100 years of OSRAM innovation is changing the future of lighting at www.osram-americas.com. Light is OSRAM Facebook.com/sylvania

Twitter.com/sylvania

Youtube.com/sylvanialight

Government Relations Update ŰŰLooking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015 In 2014, NEMA staff and members responded to government and state entities (U.S. and Canada) with more than 235 pages of substantive comments and proposals in more than 25 documents and presentations. HID Lamps The year closed on a high point. For the first time, the Department of Energy (DOE) released a negative determination regarding an open rulemaking for a minimum energy conservation standard. It released findings and analysis indicating that energy conservation standards for high intensity discharge (HID) lamps were neither technically nor financially feasible. This is the result of three years of concerted effort by NEMA staff and Lamp Section members, during which time NEMA contributed 84 pages of comments to DOE proceedings identifying and illustrating myriad considerations and challenges regarding potential energy savings. While some energy savings is achievable in HID lamps and systems, the complexity of how to achieve those savings lies outside DOE’s sphere of influence. This announcement marks a well-tempered departure from recent regulatory practices, which often seek energy savings despite the costs. On December 30, 2014, DOE published the Final Rule for General Service Fluorescent Lamps and Incandescent Reflector Lamps (GSFL-IRL). This concluded the rulemaking’s second iteration of standards. Throughout the three-year process, NEMA submitted more than 110 pages of substantive technical comments to the proceedings. Additionally, NEMA and its members commented at length on the technical and financial feasibility of elevating many products’ already high performance standards even higher. The final rule reflects the thoughtful

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

incorporation of many NEMA comments by DOE, including no change in standards for IRLs, though some fluorescent products may have limited offerings once the rule is implemented. General Service Lamps NEMA is exploring opportunities for a negotiated rulemaking for general service lamps, i.e. screw base light bulbs. DOE has a rulemaking underway, but NEMA and energy advocates are discussing whether a privately negotiated solution might save time and provide a more feasible and acceptable solution, as when NEMA negotiated revised energy standards for electric motors in 2013. External Power Supplies NEMA is addressing concerns with the DOE rule for external power supplies (EPS), published in February 2014. During proceedings (which began in 2009), NEMA held that lighting products, particularly those that use light-emitting diodes (LEDs), should not be within scope because they are evolving rapidly and represent significant existing investment. Furthermore, these products are more efficient than their predecessors, and save significant energy by comparison. Because of the position and recommendations of the NEMA Lighting Systems Division, and due to a lack of timely response by DOE to these concerns, NEMA did not contribute technical data or considerations to the rulemaking proceedings. As a result, the final rule and the test procedures are not structured to adequately test or judge LED products. While DOE opened a rulemaking to revise the EPS test procedures in late 2014, problems with requirements in the standard prevent a full solution for LEDs. NEMA is developing recommended solutions to DOE, most of which hinge on DOE making specific statements as to product coverage and scope, perhaps even conducting a specific rulemaking.

California Title 20 and Title 24 NEMA submitted 12 sets of comments to the California Energy Commission’s (CEC) process for Title 20 and Title 24 energy-efficiency regulations. NEMA staff and members met with CEC six times in 2014. Comments revolved around positions that requirements must be technically feasible and cost effective, and wherever possible, performancebased and non-prescriptive. The difference between these two approaches is critical. If regulation defines energy savings at the component level, alternative solutions using unmentioned products and systems cannot be used in the field. Performancebased only sets an efficiency requirement, and allows for multiple paths to yield energy savings and a corresponding openness for product selection and combination. NEMA favors an open market, and as such favors performancebased regulations over prescriptive regulations. ENERGY STAR® Lighting Programs NEMA also positively influenced ENERGY STAR lighting programs during 2014 by establishing and hosting efforts to discuss future program scope and contents through roadmapping. NEMA facilitated webinars and teleconferences for three distinct working groups made up of ENERGY STAR lighting stakeholders from NEMA, energy advocacies, energy partnerships, utilities, and retailers. These working groups considered issues such as verification testing improvements, consumer preferences, market trends, new technologies, and potential future program directions. The results of these discussions were submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency for consideration. ei Alex Boesenberg, Manager, Government Relations | [email protected]

ŰŰLighting Division Illuminates Government Purchasing Requirements As we have seen in many sectors, it can take governments many years to recognize and understand the impact of industry innovations on existing policies. In January, NEMA published a white paper on behalf of the Lighting Systems Division that illuminates the industry impacts of requirements or preferences that federal, state, and local governments can place on the manufacturing location of products they seek to purchase. The paper also coincides with consideration in many state legislatures of proposals to place “Buy X”-type requirements or preferences. This month, NEMA staff is following up with a webinar briefing for state government officials and legislators on this important topic area for NEMA lighting member companies. As explained in the paper, if U.S. federal, state, and local governments establish preferences for domestic end use products, they should be developed

with a consideration of the complex issues related to end user cost, supply chain logistics, production efficiencies, and international trade agreements. This paper is intended to assist policy makers and government officials in evaluating important considerations related to the goal of procuring energyefficient lighting systems to improve operational efficiencies while supporting domestic manufacturing and U.S. jobs in procurement policies. The following issues should be carefully considered when developing or enforcing policies associated with domestic procurement: inconsistent product definitions; technology changes in lighting; supply chain management, particularly for specific types of inputs such as steel; highvolume parts production; U.S.-based manufacturing and assembly operations; U.S. international trade commitments

and negotiations; and responsible use of public funds. The paper concludes with recommendations that governments recognize not only the limitations in supply of some domesticallymanufactured components—which regularly necessitate waivers of domestic sourcing requirements—but also the vitality of lighting industry jobs supported by manufacturing and assembly operations that serve their markets. NEMA Government Relations tracks and reports regularly to interested member companies on federal and state legislation that would place preferences or restrictions on purchasing based on the manufacturing location of a product or its components. ei Craig Updyke, Manager, Trade and Commercial Affairs | [email protected]

ŰŰNEMA Members Brief EGA Negotiators on Energy Efficiency State-of-the-art lighting technologies were one product area featured in a January 28 briefing coordinated by NEMA for government delegates negotiating an agreement to eliminate import duties on products with environmental benefits. Held at the World Trade Organization (WTO) headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, presenters from NEMA member companies and allied organizations explained the importance of including specific energy-efficient and energy management and control products in the Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA). Approximately 19 percent of global electricity usage is attributed to gridconnected lighting, according to the International Energy Agency, and this number is expected to increase over the next 20 years. However, as was noted at the briefing, technologies exist today that,

if more widely deployed, can drastically cut lighting electricity demand even as lighting availability increases. In the lighting area, NEMA is advocating for inclusion in the EGA of solid-state lamps, light-emitting diodes, digitallyaddressable fluorescent ballasts, solid state drivers, solid-state luminaires, and lighting controls. NEMA is also advocating for inclusion of energyefficient motors, variable frequency drives, some power electronics products, and other items involved in energy control and management in industrial and residential spaces. At press time, fifteen parties are engaged in EGA talks, which are open to any WTO member country: Australia, Canada, China, Costa Rica, European Union, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, South

Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the U.S. Until March, each country will submit nominations for products to be included in an EGA tariff agreement. Participating countries will be surveyed on which of the products they would support or object to. Then, the real negotiations will start. Participating countries would agree to eliminate immediately or progressively (over several years) their own customs import duties on covered products imported from any other WTO member country. Earlier in January, NEMA filed comments with the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative in support of a proposal to add Israel and Turkey to EGA negotiations. ei Craig Updyke, Manager, Trade and Commercial Affairs | [email protected] NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Government Relations Update ŰŰWashington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program The start of the new year often brings with it ambition and change, both of which are reflected in LightRecycle Washington, a ground-breaking program for safe disposal of mercuryadded lamps that launched in the state on January 1. Authorized by the passage of HB 22461 in 2014, LightRecycle Washington represents a new direction for sustainable recycling of a product that all agree should be kept out of the waste stream. Energy-efficient, mercury-added light sources such as linear and compact fluorescent lamps have greatly enhanced energy conservation in all sectors of the economy. Although the mercury content An act relating to financing for stewardship of mercurycontaining lights; see apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default. aspx?cite=70.275

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in each lamp is minimal—usually 10 milligrams or less—recycling spent lamps is far preferable to disposal and is required under federal law for large, commercial generators that may discard hundreds of lamps at a time. Last year, Washington became the third state—after Maine and Vermont—to enact a mandate for lamp manufacturers to develop and implement a statewide recycling program for “mercurycontaining lights.” HB 2246 requires producers to designate a stewardship organization qualified to meet this mandate, and to work with them to ensure the program meets statutory requirements. What’s distinctive about the law, however, is the requirement that the program be financed through application of an

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Environmental Handling Charge (EHC) to be applied at retail sale of each new mercury-containing lamp sold within the state. The stewardship entity that manufacturers designated for this effort —PCA Product Stewardship, Inc. (or ProductCare)—has determined that the fee will be 25 cents per lamp to start, with adjustments possible as the program evolves. Proceeds will be relayed to ProductCare and used to support the network of collection sites, transportation of spent lamps, processing at recycling facilities, education and outreach, and all other program expenses. The “consumer fee” approach is being employed in a growing number of states to fund programs to recycle used paint, and more recently has been adopted for carpets and mattresses as well. There is no precedent for lamps in the U.S., although ProductCare has been successfully running a fee-based program in British Columbia, Canada, for several years. The Washington program will have many parallels to its Canadian counterpart and will no doubt profit from the experience there. The first months will be challenging as manufacturers integrate EHC into their supply chains and the system works out its initial kinks. Ultimately, however, manufacturers and state regulatory authorities expect that an efficient, accessible, and widely used program for safely managing mercury-added lamps in Washington will be in place for the foreseeable future. Lighting producers, distributors, retailers, and other interested parties can learn more about the program and any obligations it may entail by contacting ProductCare and LightRecycle Washington directly: lightrecyclewa.org. ei Mark Kohorst, Senior Manager, Environment, Health & Safety | [email protected]

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Whether you’re lighting an aisle, an arena or a factory floor, choose GE. You’ll shine bright and save energy from top to bottom.

From fixtures to lamps and controls, see how we’re leading the way in lighting innovation at gelighting.com/contactus.

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Human-Centric Lighting Moves beyond Energy Efficiency Jes Munk Hansen, President and CEO, Osram Sylvania

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oday we are on the brink of a revolution, and one of a magnitude that we could not fully grasp even three years ago. The on/off era of lighting has come to an end, and a new era of possibilities in our industry is here. The reality is that lighting isn’t just functional anymore—and the opportunities are huge. Turning possibility into reality means thinking beyond the pursuit of energy efficiency—a factor that has driven our business for several decades. Thanks to improvements in LEDs (light-emitting diodes), controls, and sensors, we have already achieved incredible energy efficiency in the past ten years, but it’s time to be honest about the reality of diminishing returns. Energy efficiency has become a commodity over time—a basic expectation. The growth of color-tunable LED technology, the latest innovation to bring added value to solid-state lighting, can be seen everywhere from your living room to the most dynamic architectural lighting installations in the world. However, the ability to adjust color is fast becoming a commodity as well. The future of solid-state lighting depends on all of us thinking much bigger than breaking the next lumens-per-watt barrier. Now is the time to consider what greater value these technologies can offer when we mold them into our world and our lives providing connected, human-centric lighting.

Changing the Way We Live Lighting is now intuitive, adaptive, and connected. Light is safety. Light is healing. Light is empowering. Light is engaging. Light is life. Only by fundamentally changing the way we think about light can we begin to shape how these technologies will impact our quality of life and our future. As lighting technology goes digital and becomes smarter and more connected, it will impact the way we grow our food, the way we interact with our work environment, the way we buy and

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sell goods—the way we live. The challenge we face as an industry is to imagine and develop the numerous possibilities that digital lighting holds, and lead our society into this new era of light. There are already real-world examples of how digital connected light is changing the way we live. For example, in the retail industry, 80 percent of all purchasing decisions for clothing are made in the dressing room— historically a depressing, poorly lit room where purchasing decisions are left to the imagination of the consumer. Today, with a dynamic new lighting system, the dressing room can be transformed into a personalized virtual reality space, creating a totally new shopping experience. LED lighting combined with intelligent media displays give shoppers an immersive lighting experience complete with video animations of different settings, allowing them to simulate the real-life environments where they’d be wearing the clothing they’re trying on. The array of integrated LED fixtures provide dynamic effects, seamless color mixing, and high quality white light to improve color quality and color rendering index for accurate decision making. THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF LIGHT ON HUMANS

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q Changing the Way We See There is also a growing interest in the lighting community to better understand how lighting influences our quality of life, health, and wellbeing. In fact, there is a physical link between light and our biological system. The retina in our eyes contains intrinsic photo-sensitive retinal ganglion cells that are responsible for our biological activity, such as our inner clock, sleep-wake cycle, performance, and alertness. To activate these cells you need light mainly in the blue portion of the visible spectrum. However, it is not enough for blue light to simply enter the eye to activate these special cells. The cells are more sensitive in the lower part of your retina and therefore, light entering the eyeball from above has more effect. Before people worked in office environments, we all lived and worked outside under the sun and the blue sky. Humans evolved under a warm color–temperature morning sunrise, a cool blue midday sky, warm color–temperature sunset in the evening, and darkness at night; we still crave the conditions under which we evolved. Today’s optimized lighting solutions must take this human experience and evolution into account. Today’s lighting solutions take tunable LED lighting one step further to account for our evolutionary roots and the human experience: human-centric lighting. Aside from using our knowledge of biology to create the correct light output and distribution, advanced LED control technologies let us teach digital lighting systems how to think like us so they can adapt to our behavior in a room, including adjustments from warm to cooler blue color–temperatures as the day progresses.

Changing the Way We Feel The impact of some of these developments can also be seen within the healthcare industry. The patient room of tomorrow is here today. Its dynamic, human-centric lighting systems are designed to improve both quality of care and patient outcomes.

We are only beginning to discover how digital lighting can impact the healthcare space. As wearable technologies such as Fitbit® and Google Glass make their way into the healthcare environment as a connected tool for patients, doctors, and nurses, amazing things are happening. Patients will soon wear a device that constantly measures vital signs—heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, temperature—and automatically communicates that information to the nurses’ station. That same device will provide staff with actionable information and patients with a better hospital experience, such as sensing activity and triggering amber lighting to turn on in the middle of the night so a patient can use the restroom with minimal sleep disruption. These ideas inspire us all to think beyond energy efficiency; however, to make this happen, we need to develop standards addressing compatibility challenges. The increased complexity of compatibility requires us to think beyond a bulb-toswitch mentality and toward an approach that considers the entire lighting ecosystem. Holistically recognizing the entire ecosystem of today’s lighting systems is key to shaping the future of the industry. Working together with more open collaboration will inspire innovation and provide our industry with an economy of abundance for years to come. Lighting isn’t just on/off anymore. Light is intuitive, adaptive, and connected. Only by fundamentally changing the way we think about light can we begin to shape how these technologies will impact our lives and our future. Just imagine the possibilities of what we can achieve together. Each of us plays a part in making the possibilities of our future a reality, and we should all look at opportunities to lay the foundation as we bring the marketplace of tomorrow beyond energy efficiency. ei Mr. Hansen, who joined OSRAM Americas in October 2013, is focused on new technologies and standards that redefine the lighting industry.

THE TIMELINE OF LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY

ON/OFF WORLD

Light bulbs and switches largely represent the way most people still think about lighting today, as a basic function, a mundane mechanical tool that only has two modes: on and off

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Kicked off by late 20th century energy crises, the lighting industry has been on a relentless pursuit of energy efficiency for decades, and thanks to improvements in LED’s, controls and sensors, we’ve achieved incredible energy efficiency in the past decade. But at this point, efficiency has become table stakes in the lighting industry.

ADAPTIVE LIGHTING

The growth of adaptive, color tunable LED technology has been the latest innovation to bring added value to solid state lighting, but while the ability to tweak color and color temperature is useful, it is fast becoming a commodity as well.

CONNECTED HUMANCENTRIC LIGHTING

By adding intelligence and connectivity, today’s lighting solutions take tunable LED lighting one step further to account for our evolutionary roots and the human experience. Advanced LED control technologies let us teach digital lighting systems how to think like us, so they can react intuitively and automatically to our behavior in a room, and also adjust from warm to cooler blue color temperatures as the day progresses.

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Beyond “Doing Good”

Lighting Adds Value to Healthcare Karyn Gayle, EDAC, MIES, Vice-President, Healthcare Vertical, Acuity Brands Lighting

L

ight has always been essential to our quality of life. Although our ancestors utilized light from the sun, stars, moon, and fire, activity and productivity primarily occurred from dawn to dusk. Light, however, was not purely utilitarian—it also helped to signal the passage of time.

Those days feel very distant from today’s world. Historians point to the harnessing of electricity and the invention of the electric light bulb as seminal events that led to the modernization of our industrialized economies. Advancements in lighting made it possible for people to consume light on demand, day or night— a phenomenon that was previously unfathomable. Yale economist Bill Nordhaus estimated that 4,000 years ago, a day’s wages would buy roughly ten minutes of poor-quality (e.g., oil lamp) light. In the 1990s, he estimated that a day’s wages could buy tens of thousands of hours of light. Now, as we experience yet another technological revolution in lighting— one where light can be delivered more efficiently and sustainably than ever before—we ask if lighting technology can do more? Can lighting go beyond simply enhancing visibility to making our lives better?

Designing for Darkness Narrowing our focus to the settings where improved quality of life matters most, healthcare tops the list. In the U.S., we have a healthcare system that is the most expensive in the world. However, that hefty spend does not translate into a picture of perfect health. As part of recent industry reform, healthcare facility owners are keenly focused on patient experience as well as reducing costs. Designers of healthcare facilities have an important role to play in system reform, and trends such as evidence-based design provide a useful framework to connect aspects of the built environment to better outcomes. Without question, light is the most important external stimulus for vision, critical to the performance of the complex visual tasks performed daily in healthcare facilities. However, its contribution doesn’t stop there. Exposure to light at certain times of day can keep us synchronized to a 24-hour biological clock, or circadian rhythm. The circadian clock seeks intense light, with spectral characteristics similar to those in sunlight, in the morning and early afternoon. Later in the day, our bodies seek lower light levels, and ultimately, darkness. With the onset of dim light, our bodies secrete a hormone called melatonin, which signals to us, as diurnal (day-active) mammals, that it is time to sleep. While today’s technology has allowed us to de-couple our activity levels from the rising and setting sun, our circadian systems still seek 24-hour light-dark patterns for optimal function. Maintaining circadian entrainment is incredibly important as our circadian “pacemaker” regulates a number of crucial biological functions (most notably our sleep/ wake cycles).

Medical imaging suite at Fort Belvoir Community Hospital promotes a calming environment. Photo courtesy of HDR Architecture, Inc. © 2011 Ari Burling

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Lighting Up Quality of Life Q Sleep matters. Many of us function as “walking wounded,” with steadily accumulating sleep deficits and myriad health and wellbeing issues that accompany lack of sleep. The Centers for Disease Control has called sleep deprivation a public health epidemic, affecting an estimated 50-70 million people in the U.S. In addition to the obvious impacts on alertness and productivity, insufficient sleep has been linked to hypertension, obesity, diabetes, depression and mood disorders, heightened risk of Alzheimer’s disease, lower immune system response, and reduced life expectancies.

As digital lighting systems become more broadly available, LED systems that can simulate daylight may become pervasive, changing color and intensity over the course of a day. For pediatric care, the use of colored light that changes in response to user input can be a welcome departure from rooms that are often stark and emotionally detached from occupants.

These issues are not exclusive to healthcare, but when we consider the mission of healthcare environments, is there any question that using lighting to improve sleep hygiene for patients should be a key area of focus? We have become accustomed to designing for the inclusion of light, but we will increasingly need to incorporate darkness into our facilities, particularly during quiet times and nighttime hours, when too much ambient light can interrupt patient’s sleep. Light can improve mood, provide positive distraction, and promote quality of care in the healthcare environment. Several studies have established the link between higher light levels and the reduction of adverse events, such as falls and medication dispensing errors. An aging population makes the topic of light quantity especially relevant. Age-related changes to the physiology of the eye require increases in the quantity of light delivered. According to U.S. Census Bureau, the Baby Boomer generation brings the proportion of adults aged 65 and older to roughly 20 percent of the overall population. We must ensure that sufficient light is delivered in affected healthcare settings.

Personalizing Architecture We are better equipped to solve lighting challenges than ever before. The technological renaissance in the lighting industry has resulted in the growing dominance of digital lighting and controls. The benefits of light-emitting diode (LED) sources, such as energy efficiency, longevity, and controllability, are well documented and continue to improve. Lighting controls have emerged as the key to unlocking the vast potential of new lighting technologies, and the use of intelligent, networked lighting controls enables healthcare facilities to control the intensity and operation of their lighting systems in response to task needs, time of day, and other stimuli.

Tampa General Medical Group’s Family Care Center is comfortable and inviting. © Courtesy of Acuity Brands

Performance and costs continue to improve in other digital light sources. Organic LEDs (OLEDs) are diffuse, planar luminous sources that give us a tantalizing glimpse of what we can expect from lighting in the future. Delivering soft, comfortable illumination while staying cool to the touch, wafer-thin OLEDs require no shielding and very minimal mechanical integration. OLEDs usher in a future where lighting systems can be integrated into architecture in an elegant way, thus providing an antidote to the harsh, institutional ambience most often associated with care facilities.

New technology may just be the tip of the iceberg. The value of technology isn’t necessarily about the devices themselves—it is really about their connection to our lives through apps and interfaces that create interactive, personalized experiences. Billions of dollars of investments have created a healthcare system that is more wired than ever. continued on page 16 NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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continued from page 15

Wired to Do Good As apps become more pervasive, they may become the primary means by which we connect with care providers and systems. Leading-edge lighting systems can network with real-time positional tracking for geographical guidance, patient safety alerts, or customizing the intensity or color of light. Light can enhance our lives in profound ways, and it is important to note that lighting for function and safety in healthcare settings is still of paramount concern. Maslow’s hierarchy1 still applies—we must first feel secure about our basic ability to survive before devoting our attention to higher-order needs.

In “A Theory of Human Motivation” (Psychological Review, 1943), Abraham Maslow outlined a five-stage model that shows a progression of human needs from physiological demands through safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

1

OLED pendants customize commercial office space in Oakland, California. © 2014 John Sutton, courtesy Acuity Brands

We should expect that modern lighting systems will enable us to survive and thrive. Even the Hippocratic Oath to

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“do no harm” is prefaced by the directive that physicians must first try to do good. In this context, we are encouraged to consider the visual, biological, and psychological implications of lighting if we really want to “do good” in modern healthcare settings. ei Ms. Gayle, who has more than 15 years of experience in the lighting industry, is keenly focused on understanding and improving the visual experience of those in the healthcare industry in a sustainable, energy-efficient manner.

LED PAR lamps are gaining popularity in places where halogen has been the norm, including furniture and grocery stores.

LEDs Reshape Retail Lighting Joseph Howley, Manager, Industry Relations, GE Lighting

A

t retail stores, fashions come and go, and today’s must-have merchandise is tomorrow’s overstock. Lighting, however, has been slow to change— until now. There was essentially no use of LED (light-emitting diode) lighting by retailers just ten years ago, except in some refrigerated cases and signage. Now, an LED option exists for virtually every lighting application in a typical store.

a fluorescent solution. LED will continue to make more sense to more retailers as time goes on, but many store owners still prefer the look, feel, and familiarity of halogen and fluorescent.

Many retailers are making the switch with energy and maintenance savings in mind. Others are excited by the possibilities that come with LED fixtures, like integrated communication systems that can take shopper interaction to new levels.

The retail industry has been slow to adopt LED, citing shortcomings from poor color quality to limited light distribution. The first commercially-viable LED lamps and fixtures offered energy savings and longer life, but also lower color rendering index (CRI) values and fewer lumens compared to halogen and fluorescent options. Lensing technology was also in its infancy—lamps tended to highlight only a small area of the merchandise, while struggling to put off sufficient “surround light” at the same time.

Can we assume that halogen and linear fluorescent lamps are headed the way of incandescent? Well, not so fast! There’s still a place for traditional light sources anywhere exceptionally high color quality is needed, or where cost and convenience still favor

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The fact remains that retail lighting is changing, and innovation promises exciting new opportunities.

Learning to Love LED

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q Store owners waited for LED to improve. With the exception of refrigerated cases (LEDs like the cold, unlike other light sources) and outdoor signage (where the cost of replacing neon or fluorescent quickly adds up), there were few practical uses for LED in retail environments initially.

However, as LED becomes more efficient and lower in cost, it will become an even more compelling option for most store owners in the future.

This is changing, however, with the introduction of a new generation of LED lamps and fixtures that boast CRI values of 80, 90, and higher, while packing more “punch” in terms of total lumens. The design of optical arrays has also come a long way. It is easier to aim light on merchandise, while simultaneously creating an ambient or general lighting effect. Some special lenses even diffuse the light produced by individual lightemitting diodes so that “dots” don’t show up in reflective surfaces or on shiny objects.

While many retailers will convert to LED to achieve a continuous return on investment for lighting, others will see it as a stepping stone—a strategic platform—for the connected store of the future. The self-contained drivers that power LED lighting fixtures offer an ideal integration point for communication protocols such as indoor positioning systems.

GE Lighting, for example, is seeing a move to LED PAR lamps by retailers with long operating hours and high maintenance costs. This tends to include department and furniture stores, as well as supermarkets having a large number of halogen lamps to maintain in specialty areas. Adoption is increasing among these customers now that LED offers good color rendering qualities to go along with longer life and less energy use. LED fixtures, meanwhile, have been slower to integrate than replacement lamps, but are gaining momentum. Walmart was among the first retailers to install LED lighting in freezer cases and parking lots in the early 2000s. Recently, Walmart selected a suspended LED luminaire as the primary ceiling fixture for more than 140 of its stores, demonstrating an ever deeper commitment to the technology.

Not Soon Forgotten The welcome news for many is that halogen and fluorescent options aren’t going anywhere soon. Halogen sits atop the color rendering scale, offering exceptional CRI values of essentially 100. A high-end fashion outlet with critical color considerations, for example, is unlikely to entertain LED based on electricity savings alone. Many jewelers prefer halogen PAR and MR16 lamps for their precise beam control, which make diamonds and other precious stones “sparkle.”

Lighting that Talks

Indoor location technology embedded inside lighting fixtures has the potential to reshape the shopping experience. The solution combines visible light communication, Bluetooth low energy, and inertial sensors to understand shoppers’ precise location in a store and “talk” to them via their smartphone or connected device. This enables retailers to create social shopping experiences and deliver contextually relevant content, such as welcoming a repeat customer with a personalized shopping list as they approach the store front, and then providing an easy-tofollow map to optimize their shopping time. Also, depending on where a customer is standing in a certain aisle, he or she might be presented with a coupon or special incentive based on past purchases. Product reviews, videos, and on-demand virtual associates are just a few more ways retailers are learning to leverage the power of visible light communication in their stores. Not all retailers will be ready for LED right away, and it’s hard to beat an original when it comes to halogen and fluorescent, but advances in efficiency and connectivity are making the technology more intriguing each day. While the latest style won’t last a season, LED will surely be the future of lighting for many years to come. ei Mr. Howley is a past chairman of the NEMA Lighting Division and a recipient of NEMA’s Kite and Key Award.

The tradeoff has been that halogen lamps, though more efficient than incandescent, still waste more energy than most. New infrared (IR) products narrow the efficiency gap. Halogen IR lamps have an internal infrared coating that directs heat back to the filament, causing them to burn brighter than standard halogen lamps using the same amount of power. Fluorescent lighting, meanwhile, remains hard to beat in terms of low initial price. Though LED has largely caught up to fluorescent in energy efficiency, the initial cost of an LED system is still more than some budgets allow. For these store owners, a lower cost option is to upgrade from older fluorescent lighting systems to the most efficient, longer life T5 or T8 systems.

Walmart will save about 40 percent in lighting energy costs where new LED fixtures are installed in stores in Brazil, China, Mexico, and the U.S., among other locations. Photos courtesy of GE Lighting NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Maximizing End User Benefits and Enhancing Safety for Outdoor Environments Eric Snyder, Marketing Manager, Eaton’s Cooper Lighting Business

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he fundamental reason to provide lighting in an outdoor environment is to enhance safety. With that in mind, lighting an application should be done in the most effective and economical means possible. By focusing on the two key elements below, the end results will be maximized and can provide an enhanced level and safety. With significant advances in technology for light sources, as well as how the lighting is controlled, lighting specifiers and end users are faced with a complex array of choices. These choices are clouded by a wide array of solutions with varied approaches. In order to maximize benefits, it’s key to have an open mind and be fully informed before surveying and specifying a solution. When evaluating light-emitting diode (LED) product solutions, it’s common to default to an “equivalent” solution. Don’t do this!

Start with Applications-Based Approach Every scenario is different, and the end result will not be maximized if you do not consider the specific application you are illuminating. For example, the 400W metal halide (MH) lamp was a very popular source used in commercial site lighting for decades, so there is a significant number of product installed today that are being replaced with more energy efficient LED solutions. Not all 400W MH fixtures are equal, and when coupled with various mounting heights and pole spacing, the result will be a wide range of different light levels and uniformity. “Equivalent” can have a very different meaning, depending on

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Austin, Texas, replaced nearly 35,000 outdated fixtures with energy-efficient LED luminaires. The renovation helped the city realize a yearly energy savings of more than $200,000. Photo courtesy of Eaton’s Cooper Lighting Business

the end users interpretation as well as the application. What is the equivalent LED solution relative to the high-intensity discharge (HID) solution? That will depend on the application criteria for each specific scenario. Is it average light levels, minimum light levels, or rather a rough assumption that the LED solution will simply provide the equivalent level of safe illumination as the HID solution? In the vast majority of scenarios, an LED solution will significantly reduce energy consumption and maintenance expenses, while also significantly enhancing the perceived level of safety in the application. If done properly, with an applications based approach, it’s a win-win. Lower lifecycle costs through reduced energy consumption and maintenance costs and a safer illuminated environment. In order to maximize benefits to the end user, it’s important to take a step back and reconsider the decision process. It’s also important that we don’t simply compare luminaire solution “A” versus luminaire solution “B” as a one-for-one equivalent. An applications-based approach is key. By referencing industry standards and recommended practices to develop basic design parameters, such as target light level and uniformity, performing a lighting application is an important step in the process to determine the best luminaire configuration and maximized solution for the application. If you skip the layout, you may very well end up with a solution that does not meet the customer requirements and/or costs more in the long run to maintain and operate.

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q Embrace Controls Technology In addition to performing a lighting layout to select the right luminaire, distribution, and lumen package, it’s also important to evaluate and understand integrated controls when specifying a luminaire. Some end users may shy away from controls as they can be complex and functionality is sometimes misunderstood. Complexity presents an opportunity for the best solutions to rise to the top. We should embrace controls and what they can offer, and view them as doubling down on the benefits that an energy efficient LED luminaire can offer. There’s no question that the next big wave of lighting solutions will be a luminaire that is smart, with integral controls that unleash capability that’s never been seen before. As legislation continues to drive controls adoption, there is an increasing array of enhanced control solutions entering the market. What these solutions offer today will not be a representative of what they can do in the future, and we should not expect change to slow down, but rather accelerate. Don’t be left behind without the ability to leverage these benefits in the future. With the inherent long life of LED lighting solutions, coupled with the quickly evolving array of technology, the luminaire you

select today may “lock you in” for many years, if not decades. Various control technologies are incorporated in outdoor lighting solutions today, from simple 0-10V low voltage wires, to a digital addressable lighting interface, WI-FI, as well as wireless controls integrated into building management systems.

Think Ahead Outdoor lighting and control solutions are not a “one size fits all” solution, but often offer a wide variety of distributions, lumen packages, as well as various features and benefits that may or may not be desired. Don’t limit your perception of controls to just a method to further enhance energy savings, but rather a way to leverage the technology and integrate with smart grids. It’s also important to have a deep comprehension of the solution before determining if it’s the right fit for the application. By developing a forward thinking mindset, embracing controls, and incorporating an applications-based approach, specifiers may be able to maximize benefits and enhance the level of safety. ei Mr. Snyder, an engineer and marketing professional with more than 12 years of experience in outdoor lighting, is on the forefront of product and market development. He has received numerous product awards for innovation and design.

A Greener, Brighter Future Is Just A Retrofit Away. LED High Bay

LED Wall Pack

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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- ho u r ructed 24 t s n o c ly The new Figure 1. m at t h e ration roo t s n o m e d he m e d lighting sc vides cycle ro p r e t n e esearch C Lighting R vels high light le l, o o c h it hting w electric lig els at m, low lev r a w d n a day during the made room was e h t f o n structio night. Con iance, led Health All & t h ig L y the possible b Health iro. Light & e u ig F a n ria etra, by Dr. Ma Brands, K y it u c A embers are Alliance m arp, ighting, Sh L s ip il h P Sylvania, OSRAM Lighting. and USAI

Electric Lighting Will Improve Our Quality of Life in the Future Mark S. Rea, PhD, Director of Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

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ll creatures, great and small, are governed by the natural 24-hour, lightdark cycle. Every cell and physiological system in plants and animals exhibits a circadian (circa: approximately; dies: day) cycle synchronized to the local sunrise and sunset. The constantly repeating 24-hour rhythm of light and dark affects every one of our biological systems from DNA repair in single cells to melatonin production by the pineal gland to electrical activity in the brain. Disruption of these circadian rhythms compromises human health and wellbeing.

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Conversely, introducing a regular 24-hour pattern of light and dark by modulating the amount of electric lighting we are exposed to daily can have many positive benefits. For example, much of the electric lighting in senior housing facilities is dim and constantly operating. Several field studies have shown that introducing bright light during the day and dim light at night enables seniors to consolidate their sleep during the night, reduce their napping during the day, increase their sleep efficiency, and reduce the agitation associated with dementia.

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q This same, simple principle of modulating the amount of electric lighting over 24 hours has been shown to be effective for improving sleep among crew members in U.S. Navy submarines and may also be effective for improving health outcomes in premature infants, such as weight gain. Improved health outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can also lead to economic benefits, such as earlier patient discharge. Admittedly, seniors, submariners, and premature infants are very special cohorts, but there is every reason to believe that deliberate intervention of a 24-hour lighting scheme would improve the health and productivity of anyone. One problem for demonstrating these benefits is measuring health and productivity outcomes among “normal” people. Most people in modern society are not restricted to one place day-in and day-out, as are seniors, submariners, and premature infants. Many people move from one building space to another throughout the day, frequently modify their routine from day to day, and perhaps, travel on trans-oceanic flights. These frequent changes in activity and location result in a wide variety of light-dark exposure patterns that cannot be readily linked to health outcomes. To make the links between light-dark exposures and health outcomes, it is necessary to actually measure personal lightdark exposure patterns. More importantly for the future, these

measurements of personal light-dark exposure patterns make it possible to manage a person’s future light-dark exposure patterns for these “circadian-irregular” lifestyles, thereby delivering therapeutic light (and dark) at the appropriate time and for the appropriate duration for that particular individual. Much of our research at the Lighting Research Center (LRC) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is specifically aimed at understanding how patterns of light and dark affect health outcomes. To do so, we have been developing light sensors and lighting control algorithms to manage personal light-dark exposure patterns (figure 1). In the next decade, personal health will fundamentally depend upon the science, as well as the technologies associated with light sensors and lighting controls because circadian rhythms are the platforms for all biology on Earth. Between now and then, the tools and algorithms being developed and used for special applications like NICUs, submarines, and senior healthcare facilities are already making a demonstrable difference in the quality of life. ei Dr. Rea is director of the LRC and professor of architecture and cognitive sciences at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

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NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Zhaga Consortium Responds to Evolving Requirements of LED Industry Tim Whitaker, Director, Marketing Communications, Zhaga Consortium

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s the international Zhaga Consortium1 evolves, it is listening to the voice of the lighting industry and responding with new initiatives. Zhaga was established to develop specifications for interchangeable LED (light-emitting diode) light sources, and is now building on its initial success by addressing new areas that represent a consensus requirement from the market. For example, based on feedback from luminaire manufacturers and component suppliers, Zhaga is developing a new specification for chip-on-board (COB) LED arrays. The consortium is also making progress with its efforts to enable the independent interchangeability of LED modules and drivers. Several new Zhaga interface specifications—known as Books— are getting closer to completion, while new proposals are being evaluated, including specifications covering different types of replaceable LED light engines (LLEs). At the other end of Zhaga’s Book development process, the consortium recently signed a liaison agreement with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This is expected to result in the publication of an IEC publicly-available specification (PAS)2 based on Zhaga Book 3 for spotlight modules. Zhaga is also making sure that the set of parameters in each of its specifications will enable interchangeability without restricting design freedom, as requested by the market.

Chip-on-Board Arrays Zhaga recently announced that it is working on a new Book that will include COB LED arrays. Such products are currently used throughout the industry, but different manufacturers offer a wide range of alternative sizes. This creates problems for luminaire makers and other stakeholders, such as COB holder suppliers, and limits their options to use alternative products from different suppliers without changing their luminaire or holder designs. “We consulted many luminaire makers and other stakeholders, and received broad support for our plans to standardize this type of LED light source,” said Zhaga Secretary General Musa Unmehopa. “These companies asked us to standardize properties such as the mechanical dimensions of the modules, the position of electrodes, and the diameter of the lightemitting surface.” Zhaga Consortium is a global organization that develops specifications for interchangeable LED light sources. A PAS is a publication responding to an urgent market need. The objective is to speed up standardization in areas of rapidly-evolving technology.

1

2

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

COB LED array illustration courtesy of Zhaga Consortium

The new Zhaga Book will define LED light engines made up of rectangular and square LED modules with a circular lightemitting surface (LES) and a separate LED driver. The Book will define a family of modules with the following printed circuit board dimensions: 12 x 15 mm, 16 x 19 mm, 19 x 19 mm, 20 x 24 mm, 24 x 24 mm, and 28 x 28 mm. The circular LES sizes defined in the new Book will correspond to the LES categories specified in current Books covering spotlight modules.

Driver and Module Interchangeability Based on feedback from the industry, Zhaga announced that it will aim to enable independent interchangeability of LED modules and drivers. Current Zhaga specifications only define the conditions necessary for interchange of a complete LLE (which includes both module and driver). In the cases where modules and drivers are separate, independent interchangeability would allow a luminaire maker to use a different compatible LED module without also having to use a different driver. Independent interchangeability requires appropriate specifications that describe the driver-module electrical interface. Zhaga is now evaluating suitable specifications that have been created by external organizations. It is anticipated that such specifications will be normatively referenced in some of Zhaga’s existing and new Books, where appropriate. It is not unusual for Zhaga specifications to reference other standards. For example, NEMA SSL 7A-2013 Phase Cut Dimming for Solid State Lighting—Basic Compatibility has already been referenced by Zhaga Books 2 and 8, which describe socketable integrated LLEs.

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q Book Updates As a result of Zhaga’s recent liaison agreement with IEC, it is expected that IEC publications will be based on Zhaga interface specifications, beginning with Book 3 for spotlight modules, in conjunction with Book 1, which contains generic definitions. In addition, preparatory work is underway to transfer Book 3 into a PAS. In this case, it represents a consensus in an industrial consortium external to IEC. IEC will work with the current edition (1.3) of Book 3, together with Book 1, which contains information referenced by all Zhaga Books. Once transferred to IEC, future amendments will be considered, and commented and voted on according to IEC rules. Among the new specifications being discussed and developed, Zhaga is close to completing Book 9. It covers LLEs composed of a non-socketable LED module with a ring-shaped LES and a separate LED driver. The small, mid-power LED modules have diameters of 12 mm or 25 mm for the ring-shaped LES, and could enable LED luminaire products for use in consumer lighting applications, such as small spotlights, track lighting, and other compact luminaires. Zhaga is also building on the success of Book 3, which defines 50-mm diameter modules for spotlighting applications. It is extending the range of spotlight modules to both larger (75mm diameter) and smaller (35-mm diameter) sizes. These are currently designated Book 10 and Book 11, respectively.

Stakeholder Value In order to provide maximum value to stakeholders, Zhaga is undertaking a comprehensive review of the parameters included in each of its specifications. The goal is to ensure that the full parameter set of each Book includes all the characteristics necessary to enable interchangeability. The starting point was to create an exhaustive list of properties associated with modular LED light sources described in Zhaga Books. A number of luminaire makers and other stakeholders were asked to explain their requirements and preferences for each of the properties in order to determine which properties should be included in each Book. In some instances, this may

result in additional parameters, or the removal of properties unrelated to interchangeability. The characteristic properties of LED light sources were assigned to one of three groups (see table 1). The first group includes properties not relevant to interchangeability, and are therefore not included in Zhaga specifications. Examples include performance characteristics such as luminous efficacy and properties such as choice of materials. The second group of parameters includes those restricted by Zhaga specifications, such that little or no variation is allowed. Many parameters in this group relate to mechanical fit (e.g., size and position of screw holes). Another example is the maximum outer dimensions of an LED module and corresponding demarcation area in the luminaire. The third group contains parameters where the value must be known in order for a customer to determine if one light source is interchangeable with another. For some parameters, such as those relating to thermal interface, Zhaga created precise definitions so that provided values will allow product comparisons and facilitate luminaire design. For other parameters, such as luminous flux, Zhaga Books require the product to be placed into one of a series of categories. This enables a customer looking for closely-matched interchangeable products to select from alternatives that are in the same flux category. It’s important to note that Zhaga promotes design freedom by only restricting those parameters that are essential to ensure interchangeability. Many other properties are listed on the product datasheet, but their values are not restricted by Zhaga specifications, which allows maximum value-added differentiation. Furthermore, because Zhaga requires LLE manufacturers to provide a detailed set of parameters for each product, this allows luminaire makers to draw meaningful comparisons and informed choices based on dependable data. By listening to feedback from stakeholders and responding in a timely and efficient manner, the Zhaga Consortium is continuing to provide an important contribution to the ongoing growth and development of the LED lighting industry. ei Mr. Whitaker is the former editor and founder of LEDs Magazine.

Parameter or property type

Restricted

Listed on product datasheet

Not specified by Zhaga

Requirement for Zhaga compliance

Exact match with specified value(s)

Value is not restricted. Value must be shown on product datasheet

No requirement

Relevance to interchangeability

Essential

Values required to enable comparison of products

Not relevant, or data available from other sources

Implications for design freedom

Limited or no design freedom

Full design freedom

Full design freedom

Implications for Zhaga testing

Fully tested to ensure compliance

Test lab compares measured values with manufacturer’s datasheet. Some parameters not tested

Not tested

Examples

Screw hole size and position

Luminous flux, maximum operating temperature

Efficacy (lm/W), choice of materials

Table 1. Comparison of parameter types for LED modules and their relationship with Zhaga specifications NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Photo 1: LEDs can be designed to mimic skylights or windows. Photo ©The Sky Factory, Community North Hospital, Indianapolis Photo 2: LEDs can be color-tuned to maximize plant growth for indoor agriculture. Photo courtesy of GE Lighting

What’s Next for Solid-State Lighting? James Brodrick, U.S. Department of Energy

A

dimmable—which is why it may be more effective at regulating the sleep cycle, combating seasonal affective disorder, and mitigating jet lag.

What has people even more excited are the ways SSL is being used for purposes beyond traditional illumination.

Dr. Lockley’s fellow panelists—lighting consultant John Hwang of Planled and lighting designer Leslie North of Aurora Lighting Design—discussed how this spectral tuning can be used to benefit specific populations, such as hospital patients and professional athletes, while others in Detroit mentioned other potential uses ranging from improving productivity in the workplace and classroom, to facilitating the growing of crops and the breeding of livestock.

That was a hot topic at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ninth annual SSL Market Development Workshop, which was held in Detroit a few months ago. Many of the speakers emphasized that, thanks in large part to SSL, we’re beginning to regard lighting not merely as a source of illumination, but rather as a multifunction device we can use to improve our mood, health, productivity, and much more.

Another hot topic in Detroit was the advent of “smart lighting,” a aspect of which involves the pairing of SSL with automated controls that adjust the light level based on actual conditions. Such functionality is becoming increasingly common, both because of the added energy savings it brings and because SSL has the potential to be more controllable than other lighting technologies.

In a panel on that topic, Steven Lockley, PhD, of Harvard University, explained that light exerts a powerful effect on our bodies, mainly through special nonvisual cells in the eye that are particularly sensitive to light in the blue range (at a peak of 480 nm) and that play a major part in regulating our circadian rhythm. LED lighting has an advantage over other lighting technologies in this regard, because it’s easily color-tunable and

But smart lighting also has the potential to go well beyond energy savings. According to workshop speaker Partha Dutta of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute’s Smart Lighting Engineering Research Center, it could also interface with building management systems, transmit high-speed wireless data, finetune occupancy and functional sensing, and make us healthier and more productive.

s we stand on the brink of a lighting revolution spearheaded by light-emitting diode (LED) technology, one question on everyone’s minds is: what’s next for solid-state lighting (SSL)? Formerly just an intriguing possibility, SSL has come so far so fast that its U.S. market share had already reached three percent in 2013—and that share is rapidly rising, as performance continues to improve across multiple characteristics while prices continue to drop.

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Lighting Up Quality of Life Q We’re Not There Yet These visions of the future are intriguing and enticing, but we’re not there yet. Lighting control systems have long suffered from the assumption that they are simply “plug and play.” While SSLbased systems hold the potential to be “smarter” than earlier lighting controls systems, good system design and planning will remain critical to success. If insufficient time and attention are given to the installation, startup, or commissioning needs of the chosen lighting devices, many systems will not meet user expectations and may not function optimally. The integration of intelligence and even sensors directly into luminaires is reducing, but not eliminating, some of the historical design and planning needs, and the automation they provide has performance limitations.

user needs are not fully understood at the time of specification or are likely to change over time. If the chosen vendor cannot support changing needs, the user may be faced with the decision to start over from scratch or live with an existing, increasingly unsuitable system. Many lighting controls are marketed as complying with one or more standards. However, lighting specifiers and users often do not fully understand what some of these standards ensure. For example, the 0-10V standard1 does not specify when, or even whether, a luminaire should turn off; as a result, when two luminaires are presented with the same control signal, one may turn off, while the other may go to a low lighting level. Similarly, the DALI standard2 has not historically required compliance testing, leading to different manufacturers developing different “versions” of DALI products, which are often not interoperable.

The increased sophistication of these future lighting systems will change the paradigm for how we design, install, and maintain them, but there are other factors that could prevent them from achieving their full potential. The application of new SSL and/or lighting control technology to existing lighting infrastructure continues to present challenges related to compatibility, interoperability, and interchangeability among lighting system components. All of the following assumptions need to be checked when applying new technology: • devices are compatible with existing infrastructure, • devices from different manufacturers that need to work together (e.g., to exchange data) are indeed sufficiently interoperable, and • devices that seem to perform the same function and even have similar specifications are, in fact, interchangeable. The frustration caused by these challenges can lead to significant market adoption barriers. For example, the compatibility issues that many LED integral lamps have with the installed base of phase-cut dimmers has led some early adopters to mistrust the dimmability claims of these products.

Interoperability—Key to Smart Lighting Interoperability, in particular, is crucial to enabling smart lighting and realizing the full potential of SSL technology. At present, most lighting control systems use proprietary hardware and/or software, thereby requiring the potential user to make a substantial investment in products from a single vendor, which then locks them in for future purchases. The user must continue to buy from that same vendor to ensure that new system components work well with those purchased previously. This lack of interoperability increases user risk when considering new installations, especially in instances where

We’re beginning to regard lighting not merely as a source of illumination, but rather as a multifunction device we can use to improve our mood, health, productivity, and much more. Efforts to bring more interoperability to the lighting control market are already underway within the ZigBee Alliance, LonMark International, the TALQ Consortium, the Connected Lighting Alliance, and others. While interoperability may be perceived to be less important for relatively small, self-contained lighting systems (e.g., those servicing a single conference room or even building floor), the challenges promise to increase over time as more systems become interconnected in support of net-zero building, smart-city, smart-grid, and intelligent transportation initiatives. With LED lighting systems and luminaires evolving into multifunction devices more akin to computers than lights, it’s important that we make sure the quality of the light doesn’t suffer. The same goes for the energy savings. DOE estimates that by 2030, SSL could cut national lighting electricity use nearly in half, which would save 3,000 trillion Btus a year, compared to 188 trillion Btus saved as a result of LED adoption in 2013. These numbers don’t even include the effect of increased use of controls. Tradeoffs are not necessary; we can have the energy savings of SSL as well as its other benefits, but only if we work together now to address the key issues. ei Mr. Brodrick is the lighting program manager for the U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Program. 0-10V dimming interface for LED DALI is a worldwide standard, specified by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). DALI protocol is set out in IEC 62386.

1 2

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Daylight Management Champions

“Occupant Friendly” Net-Zero Energy Buildings  

Pekka Hakkarainen, PhD, Chair, NEMA Daylight Management Council, and Vice President, Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.

T

he NEMA Daylight Management Council advocates for codes and standards that focus first on the people who occupy buildings.

Ultimately, the goal is for all new and renovated commercial buildings to combine management of daylight and electric lighting to most effectively meet occupant illumination requirements and efficiency goals. This means that many building types—offices, educational establishments, and healthcare facilities—can improve their design to allow daylight penetration deep into the spaces, which provides occupants optimal illumination, visual and thermal comfort, and a connection to the outside during daylight hours. It also means that during the daytime, the use of electric lighting is automatically reduced, providing measurable energy savings. The people in these spaces can benefit from positive health and wellbeing effects linked to daylight exposure, and still enjoy the advantages of an energy-efficient environment.1

Association of Lighting Designers, the American Institute of Architects, the American Society of Interior Designers); academia (e.g., educators from the Pennsylvania State University and the University of California at Davis); the Illuminating Engineering Society, government laboratories (e.g., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory); consultants interested in daylighting (e.g., TRC Energy Solutions); and manufacturers from the glass, window, and door industries. These representatives are in addition to NEMA member companies.

Refocusing Myopic Priorities The initial group of stakeholders began collaborating about three years ago amid growing concerns that an increasingly narrow focus on improving energy efficiency would ultimately result in undesired consequences for occupants. With very rare exceptions—data centers, greenhouses, and vivaria— buildings are built for people.

The most energy-efficient building, other Buildings that The mission of the NEMA Daylight than the one that doesn’t get built at all, Management Council is to encourage, can respond dynamically is one that has no lighting, windows, promote, and facilitate the electrical services, or heating/cooling— to changing daylight widespread use of daylighting and but how would you get people to work electric lighting management in U.S. conditions are better equipped or live there? As building energy codes commercial buildings. Our method is seemed to trend toward a myopic focus on to meet the long-term to advocate policies, codes and standards, saving energy, council members became and best practices in design, construction, needs of their occupants concerned that the least energy-efficient commissioning, and operation of lighting buildings that could legally be built would solutions. The council engages in outreach and owners. be unattractive to people because of limited activities such as presentations at relevant daylight availability to occupants. conferences and meetings with end-user groups. These help inform and educate key stakeholders, including Green building and high-performance building standards building owners and developers, on ways to consistently are intended to drive sustainable, human-centric design, but improve daylight availability, visual and thermal comfort for even they often fall short in the quest for truly good buildings. building occupants, and the energy efficiency of their buildings. These standards typically cite only minimum energy codes as a Hosted and funded by the NEMA Lighting Controls Section, the Daylight Management Council has a broad and growing membership of other stakeholders as well, including representatives from the design community (e.g., International Heschong Mahone Group, Inc., 2003. Windows and Offices: A study of office worker performance and the indoor environment. Prepared for California Energy Commission

1

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

prerequisite, rather than stricter, updated standards that require daylighting integration. It is this author’s theory that energy policies are not, in fact, leading the industry on the desired path toward net-zero energy buildings—a stated goal of many organizations, including the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Daylight plays a critical role

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q in virtually every building that claims to consume no more energy than it generates on an annual basis, whether from solar panels, wind turbines, geothermal generation, or anything else. Daylight availability is a universal factor in making the building attractive to, and healthy for, humans!

AWeber Communications’ LEED Gold headquarters uses daylight management to achieve the perfect balance of daylight and electric light. Photo © Halkin|Mason Photography

Evolving Views on Human Health NEMA Daylight Council members believe that access to daylight is important for human health. As a species, we evolved with the sun, and until very recently—roughly the last 150 years—it wasn’t even possible to rely on man-made light to supplement daylight. Supported by research, council members subscribe to the belief that views to the outside promote health and wellbeing. Studies, such as those conducted by the Heschong-Mahone group, have documented the negative impacts on educational and retail buildings that limit daylight exposure to students or shoppers.1

Buildings that can respond dynamically to changing daylight conditions are better equipped to meet the long-term needs of their occupants and owners. Energy efficiency is largely determined by the design of the building envelope, and forward-thinking lighting design will increasingly call upon the well-documented benefits of sunlight to create spaces that are comfortable, energy-efficient, sustainable, and code compliant. According to DOE, if we retrofitted all of our commercial building stock with dynamic façades—fenestration systems that respond to the sun, as well as electric lighting systems that do the same—we would save 2.6 quads of lighting, heating, and cooling energy annually in buildings designed to best accommodate human visual and thermal comfort. Put another way, if all buildings adopted active daylighting strategies, we could achieve 15 percent energy improvements relative to the existing building stock. That 15 percent improvement is very close to the additional energy savings needed, beyond current minimum code requirements, to achieve net-zero energy in commercial buildings. There is, in fact, no other way to achieve the tandem goals of net-zero energy buildings and humans wanting to live or work in those buildings. The council is developing advocacy positions and encouraging outreach to further the cause of daylighting awareness and implementation. We are looking for additional, like-minded people to participate in these efforts. If these issues strike a chord, and you would like to be a more integral part of the council’s work, contact Maria Northup ([email protected]) to become part of the council’s mission. ei Dr. Hakkarainen is a 2014 recipient of the NEMA Kite & Key award.

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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The Lighting Revolution: Has Incandescent Really been Overthrown? Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director, Lighting Systems Division

or the past decade, war has raged against the incandescent light bulb. Governments from around the world have implemented laws to replace it with more efficient technologies. While the primary goal of these phaseout programs is to save energy—some estimates are that one compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) reduces 66.9 pounds of carbon dioxide annually and saves more than 70 kWh per year—there are more drawbacks to consider.

F

What Do Customers Really Want?

First is the cost to consumers. Based on lifespan and energy consumption of incandescent versus more efficient technologies, incandescent clearly costs more over time. Another drawback is efficacy. Incandescent bulbs use more energy and produce less light than their competitors. Finally, incandescent color temperature is limited, whereas the more efficient technologies offer a wide range of color temperatures.

CFL and LED technology can provide more options for color tuning and color rendering, while still providing higher efficiency and savings for the consumer. Some of the performance metrics included in efficiency programs address flicker, audible noise, power factor, and color rendering index (CRI). These particular metrics all come with their own challenges. At present, there is no test for flicker or audible noise that is repeatable. There is no evidence that power factor of selfballasted lamps is causing power quality issues. Several industry organizations, including NEMA, the Illuminating Engineering Society, and LightingEurope, have issued position papers indicating that the CRI is flawed.

One alternative is CFLs. During their introduction to the market, there were consumer dissatisfiers that slowed adoption. These included time to turn on, incompatibility with the installed base of dimmers, color temperature, and audible noise. The industry has addressed many of these issues through standardization, best practices, and consumer education. However, some consumers are still wary of the technology. Over the past few years, light-emitting diode (LED) technology has been gaining ground in the replacement lamp space. This technology has fewer consumer issues than CFLs, but regulators and consumer advocates continue to add performance metrics to efficiency requirements. Metrics including color rendering, power factor, dimmability, flicker, audible noise, and color temperature are often meant for these new technologies to mimic the performance of incandescent technology.

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Regulators and consumer advocates seem to be comparing all new lighting technologies to incandescent, which they agreed to phase out. But is this is the best approach? Is incandescent lighting really what the consumers want, or can performance metrics provide flexibility for the industry to continue to innovate and provide better lighting for the end user?

Continuing to add these performance metrics without stepping back and taking a look at the full picture leads to confusion in the marketplace and a delay in bringing high quality, energyefficient products to market. Moreover, the lighting industry continues to move toward a systems approach for lighting. This approach would lead to the reduction of performance and efficiency metrics for individual system components (e.g., lamps or ballasts). With this in mind, if focus continues to be on new lighting technologies mimicking the performance of incandescent, are we limiting the ability

Lighting Up Quality of Life Q of the industry to provide the best lighting for the end user? Is it possible for regulators, consumer advocates, standards developers, scientists, and research programs to create a new framework for lighting performance? In the end, the question that should be asked before any lighting installation (whether a replacement bulb in a residence or a new commercial installation) is, “What do we want the light to do for the user?” Then, we should ask how we ensure that it happens efficiently, safely, and in a way that satisfies the user. Using a framework such as this may lead to reducing the number of performance metrics used. Do we really need CRI, correlated color temperature, power factor, flicker, noise, efficiency, dimmability, etc.? If these metrics are needed, can we agree to set them at a reasonable level that will satisfy consumers while still allowing industry innovation?

Refocusing Conversation If energy efficiency is the ultimate goal of efficiency and utility rebate programs, shouldn’t metrics that reduce efficiency and increase cost (such as power factor and color quality) be carefully considered?

It is important for new technologies to meet consumer expectations so that more efficient products will be used. However, there does not seem to be much consideration given to what might drive consumer adoption. Several factors play a role—cost, efficiency, compatibility with existing systems, and time to turn on. The conversation about how to drive consumers to more efficient technology should be refocused around what is most important to the end user and focused on how to provide products that meet consumer expectations. There has been a lot of talk in the industry about a lighting revolution with LED technology leading the way. If there continues to be a focus on making new technology the same as the old, the revolution will never be successful. Lighting stakeholders need to refocus the discussion instead of continuing to grasp at incandescent parameters that may not make sense for new technology. ei Ms. Hayes ([email protected]) develops standards and white papers related to lighting and participates in UL standards development and National Electric Code® input. She is chair emeritus of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, a member of the USNC Council, and vice chair of the USNC Communication and Continuing Education Committee.

NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015  

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Electroindustry News ŰŰIEC Young Professionals Program Engenders Standards Development and Conformity Assessment Leaders Chrissy L. S. George, NEMA Communications I sat down with NEMA Technical Program Manager and 2014 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Young Professional Ryan Franks to discuss his recent trip to Tokyo to attend the IEC Young Professionals Workshop.

Q. What is the IEC Young Professionals (YP) Program? It’s a program that was developed as a way for IEC and its National Committees to reach the younger generation of standardization and conformity assessment experts and leaders. It encourages long-term participation, which helps guarantees the continuity of high-quality industry experts. At the international level, YP’s goal is to gain long-term participation in IEC activities and provide education. At the national level, it establishes leadership for U.S. positions at the IEC.

Q. Who attends this workshop? Each national committee nominates a number of young professionals (1-3 per year). This year there were 67 program participants from 33 different countries. In each country, it’s a competitive process to be nominated and attend. Carin Stuart from Energizer, Kevin Mangold from NIST [National Institute of Standards and Technology], and I were selected by the U.S. National Committee as 2014 U.S. IEC Young Professionals. Most of the attendees hail from manufacturers or industry because in many countries, standards organizations are government or quasi-government entities.

32 

The 2014 IEC Young Professionals Workshop took place in Tokyo, Japan, and included 67 participants from 33 countries. Ryan Franks is standing in the second row, fourth from right. assessment activities. The broad theme was to make connections that would enable future success. There were meetings with leaders of national committees, and observations of the Standards Management Board and Conformity Assessment Board. There were also presentations about programs, opportunities, and challenges for the future of international standardization. Much of the program centered on education related to how standardization programs are formed and the problems that they seek to solve. Challenges include time and funding for participation as well as communicating the value of standardization and conformity assessment activities to management. Overall, one major theme was the creation of open markets and free trade, and how standards lead to simplification of design and testing, and in turn, increased sales across markets all over the world.

Q. What did you learn?

Q. What were the most interesting parts of the program?

Working at NEMA, I typically deal with the standards side of IEC. But I had very little knowledge of conformity

It was particularly interesting to visit Sumitomo Electric Industrial. Sumitomo has developed a flow battery system and

  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

I’m actively involved in several IEC and U.S. energy storage standardization activities. While Sumitomo is a NEMA member and I’ve read and heard about its product, I was able to see a full, working system and learn about how it was developed and built. There was a wide range of experience levels in the field of standardization and conformity assessment across the participants. I’m already involved in several IEC activities, including being convener of a working group in IEC TC120. However, many participants had never served or run a technical committee, so many of the topics at the meeting served as good refreshers, but were not wholly new to me. One recommendation might be to create two or more tiers based on core knowledge. What is most important are the human connections formed. I can imagine myself running into these people down the road. Having this experience in common will serve as platform to start a conversation. In fact, it already has. Just today, a contact in Turkey emailed me about a National Electrical Code® article. ei

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http://www.kimlighting.com/ltv8/ The Bluetooth word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Kim Lighting is under license.

Code Actions/Standardization Trends ŰŰLighting Systems Division Takes Proactive Approach with Code Cycles

All of the codes from the organizations mentioned above are on a three-year code maintenance cycle. This means that new editions of these codes are released every three years. In the past, the NEMA Lighting Systems Division’s (LSD) role has been reactive. Instead of drafting proposals and looking for ways to improve various codes, LSD would respond and comment on proposals submitted by other parties. Going forward, it is important to take a more proactive approach to modifying codes. To this end, LSD has taken it upon itself to keep a continuously-updated schedule of when proposals for a change to the code are due. Although NEMA has a codes and standards committee, LSD wanted to work with codes and standards to take a more focused approach to the sections of codes that deal with lighting and lighting systems. At October 2014 meetings in Monterey, California, LSD members expressed an interest in being more involved with the development and maintenance of codes relevant to the lighting industry. As a result, NEMA has begun to compile a comprehensive list of the code sections that should be reviewed. Currently, NEMA has two working groups geared toward making changes to existing codes. The first group is considering proposing changes to NFPA 101 Life Safety Code. As member companies comply with this code, it is important to provide accurate definitions for terms within it. This working group

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

is looking to provide the NFPA with a definition of “fail-safe” in reference to emergency egress lighting. The second group is a working group of the Daylight Management Council. This group is planning to develop model code language for the management of daylight in lighting systems. LSD continues to work to define a Lighting System, and most people agree that effective use of daylight should be an integral part of a building lighting system. The model code that the Lighting Controls Section-sponsored Daylight Management Council’s working group plans to develop will be focused on

daylighting. However, existing codes will have the ability to adopt this model daylighting code by referencing it in any future editions. Having a code that relates to the role daylighting plays will have the added benefit of simplifying that component in the overall definition of a lighting system. As deadlines for codes other than NFPA 101 approach their revision dates, NEMA will continue to work with members to draft proposals that simultaneously drive progress and enhance safety. ei Paul Rodriguez, Program Manager | [email protected]

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ŰŰNEMA Launches New Committee on Lighting Systems In August 2014, NEMA launched the ASC 137 Lighting Systems Committee. This committee received approval from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Executive Standards Council as an Accredited Standards Committee (ASC). This committee puts NEMA at the forefront of efforts for development of codes and standards for lighting systems technologies. ASC 137 will develop and approve standards under its defined scope: “To develop standards and specifications for indoor and outdoor lighting systems installed in an application with consideration of human health and comfort, personal security, the physical environment, energy consumption and daylight integration. Such a system includes components (e.g., luminaires, sensors/ controllers, and windows or skylights) and associated software designed to minimize energy use while maintaining lighting quality, and that may be interconnected to provide control, monitoring functions, and interface with related systems.” Development of American National Standards, via the consensus-based process approved by ANSI, will allow all stakeholders to have input into the standards being developed. This will lead to faster adoption of these

Focus Area

Deliverable

Definitions

Define the terms compatibility, interoperability and interchangeability for lighting systems.

0-10V Dimming Interface

Develop complete proposals for standards development for 0-10V dimming interface for LED. It will evaluate existing work for applicability to the LED technology. A full proposal shall include title/scope and may include an outline of the standard.

Security

Make a recommendation for an approach for C137 related to security. They will consider whether the committee should develop a technical recommendation to be used across C137 standards or develop a series of standards. In addition, they will consider the NIST framework, cybersecurity, physical security, etc.

Energy Prediction and Measurement

(1) Propose a list of potential standards development activities, including a scope and title (for example, measurement of the lighting load, including both plug load and wired load). (2) Survey industry efforts related to prediction and measurement of energy (e.g., DLC) and recommend a strategy for development of American National Standards for energy measurement and prediction.

Applications

Propose standards development activities, including scope and title for application specific scenarios, for example: adaptive street lighting, smart parking, commercial office, multi-family, hospitality.

Table 1. ASC 137 Focus Areas and Deliverables

critical specifications. Currently, there are 31 companies and organizations that have applied for membership in the committee, including lighting manufacturers, efficiency programs, utilities, and testing laboratories. The committee held its first meeting in December 2014 and identified five focus areas and deliverables (see table 1). It is expected that these deliverables will be available for discussion during the committee’s next meeting, which is scheduled for May 12–13, 2015.

Membership in ASC 137 is open to all directly- and materially-affected parties. The committee is actively seeking additional membership in the user and general interest categories. For more information, including a membership application, visit www.nema.org/c137. ei Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director, Lighting Systems Division | [email protected]

The NEMA Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices Section launched an updated version of nemasurge.org. Home to the NEMA Surge Protection Institute, the website provides information and resources related to surge protection for residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. Listen to the latest Electric Minute: www.nema.org/eMtn-NEMASurge-Makeover

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Code Actions/Standardization Trends ŰŰC136 Updates Standards for Publication, Seeks New Membership In 2014, ANSI Accredited Standards Committee 136 (C136) for Roadway and Area Lighting approved ten standards for publication, and has been updating a number of other ones. Among the issues being investigated by C136 are plasma lighting, remote monitoring, and revenue grade energy management. The C136 scope includes all types of street and area lighting, including lamp types, pole construction and support, tunnel lighting, enclosed architectural luminaires, system selection guides, lighting controls, ingress protection, ancillary devices, and more.  The committee is open to all materially-affected, interested parties; however, ANSI C136 is actively seeking additional membership from the User and General Interest membership categories. If you are interested, contact Megan Hayes ([email protected]).

Documents approved for publication in 2014: • ANSI C136.12 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Mercury Lamps—Guide for Selection • ANSI C136.13 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Metal Brackets for Wood Poles • ANSI C136.14 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Elliptically Shaped, Enclosed Side-mounted Luminaires for Horizontal-burning High-intensity Discharge Lamps • ANSI C136.16 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting—Enclosed, Post Top-Mounted Luminaires • ANSI C136.22 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Interal Labeling of Luminaires

• ANSI C136.34 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Vandal Shields for Roadway and Area Lighting Luminaires • ANSI C136.35 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Luminaire Electrical Ancillary Devices (LEAD) • ANSI C136.40 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Solar Lighting Systems • ANSI C136.41 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Dimming Control between an External Locking Type Photocontrol and Ballast or Driver • ANSI C136.46 American National Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting Equipment—Concrete Lighting Poles ei Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director, Lighting Systems Division | [email protected]

IEC Updates IEC, ISO, and ITU Publish New International Accessibility Guide Guide 71 provides practical advice to standards developers so, from the beginning, they can address accessibility in standards that focus, either directly or indirectly, on any type of system that people use. Energy Storage Helps Power World Ahead To balance increasing levels of intermittent renewable energy generation from wind and solar systems, electrical energy storage solutions are needed that use and store energy efficiently and help improve grid stability and flexibility. Upcoming IEC Annual Meetings IEC conducts annual meetings in different member countries. The schedule

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for upcoming General Meetings is as follows: 2015 Belarus, 2016 Germany, 2017 Russia, 2018 Korea, 2019 China, 2020 Sweden, and 2022 U.S.

This could grow to include cybersecurity, and potential concerns related to outside interference against smart grid or other centralized applications.

These events include meetings of IEC management committees, along with numerous technical committees, and provide opportunities for informal information sharing and meeting individuals from related groups and other countries.

Also at the Tokyo meeting, a new Systems Evaluation Group 6 was established for “Non-traditional Distribution Networks / Microgrids,” particularly considering establishment of electrical generation by renewables and developments in new or underserved markets. This will also look at islanding arrangements with generation and energy storage accomplished locally after disconnection from the general power grid.

New Advisory Committee, Group Established at Tokyo Meeting A new Advisory Committee on Security was established during the November 2014 Tokyo meeting. Its work could affect numerous committees where issues related to information security and data privacy may have an impact.

Compiled from IEC TC News Log

ei

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International Roundup ŰŰNEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop to Promote Smart Grid in China NEMA organized a focused technical workshop in support of a contract with from the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) to promote smart grid opportunities in China. The workshop— supported by the Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute (SEARI)— focused on distribution automation (DA) and took place in Shanghai on November 25, 2014. Attendance included more than 150 interested stakeholders. The list of attendees is available for follow-up by NEMA member companies. DA has emerged as a key smart grid component that provides reliability, efficiency, and resiliency to the electrical grid. The workshop featured several presentations and discussions around solutions in smart power DA systems,

including experiences and lessons learned from ongoing projects within China and the U.S. The workshop commenced with opening remarks from Yin Tianwen, president of the Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Institute, and Eric Crowley, commercial officer of the U.S. consulate-general in Shanghai. NEMA Distribution Automation Industry Director Steve Griffith gave a presentation on NEMA’s Distribution Automation Section, which included its origin, scope, and planned activities to address barriers to DA investments that NEMA member companies are seeing in the marketplace. Dr. Kerry Cheung from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) made a presentation on the U.S.–China Climate Change Working Group: Smart

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Grid Initiative. His presentation also included the latest results/lessons learned on DOE Smart Grid Investment Grant projects, highlighting ones that included some aspect of DA. A number of NEMA member companies which have a presence in China presented specific DA solutions: ABB addressed its distributed intelligent solution for distributed networks; Eaton focused on its advanced feeder automation solution as a means to reduce outage durations via automatic fault isolation and service restoration; and S&C Electric focused on its community energy storage application as a method to address the impact of distributed generation on the grid. The workshop also featured Chinese presentations on a photovoltaic distributed power generation system, as well as one on the design of the power supply system for the Shanghai Tower. It’s interesting to note that Shanghai Tower is not only the second largest structure in the world, but it also includes a number of onsite devices (such as wind turbines and a natural gas-fired cogeneration unit) that will generate energy. Additionally, it has a multitude of sustainable features (e.g., the building’s outer envelope creates atriums used for recycling indoor air, and its rainwater collection system is used for its heating and air conditioning systems), which lower its energy usage. Future workshop topics included in the USTDA contract include standards and microgrids. In addition, there is interest from SEARI, USTDA, and several NEMA member companies on conducting a microgrid demonstration project in Shanghai. ei Steve Griffith, PMP, NEMA Industry Director | [email protected]

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Economic Spotlight ŰŰNEMA Lighting Indexes Show Mixed Results The NEMA lamp shipments indexes are composite measures of member companies’ U.S. shipments of compact fluorescent, halogen, incandescent and LED replacement lamps. Product shipments data are drawn from NEMA statistical surveys and are adjusted for seasonal fluctuations. Compact Fluorescent Lamp Shipments Continue to Lag NEMA’s index for compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) shipments registered a yearover-year decline of 14.5 percent in the third quarter of 2014, despite a modest quarterly increase of 1.5 percent. For the first three quarters of 2014, the CFL index decreased 13.1 percent compared to the same period last year. The shipments index for incandescent A-line lamps posted a decline of 62.9 percent (quarter over quarter). In contrast, shipments of LED A-line and halogen A-line lamps continued to grow, showing quarterly gains of 53.8 and 37.7 percent, respectively. The proliferation of halogen A-line lamp shipments, and subsequent decline in shipments of incandescent A-line lamps, has resulted in an increase in market share for halogen A-line lamps. Halogen A-line lamps captured a share of 39.9 percent during the quarter, second only to CFLs, which continued to hold a narrow

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

lead with a 41.1 percent share. The share of LED lamp shipments was 5.1 percent, an increase of 2 percentage points. Incandescent A-line lamps fell nearly 20 points to a share of 13.6 percent. HID Lamp Shipment Indexes Relinquish Recent Gains High-intensity discharge (HID) lamp shipments showed quarterly declines in two of the three lamp types. Sodiumand mercury-vapor lamps slipped 8.9 and 10.9 percent, respectively, from the second quarter to the third quarter. Only the index for metal halide increased during the quarter, posting a modest gain of 2 percent. Shipments of metal halide lamps increased 2.7 percentage points to a share of 63.5 percent of the HID market. The market share for sodium vapor lamps slipped to 32.7 percent, a decline of 2.3 percentage points. Mercury vapor lamps decreased by 0.4 points to a share of 3.8 percent. T12 Lamp Index Increases during Third Quarter NEMA’s shipment index for T12 lamps bested the previous two quarters by advancing 8.6 percent from the second quarter to the third. In contrast, shipments of T5 and T8 lamps decreased

by 6.6 and 11.1 percent, respectively. All three indexes are in negative territory on a year-over-year basis for 2014 through the third quarter. T12 lamps secured an increase in market share for the quarter posting a gain of 3.2 percentage points to reach a share of 22.2 percent. The share of T5 lamps was unchanged at 10 percent. Meanwhile, the market share for T8 lamps decreased to 67.8 percent. Lighting Systems Index on the Rise during Third Quarter NEMA’s Lighting Systems Index increased 1.9 percent from the second to the third quarters of 2014, climbing to its highest level to date in calendar year 2014. The index posted a gain of 4.1 percent on a year-over-year basis. Shipments of emergency lighting, fixtures, and miniature lamps improved during the quarter; however, ballast and large lamp shipments fell. ei Stacey Harrison, Director, Statistical Operations | [email protected]

Read complete reports and the current Electroindustry Business Conditions Index at www.nema.org/ebci.

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Legrand Introduces Harmony® Tru-Universal Dimmers Harmony® Tru-Universal dimmers from Legrand are exactly that: truly universal dimmers. Not only do they self-calibrate to accommodate any lamp or load, they eliminate the annoying flickering and poor performance other so-called universal dimmers are known for. The wide slide controller and ergonomic slider grip offer easier dimming operation, and the sleek, modern design complements any room with interchangeable face plates that come in a variety of popular colors. Compatible with incandescent, halogen and ELV bulbs: 700W, MLV bulbs: 500VA,LED/CFL bulbs: 450W, and EFL bulbs: 5.5A.

Thread Linear LED Cabinet and Cove Lighting System Add dramatic LED lighting to any space, simply. Thread linear LEDs are self-driven and easy to install—no external drivers required. The sleek Thread systems provide continuous, efficient LED light with perfect color temperature of either 2700K or 3500K from fixture to fixture. Thread is available from 2.8 to 13 Watts and in convenient 6”, 10”, 21” and 30” lengths that can be easily connected to achieve up to 65’ runs. The combination of small size, high lumen output, easy installation and simple connection make Thread the most user-friendly linear LED system available. www.nuvolighting.com

Design Matters. Where Innovation Meets Sustainability. Replace up to 400-watt metal halide products with the Lumark Night FalconTM LED floodlight luminaire. Night Falcon’s precision engineered optics delivers superior uniform illumination to targeted applications including general area, security and building facade lighting in commercial and industrial applications. www.cooperlighting.com

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Sylvania Lamps Deliver Look of Halogen with Benefits of LED SYLVANIA ULTRA PRO and ULTRA PRO HD PAR LED lamps, available in 7W (PAR20), 10W (PAR30), 13W (PAR30LN) and 17W (PAR38), provide superior beam characteristics compared to other LED lamps. Like halogen, the high center beam candlepower can put the focus on merchandise or artwork, and the soft spill can enhance the display. These high power factor lamps are dimmable to 5%, deliver up to 86% energy savings, and are available in 2700K, 3000K, 3500K and 4000K with two CRI options: 82 CRI and HD performance with 92 CRI for color critical applications with exceptionally rich deep red content (R9>50).

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

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Product Showcase Let’s Talk Health MITA, NEMA’s Medical Imaging & Technology Alliance, is the leading organization and collective voice of medical imaging equipment manufacturers, innovators, and product developers. Each March, ei explores advancements in medical imaging. You might expect an issue focused on patients whose lives have improved because

of medical imaging and radiation therapy. And you would be right. What you might not expect is a look at how the technology itself—lowdose computed tomography, research and development, and the servicing of imaging equipment service—contributes to quality of life and a healthier economy. Expect, also, a look at the role legislative advocacy plays, as well as the effects of expanding access to medical imaging abroad.

You say you don’t know a CT scan from a PET scan, an ultrasound from an MRI? Well, help is just around the corner. A pullout primer on the ABCs of medical imaging will help you be informed the next time you or a loved one needs to discuss medical imaging with a healthcare professional. MITA member technologies keep you and the economy healthy. So let’s talk health next month. ei

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NEMA

Expert

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Ask The

Q

What standards are being developed by NEMA to address solid-state lighting (SSL) and LED (light-emitting diode) technologies? NEMA’s Lighting Systems Division has been promoting and developing SSL standards for many years. In 2013, we published NEMA SSL 7A Phase Cut Dimming for Solid State Lighting— Basic Compatibility. This standard deals with compatibility among component parts. ANSI C78.50 American National Standard for Electric Lamps–Assigned LED Lamp Codes, published in 2014, contains current SSL lamp space drawings and manufacturer’s data sheet content requirements. These standards help promote consistency and interoperability throughout the SSL industry.

Karen Willis, NEMA Lighting Program Manager

Got a question? Ask the experts at [email protected]

SSL standards currently in development at NEMA include LED Driver Robustness and Method of Measurements, Standardized White LED Datasheets, LED Lamp Code Designations, and Performance Specifications for LED Direct Replacement Lamps. We are also updating the existing standard for chromaticity specifications.

Expert Listen to the

Listen to Craig Updyke, Manager for Trade and Commercial Affairs in NEMA Government Relations, clarify the goals and intentions of a new white paper developed by the NEMA Lighting Systems Division. Craig Updyke, Manager for Trade and The paper helps policy makers and government Commercial Affairs officials evaluate the important considerations (e.g., costs to end users, production efficiencies, and U.S. commitments under international trade agreements) in relation to their goals to procure energyefficient lighting systems for their agencies and for state or local communities.

Listen at www.nema.org/LSD-white-paper.

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  NEMA electroindustry  •  February 2015

Robert Hick, Vice President R&D Engineering, Leviton Lighting & Energy Solutions Until I attended my first Lighting Division meeting in January 2005, I had little knowledge of NEMA’s function or committees. Recognizing how vitally important it is to be at the table with others who are actively shaping the future of the industry, I made a personal commitment to get more involved. Through NEMA and with the support of my company, I have had the opportunity to chair several sections, participate in working groups developing key NEMA whitepapers and standards, actively influence International Electrotechnical Commission global standards, and work directly with other important organizations and regulatory bodies. During the last ten years, I have enjoyed involvement with the constantly evolving lighting industry as it has taken a main stage in the future of our energy independence and reduction of greenhouse gases. NEMA activities have helped to knock down market barriers, clarify misconceptions, and enhance the safety and reliability of our products. I look forward to the future as the Lighting Division concentrates on the rapid uptake of LED (light-emitting diode) technologies, demand for more sophisticated lighting controls, and improvements to cybersecurity. One voice at the table can make a difference; many voices in harmony can forge transformation. NEMA is the conduit for your voice. ei

Stock art Credits Cover, 1: ©iStockphoto.com/AvailableLight 12: ©iStockphoto.com/Gajus

Participation Shapes the Future

30: ©iStockphoto.com/choness

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