Users Manual. Automotive Meter. For IEC CAT II Meters Only

® 78 Automotive Meter Users Manual For IEC 61010 CAT II Meters Only PN 666625 November 1998 Rev.1, 9/00 © 1998, 2000 Fluke Corporation. All rights...
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78

Automotive Meter

Users Manual For IEC 61010 CAT II Meters Only

PN 666625 November 1998 Rev.1, 9/00 © 1998, 2000 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

Table of Contents

Title What is in the Manual.................................................................................................... Using the Meter Safely .................................................................................................. Getting Acquainted with the Meter ................................................................................ Rotary Switch ........................................................................................................... Input Jacks ............................................................................................................... Thermocouple Adapter ............................................................................................. Display...................................................................................................................... RPushbutton....................................................................................................... Standby (Sleep) Mode.............................................................................................. Bar Graph ................................................................................................................. Autorange with "Floor".............................................................................................. Typical Testing Applications.......................................................................................... G,F How to Measure Voltage ................................................................................... L How to Test Diodes .......................................................................................... N, AdHow to Measure Current .............................................................................. w How to Test Continuity........................................................................................ J How to Measure Resistance ................................................................................. RPM ut How to Measure RPM with the RPM80 Inductive Pickup (Optional) ........

i

Page 1 1 4 4 6 6 8 10 10 12 12 14 14 16 18 20 22 24

78 Users Manual Hz s How to Use DC-Coupled HZ to Check BP/MAP Sensors ............................. Hz d How to Use AC-Coupled Hz on a Crankshaft Position Sensor .................... m How to Measure Dwell on Conventional Ignitions ........................................... % How to Measure Duty Cycle on a Feedback Carburetor...................................... °C °F How to Measure Temperature on a Coolant Temperature Sensor.................. How to Store Minimum and Maximum Measurements................................................... How to Use the Bar Graph to Test a Throttle Position Sensor....................................... How to Lock the Meter in a Measurement Range.......................................................... Using the Holster and Flex-Stand .................................................................................. Maintenance .................................................................................................................. Cleaning.................................................................................................................... Calibration................................................................................................................. How to Test the Fuse ................................................................................................ How to Replace the Battery or Fuse ......................................................................... Accessories and Parts ................................................................................................... Specifications.................................................................................................................

ii

26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 40 42 42 42 42 42 42 46

List of Tables

Table 1. 2. 3. 4.

Title

Page

Symbols ............................................................................................................................. Measurement Unit Symbols ............................................................................................... Pushbutton Operations ...................................................................................................... Replacement Parts and Accessories .................................................................................

1 8 11 45

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78 Users Manual

iv

List of Figures

Figure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

Title

Page

Rotary Switch ..................................................................................................................... Input Jacks ......................................................................................................................... Display ............................................................................................................................... Interpreting the Bar Graph ................................................................................................. Measuring No-Load Voltage of Battery .............................................................................. Testing Diodes in Alternator Rectifier Bridge ..................................................................... Isolating Circuit Causing Current Drain.............................................................................. Testing Continuity in a Switch ............................................................................................ Measuring Resistance to Check Coolant Temperature Sensor ......................................... Measuring RPM with the (Optional) Inductive Pickup ........................................................ Checking Barometric Pressure/Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor ................................. Using AC Coupled-Frequency on a Crankshaft Position Sensor ....................................... Measuring Dwell on a Conventional Ignitions .................................................................... Measuring Duty Cycle on a Feedback Carburetor ............................................................. Measuring the Temperature of Coolant Temperature Sensor............................................ Using MIN MAX to Check an Oxygen Sensor .................................................................... Using Bar Graph to Observe Sweep of Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) ............................

5 7 9 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

v

78 Users Manual 18. 19. 20. 21.

Holster and Flex-Stand ....................................................................................................... Fuse Test............................................................................................................................ Fuse and Battery Replacement .......................................................................................... Replacement Parts .............................................................................................................

vi

41 43 44 45

IGNITION/ENGINE Coils Computer Temp Sensors Condensers (Capacitors) Connectors Contacts Set Distributor Cap Engine Speed Feedback Carburetors Fuel Injectors (Electronic) Hall-Type Sensors Idle Air Motors Ignition Modules MAF Sensor Magnetic Pickups MAP & BP Sensors 02 Sensors Throttle Position Sensors STARTING SYSTEM Battery Connectors Interlocks (neutral safety switch) Solenoids Starters * Used with Fluke 80i-410 or 80i-1010 current clamp. ** With optional RPM 80 Inductive Pickup accessory.

M ill iv M olt IN s M O hm AX R s PM Te ** m Vo per lts atu Vo AC re lts D C

ps ar DC G * C ra on ph tin ui ty % D ut D y w el Cy cl H l e z B

A

m

APPLICATIONS GUIDE

A m p B sD ar G C* C ra on p tin h ui ty % D D uty w el Cy cl H l e z M ill iv M olt IN s O MA hm X s R PM Te ** m p Vo er lts atu Vo A re lts C D C

APPLICATIONS GUIDE (cont)

COOLING SYSTEM Connectors Fan Motor Radiator Relays Temperature Sensors Temperature Switches CHARGING SYSTEM Alternators Computerized Regulators Connectors Diodes, (AC Ripple) Diode Rectifier Regulators BODY ELECTRIC Compressor Clutch Lighting Circuits Relay and Motor Diodes Transmissions * Used with Fluke 80i-410 or 80i-1010 current clamp. ** With optional RPM 80 Inductive Pickup accessory.

DISPLAY

78

AUTOMOTIVE METER

AC DC mV Mk Hz RPM 1 2

BAR GRAPH

0

MAX

OFF

1

MIN

2

3

AUTO

4000 V

SKID RESISTANT PADS

V Hz V Hz

PHILLIPS-HEAD SCREWS PUSHBUTTON RPM

ROTARY SWITCH

2 1

°C°F

A

PRESS MIN / MAX Hz

1

RPM

1 SEC 2 SEC

V

+

INPUT JACKS 10A

300V 30V °C°F CAT

30V

WARNING TO AVOID DAMAGE OR INJURY, USE ONLY IN PROTECTED CIRCUITS WHICH CAN NOT EXCEED 4800 VOLT-AMPS. TO PREVENT FIRE, INSTALL FUSE WITH AMP/VOLT RATINGS SHOWN. TO AVOID ELECTRICAL SHOCK, REMOVE TEST LEADS BEFORE OPENING CASE. F 15A 600V MIN INTERRUPT RATING 10 000A 9V NEDA 1604 6F22 006P

COM FLUKE CORPORATION MADE IN USA U.S. PATENTS: 4,556,867 4,532,470

FUSED

FRONT

BACK

SAFETY INFORMATION

FUSE RATING BATTERY TYPE

What is in the Manual

Warning Read "Using the Meter Safely" before using the meter. Note The automotive tests included in this manual are intended to help you learn how to use the meter. Consult your car’s service manual for specific procedures that apply to your car.

What is in the Manual This manual provides safety information, operating instructions, basic maintenance procedures, and specifications for the Fluke 78 Automotive Meter (referred to as "the meter"). To contact Fluke, call one of the following telephone numbers: USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853) Europe: +31 402-678-200 Japan: +81-3-3434-0181 Singapore: +65-738-5655 Anywhere in the world: +1-425-446-5500 Or, visit Fluke’s Web site at www.fluke.com Refer to the 78 Service Manual (P/N 666617) for complete servicing information. If the meter is damaged or something is missing, contact the place of purchase immediately.

Fluke Corporation P.O. Box 9090 Everett WA 98206-9090 Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 1186 5602 B.D. Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Using the Meter Safely Use the meter as described in this manual. Otherwise the safety features provided by the meter might be impaired. A Warning identifies conditions and actions that pose hazards to the user; a Caution identifies conditions and actions that might damage the meter. International electrical symbols used on the meter are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Symbols Symbol

Meaning Important information. See manual. Alternating current (AC) Direct current (DC) Alternating or direct current (AC or DC) Diode Ground Fuse Double insulation (Protection Class II) Conforms to European Union directives

1

78 Users Manual •

Do not operate the meter around explosive gas, vapor or dust.



Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the meter, between terminals or between any terminal and earth ground.



Before each use, verify the meter’s operation by measuring a known voltage.

To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury:



When servicing the meter, use only specified replacement parts.



Avoid working alone.





Do not use the meter if it is damaged. Before use, inspect the case for cracks or missing plastic. Pay particular attention to the insulation surrounding the connectors.

Use caution when working above 30 V ac rms, 42 V ac peak, or 60 V dc. Such voltages pose a shock hazard.



Keep your fingers behind the finger guards on the probe when making measurements.

Read First: Safety Information This meter complies with EN 61010-1:1993, ANSI/ISA S82.01-1994 and CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1-92 Overvoltage Category II. Use the meter only as specified in this Users Manual, otherwise the protection provided by the meter may be impaired.

Warning

2



Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal. Check test lead continuity. Replace damaged leads.



Connect the common test lead before connecting the live test lead. Disconnect the live test lead first.



Do not use the meter if it operates abnormally. Protection may be impaired. When in doubt, have the meter serviced.



Remove test leads from the meter before opening the case.

Using the Meter Safely •

Use only a single 9 V battery, properly installed in the meter case, to power the meter.



Follow all equipment safety procedures.



Before measuring current, check the meter’s fuses (see “How to Test the Fuse”).



Never touch the probe to a voltage source when the test leads are plugged into the 10 A input jack.



Always use clamp-on probes (dc current clamps) when measuring current exceeding 10 A.



DO NOT connect thermocouple to voltages exceeding 30 V.



To avoid false readings, which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury, replace the meter’s battery as soon as the low battery indicator (N) appears. Caution

To avoid possible damage to the meter or to equipment under test: •

Disconnect the power to the circuit under test and discharge all high voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity or diodes.



Use the proper function and range for your measurement applications.



When measuring current, turn off circuit power before connecting the meter in the circuit. Remember to place the meter in series with the current.

3

78 Users Manual

Getting Acquainted with the Meter Rotary Switch Turn the rotary switch (Figure 1) from OFF to another switch setting to turn the meter ON. The display lights for 1 second as part of a selftest routine. The meter is now ready to take measurements.

4

Each switch setting has a primary AND an alternate function. Primary functions are in white; alternate functions are in yellow. To toggle between a primary and alternate function, hold down the push-button for 2 seconds.

Getting Acquainted with the Meter

VOLTS AC OR AC-COUPLED HZ

VOLTS DC OR DC-COUPLED HZ

V Hz

OFF

V Hz DWELL OR DUTY CYCLE

PUSHBUTTON (See Table 3)

RPM (WITH OPTIONAL RPM 80)

RPM

2 1

RESISTANCE OR CONTINUITY TEST

A

°C°F

TEMPERATURE OR DIODE TEST AMPS DC OR AC mt01f.eps

Figure 1. Rotary Switch

5

78 Users Manual

Input Jacks

Warning To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, never attempt a voltage measurement if a test lead is in the 10A jack. The meter has four input jacks (Figure 2) that are protected against overloads to the limits shown on the front and back of the meter.

Thermocouple Adapter

Warning To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, do not connect the thermocouple to voltages exceeding 30 V.

6

The 80BK Thermocouple Adapter allows you to use a thermocouple to measure temperature. If the adapter gets lost or damaged, replace the adapter with a Flukespecified part (see Table 4) to ensure optimum performance of the thermocouple. The meter measures temperature using Type-K thermocouple probes. This thermocouple is suitable for making surface temperature measurements from -40°C (or °F) to 260°C (500°F) in teflon-compatible environments.

Warning To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, do not use this thermocouple in liquids or at temperatures above 260°C (500°F). At these temperatures the teflon insulation can emit toxic gases.

Getting Acquainted with the Meter

RPM

RPM

10A

VOLTS, OHMS, DIODE TEST, DWELL, DUTY CYCLE, TEMPERATURE, CONTINUITY AND HZ

V

+

300V 30V °C°F CAT

30V

COM

FUSED

AMPS (10 A CONTINUOUS, 20 A FOR 200 ms in duration (+/52 digits in 400 ) Nominal Response time (5 to 100% of Range) 100 ms to 80%

Inductive Pickup Thermocouple

MIN MAX Recording

J

Specifications Function AC Volts* (45 Hz to 1 kHz)

DC Volts*

Resistance

Continuity Diode Test AC Current (45 Hz to 1 kHz) DC Current

Range

Resolution

4.000 V 40.00 V 300.0 V 300 V  400.0 mV 4000 mV 4.000 V 40.00 V 300.0 V 300 V 400.0 Ω 4.000 kΩ 40.00 kΩ 400.0 kΩ 4.000 MΩ 40.00 MΩ 400.0 Ω

0.001 V 0.01 V 0.1 V 1V  0.1 mV 1 mV 0.001 V 0.01 V 0.1 V 1V 0.1 Ω 0.001 kΩ 00.01 kΩ 000.1 kΩ 0.001 MΩ 0.01 MΩ 0.1 Ω

2.500 V 10.00 A**

0.001 V 0.01 A

Accuracy ±(2.5% + 2) ±(2.5% + 2) ±(2.5% + 2) ±(2.5% + 2) ±1.5dB typical ±(0.3% + 5) ±(0.3% + 1) ±(0.3% + 1) ±(0.3% + 1) ±(0.3% + 1) ±(0.3% + 1) ±(0.5% + 2) ±(0.5% + 1) ±(0.5% + 1) ±(0.5% + 1) ±(0.5% + 1) ±(1% +3) Beeper on @ 10 MΩ

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