Appendix 1

VBA Program of RAS Method

RAS Macro Sheets( Sheet1 ).Select 1 Define the arrays and variables referred to in the RAS method. =============Define arrays and variables ============== Static rn As Integer Row Static cn As Integer Column rn = 2 cn = 3 ReDim G(rn, cn) ReDim A(rn, cn) ReDim Row(rn) ReDim Col(cn) Dim ba As Double ba = 1 2 Import the initial matrix A0, row sum vector ROW, column sum vector COL, and intermediate matrix A00 from the corresponding region of Excel workbook Sheet1 . ====Import the row sum, initial matrix and intermediate matrix==== For i = 1 To rn Row(i) = Sheets( Sheet1 ).Cells(i + 1, cn + 3).Value cn+3 is the given column sum For j = 1 To cn G(i, j) = Cells(i + 1, j + 1).Value A(i, j) = G(i, j) Next j Next i ================Import the column sum============== For j = 1 To cn Col(j) = Sheets( Sheet1 ).Cells(rn + 3, j + 1) rn+3 is the given row sum Next j 3 Check whether the summation of elements in the given vector COL or ROW is equal with each other. If not, vector COL should be adjusted in proportion. ========= Check whether the summation of elements in the given========

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=========vector COL or ROW is equal with each other============== rsum = 0 csum = 0 For i = 1 To rn rsum = rsum + Row(i) Next i For j = 1 To cn csum = csum + Col(j) Next j ======= If vector COL or ROW is not equal with each other,======= ========= adjust vector COL in proportion=============== If csum rsum Then ba = rsum / csum For j = 1 To cn Col(j) = Col(j) * ba Next j End If 4 Calculate the RAS iterative process. ======================RAS iterates================== iter = 0 Top: iter = iter + 1 rdismax = 0 cdismax = 0 5 Use the multiplicator of column to multiply the intermediate matrix A00 in the right, and calculate the column sum gap between the obtained matrix and the given matrix COL. Use the multiplicator of column to multiply the intermediate matrix in the right For j = 1 To cn csum = 0 For i = 1 To rn csum = csum + A(i, j) Next i If (Abs(csum) > 0) Then csum = Col(j) / csum Else csum = 0 End If For i = 1 To rn A(i, j) = A(i, j) * csum Next i ====Calculate column sum gap between the obtained matrix======= ====and the given matrix===========================

Appendix 1

VBA Program of RAS Method

dis = Abs(csum - 1) If (dis > cdismax) Then cdismax = dis: cis = csum - 1: jmax = j End If Next j 6 Use the multiplicator of row to multiply the intermediate matrix A00 in the left, and calculate the row sum gap between the obtained matrix and the given matrix ROW. ==Use the multiplicator of row to multiply the intermediate matrix in the left== For i = 1 To rn rsum = 0 For j = 1 To cn rsum = rsum + A(i, j) Next j If (Abs(rsum) > 0) Then rsum = Row(i) / rsum Else: rsum = 0 End If For j = 1 To cn A(i, j) = A(i, j) * rsum ==Calculate row sum gap between the obtained matrix and the given matrix== dis = Abs(rsum - 1) If (dis > rdismax) Then rdismax = dis: rdis = rsum - 1: imax = i End If Continue: Next i 7 Determine whether the iterations can be converged, and set the termination conditions of iteration, which include two aspects, First, the iterations cannot be infinite, here we set it as no more than 50,000; Second, the row sum gap or column sum gap between the result matrix and given matrix is small enough, here we set the error accuracy as 0.000001. ==========Determine whether the iterations converge========= If (cdismax > rdismax) Then dismax = cdismax Else: dismax = rdismax End If ===========Set the termination conditions of iteration======== If (iter < 50000 And dismax > 0.000001) Then

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VBA Program of RAS Method

GoTo Top End If If (dismax > 0.000001) Then Beep End If Cells(rn + 5, 1) = ba 8 Record the final result matrix obtained from the iterations and export the structure to workbook Sheet1 in the corresponding region. ============Record the final result matrix============ For i = 1 To rn For j = 1 To cn If Row(i) = 0 Then Cells(i + rn + 5, j + 1).Value = 0 Else: Cells(i + rn + 5, j + 1).Value = A(i, j) * ba End If Next j Next i Beep Worksheets ( Sheet1 ).Activate

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Table 4. Code number of production activities, commodities, factors, institutions, capital accounts, account of other regions and the total Code Production activities 1 Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing 2 Coal mining and dressing 3 Petroleum and natural gas mining 4 Metallic mining 5 Non-metallic mining 6 Food manufacturing and tobacco processing 7 Manufacture of textile 8 Garment leather, eider down and related products production 9 Wood processing and furniture manufacturing 10 Paper printing and stationery 11 Petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing 12 The chemical industry 13 Non-metallic mineral products industry 14 Metal smelting and rolling processing 15 Metal products industry 16 General and special equipment manufacturing 17 Transportation equipment manufacturing 18 Electrical, machinery and equipment manufacturing 19 Communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing 20 Manufacture of measuring instruments and machinery for cultural activity and office work 21 Other manufacturing industries 22 Waste scrap 23 Electricity, heat production and supply 24 Gas production and supply 25 Water production and supply 26 Construction industry 27 Transportation and warehousing 28 Postal and telecommunication services 29 Information transmission, computer services and software industry 30 Wholesale and retail trade 31 Accommodation and catering 32 Finance and insurance 33 Real estate 34 Leasing and business services 35 Tourism 36 Scientific research business 37 Comprehensive technical services 38 Other social services 39 Education 40 Health, social security and social welfare sector 41 Culture, sports and entertainment 42 Public administration and social organizations 43 Land conversion industry 44 Economic forestry conversion 45 Grassland conversion 46 Other types of land use conversion Commodities 47 Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing

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SAM of Jiangxi Province in 2007

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Continued Code 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

Production activities Coal mining and dressing Petroleum and natural gas mining Metallic mining Non-metallic mining Food manufacturing and tobacco processing Manufacture of textile Garment Leather, eider down and related products production Wood processing and furniture manufacturing Paper printing and stationery Petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing The chemical industry Non-metallic mineral products industry Metal smelting and rolling processing Metal products industry General and special equipment manufacturing Transportation equipment manufacturing Electrical, machinery and equipment manufacturing Communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing Manufacture of measuring instruments and machinery for cultural activity and office work Other manufacturing industries Waste scrap Electricity, heat production and supply Gas production and supply Water production and supply Construction industry Transportation and warehousing Postal and telecommunication services Information transmission, computer services and software industry Wholesale and retail trade Accommodation and catering Finance and insurance Real estate Leasing and business services Tourism Scientific research business Comprehensive technical services Other social services Education Health, social security and social welfare sector Culture, sports and entertainment Public administration and social organizations Cultivated land conversion Economic forestry conversion Grassland conversion Other types of land use conversion Factors Labor Capital Cultivated land

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SAM of Jiangxi Province in 2007

Continued Code 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104

Production activities Economic forests Grassland Other types of land use Institutions Residents Businesses Government Capital account Investment/Savings Account of other regions Rest of world Total Total

Index

A ABM/LUCC 24 activity account 117, 119 agent-based models (ABM) 24 agricultural ecosystem model 68 agro-ecological zoning 160, 162, 163, 251 Anhui 184, 242, 254, 263 ArcGIS 220, 223, 224 ArcMap 223 area percentage 137 area percentage data model 49, 140

B baseline scenarios 79 Beijing 242, 254, 255, 259–261 binary dummy variables 47 binary variable 47, 49 bottom-up method 115, 116

C canonical correlation analysis 19, 54, 59 capital account 109, 112, 187 CE 124 cellular automata model 24 CENTURY model 64, 65, 68 CES function 96 CEVSA model 64 CGE model 93 CGELUC model 91–99, 106, 183– 190, 272 Chahar 213 Changsha 184

Chedaogou Village 214 Chengjiao 214 China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 1 (CBERS-1) 248 CLUE-S 183 Cobb-Douglas function 96, 168 commodity account 109 constant elasticity of substitution (CES) 96 constant elasticity of transformation 97 conversion account 109, 189

D deforestation 12, 25, 62, 63 desertification 17, 56, 57, 96, 234 differential rent theory 5 direct tax 112 dissipative structure theory 5 DLS 159, 226 Dongxiangzi towns 214

E ecological forest 108 economic priority 196 economic priority scenario 70, 196, 202, 233 ecosystem service 27, 29 ELMLUP 133–136, 230, 231 ELMLUP model 228 ELMLUP regression 228 environment protection 196 environmental protection scenario 70, 79, 197, 200, 206, 233, 234, 237

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Index

estimation system for land productivity (ESLP) 159, 160, 256, 273 explanatory linear model of land use pattern (ELMLUP) 273

F factor account 117, 119 final usage account 117 foreign account 119, 122 free on board (FOB) 190 Fujian 184 Fujian Delta 184

G general algebraic modeling system (GAMS) 192 general circulation model (GCM) 43 geographic information system (GIS) 5, 131 global change 16, 18, 26, 27, 31, 41, 53, 54, 271 global change and terrestrial ecosystems (GCTE) 26 Global Land Project 25, 271 global positioning systems (GPS) 11 global warming 43 Gongbaolage Sumu 214 gray correlation analysis 74 grey relational analysis 57 grid area percentage data 138 grid data 51, 137, 151, 170 Guangdong 184 Guangzhou 184 Guyuan County 209

H Hebei 209, 242 Hefei 184 Henan 255

Hongqi Town 214 Hongshanzi 214 Houfangzi Village 213 Hubei 184 human socioeconomic system 41 human-environment systems 27 human-land system dynamics 28 Hunan 184

I indirect tax 112 Inner Mongolia 209 institution account 117 International Biological Program (IBP) 65 International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) 1 International Human Dimension of Global Environmental Change Program (IHDP) 1 IO table 117, 185

J Jiangsu 242 Jiangxi 184

K Kangbao County 209

L labor account 109 land assessment 3, 4, 6, 8, 17 land carrying capacity 2, 4, 8, 160 land productivity potential 3–5, 10 land system dynamics 26, 94, 209, 217, 224 land system structure 5, 6, 44, 45, 74, 81, 106, 272, 273 land type 2, 51, 144, 149 land use and land cover change 18, 185, 271

Index

land use for global environmental conservation 18 land use pattern 12, 63, 72, 129, 146, 226 landsat TM/ETM 22, 247, 248 linear probability model (LPM) 46 linear regression functions 135 linear regression model 134 logistic regression model 77 Luotuoshan Town 214

M Mafangzi 214

N Nanjing 184 net primary productivity (NPP) 65 nonlinear regression model 54

O optimum regression 58 ordinary least squares 47, 137

P partial correlation analysis 54, 59, 60 PLS regression 141, 142 potential climate productivity 164– 167, 169, 175 potential land production 164 potential photosynthetic productivity 163, 164 potential thermal productivity 164, 166, 169, 174 Poyang Lake watershed 184 principal component analysis 23, 54, 56, 74 product account 117, 119

R RAS 123 remote sensing (RS) 5 ROC curve 230, 231

299

S SAM 185 Shagou 214 Shandong 242 Shanghai 184 social-environmental system 29 socio-environmental land systems 27 soil erosion 14, 63, 159 spatial allocation 45, 71, 133 spatial autocorrelation 61, 106, 108, 135 stepwise logistic regression 261 stepwise regression method 58 system dynamics model 78

T Taips League 209–220, 222–226, 228, 233–237 tariff account 112 terrestrial ecosystems 271 The North China Plain 107, 241– 247, 251–261, 263–267 thematic quantitative analysis 78, 92, 93, 96, 106 three-tier modeling 82 Tianjin 242 top-down method 115, 116 Touzhijian Town 213, 214

U urbanization 12, 45, 63, 74

V variance inflation factor 228 vegetation degradation v

W Wanshoutan 214 Wuhan 184 Wumianjiang 214

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Index

X Xiamen 184 Xilin Gol League 209 Xingfu Town 214

Y Yangtze River 184

Yangtze River Delta 184 Yinshan Mountains 213

Z Zhejiang 184 Zhengxianglan Banner 209 Zhengxiangbai Banner 209 Zhujiang River Delta 184