Validation and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions Based on the ISO 14064 Series The ISO 14064 series provides specific requirements and guidelines for designing, maintaining and reporting on GHG inventories on organizational level and for quantifying and reporting on GHG emission reductions on project level. It aims to:

▪▪ offer uniform criteria and practices for GHG accounting and verification

▪▪ achieve consistency among GHG emissions reporters ▪▪ promote clarity, transparency and credibility in quantifying GHG emissions towards various stakeholders ▪▪ allow organizations to manage their liabilities and risks associated with GHG emissions Our extensive expertise has allowed us to perform validation and verification of GHG emissions both in international GHG programs and national schemes (e.g. Japanese Voluntary Emissions Trading Scheme: J-VETS).

Third-Party Assessment of Product Carbon Footprint Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) refers to the overall amount of GHG emissions throughout the life-cycle of products. It provides an inventory of all GHGs being generated at each stage of the product life-cycle, identifies GHG emission sources and potential reduction opportunities. Our third-party assessment of PCF ensures that the quantification of GHG emissions is accurate and will enhance a transparent environmental benchmarking of products.

Head Office TÜV Rheinland (India) Pvt. Ltd. 82/A West Wing, 3rd Main Road, Electronic City Phase I, Bangalore-560 100, India. Tel # : +91-(0)80 3989 9888/ 3055 4319 Fax # : +91-(0)80 30554342 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ind.tuv.com

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For a sustainable low-carbon society

Greenhouse Gas Abatement Services Our contribution to a transparent and credible Carbon Market.

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a flexible mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, which allows countries with GHG emission reduction commitments to invest in projects reducing greenhouse gases in developing countries. Revenues from Certified Emission Reductions (CER), the equivalent of one tonne of CO2 reduction, can form part of the project’s cash flow. Typical GHG emission reduction projects

▪▪ Renewable energy utilization ▪▪ Energy-efficiency improvements ▪▪ Fuel-switching in industry, transport, housing etc. ▪▪ Solid waste management ▪▪ Coal mine methane recovery ▪▪ Fugitive emissions reduction

Joint Implementation (JI) Joint Implementation (JI) allows countries with emission reduction commitments under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex I parties) to earn credits from projects realizing emission reductions in other Annex I Parties. TÜV Rheinland Japan Ltd. is accredited as DOE / AIE (Designated Operational Entity / Accredited Independent Entity) by UNFCCC to perform validation / determination and verification of CDM / JI projects within all sectoral scopes. Validation / Verification Process Publication of PDD / Monitoring Report

Preparation for Site Visit

Site Visit

Draft Validation / Verification Report

Voluntary Emission Reduction (VER) Voluntary Emission Reductions (VERs) are project-based carbon credits, which are traded with purposes other than regulatory compliance. Companies, organizations and individuals can offset their own GHG emissions resulting from activities such as manufacturing, transportation, product use or even personal travel by purchasing VERs. This enables VER buyers to:

▪▪ contribute to achieving a low-carbon society ▪▪ complement existing product / service marketing strategies ▪▪ boost corporate image and communication with clients ▪▪ help achieving Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) goals The accreditation as DOE enables us also to perform validation and verification of VERs in the emerging voluntary carbon market schemes, including:

▪▪ the Gold Standard (GS) ▪▪ the Voluntary Carbon Standard (VCS) ▪▪ the Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) The principle of carbon crediting

Resolution of Findings

Final Validation / Verification Report

Technical Review

Request for Registration / CER Issuance

European Union – Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) In January 2005, the EU Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) commenced operation as the largest multi-country, multi-sector greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme. In the first and second commitment periods, more than 10,000 installations have been covered from industrial sectors such as:

As an accredited EU-ETS verifier, we offer verification of GHG emissions in important EU Member States and have been active in developing monitoring and reporting guidelines, implementing the scheme in new EU member states and reviewing permits, monitoring plans and verification reports. Energy

Refinery

Coke Oven

Sintering Plant

Iron & Steel

Ceramics

Glass

Cement

Lime

Pulp & Paper

EU-ETS verification process