22.10.2008

What Future for 6LoWPAN? Zach Shelby Head of Research

WSN&CO Concentration Meeting, Public

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Vision - The Internet of Things Internet of Things = 1012

Fringe Internet = 109

Core Internet = 106

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Advanced Metering Infrastructures

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Sensinode in Brief • Founded in 2005, spin-off of the CWC and the e-Sense FP6 project • World leader in IP-based low-power wireless sensor networks • Founding promoter of the IPSO Alliance Main Markets & Customers • Energy, Building Automation, Logistics, Security and Defense • Customers include chip & radio module manufacturers, OEMs, engineering houses, system integrators and solution providers Products • NanoStack™ - The 6LoWPAN solution for SoC radios • NanoRouter™ - Internet 6LoWPAN router SW+HW platform • Development & Evaluation Kits

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Sensinode Technology Core Technology

• IPv6 networking for very low-power radio on extremely embedded devices • Seamless Internet routing and context • 6LoWPAN, IPv6 and other IP standards • IEEE 802.15.4 and ISM band radios • Web services, ERP and C2 backends Advantages of the Internet Protocol

• Long-life and stability of standard • Scalability and maintainability • Easy learning curve • Seamless Internet integration • End-to-end context • “You never loose with IP”

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6LoWPAN - IPv6 for Low-power Wireless • IETF standard RFC4944 for IPv6 over low• •

power networks 80% compression of headers Rich and flexible features

• Auto-configuration • IPv6 fragmentation • Mesh forwarding and mobilty

• Common Socket API • Seamless Internet integration • Support for multiple radios • • • •

IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4a 433/868/915 MHz Even low-bandwidth power-line!

Sockets

UDP + ICMP IPv6 LoWPAN 802.15.4 MAC 2.4 GHz

CSS

UWB

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6LoWPAN - Header Example Worst case: Full TCP/IPv6 127 B Frame 11 B

40 B

MAC hdr

20 B

IPv6

TCP

4B

52 B Payload

FCS

Best case: 6LoWPAN UDP/IPv6 127 B Frame 7B

3B

MAC hdr

1B

3B

lowpan cIP cUDP

4B

FCS

108 B Payload

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6LoWPAN - Architecture

• Native 6LoWPAN framing • Very small MTU • Binary application protocols

6LoWPAN IPv6, IPv4

• 6LoWPAN compression • WSN managment • Possible 6-to-4

• Full IPv6, IPv4 (6-to-4) • IPSEC, SSL, TLS • Web-Services

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IP Smart Objects Alliance • Promoting the use of IP in networks of Smart Objects • The IPSO Alliance will extend the reach of IP to the Internet of Things Goals of IPSO Create awareness of available and developing technology with IP for Smart Objects z Generate tutorials, white papers and highlight use cases z Complement the IETF which defines standards, but does no marketing z Link companies that support IP based sensing and control systems z Coordinate and combine member marketing efforts z Support and organize interoperability z

http://www.ipso-alliance.org

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IPSO - Founding Members • Arch Rock • Atmel • Cimetrics • Cisco • Duke Energy • Dust Networks • Électricité de France R&D • Eka Systems • Emerson Climate Technologies • Ericsson • Freescale • Gainspan • IP Infusion • Jennic

• Kinney Consulting • Nivis • PicosNet • Proto6 • ROAM • SAP • Sensinode • SICS • Silver Spring Networks • Sun Microsystems • Tampere University • Watteco • Zensys BOLD = European

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What Future for 6LoWPAN?

The Market • 802.15.4 chip shipments are growing fast • Over 7 Munits shipped in 2007 • Over 100 Munits estimated for 2012

• OnWorld’s industry expert survey showed that by 2009 • 55% will support ISA100 (based on 6LoWPAN) • 40% will support WirelessHART • ZigBee will hold onto about 30%

• Frost & Sullivan excited • Showing good WSN

industry maturity • Growth is 20-30% over the next 10 years • Seeing great potential in 6lowpan and ISA100

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Commercialization • 6LoWPAN implementations

• 3 stable open-source 6LoWPAN implementations

• Sensinode NanoStack 1.x SourceForge released in 2006 • Berkley b6lowpan for TinyOS released in 2008 • SICS uIPv6 released 2 weeks ago

• At least 4 commercial stack products • All major chip makers active with 6LoWPAN

• 6LoWPAN deployment examples • Energy industry • Factory monitoring • RFID infrastructure

• ISA100 getting a good start

• Several commercial implementations started • Large players behind the effort • Cisco • Emerson • Honeywell

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Standardization • 6LoWPAN 2.0 standards in progress

• Next generation header compression standard completed 4Q-2008 • Neighbor discovery for 6lowpan standard completed 4Q-2008 • Work on architecture, use cases, security, application protocols ongoing

• IETF Routing for Low-power Lossy (ROLL) networks • • • •

New working group at the IETF Standardizing routing for monitoring and control applications Support for IPv4, IPv6 and 6LoWPAN networks First recommendations expected 1Q-2009

• ISA100 wireless industrial automation standard

• 6LoWPAN based system standard specifically for industrial needs • v1 standard is being finalized • v2 work starting

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ZigBee/IP 2010? • ZigBee standardizes application profiles

• Serious drawbacks in ZigBee networking

• IPv6 networking with 6LoWPAN is unbeatable • Lack of application standards interoperability

• Why not marry ZigBee profiles + 6LoWPAN networking? ZigBee Profiles UDP + ICMP IPv6 LoWPAN 802.15.4 MAC 2.4 GHz

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Top 5 Research Challenges The 6LoWPAN WSN paradigm bring exciting research challenges:

1. Scalability of the Internet “embedded fringe” - 1012 2. Heterogeneous and mobile WSN integration 3. End-to-end application protocols and metadata 4. Routing in a wide range of WSN applications 5. Future Internet - making the Internet of Things an integral part

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Thank You! Zach Shelby, Head of Research [email protected]

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