INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
E IMO
WORKSHOP ON PARTNERSHIP BUILDING 9 – 10 June 2003
IMO/TC/WPB/10 2 June 2003 Original: ENGLISH
WORKSHOP ON PARTNERSHIP BUILDING IMO Headquarters, London, ENGLAND
CCA/UNDAF IN THE PURSUIT OF MDGs:
The Ghana Experience
By
Mr. ALFRED SALLIA FAWUNDU United Nations Resident Coordinator and Resident Representative, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Ghana.
June, 2003
For reasons of economy, this document is printed in a limited number. Delegates are kindly asked to bring their copies to meetings and not to request additional copies.
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-2OUTLINE
1.0
Introduction
2.0
The CCA/UNDAF Process
3.0
The MDGs
4.0
Linking UNDAF to MDGs: Ghana’s Experience
5.0
Partnership Building: IMO / MDG Nexus
6.0
Conclusion
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CCA/UNDAF IN THE PURSUIT OF MDGs: The Ghana Experience 1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 It is special honour to speak to you all today. I will like to begin by thanking the organisers of this workshop, for the invitation that has made me part of this important event. I cannot imagine a more fitting occasion to give a fresh thrust to the longstanding partnership between our two organizations, UNDP and IMO, than the current workshop on partnership building. Nor is there a more auspicious context for this theme than the powerful vision of development, which has brought unparalleled clarity to the strong linkages between our specific mandates, as well as our shared responsibility for common development outcomes in the countries that we serve. 1.2 This vision is reflected in the United Nations Millennium Declaration of September 2000, and embodied in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The Millennium Declaration (MD), which was adopted at the end of the Millennium Summit in September 2000, articulates in a single framework, the major development challenges facing humanity at the onset of the new millennium and the measures necessary to realise them. It was the first time that the modern world has risen in such a stout and definitive pursuit of the quest for ‘a peaceful, secure, and poverty-free world’ as affirmed by the Declaration signed unto by 189 UN member states that attended the summit. 1.3 Two and half years after, the original ideas and thrust of the MD, and its elaboration into MDGs have grown into an extra-ordinary tool of development cooperation and management, at local, national and international levels. An unprecedented momentum has evolved around the MDGs, which are now reflected in major development policies and programmes, donors cooperation agreements, and workplans of major development-oriented civil society organizations. 1.4 Major international conferences held over the past two years have focused on the MDGs either as central issue or key rubric of discussion. Last year, at the International Conference Financing for Development, Monterey and the World Conference on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, world leaders reaffirmed their strong commitment to and support for the goals. Since then, many regional and country level conferences have followed suit. Rightly so, the current workshop, and indeed this session on CCA/UNDAF in the Pursuit of MDGs, is another reflection of this most welcome development. 1.5 As the topic suggests, my approach to this discourse is to share with you the experience of the UN Country team (UNCT) in Ghana with the CCA and UNDAF, and how the evolution of MDGs has come to shape our focus and enhance our partnerships and impact. The discourse will also touch on the specific relevance of the emerging scenario to the IMO. 1.6 But first, I intend to briefly look at the key concepts – CCA, UNDAF and MDGs respectively. 2.0
THE CCA/UNDAF PROCESS
2.1 The Common Country Assessment (CCA) and United Nations Development Assistance framework (UNDAF) are twin concepts owing their origins to the UN Secretary General’s I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
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reform agenda, which aimed to make the United Nations an effective and efficient institution for world peace and development in the 21st century. Endorsed by the General Assembly in 1997, the reforms were launched against the background of the need for greater technical and organisational coherence and coordination among UN agencies in their analysis of and response to global development challenges. 2.2 The Secretary-General emphasised the strong inter-linkages between peace and security, poverty reduction and sustainable human development and the promotion and respect for human rights. In the follow up to his call for the United Nations to articulate a coherent vision and strategy that allows for a common analysis of the challenges and a unified approach towards common development goals, the Common Country Assessment (CCA) and the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) were initiated. 2.3 As defined by the General Assembly, the CCA is the common instrument of the United Nations system to analyze the national development situation and identify key development issues. Both a process and a product, the CCA takes into account national priorities, with a focus on the decisions and commitments reached at major international conferences, summits and conventions. 2.4 As a process, the CCA is a participatory, country-based process for analysing the national development situation and identifying key issues and challenges for effective programming and advocacy. Predicated on the multidimensional, multi-sectoral nature of the development problematic, the CCA provides the mechanism for a common assessment and understanding of national development situation, using key indicators that reflect agency mandates and interests articulated at major development conferences and summits. 2.5 As a product, the CCA presents a clear picture of progress (achievements and gaps) in policies and programmes, especially those that impinge on the activities of the various UN Agencies, based on a trend analysis of the pertinent indicators and targets. Through these analyses and assessments, the CCA is also a tool for monitoring the efficacy of the use of UN resources towards the attainment of international development goals. 2.6 The UNDAF emerges from the analytical and collaborative endeavour of the CCA and is the foundation for United Nations system programmes of cooperation. As defined by the UNDAF guidelines, the principal purpose of UNDAF is to achieve goal-oriented collaboration, programmatic coherence and mutual reinforcement in the United Nations programmes of assistance at the country level. Accordingly, the document identifies priority areas for UN intervention and articulates them into common priorities, objectives and strategies for cooperation among the UN agencies and with other development partners, at the country level. It also establishes a programme resources framework, defines partnership strategies and makes proposals for follow up monitoring and evaluation. 2.7 Consequently, the CCA and UNDAF are intricately linked together, and to contemporary development challenges. CCA is a country-based process for reviewing and analyzing the national development situation and identifying key issues as a basis for advocacy, policy dialogue and preparation of the UNDAF. UNDAF is an instrument intended to bring greater coherence and impact to the UN programmes of assistance at the country level, with common objectives and timeframes, in close connection with governments. 2.8 Both the CCA and the UNDAF are set and undertaken against the background of the principle that the responsibility for national development rests with the government and people of the countries concerned. Consequently, participatory mechanisms are integral part of the I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
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CCA/UNDAF processes, to ensure national ownership, national leadership and national diffusion. 3.0
THE MDGs
3.1 The MDGs are based on the Millennium Declaration. They represent an elaboration of the broad development goals agreed on at major international conferences and global summits during the last decade of the 20th century. These goals are encapsulated into a concise set of crosscutting, mutually reinforcing goals, quantitative targets and verifiable indicators. There are 8 goals, 18 targets and 48 indicators in all, as outlined by the UNSG, as part of his Millennium Roadmap. (See Appendix 1). 3.2
The MDGs, to be achieved between 1990 (benchmark) and 2015 (target), are: • halving extreme poverty and hunger • achieving universal primary education • promoting gender equality • reducing under-five mortality by two-thirds • reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters • reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB • ensuring environmental sustainability • developing a global partnership for development, with targets for aid, trade and debt relief.
3.3 MDGs emphasise the need to focus development efforts on areas of impact, which translates into clear, measurable and sustainable improvements in the quality of lives of the people, especially the poor. They underscore individual and shared responsibilities, and accountability requirements on the part of all partners – developing countries and donors alike. The MDGs are already an important advocacy tool and they are rapidly becoming a major part of the framework for development co-operation at local, national and international levels. 3.4 An important feature of the MDGs is the commonly agreed framework for all partners, industrialized and developing, bilaterals and multilaterals, North and South, public, private and civil society sectors for managing the process of development as a shared responsibility with mutual accountability. The expectations are therefore that development countries must show evidence of sound governance of public affairs and implement policies that are consistent with decisions and commitments agreed with stakeholders. On their own part, the industrialized countries are expected to honour commitments to facilitate support to developing countries’ efforts through improved terms of trade, increased quantum and flow of aid, and generous debt remission. 3.5 MDGs also provide an important tool for monitoring development goals. For the first time, specific targets and indicators are provided that facilitates continuous analysis of performance and progress monitoring. Within this framework, timely corrective measures and adjustments in policy, resource allocation and implementation mechanisms are possible. The annual report of the Secretary-General mandated by the General Assembly (in resolutions 55/162 of December 2000 and 56/95 of December 2001) also offers world leaders additional tool for following up progress and challenges, and to take appropriate action as required. 3.6 The major challenge is for the countries, and their development partners to take the real opportunity offered by the MDGs, to intensify their own development. Here, the UN Family has I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
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a major role to play. MDGs have their origins in the longstanding commitments of the international community through major conferences facilitated by the UN agencies and partners. Virtually every aspect of UN Development System’s work is connected. Thus, they define the success dimensions of individual agency and country team responsibilities. 3.7 The need for making MDGs a vital part of UN’s work has been repeatedly emphasised by the SG. The UNDP Administrator, Mr. Mark Malloch Brown, in his capacity as chair of the UN Development Group, has been requested by the SG, to coordinate and be the Chief Scorekeeper of the Millennium Development Goals – propagating the MDG’s core principles and making them an integral part of the UN system's work in the field. The UNCT, under the leadership of the RC, plays a similar role at the country level. 3.8 In Ghana, contextualising MDGs to local situation was an essential first task. A number of consultations, sensitisation and meetings held by the UNCT are directed at ensuring national ownership of the Ghana MDG process. The preparation of the maiden MDG Report (MDGR) under the leadership of national authors and institution gives practical significance to the overarching concern of country ownership. The same goes for the synchronisation of MDGs with the Ghana ‘s version of PRSP (Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy - GPRS) by overall focus, specific priorities, national indicators and monitorable targets to be achieved. Further efforts are being devoted to further broadening of the participatory mechanisms, bolstering advocacy efforts and mainstreaming MDGs into shorter-term development instruments like the annual budgets, as well as decentralised levels of development management including districts and communities. 3.9 Let me now take these instruments together as we look at them in practice, based on our experience in Ghana. 4.0
LINKING UNDAF TO MDGs: Ghana’s Experience
4.1 Ghana has a very rich experience with CCA and UNDAF, being one of the pilot countries involved in the launch of the Secretary General’s reform process. The second cycle framework (UNDAF II), which runs from 2001 to 2005, is now half through its implementation. The first, pilot CCA/UNDAF for Ghana was launched in 1996. 4.2 The main thrust of UNDAF II is geared towards promoting sustainable human development through a rights-based approach, focusing on the individual as the subject and agent of change. Three broad, cross-cutting thematic areas identified as the main goals of inter-agency collaboration under UNDAF II include: i) access to basic services for all; ii) opportunities for sustainable income, employment and personal development; and iii) greater national capacity for development management and implementation. These goals, which are based on the CCA document, are consistent with the national context for reaching the MDGs. They are also in line with the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS). Appendix 2 shows the linkage between these documents. 4.3 From the perspective of hindsight, the first point that must be made about CCA/UNDAF, now in the second round of implementation in Ghana (2001 – 2005), is that it has brought tremendous synchrony to UN system activities. The key features include the harmonisation of programming cycles of the traditional funding agencies; establishment of common country objectives, analysis and indicators; closer collaboration on joint programmes; and greater coherence in UN country level activities. The CCA has replaced the plethora of diagnoses by different agencies, sectors and subsectors, with a single, in-depth framework that has become a I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
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more consistent and respectable addition to the list of major references on contemporary Ghana, thereby reducing excessive transaction costs and overlaps. 4.4 In addition, the CCA/UNDAF regime has helped to improve coordination among the different agencies active in the country. It is remarkable that about a dozen and half resident and non-resident agencies (FAO, IFAD, IMF, ILO, IMO, UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNIC, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNU, WB, WFP and WHO) are cooperating actively, working together under aegis of the UN System for which the UNDAF provides the main programme operational context. 4.5 More importantly, it has facilitated better programming, mapping and tracking of UN system activities and resource flows. More and more agencies are embracing the new development. Our UNDAF II for instance was able to attract World Bank participation at the level of programming and resource mobilisation. This unique development was not only a major boost to coordination efforts, but also an important indicator of the remarkable potential of the CCA/UNDAF mechanism. 4.6 Two cross-cutting programmes (Gender and HIV/AIDS), and three joint activity projects (girls education, guinea worm eradication and the old Accra conservation and development plan) identified in the UNDAF have shown that beyond joint analysis and programming, joint intervention projects have greater implications for overall effectiveness. In fact, a recent (midterm) review of UNDAF II found, among other things, that although some of the joint activities were not specifically mandated, and therefore tended to be voluntary and ad-hoc, collaborative efforts such as in the gender programme and HIV/AIDS have proven to be models in effect and remarkable in stimulating wider stakeholder efforts. 4.7 In spite of these impressive credentials however, our experience with CCA/UNDAF has also exposed certain kinds of limitations, conceptual, analytical and practical. Indeed, these limitations have only become more glaring with development and bolstering influence of the MDGs. 4.8 Although both the MDGs and the CCA/UNDAF focus on similar ‘national’ objectives, targets and indicators, the definition of these ends have been subject to varying specifications and interpretations. Outside the UNCT, partners do not generally share the same set of objectives as are outlined in the UNDAF. And, in more than few cases, partners that share these objectives also have different thrusts and specifications of the same goals. Part of this type of challenge has to do with the point that whereas the UNDAF is an internally imposed, development partnerdriven (UN System, SG reforms) concept, the MDGs are rooted in the MD adopted by 189 member states of the UN at the Millennium Summit in September, 2000. 4.9 With MDGs and the set targets and indicators, it is a lot easier to align CCA/UNDAF objectives and indicators behind them as commonly agreed benchmarks. This represents an added leverage, taking into consideration, the considerable legitimacy and credibility arising from the backdrop of the commitments of all countries and all UN agencies to the MD and MDGs. This way, the intensely long and winding negotiation processes leading to consensus (almost always ultimately a compromise) on key parameters is considerably shortened, since every interested party has a firm stake in the attainment of the MDGs. An additional benefit of aligning the focus on the MDGs is that the CCA/UNDAF processes will now readily open to the active involvement of other national and international stakeholders and also draw upon information from a wider array of constituents, thereby bolstering national ownership.
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4.10 One area that requires strengthening in the implementation of CCA/UNDAF is with respect to monitoring and evaluation. Developing capacity for monitoring and analysis is a real challenge. Because the MDGs are, substantially, more stable and lend more readily to intertemporal analysis and comparison, they provide a better framework for effective monitoring and evaluation of progress and outcomes. The Millennium Development Goals Report (MDGR) is a veritable tool for analysing and tracking progress based on the agreed goals, targets and indicators. It also has strong advocacy values. The MDGRs therefore forms an important part of the monitoring instruments at the national level. 4.11 Thus, to be effective, the UNDAF monitoring and evaluation apparatus should be an integral part of MDG monitoring and evaluation systems. Accordingly, the system must be based on: reviewing and updating the CCA/UNDAF database, periodic review of progress against targets, annual publication and effective dissemination of MDGRs, and joint monitoring by the UN System, government and other partners. Support for the development of a stronger national statistical system will serve to improve reporting and the quality of databases. 4.12 There is also the often-cited less than optimal involvement of non-resident and so-called ‘disadvantaged’ or ‘smaller’ agencies. Only a few UNDAF documents make explicit reference that connects them to the priorities, indicators and outcomes addressed. On the ground, lack of permanent or extensive representation, limited capacity, limited resources and overly technical mandate have been the more common reasons adduced for the marginal presence of these agencies and their visible participation in common activities such as the CCA/UNDAF processes. 4.13 It is against the background of the foregoing that I want to examine the theme to which I now turn: the relevance of the new development vision to the work of IMO within the context of the UNDAF/MDG process. 5.0
BUILDING STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS: IMO / MDG Nexus
5.1 The MDGs offer a fresh opportunity for all agencies, irrespective of organisational circumstances or technicality of mandate, to engage more strategically in the CCA/UNDAF process, MDG reporting, and in resource mobilisation. 5.2 The CCA/UNDAF process involves extensive investigations, analysis and review of the country situation to establish root causes and identify priorities for response interventions. In Ghana, like in most countries, these involve several thematic and programme working groups, and a series of meetings between agencies and partners. In the process, agencies that do not have adequate resources are, so to say, ‘crowded out’. However, with the increasing tendency towards operational convergence between UNDAF and MDGs, all agencies now have better chances to respond to the challenges on the ground, within the framework of the agreed indicators, targets and goals. 5.3 Responding to the MDGs also implies identifying strategic entry points and deepening capacity to intervene within the context of the MDGs. In this connection, four of the eight goals lend easily to IMO related work in Ghana. These are the goals on eradicating poverty and hunger (Goal 1), promoting gender equality and empowerment of women (Goal 3), ensuring environmental sustainability (Goal 7), and developing a global partnership for development Goal 8). 5.4 IMO’s comparative advantage as UN System’s regulatory agency for the maritime sector, and its global mandate safer shipping and cleaner oceans places it in crucial stead to make I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
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important contributions to the realisation of these goals. These contributions, to my mind, begin with working with the UNCT and national partners to contextualise the MDG targets and indicators and mainstream them into national frameworks. 5.5 The UNDAF/MDG linkage also provides opportunity for resource mobilisation. There is an increasing commitment on the part of donors to match commitments to MDGs with resources and action. This was the resounding outcome of the Monterrey and Johannesburg meetings of last year. Engaging with this evolution and developing customised products will help agencies take advantage of available funding windows, and boost their own resource mobilisation efforts. Like other agencies and donors, UNDP is totally committed to the MDGs and will continue to partner with agencies and partners that add value to the success and impact of our work. 5.6 Our partnership experience with IMO in Ghana remains one of our success stories and a best practice. We collaborated with IMO on a Support for Programme and Policy Development (SPPD) project to prepare a feasibility study on the establishment of reception facilities in Ghana’s ports. This was completed in February 2001. Following the result of that work, Government has now completed negotiations with a private firm for the establishment of reception facility at the Tema port. When fully realised, this project will tremendously enhance management of marine pollution, reduce explicit and implicit costs, facilitate trade and boost the livelihoods of the people. As of today two countries, Sierra Leone and the Republic of Sao Tome and Principe have adopted the Ghana model towards improving their own ports. 5.8 I am sure there are many more countries in Africa and elsewhere waiting to benefit from this type of partnership. I am even surer that we can deepen our own partnership in Ghana where we have a coastline of not less than 550 km supporting livelihoods of not less than 3.5 million people who are mostly poor and mostly women. This, taken together with the increasing traffic at Ghana’s ports can only make such partnership more important and, the relevance of the MDG framework ever more pertinent. 6.0
CONCLUSION
6.1 The MDGs have come as a major addition to the UNCT kit for development activities and partnerships at the country level. The areas covered by UNDAF, from which all UN System activities derive significance, go to the heart of the issues that must be dealt with to achieve the 2015 targets. Hence, increasing convergence between CCA/UNDAF priorities, indicators and expected outcomes on the one hand and the MDGs, and targets on the other, are only a matter of course. 6.2 Ghana’s experience underscores the two-way, mutually reinforcing linkage between the CCA/UNDAF processes and the MDGs. MDGs provide common vision and focus for development activities while the CCA/UNDAF define the purview and priorities for UN system efforts towards desired outcomes as captured within the MDG framework. Within this context, UN system activities build on comparative advantages and enhance synergies as they become more coherent, less duplicative, and better integrated. 6.3 Indeed, our experience with IMO has clearly shown that the progressive refinements in the coordination of UN system’s programmes and activities at the country level, first with the CCA/UNDAF and then with the MDGs, can only result in clearer appreciation of our interdependency and enhance the multiplier effect of our strategic partnership.
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6.4 For as long as something distinct is brought to the arena, there is in it something for all partners, large or small. Thank you for listening. ***
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APPENDIX 1 Millennium Development Goals Goals and targets
Goal 1
Indicators
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day
Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
Goal 2
•
Poverty gap ratio (incidence x depth of poverty)
•
Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
•
Prevalence of underweight in children (under five years of age)
•
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
•
Net enrollment ratio in primary education
•
Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5
•
Literacy rate of 15 to 24-year-olds
Promote gender equality and empower women Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005 and in all levels of education no later than 2015
Goal 4
Proportion of population below $1 a day
Achieve universal primary education Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling
Goal 3
•
•
Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary, and tertiary education
•
Ratio of literate females to males among 15- to 24year-olds
•
Share of women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector
•
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament
•
Under-five mortality rate
•
Infant mortality rate
•
Proportion of one-year-old children immunized against measles
Reduce child mortality Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate
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IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 1 Page 2 Goal 5
Improve maternal health Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio
Goal 6
Maternal mortality ratio
•
Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
•
HIV prevalence among 15- to 24-year-old pregnant women
•
Contraceptive prevalence rate b
•
Number of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS
•
Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria
•
Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria
•
prevention and treatment measures
•
Prevalence and tuberculosis
•
Proportion of TB cases detected and cured under DOTS
•
Change in land area covered by forest
•
Land area protected to maintain biological diversity
•
GDP per unit of energy use
•
Carbon dioxide emissions (per capita)
Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
•
Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water source
Have achieved, by 2020, a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers
•
Proportion of populationwith access to improved sanitation
•
Proportion of population with access to secure tenure [Urban/rural disaggregation of several of the above indicators may be relevant for monitoring improvement in the lives of slum dwellers]
Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
Goal 7
•
death
rates
associated with
Ensure environmental sustainability Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and program and reverse the loss of environmental resources
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IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 1 Page 3 Goal 8
Develop a global partnership for development Develop further an open, rule-based, Some of the indicators listed below will be monitored predictable, nondiscriminatory trading separately for the least developed countries, Africa, and financial system (includes a landlocked countries, and small island developing states. commitment to good governance, development, and poverty reduction— both nationally and internationally)
Official development assistance Address the special needs of the least developed countries (includes tariff-and quota-free access for exports enhanced program of debt relief for HIPC and cancellation of official bilateral debt, and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction)
Market access Address the special needs of landlocked countries and small island developing states (through the Barbados Programme and 22nd General Assembly provisions)
Debt sustainability Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term
Others In cooperation with developing countries, develop and implement strategies for decent and productive work for youth In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable, essential drugs in developing countries I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
•
Net ODA as a percentage of DAC donors' gross national income
•
Proportion of ODA to basic social services (basic education, primary health care, nutrition, safe water, and sanitation)
•
Proportion of ODA that is untied
•
Proportion of ODA for environment in small island developing states
•
Proportion of ODA for the transport sector in landlocked countries
•
Proportion of exports (by value, excluding arms) admitted free of duties and quotas
•
Average tariffs and quotas on agricultural products and textiles and clothing
•
Domestic and export agricultural subsidies in OECD countries
•
Proportion of ODA provided to help build trade capacity
•
Proportion of official bilateral HIPC debt canceled
•
Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services
•
Proportion of ODA provided as debt relief
•
Number of countries reaching HIPC decision and completion points
•
Unemployment rate of 15- to 24-year-olds
•
Proportion of population with access to affordable, essential drugs on a sustainable basis
•
Telephone lines per 1,000 people
IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 1 Page 4 In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications
***
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•
Personal computers per 1,000 people
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APPENDIX 2 FRAMEWORK MATRIX: Linking MDGs, GPRS and UNDAF MDGs Goals
Targets
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
1. ½ the proportion of those in extreme poverty
GPRS Indicators
1. Pop below $1 / day -PPP
Themes All
Targets ‘04 Povrty33 32%
UNDAF Indicators
–
Goals
Targets’05
Poverty incidence
ALL 3
Same as GPRS’s – for all area of intervention.
Prevalence of underweight childrenU5MR
PHC
Increase
Indicators
Ext/Pov: 2721% 2. Poverty gap ratio (incidence x depth of poverty 3. Share of poorest quintile in nat’l consumption 2. ½ the proportion of those who suffer from hunger
4. Prevalence of underweight children
HRD
25 -20
Healthcare utilization, Access to BHS
Equity Nutrition Food sec. &N
Improve Food sec Improve
5. Prop. Below min. level of dietary energy consumption
2. Achieve Universal Primary Education
3.
Ensure that by 2015 all children will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling
6. Net enrolment in primary education for boys and girls
76.6 – 82% Fem 71 – 80%
Gross primary Enrolment rate Literacy rate of 15 – 24 year olds
7. Prop. Of pupils who start grade 1 that reach grade 5 8. literacy rate of 15 – 24 year olds
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HRD
Basic Ed.
Increase
Enrolment
IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 2 Page 2 3. Promote gender equality and empower women
4. Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary school education, preferably by 2005 and to all levels of education not later than 2015
9 Ratio of boys and girls in primary secondary and tertiary education
Gender HRD
GER for girls (proxy)
Ration of M:F in primary, secondary and tertiary education.
10. Ratio of literate females to males of 15 – 24 olds 11. Share of women in wage employment
Gender
12. Prop of seats held by women in nat’l parliament
4 Reduce Child mortality
5. Reduce the under five mortality rate by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015
13. Under 5 mortality rate.
Basic Education
Prop of female seats in parliament
HRD
14. Infant mortality rate.
110 /000
95
56 – 50 / 000
U5MR
PHC
Overall increase Girls
Enrolment rate
Women
Adult literacy
Improve
Access to Resources
Improve
Equality, rights
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6. Reduce maternal mortality by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015
16. Maternal mortality ratio.
HRD
200 – 160 / 000
Participation decision-making
Reduction
Morbidity and mortality rates (MMR)
Prop of one year old immunized against measles IMR
MMR
MMR
PHC
and
Improve
15. Proportion of one year old children immunized against measles
5. Improve maternal health
equity
Reduce
MMR
in
IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 2 Page 3 Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
49 – 55%
Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
HRD
Prop of new infections in this group reduced to 24% by 2005.
Reduction of new infections among 19-49 age group
HIV/AIDS
Reduce
Prevalence
Productio n and gainful employme nt
Reduce loss of forest by 10%
Deforestation
Suat. Env.
Rational
Natural utilization
17.
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7. Have altered by 2015, and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
18. HIV prevalence among 15-24 year old pregnant women
19. Contraceptive prevalence rate 20. No of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS 8. Have altered by 2015, and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
21. Prevalence of death rates associated with malaria
22. Prop of pop in malaria risk areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment measures 23. prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis 24. prop of TB cases detected and cured under DOTS Course.
7. Ensure Environmen tal sustainabilit y
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9. Integrate principles of sustainable development into country programmes and reverse loss of environmental resources.
25. Prop of land area covered by forest
Reduce env’tal resource degradation from mining by 20%
Sustainable
Resource
Use of tangible and intagible cultural heritage
IMO/TC/WPB/10 APPENDIX 2 Page 4 26. Land area protected to maintain biological diversity 27. GDP/unit of energy use(proxy for energy efficiency) 28. Carbon dioxide emissions (/ capital)
Improve Improve
10. ½ by 2015, the prop. Of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
29. Prop of pop with sustainable access to an improved water source
HRD
Rural 40 – 54%
11. By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least100 million slum dwellers.
31. Prop. Of people with access to improved sanitation
WAS
Improve
Access to sanitary means of refuse and human waste disposal
32. Proportion of people with access to secure tenure.
WAS
Improve
Rural access to safe water
National Cap. For Dev mgt.
Improve / effectiveness
Urban 78%
Access to safe drinking water
70-
HANGING !!!
INFRASTRUCTURE
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I:\TC\WPB\1\10.doc
Energy utilization / mnagement Management of industrial and urban pollution
Promote
Governance Human rights Private sector developmnt Community devt Info Systs.