GOVERNMENT OF ANGOLA/ UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND

5th COUNTRY PROGRMME (2005-2008) EVALUATION REPORT

By Moulie A. Gibril Population and Development Consultant Zeline Jatu Pritchard Sexual and Reproductive Health Consultant Muchimba Sikumba-Dils Gender Consultant

19 May - 7 June 2008 Luanda, Angola

PAGE NO. TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Abbreviations and Acronyms

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Foreword

vii

Acknowledgements

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Executive Summary

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1.0

INTRODUCTION

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2.0

NATIONAL CONTEXT

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3.0

EVALUATION FINDINGS

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3.1 Programme Implementation/Performance

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3.2 Programme Management and Coordination

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3.3 Resources Management and Expenditure

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4.0

CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNED

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5.0

RECOMMENDATIONS

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ANNEXES Annex I

Terms of Reference of the Evaluation Team

Annex II

Persons Interviewed and Sites Visited

Annex III

List of Documents Reviewed

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Abbreviations and Acronyms AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

ANC

Antenatal Care

ADH

Adolescent Health Policy

ARH

Adolescent Reproductive Health

ARV

Anti-retroviral

ASRH

Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

BCC

Behavior Change & Communication

CAJ

CASA DO JUVENTUDE – Youth NGO

CBO

Community Based Organization

CCA

Common Country Assessment

CBD

Community Based Distributors

CPDs

Country Programme Documents

CPAP

Country Programme Action Plan

CO

Country Office

CP

Country Programme

CST

Country Technical Services Team

EDL

Essential Drug List

FP

Family Planning

EmONC

Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care

GBV

Gender Based Violence

GEPE

Gabinete de Estudos, Planificação e Estatistica (Studies, Planning and Statistics Office) Government of Angola

GOA

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GTG

Gender Theme Group

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

HC

Health Centre

IEC

Information, Education and Communication

ICPD

International Conference on Population and Development

INLS

Instituto Nacilnal de Luta Contra SIDA

IPPF

International Planned Parenthood Federation

JGP

Joint Gender Programme

JPSC

Joint Programme Steering Committee

JIRO

Youth Networking Group

LMIS

Health Management Information System

LTV

Luta Para Vida

MCH

Maternal and Child Health

MDG

Millennium Development Goals

MINFAMU

Ministry for Family and Promotion of Women

MMR

Maternal Mortality Rate

MOH

Ministry of Health

M&E

Monitoring and Evaluation

MYFF

Multi-Year Funding Framework

NGOs

Non-Governmental Organizations

NGP

National Gender Policy

OMA

Organizacao da Mulher Angolana ( Angolan Women’s Organization)

OVI

Objectively Verifiable Indicators

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P&D

Population & Development

PMTCT

Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission

POP/FLE

Population and Family Life Education

PNLS

Programa Nacional de Luta Contra SIDA (National HIV/AIDS Programme)

PRS

Poverty Reduction Strategy

PRSP

Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper

RM

Rede Mulher

RH

Reproductive Health

RHCS

Reproductive Health Commodities Security

RH&R

Reproductive Health and Rights

SADC

Southern Africa Development Community

SGBV

Sexual & Gender Based Violence

SRH

Sexual and Reproductive Health

SRH/RR

Sexual and Reproductive Health and Reproductive Rights

STIs

Sexually Transmitted Infections

TOR

Terms of Reference

ToT

Training of Trainees

UNEG

United Nations Evaluation Group

UNAIDS

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

UNCT

United Nations Country Team

UNDAF

United Nations Development Assessment Framework

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNFPA

United Nations Population Fund

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UNICEF

United Nations Children Fund

VAW

Violence against Women

VCT

Voluntary Counseling and Testing

WHO

World Health Organization

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Foreword This 5th Country Programme (CP) evaluation exercise was conducted at the request of the UNFPA Angola Country Office (CO), in order to provide an analytical review of the CP 2005 – 2008. The purpose is to provide the UNFPA CO with an independent view on the suitability and relevance of their strategy, the efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of their Programme and their achievements and shortfalls. Through this evaluation, UNFPA in Angola may reposition aspects of its collaboration with the Government of Angola (GOA) to better achieve its Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and improve the quality of life of the people of Angola. The evaluation exercise was undertaken from May 19 th to June 7th 2008 by a team of three independent consultants in Population and Development (P&D), Reproductive Health and Rights (RH&R), and Gender Equality. The methodology consisted of briefings, document review, consultation with relevant stakeholders and field visits. The team visited project sites in Luanda, Huila, and Benguela provinces and held discussions with project staff and other stakeholders. This report therefore consists of independent analyses by individuals not directly involved in the design and implementation of the 5th CP. It reflects the views of members of the evaluation team and not those of the Angola UNFPA CO.

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Acknowledgements The evaluation team is grateful to the UNFPA Assistant Representative and Reproductive Health (RH) National Programme Officer (NPO), Dr. Julio Leite for his support to the work of the team, thereby making it a success. We are grateful to his very able staff in the UNFPA CO for making our stay fruitful and rewarding. The team also wishes to thank Mr. Jose Ribeiro (NPO responsible for Monitoring and Evaluation and also Population and Development), and Mrs. Gabriella Simas (NPO responsible for Gender). The contributions of the secretary, Mrs. Ana Bela Braga and the drivers who assisted the evaluation team throughout the conduct of this evaluation are highly appreciated. Special thanks go to Dr. Mady Biaye, UNFPA CST Regional Technical Adviser on mission with UNFPA Angola CO to provide integrated technical and programmatic support, for his technical and invaluable insight into the programmes of the Government of Angola (GoA) and UNFPA. We highly commend the political leaders, government and non-governmental officials and individuals in Luanda, Huila and Benguela provinces, who willingly provided us with vital information required for the evaluation. We are indebted to all those who met with us and responded to our many queries about the GoA/UNFPA 5th CP. Working conditions in the country are not ideal and sacrifices had to be made. The team wishes to thank all those who assisted them in this regard.

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Executive Summary The evaluation of the GoA/UNFPA 5th CP 2005-2008 was conducted as a vital aspect of the UNFPA programme policies and procedures, and in line with the United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) norms and standards on monitoring and evaluation. The evaluation aimed at using reliable information and data for assessing achievements, constraints and lessons learnt from the 5th CP so as to provide guidance for the preparation of the 6 th CP 2009-2013. The methodology for the evaluation follows the specifications within the UNFPA evaluation policy and procedures and the evaluation terms of reference for the Angola 5 th CP. It combined a desk review of the 5th Country Programme Document (CPD), Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP), Annual Work Plans (AWPs), Country Office Annual Reports (COARs), mission reports and other relevant documents. Field visits were made to Benguela and Huila provinces to obtain on-the-ground information from stakeholders; and a debriefing session with the UNFPA CO team to present preliminary findings, clarify facts, fill gaps and discuss the findings. Highlights of the findings of the 5th CP evaluation are as follows: The programme did have positive effects, including increased knowledge of population and development, gender and reproductive health issues. However, there was widespread shortage of well trained staff as well as resources to manage and fully implement the programme. The RH NPO who is also the Assistant Representative was over-burdened and overstretched with the management of an enormous RH programme component which accounts for approximately eighty percent of the entire 5 th CP. Delays in signing the CPAP and disbursing funds resulted in unnecessary delays in programme implementation and undue frustrations for stakeholders and field staff. Obtaining timely signatures to the next cycle CP documents, as well as disbursing funds on time will serve as motivating factors for staff and implementing partners (IPs). Programme interventions were restricted to three of the eighteen provinces within Angola and even within those three selected provinces, coverage of services was limited. There was gross shortage of resources to implement activities programmed for the other components of the CP. For effective service and product delivery of the Programme components, the CO capacity needs to be strengthened first, followed by national capacity building. Strengthening institutional capacity of IPs has many advantages. Baseline indicators are absolutely necessary and should be established and their use promoted for effective programme monitoring and evaluation. Closer collaboration is also needed with the UNFPA CST, Sub-Regional Office (SRO) and Regional Office (RO), for technical backstopping in UNFPA substantive areas of RH&R including Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) and HIV/AIDS, P&D and Gender Equality.

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1.0

INTRODUCTION

The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) started its programme of assistance to Angola in 1978, integrated with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) project. It later on operated under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), with a Country Director heading its office. In 1999, UNFPA appointed its first Country Representative in Luanda. The current Country Programme, which is the fifth, started in 2005, and ends in December 2008. The Government of Angola/UNFPA 5th Country Programme (CP) covering the period 2005 2008 is now being evaluated in preparation for the 6th CP which starts in 2009 and runs through 2011. The 5th Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP) covers two main areas of UNFPA’s focus: Population and Development, including gender issues; and Reproductive Health, including family planning, HIV-AIDS and sexual health. Gender and Advocacy are seen as cross-cutting issues. Although the CPAP covers the period from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2008, its start was delayed for the first half of 2005 due to late signature of the project agreement between UNFPA and the Government of Angola (GOA). This late signing resulted in the late start of the implementation of the planned activities. The methodology used for the evaluation included a briefing by a UNFPA-CST Regional Technical Adviser on mission with UNFPA Angola CO, briefings by the CO national programme officers, desk review of documents relating to the 5th country programme such as reports, advocacy materials, protocols, and other relevant documents such as annual reports and mission reports; and interviews with key informants and stakeholders. Field visits were undertaken to Benguela and Huila Provinces to obtain on-the-ground information from stakeholders; visits to institutions of higher learning in Luanda – Agostino Neto University; and a debriefing session with the UNFPA CO team to present preliminary findings to discuss and clarify facts, fill gaps and obtain feedback from the CO staff. The Evaluation of the Fifth Country Programme reviewed the progress made in implementing the planned outputs of the programme. The evaluation exercise should lead to concrete steps in the preparation and implementation of the new CPAP. It will also provide inputs into the Angola UN Country Common Assessment (CCA) and the United Nations Development Framework (2009-2013). UNFPA CO has been without a Country Representative since the last Representative was reassigned in October 2007. The GoA has apparently had difficulties in approving a suitable candidate as Country Representative. Consequently, due to the protocol required to operate in Angola with the government, the absence of a Country Representative has resulted in operational constraints for the CO. Compounding this situation is the absence of a UNDP Resident Coordinator. This post has been vacant for most of the duration of the 5th Country Programme. This has also created a strained climate within which UN Agencies operate. It is apparent that relations between the UN and the Government face uphill challenges with UN agencies apparently not having a major influence on

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the GoA’s decisions. As a result, implementation of joint programmes and projects poses a tremendous challenge for the UN community. However UNFPA CO still works closely with the Government of Angola, and in line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the ICPD Programme of Action, and the Angola United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF). The CO has cultivated close working relations with its main partners, the Angola Ministry of Health in addressing major public health priority issues, particularly in the area of Sexual and Reproductive Health, as well as the Ministries of Planning and of Women’s Affairs. The CO works in partnership with other UN Agencies and has especially close ties with WHO, UNICEF, the Global Fund and UNAIDS, collaborating on several joint initiatives. UNFPA in collaboration with WHO and UNICEF, developed Angola’s Road Map for Accelerating the Reduction of Maternal and newborn Mortality and Morbidity. UNFPA is the Chair of the UN Joint Programme Sub-group on HIV and AIDS Prevention. The UNDAF development is in the process of being finalized and the UNFPA CO is an active member of the UNDAF Task Force. UNFPA is also a member of the UNJGP (Un Joint Gender Programme) and also collaborates closely with other United Nations agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).

2.0

National Context

Angola is a vast country with an estimated population of about 18 million, based on projections from the last census conducted in 1970. Recent estimates in 2007 show 16.3 million with a projection of 26.4 million in the year 2025. Fifty six percent of the population is under 18 years of age, one of the highest in the world. Angola has experienced prolonged conflict and destruction of its infrastructures since its independence in 1975. Although the civil war/conflict ended in April 2002, the accumulated destruction over the years means that the required resources for reconstruction and improvement of the quality of life of the population are vast. Although rich in mineral resources, the country was ranked 160 out of 177 in the 2005 Human Development Report. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is estimated by WHO in 2005 at 1,400 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. The infant mortality rate (IMR) is 195 per 100, 000 live births. Both the MMR and IMR are among the highest in Africa and the world. The neonatal mortality rate NNMR is estimated at 35 per 1,000 live births. Causes of neonatal deaths are not available. According to the MOH 2007 National Survey on Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care, hemorrhage, malaria and toxemias are the leading causes of maternal deaths, followed by unsafe abortion. Approximately 43 per cent of girls are engaged in sexual activities by the age of 15 and have had at least one child by the age of 19 or even earlier. Teenage pregnancy continues to be of immense concern. The contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) is low at 4.5 per cent. Total fertility rate (TFR) remains at 7.2.

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According to UNAIDS, HIV prevalence is 5.5 per cent and recent projections indicate that the national sero-prevalence rate could reach 18 percent by the year 2010. HIV is a major concern and challenge considering that half of the national population is under 24 years old. As a government response, the National Institute to fight HIV and AIDS (INLS) was created in 2005 and is chaired by the Head-of-State. The institute contributed $38 Million to the HIV/AIDS national initiative in 2008. No information on contributions in previous years was available. The INLS has Prevention, Treatment, Care and Psychosocial Support Units in all 18 provinces with 37 units providing integrated Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT), Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) services, and ARV drugs nationwide. Approximately 70 percent of Angola’s health infrastructures were destroyed during the Angolan war. Most of the health infrastructure was affected and these are still being renovated especially in the provinces. The Angolan Government has no Population policy or Health policy in place although the CO and other UN Agencies have participated in meetings to discuss the preparation of a draft National Health Policy. A policy for Reproductive Health exists as well as for HIV/AIDS. There is also a strategy for Adolescent Health, as well as a Poverty Reduction strategy. Data on Angola is extremely limited and sometimes unreliable. Available socio-economic data is very old, except for some indicators obtained from small scale sample surveys. This hampers the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development policies and programmes at all levels. As no population census has been carried out since independence, the Government is committed to the holding of a census. The Government is also committed to equal participation of women in all political, social and economic aspects of life. The Government of Angola is committed to the equal participation of women in all political, social and economic spheres of life. The GoA has demonstrated its commitment through the ratification of the SADC 1997 Declaration and 1998 Addendum to the Declaration on Gender and Development, emphasizing the prevention and eradication of violence against women and children. The GoA is equally committed to the 2006 Maputo Plan of Action adopted by African Ministers of Health in Maputo. This plan focuses on the integration of Sexual and Reproductive Health services into primary health care. UNFPA programme of assistance to Angola has progressively changed in accordance with the needs of the country as well as UNFPA’s major preoccupations. The focus has shifted from demographic targets to reproductive and sexual health, improving the quality of family planning services, gender equality, women’s empowerment, prevention of HIV/AIDS, and enhancement of the quality of individual lives. UNFPA works closely with the Government of Angola, nongovernmental organizations and other UN Agencies. In line with UNFPA Policies and Procedures Manual, the Final Evaluation reviews progress made in accomplishing the main outcomes and outputs of the Fifth CP 2005-2008. There was no mid-term review of the implementation of the Fifth CP, which would have reviewed the efforts made in the first half of the implementation period and guided the second half of the programme

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implementation. The Final Evaluation is therefore the only one being done since implementation started in 2005.

3.0

EVALUATION FINDINGS

3.1

Programme Implementation/Performance

The Fifth Country Programme was based on the recommendations of previous country programme assessments and the results of the national planning workshops with the governmental and nongovernmental organizations. The evaluation of the Fifth CP will analyze the performances and achievements made in implementing the programme objectives, and make recommendations on the objectives and strategies for the 6th Country Programme (2009-2013). The 5th CP was designed to contribute mainly to two out of three UNDAF objectives. These are (1) To promote economic growth and development, human rights and governance in accordance with internal norms by strengthening national capacities at all levels and empowering communities and increasing their participation in decision making processes, and (2) to strengthen the national capacity for development and delivery of basic services and to sustain processes of social empowerment aimed at : (a) reducing mortality among under-five children and women and reducing morbidity caused by major diseases; and (b) contributing to the universal access of children to quality primary education. 3.1.1 Objectives and Outputs of the Fifth Country Programme The Fifth Country Programme was based on the recommendations of previous country programme assessments and the results of the national planning workshops with the governmental and non-governmental organizations. The evaluation of the Fifth CP will analyze the performances and achievements made in implementing the programme objectives, and make recommendations on the objectives and strategies for the 6th Country Programme (2009-2013). The programme’s goal is “to contribute to the process of reconstruction and poverty reduction and to improve the quality of life of the people of Angola by: (a) promoting reproductive health and rights and by improving access to reproductive health information and services; (b) reducing the incidence of HIV/AIDS and maternal mortality; (c) reducing gender disparities and inequality between men and women; and (d) balancing demographic growth and resources. The country programme has two components, namely Population and Development and Reproductive Health. The Population and Development component is operationalized under the following outputs: Output 1 - “Strengthened capacity of Government institutions and NGOs at national and provincial levels to formulate, implement, and manage programs, including the National Gender Strategy and the National RH Strategy; and to integrate population and gender variables into all levels of programming”

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Output 2 – “Improved availability of updated socio-demographic data, disaggregated by sex and age and reliable socio-cultural and gender-sensitive information” Output 3 – “Strengthened institutional and NGOs’ capacity in advocacy for population, gender, development, reproductive health, the prevention of gender-based violence and harmful traditional practices, and the promotion of women’s rights”. The Reproductive Health is operationalized under the following outputs: Output 4 –“ Increased availability of high quality, integrated RH services, including FP, antenatal and post-natal care, skilled assistance at delivery, prevention and treatment of STIs, prevention of HIV, EmOC and behavior change communication (BCC) and counseling services for adolescents and victims of gender-based violence, including sexual violence” Output 5 – “Increased availability of RH information and services for adolescents and youth in the intervention areas” Output 6 – “Increased availability of information on specific RH issues, such as FP, the prevention of STIs/HIV/AIDS, promotion of gender equity and equality, family life education and GBV, in order to increase the demand for services” 3.1.2 Sub–Programmes 3.1.2.1 Population and Development (PDS) OUTPUT 1 – Strengthened Capacity of Government Institutions and NGOs at National and Provincial Levels to Formulate, Implement and Manage Programs, including National Gender Strategy and National RH Strategy, and to Integrate Gender Variables into all levels of Programming. Indicators: 1 - Increased Technical Capacity of National Staff to Formulate, Implement, Manage and Monitor Development Programs and Activities (National Gender Strategy; National RH Strategy) The formulation, management and monitoring of population and development programmes comes under the Planning and Development Directorate of the Ministry of Planning. There is no formal Population policy but there are various sectoral policies. Work on a National Population Policy figured in the last Country Programme but it was not considered opportune. Population Policy is now subsumed within the Poverty Reduction Strategy. At the national level an InterSectoral Technical Committee (CTI) exists and meets quarterly. It plans and revises the annual work plans, shares lessons learnt and produces IEC materials, co-ordinates activities for the upcoming quarter, ensures consensus on modifications to the Country Programme and plans and co-ordinates monitoring and evaluation activities. At the provincial level, Population Committees exist, chaired by the Vice-Governors for Social Affairs, with the Executive Directors being the Provincial Directors for the Cabinets of Planning.

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During the 2005-2008 programme period, there was no university or similar level training of national staff in population and development or in the formulation and management of population and development programmes. During the previous programme period three staff members in Huila Province had received such trainingDuring the 2001-2004 programme period a Centre for Studies and Research in Population had been created, with the major objective of providing trained staff, in these areas, and at higher levels, to the Government. This Centre, unfortunately, is no longer functional due to staff and funding shortages. At the level of the Population Planning Directorate there is one post-graduate trained official in population planning and development and two other senior technicians. However they were all trained in previous programme periods. During the 2005-8 Country Programme period, the former Director of the National Statistics Institute received short term training in Cameroon, on resource mobilization for censuses. A new Director was appointed only three months ago. One technician of INE also received short-term training in Data Processing, in Senegal. In 2006 a training workshop was conducted for national and provincial Directors, on population and gender issues, reproductive health and the importance of collecting, analyzing and using data for planning. A five-day training workshop was also carried out for sub-professional staff of Government offices on population and development issues. A number of one-day sensitization seminars have been held both at the national and provincial levels for staff of sectoral departments and ministries, as well as for cultural and religious leaders, journalists, politicians etc. There is consequently increased awareness, at all levels, of population and development issues as well as of gender issues. All training funds were exhausted in 2006. 2 – Increased Number of Male and Female Planning officials Trained in the Application of Gender-Sensitive Data and Gender Analysis No training courses were organized, for Government or other planning officials specifically on the collection and analysis of gender-sensitive data and gender analysis. However some of these officials did benefit from the workshop and the sensitization seminars that were held Staff of the Ministry of Planning, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Family and Women’s Affairs (MINFAMU), UNFPA Country Office, UNFPA project staff and other Government officials in Luanda and in the provinces of Huila and Benguela, and staff of other UN Agencies took part in the preparation of the Common Country Assessment, the preparation of the UNDAF, and the formulation of the Country Programme.

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A Gender Joint Programme was created between UNDP, UNFPA and UNIFEM which coordinates their activities with the GOA. However this joint programming has been postponed to 2009. A Multi-Sectoral Committee on Gender was created with partners such as UNIFEM and MINFAMU. The National Gender Policy is the biggest output of this committee. UNFPA also participated in the formulation of a newly designed law on Domestic Violence and Intra Familial Relations. This law was discussed at each provincial level and is currently at the Council of Ministers, from where it may go to parliament. These activities did provide some amount of on-the-job training on gender for some officials, although not in the form of formal training. 3 –Establishment of a Functional Data Base on Accurate Gender-Sensitive Information at National and Provincial Levels A database on accurate, gender-sensitive information has not yet been established. However a five-day seminar on the collection and treatment of data for DEVINFO has been held. Another seminar on the actual creation and use of a DEVINFO database is planned. This activity is planned to continue this year, but is likely to be completed during the next programme period. There is a felt need for computers if the database is to be established and functional at the country and provincial levels. In this respect, some offices report having only one working computer and these are already some years old. OUTPUT 2 – Improved Availability of Updated Socio-Demographic Data, disaggregated by Sex and Age and Reliable Socio-cultural and Gender-sensitive Information Indicators: 1 – Increased Number of Male and Female national staff trained in Population Data Collection, analysis and Utilization, including Vital Statistics and Socio-cultural Research During the programme period, no high level staff training was undertaken. Due to the perennial shortage of staff trained in population and demography, a Center for Population Studies and Research (CEIP) had been created at the University of Agostinho Neto during previous country programmes. CEIP was to integrate a Masters Degree course in Demography into the Human Science Faculty. However it experienced a high turn-over rate of personnel which resulted in a shortage of technical staff. As of now CEIP is no longer functional. No training was undertaken in the areas of vital statistics and socio-cultural research. A five-day training course was held in Luanda on Data collection, analysis and population and development issues. As regards population data collection, analysis and utilization, the planned 2007 Population and Housing Census was not carried out. No request for funding was received from the Government and no UNFPA funds had been allocated for this activity.

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The main data sources that were not part of the CPAP but are still used are the MICS Surveys (1995, and 2002). A Survey on Malaria Indicators was carried out in 2006-7 and the results are available. A Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) that was to be funded by USAID, was not carried out. Population data sources are thus extremely limited in Angola. There was thus no improvement in the availability of national socio-demographic data during the CPAP implementation period. 2 – Population and Housing Census carried out by 2007 The last population census of Angola was done in 1970. In 1983 a census took place in some of the cities. Subsequently no other population and housing census has been carried out in Angola during the past 35 years. During the past ten years or so, censuses have been planned and postponed due to the fact that the war situation did not allow the execution of a complete census. The proposed 2007 Population and Housing Census would have been the single most important source of up-to-date population and socio-economic data on the Angolan population, for planning at all levels and for the creation of a data base. The Government of Angola is very conscious of the importance of a population census and has given it priority attention. The 2007 census has been postponed to 2010. It appears that the timing of the census was not opportune. Although UNFPA had indicated informally that it was committed to the holding of the census, no funds were allocated because INE never submitted a project request to UNFPA. Indications are that INE had its own problems and the planned legislative elections in 2008 and the presidential elections in 2009 were major preoccupations for the Government. It was also felt that the country’s infrastructures were not good enough and that national reconstruction should be given priority. A population census is now planned for 2010. Although a draft project document has been prepared, and revised in 2006, the detailed budget costs have not yet been worked out and Resource mobilization has not started. There are plans to seek UNFPA technical support in the budgeting of the census costs. The cartographic work started in 1998-99 with UNFPA support in the form of equipment and training. Mapping photography was done and digitization and map up-dating is being done with World Bank financing. Given the amount of time that will be required to complete the cartography and the preparation of enumeration area maps, as well as other preparatory activities, it seems likely that this census will be postponed by another two or three years. The holding of a population and housing census is long over due and should be given highest priority in the next UNFPA country programme. However there is need for staff training at all levels and in all areas, if a census is to be realized. There is shortage of demographers, statisticians, cartographers, population census planning and execution specialists as well as population data processing and analysis specialists. There are plans to send two staff members of INE to Mozambique on a study tour of that country’s recent census.

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No other major data collection activity was planned as part of the 2005-8 CPAP. This indicator was therefore not realized. , 3 – Functional Demo-socio-economic database Available This indicator is related to the third indicator under output 1, which also deals with the” establishment of a functional database on accurate, gender-sensitive information”. Both seem to refer to the same database. In the absence of a recent population and housing census, household or economic surveys or large scale population survey, there are hardly any data sources for a demo-socio-economic database. Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) were carried out in 1995 and 2001. Filed work on a third MICS which is combined with a household budget survey has only recently started. In 2003 a Population Well-Being Survey was carried out with a focus on employment. All of these surveys generally cover 12,000 households in a country with around 16 million people. A five-day training workshop on data preparation for DEVINFO was carried out in Luanda, in 2007, with participation of provincial officials. It is planned that during this year- 2008- the UN Country Team and INE will visit provincial offices to operationalize DEVINFO. This will involve detailed training on DEVINFO, installation of the software and use of DEVINFO. A major constraint to be faced is the lack of computers.

3.1.2.2 Reproductive Health (RH) The outcomes for the 5th CP are (i) Integrated quality reproductive health services (FP, EmONC, treatment and prevention of STIs, prevention of HIV and (ii) RH information and services for men and young people in the intervention areas. The three outputs for the RH programme being evaluated for the 5th CP are: (Output 4) increased availability of high quality, integrated RH services, (Output 5) increased availability of RH information and services for youth and adolescents, and (Output 6) increased availability of information on specific RH issues such as FP, the prevention of STI/HIV/AIDS, promotion of Gender equity and equality and family life education and gender-based violence, in order to increase the demand for service. The MOH/DNSP appreciates the close working relations with UNFPA CO and indicated that UNFPA was once the biggest supporter of maternal health, but has progressively shifted financial support at a time when the needs are escalating. Also, due to the many new changes in the UN system, especially the UNCT/JP, assistance has become compartmentalized, with much duplication and agency conflicting interests, resulting in mass confusion for the government. General constraints to programme performance included: weak coordination; insufficient baseline indicators; limited human resource capacity; understaffing in the CO; RH staff overstretched; high attrition rate; delays in disbursement of funds; inequitable deployment to needed areas; difficulty mobilizing extra-budgetary resources due to donors’ resistance; and fragile relations between the GOA and the UN community.

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OUTPUT 4: Increased availability of high quality, integrated RH services Strategy 1: “increasing the capacity to plan, manage, supervise, and monitor comprehensive and integrated RH services, including health and logistics systems” Strategy 2: “increasing availability of comprehensive, client-oriented, and gendersensitive RH services at different levels in the 32 target Municipalities” Strategy 3: “improving the quality of RH services” Strategy 4: “strengthening maternal and newborn care, including emergency care and treatment of fistulas” Strategy 5: “increasing capacity to ensure sustainable RH commodities including contraceptives” Achievements on Specific Activities: National Survey on Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care: In 2007 the Ministry of Health in collaboration with UNFPA, WHO, UNICEF and UNHRO carried out a National Survey on Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care. The objectives of the survey were to generate baseline data for the implementation of the Roadmap for Accelerating Reduction of Maternal and Newborn Morbidity and Mortality in Angola; and guide policy making, planning, budgeting, and management of obstetric and newborn services in the health system. This crosssectional survey assessed infractures, human resources and service delivery at 2043 facilities managed by the government and private sectors. The survey found that 17 per cent of facilities provide delivery services, 12 per cent family planning services and 32 per cent prenatal services. Roadmap for Reduction of Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality: The World Health Organization (WHO) 54th Regional Committee of Ministers of Health of the African Region adopted the Roadmap with the objective of accelerating the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) related to maternal and newborn health. In Maputo, countries in the Region were urged to develop country specific Roadmaps. UNFPA, WHO, UNICEF and UNHRO signed a Memorandum of Understanding, pledging support to the MOH in its implementation. The programmed activities correspond with anticipated programme activities of the 6th CP. The Roadmap is developed, but awaiting formal political adoption by the Angolan Council of Ministers. The MOH/DNSP is the focal point for coordinating the adoption of the Roadmap and has promised to expedite its adoption. The CO gave technical assistance to the development of the Roadmap. Assessment on Integration of SRH, STI and HIV/AIDS: The Maputo Plan of Action approved in 2006 by African Ministers of Health encourages the integration of SRH, STI and HIV/AIDS to operationalize the continental framework for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) in Africa. After the Maputo meeting, UNFPA sponsored a workshop in Harare to provide guidance to UNFPA with the participation of country offices including Angola. Plans of Action on strengthening national health systems to deliver integrated services and

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provide coordination and collaboration for planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluation of SRH/STI/HIV/AIDS integration. Anglo’s plan of action gave rise to the conduct of an assessment on integration of SRH, STI and HIV/AIDS in 2007 with support from UNFPA and WHO. The findings showed a weakness in the coordination and collaboration and an urgent need for strengthening. Needs Assessment on Obstetric Fistula: In 2006, the UNFPA CO conducted a limited Needs Assessment on Obstetric Fistulas in 4 of Angola’s 18 provinces. Due to inadequate data availability and the massive destruction of health infractures during the war, the main objective of this assessment was to assess the needs of existing health infractures in addressing the demand for obstetric fistulas treatment services. The assessment validated a high Obstetric Fistulas prevalence in the provinces assessed, and an urgent need to address this issue. The CO had planned to conduct similar assessments in the other 14 provinces, but the plan has not yet been realized and it does not seem like this will happen before the end of the current CP. In 2007 the CO participated in a Regional Conference on Obstetric Fistulas sponsored by UNFPA held in Mauritania. Maternal Health Rapid Assessment: In 2007 the CO conducted a rapid assessment on UNFPA countrywide supported activities in Maternal Health. The major finding showed that in addition to UNFPA’s significant contribution to the implementation of training and capacity building of national RH staff, there is also a need to strengthen UNFPA-CO staff to enhance their leadership role in the area of RH. Reproductive Health Commodities Security (RHCS): Upon request from the Ministry of Health, CST/Harare in 2005 conducted a Reproductive Health Commodities Security Situation Analysis in Luanda, Huila and Benguela. The analysis led to the designing of a plan of action (POA) for (2008 – 2012). Implementation of the POA commenced in 2006. CST/Harare participated in logistics training for the MOH. Another situation analysis was conducted in 2007 which led to the drafting of a RHCS Strategic Plan. The plan led to the GOA purchasing family planning supplies for the very first time, although on a small scale. In 2008, a final draft of the plan was submitted to the DNSP for approval. In early 2008, a team comprising UNFPA-CO staff and others from the MOH and provinces attended a RHCS training in Johannesburg. The team developed a POA which included training in RHCS. Training activities have since been conducted and advocacy is in progress for a RHCS budget line to support the inclusion of contraceptives on the essential drug list (EDL) and integration of the logistic system for coordination, distribution and prevention of stock outs. The training manual for ToTs on RHCS and LMIS has been updated. Logistic training on LMIS was conducted in Luanda, Benguela and Huila. Relations with the Global Fund in pharmaceutical management for medical stores at the provincial and municipalities levels were strengthened with the objective of improving the management of RHCS. Provision of contraceptives and RH kits are included..

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Ambulances for Provincial Maternity Hospitals: The CO, in 2008, presented two ambulances to maternity hospitals in Benguela and Huila to help strength their EmONC services. These ambulances will assist the transportation of women with obstetric complications to referral hospitals. They have also enhanced UNFPA’s visibility at provincial level and are well appreciated by local officials. National Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS: The CO in collaboration with the GOA, other UN agencies and NGOs participated in the revision of the National Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS for 2008-2010. Capacity Building: Several training activities in EmONC were conducted between 2006 - 2007 to build capacity of 80 RH nurses/midwives in Benguela and Huila provinces. Determining the level of RH nurses/midwives trained was difficult. More training activities are scheduled before the end of the 5th CP. RH Quality Improvement: A pilot programme on RH quality improvement in health facilities was launched in Luanda, Benguela and Huila provinces in 2007. The committee on maternal death review is chaired by the Vice Governor in each provincial. OUTPUT 5: Increased availability of RH information and services for youth and adolescents Strategy 1: “enhancing the capacity to formulate, implement, monitor, and evaluate adolescent and youth health information services and development policies in the 32 target Municipalities” Strategy 2: “increasing availability of adolescent and youth-friendly RH information and services, including STI/HIV/AIDS prevention” Achievements on Specific Activities: Adolescent and Youth RH Programmes Technical Adviser: The CO has no Adolescent technical adviser on its team. During the early part of the 5th CP, a CTA for Adolescent Reproductive Health was hosted in the CO but departed. Since then, there has been no replacement. Programme activities for adolescents and youth are enormous and the demand is great in the current CP, yet, the recruitment of a technical adviser has not been realized. CST/Harare finalized the BCC baseline, developed a website, trained the CO on managing the website, and gave support to the MOH and other partners in BCC/IEC, thus building some capacity to implement youth activities. Adolescent Youth Friendly Services (YFS): During visits to provinces of Benguela and Huila, the evaluation team saw no youth friendly centers dedicated solely to youth activities. Young people were sporadically seen integrated in regular family planning clinics with adults. Young people need a friendly environment in which they feel comfortable enough to access reproductive health services and information. The team was informed that service providers in FP clinics had been trained in YFS. It would have benefited the team to view a sample of the training curriculum or its content. Proper centers are needed with people trained and committed to addressing ASRH issues.

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National Youth NGOs: There are two main NGOs serving as implementing partners for ASRH. These NGOs are different and have very little competition. The CO has no criteria in place for selecting implementing partners, neither are they anticipating how new partners will be identified. Involving new NGOs in the 6th CP should bring momentum and new challenges to the RH Sub-Programme. CAJ: The CO, in collaboration with other UN agencies international organizations and the Angolan Government is supporting a national youth organization, CAJ (Casa de Junventude) to provide comprehensive adolescent sexual and reproductive health youth friendly services. CAJ operates from a modern complex built by the Ministry of Youth and Sports and situated in a densely populated area in Luanda. Services funded by UNFPA extend to all of the 9 municipalities of Luanda and include family planning, ante and post natal, VCT services, a referral system between youth friendly health information centers to the main site, and mobilizing, sensitizing and creating awareness through peer educators. CAJ operates also in 3 districts in Benguela province with similar comprehensive services as those in Luanda. In Benguela, CAJ requested age specific space to conduct youth friendly services but they encountered difficulty in finding an exclusive space. Due to limited infracture, they were afforded the opportunity to use a family planning clinic two (2) afternoons per week. Space is difficult to find. Although the community seemed appreciative of their services, financial constraints caused CAJ to discontinue services in Huila province. It therefore would be advantageous to the adolescent and youth in Huila if CAJ could resume their services. Overall, CAJ seemed quite effective in the implementation of their adolescent and youth interventions. JIRO: The UNFPA-CO supports a National Youth Network called “JIRO”. JIRO operates uniquely from Luanda, conducting social mobilization and advocacy through peer support activities. Most of JIROs support comes from UNFPA. JIRO was established as a multi-sectoral initiative/group by the Ministries of Health, Social Affairs and Education to coordinate activities of the youth and conduct general advocacy through IEC/BCC. Over the years, JIRO has apparently been neglected and appears to have lost its direction. Apart from paying salaries, the government has continuously not been able to assist JIRO with funds for activities. JIRO wants to scale up to other provinces, but its original mandate was to conduct social mobilization at the community level in Luanda. UNFPA cannot continue to financially support JIRO without adequate support from the government. The CO does not have an ASRH technical staff who could dedicate quality time to work with JIRO and devise a strategic plan. JIRO urgently needs technical direction. STI/HIV/AIDS Training and Services: A training manual on ASRH with focus on STI/HIV/AIDS for use in the provinces was developed in 2006 and is currently being widely used; training of referral center staff on STI/HIV/AIDS in the provinces were also conducted between 2006 and 2007; and outreach mobile VCT services at community level are being implemented. Other Youth Interventions: The CO, through the national radio, television, and implementing partners sensitized the media and the general public on STI/HIV/AIDS issues, with emphasis on young people. TELECAJ is a youth phone-in programme where young people from various provinces call-in to other young people for pertinent ASRH information. Relevant referrals are

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made when necessary. BCC/IEC workshops for Youth NGOs and government institutions were supported by the CO.

OUTPUT 6: Increased availability of information on specific RH issues such as FP, the prevention of STI/HIV/AIDS, promotion of Gender equity and equality and family life education and gender-based violence, in order to increase the demand for service. Strategy 1: “increasing awareness on SRH, RR, and gender issues, including HTP” Strategy 2: “increasing capacity of women to articulate their health and wellbeing concerns to service providers and family members” Strategy 3: “enhancing the capacity to integrate RH and RR in development frameworks such as PRSPs, SWAps, sector reform programmes and MDGs” Achievements on Specific Activities: Interventions in this output have been the least to be accomplished within the RH SubProgramme. Although national and provincial authorities verbally articulated the need for interventions in this output, activities implemented did not reflect prioritization at central or provincial levels. Interventions on sexual and gender-based violence, gender, family planning and male involvement were lacking for this output. Gender: The CO supported capacity building for national counterparts and contributed to the Gender Joint Programme (JGP) by mainstreaming issues and advocating women’s empowerment. The Draft Domestic Violence (DV) Bill is still in its draft form for adoption by the Angola Council of Ministers. The CO played a key role in revitalizing the UN Thematic Working Group on Gender, and the development of the national strategic paper on gender. Gender Programming: The 5th CP activities were implemented on the assumption that gender would serve as a cross-cutting issue and be mainstreamed in all sub-programme activities. Unfortunately, the gender component was subsumed in many sub-programme activities. Male Involvement: Vulnerability of males to SRH problems including STIs/HIV/AIDS and their roles and responsibilities in prevention and care, including the prevention of gender-based violence, are important aspects of a gendered approach to prevention interventions. There was lack of male involvement in the RH Sub- programme, including STIs and HIV/AIDS. Family Planning: Condoms were purchased by the CO and distributed to all 18 provinces. An objective of the 5 th CP was to increase the contraceptive prevalence rate. However, no reliable data exists to assess its increase. Inadequate technical capacity in the CO during the 5th CP did not permit a vigorous implementation of family planning activities and more needs to be done in accelerating family planning especially among sexually active young people.

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3.1.2.3 Gender OUTPUT 1 - Strengthened capacity of Government and NGOs at national and provincial levels to formulate implement and manage programmes including the National Gender Strategy. Indicators: 2 - Increased number of male and female planning officials trained in the application of gender sensitive data and gender analysis. Gender mainstreaming training through workshops has been carried out for the central government including senior staff members of the Ministry of Planning to strengthen their capacity in gender mainstreaming in their sector ministries. This activity is supposed to be followed through at the provincial multi-sector level. A gender mainstreaming workshop was conducted by MINFAMU and facilitated by its senior officials. No training courses on the application of gender sensitive data and gender analysis at provincial level have been given. Discussions on gender as a theme took place during the sensitization seminars held at municipal level and at the 4 – 5 day training courses in Population and Development and Data Collection and analysis for the preparation of data for the Database DEV INFO. 3 - Establishment of a Functional Database on Accurate Gender sensitive information. The database has not yet been established but a workshop was held on data preparation for the database. Ministry of Planning senior staff has participated in gender mainstreaming training and gender disaggregated data collection. Gender training at provincial level has not yet taken place. Another impediment to the installation of a functional database is the lack of IT equipment in the provincial planning and statistics departments. In general, planning and statistics officials at both central and provincial levels have a basic understanding on gender but are not trained sufficiently enough to undertake gender sensitive data analysis. The provincial planning departments require IT systems and equipment, a major obstacle to quality data collection and management. Both technical human resource capacity and appropriate technology/material are required in order to accomplish this activity. 4 - At least 30% of Schools should teach POPFLE, Gender and Reproductive Health issues. The teaching of Population and family Life Education had been undertaken as a pilot project of the Ministry of Education and UNFPA during the Fourth Country Programme. During the Fifth Country Programme, a Joint UNDP/UNFPA project was proposed but eventually a Joint UNDP and Ministry of Education project was launched. No UNFPA resources were therefore committed to this activity. 5 - At least 20% of Parents are able to deliver 3 Messages on Safe Motherhood, Family Planning, STIs/HIV/AIDS/Reproductive Health and Gender Based Violence Safe motherhood, family planning, STIs/HIV/AIDS/Reproductive Health and Gender Based Violence messages are continuously being produced, disseminated and distributed through both the health services, radio, print media, out reach programs such as theater, counseling and campaigns on a regular basis. No data exists to determine the extent of this activity or to what

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level the sensitization and awareness raising and education campaigns have effectively educated and impacted on behavior change at community and individual levels. These methods of communication and information dissemination are also mainly concentrated in urban population as the required resources are more limited in the provinces. Without a systematic data collection, monitoring and evaluating at grassroots level, it is difficult to state with preciseness the degree to which parents, in this case are able to deliver these messages. It is assumed however by health staff that people have heard of and are aware of HIV/AIDS, family planning more broadly and would be able to deliver a message or two on this. OUTPUT 3 - Strengthen institutional and NGO capacity in the area of advocacy for population, gender and development, reproductive health, prevention of gender- based violence, and the promotion of women’s rights. Indicators: 1 – Review of legislation affecting Gender, Women’s Rights, HIV/AIDS Three key national policy documents are currently being developed and finalized awaiting the approval of the Minister’s Council. It is essential to step up advocacy within government with the support of key partners such as the UN agencies. The National Gender Policy is still in draft form and still being elaborated before it can be taken to the provinces for broad consultation and inputs. The draft document to which UNIFEM assisted in elaborating through its technical support, has been discussed by the gender focal points at ministerial level. It needs to be finalized and taken for discussion and consultation in all 18 provinces of the country. The UNFPA country program currently covers only 3 provinces, and this activity would have to be complemented by the JGP and the GOA in the remaining 15 provinces. Currently government’s priority is on the election processes and this could further delay this important process for the national gender effort. Upon approval, additional resources will have to be mobilized to disseminate the National Gender Policy at community level. Legislation for the Protection of People Living with HIV has been passed and it is law. Civil Society organization such as Muenho, AT V and LTV (Luta Para Vida) are working to disseminate this law at community level while CONESA in collaboration with the Ministry of Health is disseminating it at the public and private sector level. The draft Domestic Violence (DV) Bill has been elaborated and awaits approval by the Council of Ministers. MINFAMU is leading this process and had drawn up an action plan for its dissemination and implementation. Once approved, the penal code will be revised. These key policy legislative documents are critical to address gender concerns and promote national efforts towards gender equality. The UN partner agencies system should continue to support MINFAMU to lobby for their speedy approval and adaptation. Once adopted, monitoring and evaluation of the dissemination and application throughout the country is critical in order to measure the effectiveness of these instruments.

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2 - NGO and Government staff trained and working as advocates on population and Gender issues. MINFAMU has carried out gender mainstreaming training for gender focal points in the ministries, and for implementing NGO partners only once, with the participation of senior government officials, including the Ministry of Planning. Given the staff turn over in both government and NGO institutions, this training needs to continue and be expanded to include provincial officials and implementing partners. Gender training specifically for gender and population has been weak and needs to be repeated. The Sexual and Reproductive staff in the provinces all confirmed their desire for further training in gender and reproductive health, in order to better address gender issues with effective interventions at the grassroots level while supporting provincial government on policy and advocacy in gender. Despite the continuous education and sensitization campaigns, it is a fact that teenage pregnancies and domestic violence are far from being addressed adequately and may even be on the increase. Therefore the Sexual and Reproductive health programs at the provincial level have to be stepped up to address increased teenage pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence and women’s empowerment as a whole. ANGOBEFA, and implementing partner’s staff have not had any gender training though gender has been a topic in one training session that some staff participated in, at a strategic planning workshop. The staff is not trained to handle gender based violence victims and is limited to referring victims to INAC (Institute Nacional de Crianca – National Institute for Children). The staff needs training and capacity building by the Ministry of Health, with support from UNFPA or other partners in order to enhance their current skills. Harmful traditional practices do not seem to be prevalent among their service users and community members in the Luanda region. ANGOBEFA staff has not had refresher training and capacity building on women’s rights. 3 - National Network of Women Ministers and Parliamentarians strengthened The mandate of this network was revised. UNFPA funded the travel of some ministers and parliamentarians to a workshop/conference. 4 - Increase in Policy makers who discuss gender concerns, GBV, AHTPs, and HIV/AIDS. This indicator has not been monitored systematically nor is it reported on with accuracy therefore making it difficult to assess objectively how much of an increase has been experienced in the number of policy makers able to discuss gender concerns. Nonetheless, it is assumed generally that government officials in general are more aware of these issues due to the sensitization and training seminars that have taken place. In order to monitor progress in this area, it is important that detailed reports on the content and number of participates to gender workshops be produced by implementing partners. Secondly, trained policy makers should be monitored to see how they apply their newly acquired knowledge, understanding and skills in policy making and advocacy. A possible indicator could be advocacy activities undertaken by policy makers and politicians for the approval of the

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Gender Based Violence law. These policy makers, ministers and parliamentarians that have benefited from gender training should be mobilized and lobbied to advocate for the speedy approval of this law and the equally important National Gender Policy. MINFAMU is the natural leader in this and UNFPA should use its partnership to strengthen their capacity to mobilize support to have these two key documents approved. 5 - TV and Radio programs and print media supporting gender equality increased. No funds were allocated for developing messages for print media, payment of airtime on TV and radio, payment of presenters and journalist etc. However some journalists had been trained during the previous country programs and depending on the occasion, for example Women’s Day, some messages are aired on TV/Radio/Print media. The JGP has also trained a journalist’s association on gender issues and this too contributes to awareness building and sensitization through the media. Nonetheless gender issues are left on an adhoc basis and quite often only come to the frontline on commemoration of special events or international dates such as International Women’s day, 16 Days Without Violence and the like. Funds need to be allocated to cover the cost of media publicity and also repeated and expanded training and outreach to journalists should continue through focused gender and media training. Partnership should be sought with other media institutes both in and outside Angola such as the SADC region to develop training material that is relevant to this sector. This activity should be done in a coordinated manner with outputs reported and impact monitored to see how gender issues are covered by the media. Given the strategic role of media in publicity, awareness raising and sensitization, this partnership should not only be restricted to the journalist association based in Luanda but should also embrace provincial and community radio, local magazines and even religious radio and television stations.

OUTPUT 6 - Increased availability of information on specific Reproductive Health issues such as family planning, STIs, HIV/AIDS, promotion of gender equity and equality, FLE and gender based violence.

NGO partners such as ANGOBEFA, CAJ, ATV and LTV, in collaboration with Ministry of Health and the provincial health directorates, are engaged in producing fliers, pamphlets, posters, training and sensitization materials for awareness campaigns and campaigns targeting the general public with specific messages for women and adolescents. Such information production and publication takes place throughout the program’s implementation but with special highlights on commemorative days such as the International AIDS day, women’s day and youth days. These pamphlets are distributed during sensitizations sessions, door to door campaign, at the counseling centers and health posts. Though the partners and health centers have been enthusiastic in this activity and confirmed the relevance of the information dissemination, there are obstacles and challenges that must yet be addressed. These include the following:

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Health workers use standard health forms to record information collected at health units but this does not feed directly into social statistic systems such as that of OMA and MINFAMU. Therefore incidents of domestic violence and its victims are not captured, if the same victim doe not of her own initiative or through referral, also report this to OMA or MINFAMU. Data is registered and collected in manual form at health posts and counseling centers. These centers do not have electronic data systems, thus making it more difficult to process and analyze such information and to download it into the OMA and MINFAMU data systems. Consequently useful information such as gender disaggregated data for family planning, preventions, material use and consumption and gender based violence information collection and management is impeded by the current status of data collection methods at community and health post levels. Though most of the users of the family health services are women, gender issues such as decision making power on family planning, unwanted pregnancies and domestic/gender based violence are not specifically addressed by these health workers whose approach and actions are limited to referring the victims to the police when incidents present themselves. Two pro-gender men’s associations working against domestic violence have been formed in Luanda and Benguela. These associations, under the JGP have received some sensitization and capacity building. Support needs to be given to such associations in order to promote male involvement and responsibility and male RH services.

3.2

Programme Management and Coordination

Overall responsibility for the programme’s management rests with the Ministry of Planning and the UNFPA Country Office. There is close collaboration between these two, in implementing the 5th CP. An Inter-sectoral Technical Committee exists and meets quarterly. This committee is responsible for preparing and reviewing the annual work plans, co-coordinating activities for the up-coming quarter, ensuring consensus on modifications to the country programme and planning and cocoordinating monitoring and evaluation activities. Monitoring and evaluation activities are based on the Objectively Verifiable Indicators (OVI) with targets being related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Additional monitoring mechanisms included annual component reports, field visits and reports on field visits, as well as joint monitoring with other partners such as the Population Planning Directorate. A mid-term evaluation of the country programme was not held. Such evaluations allow for adjustments in the programme design and the implementation of outputs and activities, as well as resource allocations. However quarterly monitoring missions were undertaken by UNFPA

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Country Office staff to provincial project sites. The value of some of these missions is however questionable given the limited activities and financial, human and equipment constraints experienced in implementing activities by provincial officials especially those working in the population and development area. Since the last Country Representative was reassigned in October 2007, the RH NPO who is concurrently the Assistant Representative has also been the Acting Representative during the interim. The delay in approving and assigning a Country Representative has negatively impacted on the quality of work in the CO. The UNDP has also gone without a Resident Coordinator for most of the life of the 5th CP. There is no international staff to assist with the RH component and the only RH- NPO is over burdened with implementing so many activities. With high demand for adolescent and youth programming, there is no one currently responsible for ASRH. No one has replaced the ASRHCTA who departed Angola almost two years ago. The implementation of the CP faced many problems due to limited technical staff capacity, delayed funding disbursements and inadequate oversight from UNFPA Headquarters or technical support from the UNFPA-CST. Compounding this scenario is the existing difficult situation in Angola, and Luanda in particular. Perennial traffic congestion in the capital city results in extreme difficulties in moving from one point to another especially for meetings with stakeholders whose offices are dispersed across the city, or for other program related activities. Possibly half or more of the working hours are wasted daily due to this. Collaboration with other UN Agencies such as UNDP. UNICEF, UNIFEM and UN-AIDS took place for some activities such as gender mainstreaming.

3.3

Resources Management and Expenditure

For the programme period 2005-2008, the UNFPA Executive Board approved the amount of $8,400,000 from UNFPA regular resources and $7,100,000 from other resources, giving a total of $15,500,000. The UNFPA allocation was later increased to $9,093,783.29. Out of this $9,093,783 from UNFPA regular resources, $5,567,698.08 was allocated for Reproductive Health, $822,617.57 to strengthened capacity of Government and NGOs to formulate, implement and manage programs, including a National Gender Strategy and to National RH Strategy and $957,104.78 for Improved Socio-economic Demographic Data. Table 1 below shows the allocations and expenditures made according to output. It is noteworthy that the lowest implementation rates were for the outputs on Specific RH Issues Promotion of Gender Equity (40%), and Improved Socio-Demographic Data (55%). These implementation rates however are not a reflection of low absorptive capacity but of non-approval of some budgeted expenditures and non-implementation due to other reasons.

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Table 1: Total Allocations and Expenditures (2005 to May 2008) by Output Country Programme Outputs 1. Strengthened capacity of Government and NGOs 2. Improved SocioDemographic Data 3. Strengthened CapacityGender, RH 4. Increased Availability of RH Services, FP 5. Increased RH Information and services for Adolescents 6. Increased AvailabilitySpecific RH Issues, Promotion of Gender equity 7. AGO5A101Coordination Programme TOTAL

UNFPA Allocation (US$) 822.617,57

UNFPA Expenditures 622.690,66

Implementation Rate –Percentage 75.7

957.104,78

525.518,75

54.91

465.975,00

416.375,00

89.36

4.080.549,97

3.120.376,17

76.47

596.848,16

629.608,98

70.72

596.848,16

240.529,48

40.30

1.280.387,86

1.014.575,61

79.24

9.093.783,29

6.569.674,65

72.24

The overall implementation rate, over the 5- year programme period is about 73% (including programme coordination costs). This rate could have been higher if constraints such as limited technical capacity in the RH sector, and the effects of budget ceilings in the PDS sector were not experienced. Although the Gender/RH implementation rate appears to be the highest (89.36%), the amount disbursed is also the lowest. Table 2 below shows the Population and Development Sub-Programme implementation rate since the beginning of the current Country Programme cycle as follows:

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Table 2: Country Programme implementation rate of the Population and Development Sub-Programme (US$) as at May, 2008: Year

Budget

Expenditure

2005

432,928.17

286,462.24

66%

2006

689,181.24

670,286.84

97%

2007

368,276.94

312,272.37

85%

2008 (May)

755,311.00

295,562.96

39%

2,245,697.35

1,564,584.41

70%

Total

Imp. Rate (%)

The overall implementation rate since the beginning of the current Country Programme cycle is 70% for PDS. This reflects the regular budget only. There were problems in the disbursement of funds, partly because it took a long time to get signatures on project agreement documents, and partly because of fiscal ceiling rules. For PDS, this was the reason for the low implementation rate of 39% in 2008 when the planned acquisition of vehicles was not approved. It is apparent that PDS expenditures were very low both at the beginning and end of the programme period. Table 3 below shows the Reproductive Health Sub-Programme implementation rate since the beginning of the current Country Programme cycle as follows: Table 3: Country Programme implementation rate of the Reproductive Health SubProgramme (US$) as at May, 2008:

Year

Budget

Expenditure

Imp. Rate (%)

2005

1,102,582.87

859,371.75

78%

2006

752,524.13

719,163.16

96%

2007

1,211,942.97

533,288.60

99%

2008 (May)

2,284,500.00

533,288.60

23%

Total

5,351,549.97

3,309,162.64

62%

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The overall implementation rate since the beginning of the current Country Programme cycle is 62%. This reflects the regular budget only. Some reasons for the lower than anticipated implementation rate are: (i) late signing of the Reproductive Health programme document; (ii) delayed approval of funds for the programme and (iii) limited technical capacity. Recurrent delays in disbursement of funds have affected efficiency and effectiveness and have compromised timeliness of project implementation to a certain extent. Nevertheless, The RH Sub-programme remains the largest pillar and will continue to be an enormous challenge for the CO during the 6th CP.

CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNED 4.1

Conclusion

The 5th Country Programme inter-sectoral approach has contributed to overall success in responding to pressing needs, especially in the area of reproductive health, despite the absence of a UNFPA Country Representative for almost a year; understaffing in the UNFPA Country Office; inadequate human resources capacity; weakness in the coordination of the health system; and generalized weakness in the national data system. Without a Country Representative, and without reinforcement of staff in the Country Office, the 6 th CP may sustain gross setbacks. Although the 5th CP had some positive effects, including increased knowledge of population and development, gender and reproductive health issues, there was a continued shortage at all levels of adequately trained staff as well as other resources to manage and fully implement the programme. The gender and population and development areas have received comparatively smaller resources as compared to reproductive health and consequently implemented fewer activities. New developments in the Health Sector, such as the development of the National HIV/AIDS policy and the Global Fund initiative against HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis, may propel UNFPA to reposition its support to ensure the prevention of duplication of activities in the 6 th Country Programme. The Road Map may require more intense integration in the overall Reproductive Health Sub-programme to ensure prioritization of available resources.

4.2

Lessons Learned

4.2.1 General Baseline data is absolutely necessary for programming. The baseline data generated from the national survey on Obstetric and Newborn care spearheaded by the Ministry of Health and supported by UNFPA, WHO and UNICEF depicts the need to build on available data and adapt a cost sharing strategy among partners in support of future studies and data collection.

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Lack of gender-sensitive population data has been a constraint to the creation of a data base. A population census has not been carried out in the country in 35 years. It was an assumption that gender would be mainstreamed in all RH and PDS Subprogramme activities, but it was apparent that in most cases, the gender component was subsumed in many activities. A closer collaboration between CST/Harare and the CO for technical backstopping may have helped to minimize some of the constraints faced by not only the RH subProgramme especially in the area of Adolescent Sexual and reproductive Health, but also PDS and Gender. Building technical capacity of CO staff broadens their leadership skills, facilitates the work of UNFPA in Angola and projects a positive image of UNFPA technical capacity. It is of top priority to provide continuous opportunities to technical staff in the CO staff to strengthen their technical capacity in all areas. A major and often cited constraint has been the slowness in disbursing funds. It appears that Provincial offices have received funds for their activities at irregular and often delayed intervals. Even salaries are said to be paid with delays lasting for three months. There is general shortage of personnel, equipment and resources and this affects the morale of the few staff available as it hampers their efforts to do their work. The holding of seminars to sensitize different sections of the population on reproductive health, gender, and other development issues, seems to have suffered due to resource constraints. Undertaking a few vital programme activities at a time, and measuring impact before scaling up, promotes efficiency and sustainability. With inadequate international and national technical staff, the 5th CP was over ambitious with its programme implementation in three provinces. There were too many activities to supervise, monitor and evaluate An important constraint of the Fifth Country Programme has been its limited coverage of the country with only three out of eighteen provinces being involved in implementing the CPAP. Even at the provincial level, the coverage has been limited. The decentralization process has served as an effective tool and contributed substantially in supporting municipal administrations in provinces to strengthen their reproductive health service delivery. Involving key decision makers in provincial planning, implementing and administration of reproductive health activities is projecting a sense of ownership especially in provinces. Another constraint cited has been the slowness in acquiring resources such as equipment. Above all, the lack of transportation has been highlighted.

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Resources available for the 5th Country Programme have been limited. For a country coming out of a war situation in which much of its infrastructure was destroyed, the needs in the population and development area as well as in other areas, are vast. Absence of competition among Implementing Partners (IPs) and NGOs, especially those involved in the implementation of youth and gender programmes affects the quality of performance and services. A competitive selection process leads to the identification and selection of more qualified implementing partners and generates more vigor. There is a weakness (Huila and Benguela) in synergies between RH and PDS in the current CP and a need to strengthen synergies between RH and PDS in the 6 th CP. The CO, in partnership with other key stakeholders has effectively taken the lead in addressing RH issues. UNFPA’s comparative advantage lies in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Sexual Behavior. The CO is already capitalizing on this advantage through partnerships with stakeholders. NGO partners often have limited resources to recruit and maintain qualified human resources, capable of producing quality information and maintain regular supplies for distribution. NGOs often lack appropriate IT equipment to produce quality and relevant material on a regular basis. 4.2.2 Population and Development The definition of country priorities tended to be seen mainly through the lens of the major sectoral area and important activities in other areas received lesser attention. For example, no resources were allocated for data collection and research activities. This however is also partly a reflection of the weakness of the national data collection system. A predominant proportion of the resources available are allocated to Reproductive Health, which means that activities in other areas have extremely limited funds allocated to them. This means that only one vehicle was acquired for PDS during the duration of the entire CP. Provincial offices in the population and development area, have hardly any working computers or other office equipment. There has been a reduction in the number of government officials and technicians working in the implementation of the programme due to the departure of officials trained by the programme. Staff turnover is high because trained staff are attracted to other higher paying jobs There is a need for training of more professional and sub-professional staff both at the central and provincial levels, in the formulation of population policies and programmes, and in their implementation

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Although some process indicators (numbers of seminars, officials attending) were available for programme monitoring, it was difficult to find data for assessing impact due to their virtual non-existence Many activities planned in the CPAP, related to the population census, training in data collection, surveys, gender-sensitive data analysis, teaching of population and family life education, creation of a gender-sensitive database, could not be implemented for various reasons, especially resource constraints. Lack of transportation for population and development activities has constrained implementation of the planned activities and frustrated the efforts of the staff members. This problem exists in both the two provinces covered by the programme. In a country as large as Angola, where intra-provincial distances can be 200 kilometers or more, one cannot over-emphasize the importance of transportation. Although many of the programme indicators are relevant, some of them were not realistic, especially in a country where reliable and up-to-date data of all kinds is sorely lacking. This includes such indicators as “at least 30% of primary, secondary and medium schools teach Pop-FLE …” and “at least 20% of all parents are able to deliver 3 messages related to safe motherhood, family planning, STIs/HIV/AIDS etc.” 4.2.3 Reproductive Health With a high national youth population, it is of utmost importance that an adolescent reproductive health technical adviser is continuously available on the CO team to provide support to the planning and implementation of programmes designed for the youth. Although ASRH needs in Angola are expanding, many planned activities for the youth were not implemented and technical support to Youth NGOs were inadequate largely due to the nonexistence of an ASRH technical adviser in the CO during most of the 5th CP. There is a need to complete the obstetric fistula assessment in the remaining 14 provinces so as to compare the data already obtained and decide on appropriate programme interventions. Inadequate technical capacity in the CO during the 5th CP did not permit a vigorous implementation of family planning activities and more needs to be done in accelerating family planning especially among sexually active young people. As regards gender programming, the 5th CP activities were implemented on the assumption that gender would serve as cross-cutting and be mainstreamed in all subprogramme activities. Unfortunately, the gender component was lost in many subprogramme activities.

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Vulnerability of males to SRH problems including STIs/HIV/AIDS and their roles and responsibilities in prevention and care, including the prevention of gender based violence, are important aspects of a gendered approach to prevention interventions. There was gross lack of male involvement in the RH sub- programme, including STIs and HIV/AIDS during the 5th CP.

4.2.4

Gender

Administrative and project data collection and data management is still weak within and between relevant institutions intra-government sectors and between government and non government partner organization. This then leads to program data being dispersed and lost undermining collection of accurate data that will influence accurate decision and policy making and development. Delayed disbursement of funds to the implementing partners impedes production of the various information packages for campaigns, thus limiting the outreach and impact to a smaller audience. Despite the continued publicity campaigns, the number of teenage pregnancies continues to be a concern confirming that the youth continue to constitute a vulnerable group at high risk, not only of STIs and unwanted pregnancies but also HIV/ AIDS. Information must be updated to suit this particular group with specific activities targeting young girls. Young girls need to be empowered and encouraged to participate in HIV/AIDS prevention activities and be involved in outreach programs for other girls. They need to have space created for them to discuss their points of view on sexual and reproductive health, STIs and HIV/AIDS. 5.0

RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1

General Baseline indicators should be established and used as a tool for promoting effective and sustained programme monitoring and evaluation. The lack of quality and up-to-date data, in all sectors, impedes monitoring and evaluation activities. The team recommends that special attention be given to this, in the next programme cycle. Increase the use of the baseline data generated from the national survey on Obstetric and Newborn care spearheaded by the Ministry of Health and supported by UNFPA, WHO and UNICEF as motivating factors and building blocks for subsequent studies through cost-sharing approaches.

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There is a need to conduct more research and surveys to permit the generation of data that will be used for programme planning and implementation, as well as monitoring and evaluation. This can however only be achieved, with a fully functioning INE, generating its own statistics regularly and co-coordinating the activities of other offices and agencies that produce data or conduct surveys, in order to ensure the availability of high quality data. Elevate Gender to a substantive Sub-Programme in the UNFPA 6th Country Programme. Strengthen financial management and disbursement systems to avoid delays and irregularities in the transferring of resources to the Provinces. Undertake a manageable number of programme activities at a time, and measuring impact so as to promote efficiency and sustainability. With inadequate international and national technical staff in the CO, the 5th CP was over ambitious with its programme, especially RH implementation in three provinces. There were too many activities for the meager staff to supervise, monitor and evaluate. Provide continuous training opportunities to technical staff in the UNFPA-CO to strengthen their technical capacity and broaden their leadership skills. Strong technical capacity facilitates the work of UNFPA in Angola and projects a positive image of UNFPA. Strengthen capacity of Provincial Technical Advisers, Project Directors, and Managers to facilitate their supervision, monitoring and evaluation of projects. Involve national institutions of higher learning where necessary. The CO should consider expanding the pool of potential implementing partners (IPs) including national Youth NGOs in the 6th CP. Both old and new NGOs should have their implementation capacities evaluated and go through a competitive selection process for recruitment of the very best IPs. UNFPA should equally encourage and support networking among selected NGOs. Strengthen and integrate horizontal linkages between the RH and PDS programmes at all levels especially at provincial. Start with identifying common linkages in each programme component area and facilitating integration where necessary. Advantages of integrating RH and PDS components into one comprehensive programme at implementation level so as to prevent the duplication of activities and working in isolation, promote better use of scarcely available resources; and improved team work. The 6th CP should extend its programmes beyond the current three Provinces covered to at least double its current coverage, and allocate adequate resources to sustain interventions. The limited coverage of the country programme both as regards the number of provinces in the country and the number of municipals covered at the provincial level has been repeatedly cited by officials as inadequate. In Huila Province

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for instance it has been requested that the number of municipals covered should be increased from four to fourteen. Adopt a programme approach in the 6th CP. Progressively replace the project approach that has a narrow focus, with a programme approach that has a broader focus and which addresses Sub-Programme issues in a more holistic manner. The CO should continue to strengthen its partnerships with other UN agencies and relevant stakeholders to facilitate the implementation of programme activities and achievement of quality results. Closer collaboration with the UNFPA-CSTs as regards technical backstopping is required in all the sub-programmes. Allocate and make available more resources to Angola to assist its under-served populations, especially those in remote areas, overcome difficulties associated with the impact of the long conflict and destruction on the quality of life of its people. 5.2

Population and Development Given the paucity of staff trained in the population area, there is a pressing need to reopen the Centre for Studies and Research in Population (CEIP) at the University of Agostinho Neto. The staff requirements for the planned population census and for population programmes in general, cannot be met without the operation of this Centre. Training activities thus need to be prioritized in the next UNFPA Country Programme, with funding of at least one teaching post at CEIP. Although the resources of UNFPA are limited, and its major focus is reproductive health, its role as the lead agency in the population and development area, means that more attention needs to be given to the balancing of its support to all sectors of the population area. Special attention needs to be paid to the provision of transportation for the implementation of population and development activities, as well as gender and advocacy interventions in the provinces. These activities are important if progress is to be made in addressing issues such as gender-based violence, harmful traditional practices and male involvement. Given the fact that there are about 200 or more ethnic groups in Angola, with differing cultural practices, there is a need for studies and research geared towards identifying harmful traditional practices and ways of addressing them. As much of the population does not have access to modern communication and media facilities, the training of community based communicators is recommended. Such communicators will be charged with reinforcing the messages on reproductive health, 29

family planning, population and development, gender based violence, women’s empowerment, male involvement, and harmful traditional practices, which are delivered at the one-day sensitization seminars Priority allocation of resources should be given to the training of high level population specialists. There is only one demographer at the National Population Directorate, none at the National Statistical Office and only one medical doctor cum population specialist at the University of Agostinho Neto. The need to prioritize such training is a sine qua non, if the country is to dispose of up-to-date and reliable and gender-sensitive socio-economic data. Priority support needs to be given to INE, for the training of population specialists to conduct the planned population and housing census and to analyze its data. Assistance should also be given to preparing a detailed census budget and to mobilizing the required resources. 5.3

Reproductive Health The CO may wish to use the UNFPA mobilization strategy to mobilize funds for recruitment of a Reproductive Health Technical Adviser with strong Monitoring and Evaluation skills to compliment the work of the RH NPO. An Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health NPO should be recruited to join the CO so as to strengthen the ASRH aspect of the RH Sub-Programme and enable a more efficient implementation of the 6th CP programme activities. With a large national youth population, it is of utmost importance that a technical adviser is identified and recruited in the CO to provide support to the planning and implementation of programmes designed for the youth. Although ASRH needs in Angola are expanding, many youth activities under Outputs 5 and 6 were not implemented and technical support to Youth NGOs were inadequate largely because there were no youth technical adviser in the CO for most of the duration of the 5 th CP. The survey on obstetric fistulas should be carried out in the remaining 14 provinces and activities to address this problem included in the 6th CP. Family Planning Support should be intensified especially among sexually actively youth. Dual protection in condom use should be promoted and support increased to CBDs in provinces. With a Angola’s low contraceptive prevalence rate, half of the national population under 24years, teen pregnancy a major concern, abortions contributing significantly to maternal deaths, and almost half of young people sexually active, integrated family planning services should be intensified in the 6 th CP and more FP providers trained.

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A focus on youth perspectives in programming should be reflected in the 6 th CP, and their participation in the development of the 6th CPAP should be enabled. Male involvement in SRH and GBV/STIs/HIV in the support of women’s reproductive rights decisions should become a top priority issue in the 6 th CP. There was gross lack of male involvement especially as beneficiaries in the RH sub- programme, including GBV/STIs/HIV during the 5th CP. Wherever absent, integrate or include men in gender groups in communities. Strengthen information sharing of RH experiences within provincial levels, between provincial levels and between national and provincial levels contributes to quality services. Strengthen institutional capacity of implementing partners in SRH/EmONC and ensure that SRH/MMR remains a top priority for the Ministry of Health. The CO should continue to support CAJ´s activities in Luanda and Benguela province, strengthen their capacity to resume operations in Huila province and scale up activities to other needed areas. They should be encouraged to put a stronger focus on out-of-school adolescents and youth in the 6th CP through Youth Friendly Services outreach. The CO should conduct an evaluation of JIRO´s capacity, efficiency, relevance and impact to determine their potential for continued UNFPA support in the 6 th CP. Similarly, other existing and potentially new implementing partners should also be evaluated.

5.4

Gender The CP budget allocations should be reviewed to ensure that specific women and particularly, young women’s empowerment activities are allocated funds, in order to ensure that gender activities are not lost sight of especially at community levels. Consideration should be given to the creation of separate budget allocations for gender activities, in the 6th CP. Opportunities should be created for women and also adolescent girls to address HIV/AIDS and gender based violence issues. As women and adolescent girls in particular might be more reticent to engaging in these “sensitive” issues. As such targeted outreach is required to engage them as key players in fighting HIV/AIDS, unwanted pregnancies and domestic violence. Sensitization messages should be developed in this regard. UNFPA’s partners, both government and non- government are interested in expanding this program to cover the entire country, especially in the fight against the spread of HIV/ AIDS.

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Gender issues must be build in and strengthened into the Reproductive Health Program through actions such as: 1. Gender training for health providers and NGO community workers to handle victims of gender based violence and strengthen their collaboration with the police and judicial system. 2. Reinforcing gender concerns into the content of the training of service providers at health post and health center levels. 3. Sex disaggregated data at family planning centers should be collected and analyzed in order to compare frequency and access of men and women to these facilities. This will promote the development of strategies to target population groups with lower frequency/access to family planning services. 4. A country wide study should be undertaken on the nature and scope of harmful traditional practices in Angola, and strategies identified to address them. 5. Strengthen the capacity of NGO partners such as CAJ, ANGOBEFA, MUENHO, ATV and LTV on their technical know how, and on gender concerns and how they can be mainstreamed in their programs. 6. Given the high staff turn over in institutions, regular refresher courses and training should be carried out for officials of both the government and NGO implementing partners in order to ensure that gender issues are given prominence and in order to improve on the quality of project implementation, monitoring, and advocacy from a gender perspective. 7. The capacities of implementing partners needs to be improved in the areas of collecting and analyzing sex disaggregated data and statistics, collected in the course of the implementation of their activities. This will provide reliable evidence of progress being made, as well as the impact attained and thus feed into future program development. 8. Baseline studies and surveys should be commissioned on gender aspects such as poverty, harmful traditional practices, gender based violence and HIV prevalence to assist in measuring the impact of programs aimed at addressing these social challenges. 9. Support and encouragement should be given to men’s “pro-gender” associations as this will foster greater sensitization of men on GBV, family planning and social responsibility and compliment and reinforce other gender activities.

General Recommendations for the next UNFPA-CP

Care should be taken in fielding missions to countries such as Angola, where working conditions are difficult. Even normally simple tasks can become major preoccupations in such environments and even impediments to a successful mission.

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Future evaluations of country programmes should be undertaken with a minimum or five weeks at the disposal of the evaluators. The time for the evaluation was very short, being only three weeks, out of which nearly one week was taken up by project site visits in the Provinces. The Country programme covered a number of activities which were either not implemented or were not adequately implemented. There is a need to focus resources on fewer implementable activities where the attainment of significant impact is possible. The allocation of minute amounts of funds for country activities can lead to Governments paying little attention to such activities. Care should be taken in the selection of indicators which are monitorable. In a country where reliable data is sorely lacking, there is an even stronger need for this. The conflicting interests of UN agencies, with so many of them working in such similar areas as gender, HIV/AIDS, poverty reduction, children, youth, and health issues; often leads to confusion for governments and national officials. UN agencies each need to concentrate on fewer areas where they have a comparative advantage More attention should be given to decentralizing programme activities such as disbursement of funds for provincial level activities. This will alleviate frustrations resulting from irregular payments of entitlements.

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ANNEX - I

FIFTH COUNTRY PROGRAMME FINAL EVALUATION EXERCISE TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EXTERNAL CONSULTANCY MISSION

Background The UNFPA’s assistance to Angola has changed with the needs of the country and with the evolution of UNFPA as an agency. Since its inception, UNFPA had altered its focus from demographic targets to the enhancement of the quality of individual lives and has broadened its program areas to incorporate reproductive health, including family planning and sexual health, and advocacy into its population and development activities. After the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo in 1994, UNFPA has also became active in focusing international attention on emergency reproductive health and the rights of refugees and displaced people and providing appropriate services. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) began operations in Angola in 1978, three years after Angola achieved independence from Portugal. Since 1978, UNFPA has steadily increased its technical and financial support to the country. However, it is not easy to measure the impact of UNFPA’s programmes in the country because of some factors among them the lack a data base and reliable indicators in the country. The last population census was conducted before the independence of the country in 1970. The situation in Angola has changed deeply since the signature of the Luena Memorandum of Understanding between the Government and UNITA signed on 4 April 2002 to put the end more than two decades of civil war. The Government announced the intention to prepare and conduct a population and housing census during the 2010 Census round. In Angola, UNFPA is currently implementing its fifth country program (CP) (2005-2008) whose goal is to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the people of Angola through improvement in reproductive health, prevention of HIV, increased gender equality and favorable interactions between population dynamics and development. The program components include Reproductive Health and Population and Development Strategies. HIV prevention, Gender is cross-cutting issues. Each component has outcomes aimed at contributing to the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) and Millennium Development goals as outlined in the Angola United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF). In order

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to achieve these goals, UNFPA is working closely with the Government of Angola, nongovernmental organizations and other UN Agencies. The Final Evaluation Exercise will review progress made in meeting the main outcomes and outputs of the Fifth Country Programme. This evaluation exercise will analyze the performance and achievements in those areas, assess needs, define priorities and make suggestions and recommendations on the objectives and main strategies for the next Country Programme (20092013). An international consultant in population policy will lead the Final Evaluation exercise in collaboration with government counterparts and the UNFPA Field Office. He/she will serve as team leader for the entire team comprised of other 2 international and 2 consultants experts in Reproductive Health and Gender areas, and work with the UNFPA FO staff who will be involved in the exercise. If required the evaluation team should also be integrated by some key national project staff, individually or collectively to conduct the defined site visits to the implementing partners at central and provincial levels. The team leader will guide the preparation of a single final evaluation report based on an evaluation of the Annual Progress Reports, other survey data available, field monitoring visits documents and its recommendations, and of site visits to implementing partners at the central and provincial levels, review of other relevant documents, and prepare a set of specific suggestions and recommendations reflecting on the priorities, objectives and strategies for the future Country Programme. Description of Duties Under supervision of the Country Director and the Assistant Representative and wit support of the Field Office team, the external consultancy team will carry out the following main tasks: 2. In the areas of Reproductive Health, Gender and Population & Development including training in demography and socio-demographic statistics, as well as preparation for a future population census, the international consultancy team, jointly with national consultants, will: a. Analyze and evaluate the extent (in terms of adequacy, quality and sustainability) to which the Fifth Country Programme has achieved its outcomes, outputs and maintained relevant strategies in terms of Reproductive Health, Population and Development, and Gender. The analysis of the performance and achievements in the areas of intervention will lead to concrete recommendations for the preparation and implementation of the new country programme action plan: results produced at central level and in Huila and Benguela Provinces in these efforts to institutionalize results in the areas of data collection, capacity building IEC, and advocacy, b. Provide inputs into the Angola UN Common Country Common Assessment (CCA) and United Nations Development Framework (2009-2013) documents, that will be used as a basis to prepare the new Angola Country Programme document,

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c. Assist in the development of indicators for each substantive area and the development of a monitoring system for the next Country Programme,

3. To conduct Field visits of some selected Implementing Partners both at central and Provincial levels in Benguela and Huila should be undertaken as a priority; 4. Prepare the conclusions and the recommendations for inclusion in the final evaluation report and serve as inputs to elaboration of the Sixth Country Programme & Action Plan (20092013) documents.

Qualifications required For the team leader, a post graduate degree in population and development, preferably at doctoral level is recommended. Candidates with post graduate degree in political science, demography, economics, social sciences, and law with international experience in the area of development planning and population policy formulation will be considered.

Languages Fluency in Portuguese and good reading and writing knowledge of English.

Reference Material The consultant will be provided with relevant documents such as the Country Programme and Country Programme Action Plan Documents, Annual Standard Progress Reports.

Duration Two weeks (From 24 March to 12 April 2008)

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ANNEX - ll Persons Interviewed and Sites Visited

1

NAMES Dr. Adelaide de Carvalho

2

Dr. Pedro Kiala

3

Dr. Joao Evangelista Basilio

4

Dr. Fernando Pontes Pereira

5

Dr. Bernalie Lemes

6

Dr. Gisele Guimarare

7

Dr. Marie Jose Costa

8 9 10

Dr. Guy Claryser Dr. Antonio Bento Dr. Isabel Massocolo

TITLES Director of Public Health and Reproductive Health Population and Development Coordinator Vice-Governor, Social Affairs Director, Cabinet of Study, Planning, Statistic-GEPE-in Provincial Gvt Chief, Provincial Dept. of Public Health and Technical Director, Reproductive Health Technical Adviser, Maternal Health Technical Adviser, Child and Adolescent Health Technical Adviser, Health Provincial Health Director Executive Director

11

Dr. Maria Fereira

Director

12

Dr. Domingos Constantinho

13

Dr. Josefa Carvalho

Head of Planning and International Co-operation Director

14

Dr. Antonio Vitorino

15

Dr. Maria da Conceicao Pedrp Cango

16

Maria de Fatima Barres

17

Sra Bernada Paulo

Director, Cabinet of Study, Panning and Statistics UNFPA RH Technical Adviser Family Planning and Adolescent Health CAJ Provincial Coordinator

ORGANIZATIONS DNSP-Ministry of Health Ministry of Planning Benguela Province Huila Province

Huila Province

WHO/Angola WHO/Angola UNICEF/Angola Benguela Province CAJ-National Youth NGO National Statistics Institute (INE), Luanda National Statistics Institute (INE), Luanda JIRO-Youth Association Network Benguela Province Provincial Health Direction-DPS, Benguela Province Lubango, Huila Province CAJ, Benguela Province 37

18

Sra Rita Bealriz

CAJ Provincial Health Programme Coordinator Head of Public Health Department and Executive Director National Director for Public Health Coordinator

19

Dr. Valentino Aurelho Kalienge

20

Dr. Ines Leopordo

21

Margarida Ulizavo

22

Dr. Gilberto Diniz

23

Dr. Custodio Chamba

24

Dr. Samuel Agostinho

25 26 27

Eulalia Silva Antonio Cardoso Dr. Ana Feijo

28

Dr. Daniel Carls

Population and Development National Technical Advisor on RH Population and Development President of the Assembly Acting Executive Director Director General for Maternity Director

29

Dr. Henrique Antonio Calenge

+3 Former Director of Cabinet of Planning

CAJ, Benguela Province Reproductive Health Department, Benguela Maternal Health Department MINFAMU Joint Gender Program Benguela Huila Huila ANGOBEFA ANGOBEFA Lubango, Huila Maternity Clinic, Lubango, Huila Benguela

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ANNEX - lll List of Documents Reviewed

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

Title/Name of Document Remarks 5TH COUNTRY PROGRAMME CPAP WORK PLANS (2005-2008) COUNTRY OFFICE ANNUAL REPORTS (COARs) FIELD VISITS TO Implementing Partners (IPs) NPOs QUATERLY /ANNUAL REPORTS IPs PROGRAMME MEETING REPORTS ANALYSE SITUATIONNELLE DU SYSTEME LOGISTIQUE DES PRODUITS DE SANTE DE LA REPRODUCTION 4TH PROGRAMME FINAL REPORT UNDAF FINAL REPORT OBSTETRIC FISTULAS EVALUATION “DOC. NORMAS DE SAÚDE REPRODUTIVA” Lu, te acabo de escribir un mensaje y se me borr'o. STRATEGIC PLAN HIV/AIDS 2007 – 2010 PLANO ESTRATÉGICO GARANTIA DE SR 2009 – 2013 RELATÓRIO ULTIMO ENCONTRO DR. MAYOUYA C/ MINISTRO DA SAÚDE PROJECTO DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PLANO DE ACÇÃO DE MAPUTO TRIP REPORT DR. ALFEDO FORT TRAVEL REPORT SUMMARY IEC/BCC THECICAL MR. MAX ASSIST. 2005 TELLO REPORTS WOKSHOP ON PROGRAMME PLANING & GABRIELA MANAGEMENT FOR NEW NPO IN CO SIMAS WORKSHOP ON SRH, STI, HIV&AIDS INTEGRATION GISELE GUIMARÃES Regional Conference on Obstetric Fistulas REPORT OF PROGRAMME ANNUAL REVISION COMP. PDS 2006 Maputo Plan of Action Rapid Survey on UNFPA Supported Maternal Health programmes

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26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31 32 33 34 35 36

Ministry of Health Project document on “Implementation of SRH, STIs and HIV/AIDS Integration”. Executive Summary on Angola Fourth Country Programme Evaluation. MOU between UNFPA, UNICEF, WHO, and UNHRO on the development of Angola’s Road Map. National Survey on Obstetric and Newborn Care – 2007 RH Progress Report – Huila and Benguela Provinces CAJ – Activities Briefing Information Joint Gender Program Document 2005-2008 Joint Gender Program Annual Report 2005-2006 Joint Gender Program Annual Report 2006-2007 OMA Annual Report 2006-2007 Huila Department of Planning – Annual Report 2006-2007

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