Pierce College Putman/NUTR& 101

Unit 01 Practice Exam 1. Any health problem caused by deficiencies or excesses in certain nutrients is considered to be malnutrition. a. True b. False 2. Which would be an example of malnutrition? a. A morbidly obese individual b. A child with low muscle mass, brittle bones and nearly no body fat c. A senior citizen who is not getting sufficient calcium in her diet d. All the above! 3. Which is the number one cause of death in the U.S.? a. Chronic lung disease b. Heart disease c. Cancer d. Strokes 4. Which is the second cause of death in the U.S.? a. Cancers b. Strokes c. Diabetes d. Alzheimer’s disease 5. Which is the third cause of death in the U.S.? a. Chronic lung disease b. Heart disease c. Cancers d. Strokes 6. Which is the fourth cause of death in the U.S.? a. Chronic lung disease b. Diabetes c. Car accidents d. Heart disease 7. Which of the following causes of death in the U.S. is directly related to alcohol consumption? a. Strokes b. Chronic lung disease c. Car accidents d. Pneumonia and influenza Putman/Pierce College NUTR& 101 01px/20111023/Page 1

8. Which of the following causes of death in the U.S. is directly related to smoking tobacco? a. Car accidents b. Diabetes c. Pneumonia and influenza d. Chronic lung disease 9. Which of the following is the top contributing factor to death in the U.S.? a. Tobacco use b. Alcohol abuse c. Smoking marijuana d. Improper diet 10. Which of the following is not in the top eight contributing factors to death in the U.S.? a. Smoking marijuana b. Improper diet c. Lack of sleep d. Stress 11. Which is the major contributing factor to death in the U.S.? a. Car accidents b. HIV-AIDS c. Being murdered d. Life style choices 12. Energy, water, carbohydrates, fats, _____ , vitamins and minerals are the seven things food must provide to keep you healthy. a. Proteins b. Elements c. Vegetables d. Grains 13. Energy, _____, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals are the seven things food must provide to keep you healthy. a. Fruits b. Water c. Vegetables d. Grains 14. You eat broccoli because it’s good for you. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Advertising b. Availability c. Emotional comfort d. Nutritional value

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15. You’re at a party. Your friends are having a contest to see who can eat the most deep-fried cheese sticks, deep-fried Buffalo wings and deep-fried zucchini. They challenge you to join them, and you do! Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Nutritional value b. Personal preference and genetic inheritance c. Social pressure d. Values or beliefs 16. You’re down South in Louisiana. A friend invites you to share in a plate full of boiled “crawdads,” small lobster-like crustaceans. You want to join in, but the thought of eating these insect-like creatures nauseates you and you decline. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Advertising b. Emotional comfort c. Personal preference and genetic inheritance d. Nutritional value 17. You’re down South in Louisiana. A friend invites you to share in a plate full of boiled “crawdads,” small lobster-like crustaceans. You want to join in, but the thought of eating these insect-like creatures nauseates you. Still, you go ahead and try this new food! Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Emotional comfort b. Personal preference and genetic inheritance c. Positive or negative associations d. Social pressure 18. You grew up in coastal Virginia where you ate shooters, raw oysters. All of your friends think it’s nasty to eat raw oysters, but you think they’re delicious, and you continue to eat raw oysters! Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Habit b. Advertising c. Availability d. Social pressure 19. It’s Friday night and you and a friend are at a local restaurant that specializes in steaks. You offer to pay, and suggest to your friend that she gets the 8-oz sirloin. She thanks you and says although she likes steak, she can’t eat meat on Friday; she orders the halibut instead. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your friend’s decision? a. Habit b. Values or beliefs c. Personal preference and genetic inheritance d. Social pressure

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20. You’re watching TV. You notice your favorite actor, musician, sports star, politician, opera singer (whomever you admire), eating an ostrich burger…and seeming to have fun doing it! Wow! You want an ostrich burger! Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your desire to have an ostrich burger? a. Availability b. Personal preference and genetic inheritance c. Positive or negative associations d. Nutritional value 21. It’s getting near payday and you don’t have much money for food. You have enough money to buy beans, brown rice and some fresh vegetables or a case of Ramen noodles; you buy the Ramen noodles. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Economy b. Availability c. Social pressure d. Nutritional value 22. It’s getting near payday and you don’t have much money for food. You have enough money to buy beans, brown rice and some fresh vegetables or a case of Ramen noodles; you buy the beans, brown rice and vegetables. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Economy b. Availability c. Social pressure d. Nutritional value 23. You’re at your favorite fast-food restaurant with your friends. You’ve put on a couple of pounds during the holidays that you want to lose. Your friends all get double burgers (with cheese), supersized fries and jumbo shakes. You order a salad and small coke. One of your friends offers to buy you a burger, but you thank her and decline. Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Economy b. Emotional comfort c. Weight d. Nutritional value 24. You just broke up with your boyfriend or girlfriend. You just flunked an exam. You feel stressed out. You don’t have enough money. You can’t go on vacation because you have to work. You feel stressed out! So, you go to your favorite inexpensive restaurant and eat a supersized portion of your favorite, high-fat, high-carbohydrate foods! And it makes you feel better, until you begin to think of all of the calories, fat, carbs, etc. you just ate…and you get even more stressed out! Which factor that drives food choice is most likely responsible for your decision? a. Advertising b. Habit Putman/Pierce College NUTR& 101 01px/20111023/Page 4

c. Personal preference and genetic inheritance d. Emotional comfort 25. You eat a diet containing all of the nutrients you need, lots of different types of fruits, vegetables from all four vegetable groups, lean proteins, whole grains, fat-free dairy products, all in good, balanced proportions. Yet, you are gaining weight! Which of the five characteristics of a nutritious diet are you most likely not following? a. Adequacy b. Balance c. Calorie control d. Moderation e. Variety 26. You eat a diet containing all of the nutrients you need, lots of different types of fruits, vegetables from all four vegetable groups, lean proteins, whole grains and fat-free dairy products, including oatmeal every single day for breakfast. Your weight is stable. Which of the five characteristics of a nutritious diet are you most likely not following? a. Adequacy b. Balance c. Calorie control d. Moderation e. Variety 27. You eat a diet containing all of the nutrients you need, lots of different types of fruits, vegetables from all four vegetable groups, lean proteins, whole grains and fat-free dairy products. You do, however, really like chocolate ice cream and have two scoops of it every day at lunch time for dessert. Your weight is stable. Which of the five characteristics of a nutritious diet are you most likely not following? a. Adequacy b. Balance c. Calorie control d. Moderation e. Variety 28. You eat a diet containing lots of different types of fruits, vegetables from all four vegetable groups, lean proteins, whole grains and fat-free dairy products. You really don’t like beans and other legumes, though, so you simply don’t eat them. Your weight is stable. Which of the five characteristics of a nutritious diet are you most likely not following? a. Adequacy b. Balance c. Calorie control d. Moderation e. Variety 29. Regarding excuses for not eating well, which would cause the greatest inconvenience in your busy life? Putman/Pierce College NUTR& 101 01px/20111023/Page 5

a. Grabbing a salad from a market or fast-food restaurant b. Making healthy snacks and lunches for you grab on the go c. Ending up in a hospital because of poor diet choices 30. Which is not okay within the context of an otherwise nutritious diet? a. Occasional fast food b. Occasional high-fat, sweet desserts c. Once in awhile eating huge portions d. Taking vitamins instead of eating foods from a certain food group 31. Which is okay within the context of an otherwise nutritious diet? a. Eating fast food daily b. Having high-fat, sweet desserts daily c. Once in awhile eating huge portions d. Taking vitamins instead of eating foods that you just don’t like 32. Which is okay within the context of an otherwise nutritious diet? a. Eating fast food once in awhile b. Having high-fat, sweet desserts every day c. Eating huge portions every day d. Taking vitamins instead of eating foods that you just don’t like 33. Can fast foods ever be part of a nutritious diet? a. Yes b. No 34. Not having enough time to prepare nutritious foods is a good excuse for not eating a nutritious diet. a. Yes b. No 35. Craving fast foods is a good reason for eating fast foods every day because your body always craves the foods your body truly needs! a. True b. False 36. Having not enough money is a good reason for eating chips and coke for lunch rather a nutritious meal. a. True b. False 37. Because you like to eat large portions is a good reason to eat large portions every day. a. True b. False

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38. Taking vitamins and supplements can effectively replace all of the nutrients you otherwise miss by not eating a nutritious diet. a. True b. False 39. It takes just as much time to prepare a nutritious meal as to prepare a meal that is not as nutritious—it just may take a little more thought and education about nutrition! a. True b. False 40. After nutritional scientists write up the results of their experiments, they submit their findings to a. The news media b. Teams of scientists that try to prove their results correct c. Review boards of scientific journals d. The National Enquirer 41. Why do misunderstandings about nutrition occur when reporters write about unpublished scientific data? a. Reporters may not fully understand what they’re writing about b. The findings of a single study may or may not be verified by other studies c. Sometimes reporters use sensational but inaccurate titles to sell their articles d. All the above! 42. Which would be the most reliable source of nutritional information? a. A scientific paper published in a respected scientific journal. b. A professionally-trained nutritionist who has read and evaluated all of the scientific papers on a particular topic. c. An article found in the science section of a respected newspaper. d. A popular book on nutrition that promises to cure your illnesses through diet. 43. A study published in a well respected scientific journal found that rats fed a diet rich in blueberries maintained the ability to solve problems better into old age than rats not fed a diet rich in blueberries. The popular press splashed the headlines, “Blueberries: Superfood for the Brain!” What should be your response to this paper? a. Include blueberries are part of a balanced diet. b. Eat lots more blueberries so you can think better! c. Don’t eat blueberries until human studies have confirmed the rat studies. d. Ignore the study; what do rats have to do with humans? 44. Once scientific findings are confirmed by other scientific research, they are considered as absolute scientific fact. a. True b. False

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45. If the results of scientific research support the hypothesis of the research, then scientists consider the hypothesis proven. a. True b. False 46. Can scientists ever disprove hypothesis? a. Yes b. No 47. Does the philosophy of science ever allow scientists to ever absolutely prove hypotheses? a. Yes b. No 48. Why are we fairly certain that vitamin A is needed for vision? a. In case studies, people who were blind reported that they ate a diet that did not include vitamin A. b. Populations of people that ate diets that did not include vitamin A had very high rates of blindness. c. People with poor vision and diets lacking vitamin A had increased vision when given vitamin A. d. All the above and hundreds of other studies too! 49. Why do reporters usually write about sensationalized findings of nutrition news that have not been fully tested? a. To get you to read and understand nutritional findings that will improve your health. b. To confuse the reader. c. To sell their article! d. To improve public health. 50. How can you tell that a study you are reading about in newspaper, magazine or on-line article is probably not a valid scientific study? a. Study is published in a peer-reviewed, scientific journal. b. Research methods of the study are given. c. Study clearly states that rats were used as experimental animals in the study. d. Previous research related to the study is not described. 51. How can you tell that a study you are reading about in a newspaper, magazine or on-line article about a particular supplement is probably not based on a valid scientific study? a. The study is not published in a peer-reviewed, scientific journal. b. The data are testimonials by people who swear the supplement cured their disease. c. The article offers to sell you the supplement for half-price. d. All the above! 52. You’re reading an article in a magazine about the nutritional benefits of a particular food. The article is mainly about a recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, but also compares the results of this study with papers published in the Journal of Putman/Pierce College NUTR& 101 01px/20111023/Page 8

the American Medical Association and the Journal of Nutrition. The article writes about both animal and human studies, and discusses positive and negative aspects of the studies. It suggests that the food in question is nutritious and is associated with decreased risks of a certain common disease. What should you do? a. Wait for more human studies. b. Include the food as part of a balanced, nutritious diet. c. Begin to focus on eating more of this food, a little at first, but more later. d. Ignore the report because it’s probably not valid. 53. Why does valid, scientific research produce the most reliable nutritional information? a. Scientists test nutritional claims (hypotheses) using unbiased experiments that can be replicated until the claims are verified or falsified. b. Scientists generally use the results of animal studies to suggest humans should eat a certain food or supplement. c. Scientists consider the testimonials of people who claim to be helped by a particular food or supplement as solid evidence. d. Scientists sometimes leak their preliminary findings to reporters so that people can be helped immediately without waiting for other scientists to prove their claims. 54. Testimonials of people who claimed they were helped by a certain food or supplement are valid sources of sound nutritional information. a. True b. False 55. You should suspect nutritional quackery when a. The spokesman warns that you should not trust the medical establishment, professional nutritionists, or our food supply. b. The spokesman cites unpublished studies to prove his claims. c. The spokesman claims that the medical establishment is trying to silence information about his product. d. All the above. 56. An advert reads, “A scientific breakthrough! Feel stronger, lose weight, improve your memory all with the help of Vite-O-Mite! Oh sure, you may have heard that Vite-O-Mite is not all that we say it is. But that’s what the FDA wants you to think! Our doctors and scientists say it’s the ultimate vitamin supplement. Say no! to the weakened vitamins in today’s foods. Vite-O-Mite includes potent secret ingredients that you cannot get with any other product! Order it right now and we’ll send you another for free!” As a student of nutrition, what should be your response to this advert? a. Buy the product; after all, it’s supported by science and you can get two for one! b. Buy the product and try it. If it doesn’t work, send it back. c. Don’t buy the product; it’s nutritional quackery! d. Don’t buy the product; you can probably get it cheaper at Walmart. 57. Which might not be the best source for unbiased nutritional information? a. www.cdc.gov (Centers for Disease Control) Putman/Pierce College NUTR& 101 01px/20111023/Page 9

b. www.usda.gov (Department of Agriculture c. www. diabetes.org (American Diabetes Association) d. www.a1supplements.com (“America’s favorite supplement store.”) 58. A website that offers reliable nutritional information would probably not have which? a. Links to other sources of reliable information. b. Ordering instructions for the product they’re trying to sell. c. The names and credentials of the scientists who edit the site. d. The organization that is responsible for the site, indicated by the URL tags “gov” or “edu” 59. A website that gives you reliable nutritional information will a. Probably end in the URL tags “gov” or “edu” b. Probably not update very frequently. c. Probably give you a discount on buying its product if you’re a student. d. Probably not identify the organization responsible for the website.

Unit 01 Practice Exam KEY 1a, 2d, 3b, 4a, 5d, 6a, 7c, 8d, 9d, 10a, 11d, 12a, 13b, 14d, 15c, 16c, 17d, 18a, 19b, 20c, 21a, 22d, 23c, 24d, 25c, 26e, 27d, 28a, 29c, 30d, 31c, 32a, 33a, 34b, 35b, 36b, 37b, 38b, 39a, 40c, 41d, 42b, 43a, 44b, 45b, 46a, 45b, 48d, 49c, 50d, 51d, 52b, 53a, 54b, 55d, 56c, 57d, 58b, 59a.

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