Ultramid Polyamide 6 for Fibers

Ultramid ® Polyamide 6 for Fibers Ultramid® in the web: www.ultramid.de BASF – the world’s leading chemical company With over 95,000 employees an...
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Ultramid

®

Polyamide 6 for Fibers

Ultramid® in the web: www.ultramid.de

BASF – the world’s leading chemical company With over 95,000 employees and close to 100 large and a multitude of smaller production sites world-

wide BASF serves customers and partners in almost all countries of the world.

The BASF portfolio comprises: Chemicals (e. g. glues, intermediates, petrochemicals) Plastics (polyamide and intermediates, engineering plastics, styrenics, polyurethanes, biodegradable plastics) Performance products (e. g. paper chemicals, textile and leather chemicals, personal care and pharmaceutical ingredients, aroma chemicals, nutrition) Functional solutions (e. g. coatings for cars, construction chemicals, catalysts) Agricultural solutions (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides) Oil and gas

How BASF shapes the future BASF combines economic success with social responsibility and environmental conservation. This means that BASF tries to find answers to global challenges, such as climate protection, energy efficiency, nutrition and mobility – a contribution to a better future for all of us and for coming generations.

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By providing the highest quality products, chemical processes, scien­ tific research, and technical competences, BASF is in a unique position to satisfy customers with exceptional service. Listening to its customers, BASF fosters partnerships that quickly transform requirements into products which exceed consumer expectations. For that reason at BASF more than 8,300 employees work in research and development.

BASF and polyamides – a success story As one of the largest suppliers of polyamide products worldwide, the Performance Polymers Division is a core business of BASF. The company produces polyamide and its intermediates in state of the art production plants in Antwerp (Belgium), Freeport (USA) and Ludwigs­hafen (Germany). But the company does not only sell polyamide under the brand name Ultramid®, it also produces compounds that are mainly used in the automotive industry.

BA S F – T H E WO RLD ’S LE A D I N G C HE M I C A L C OM PA N Y

Dr. Paul Schlack invented polyamide 6 in the late 1930s.

Since the 1930s German research has been leading in the deve­ lopment of innovative polyamide products. Pioneer chemist Paul Schlack changed the fiber world forever when he succeeded in polymerizing caprolactam to polycaprolactam, better known as polyamide 6. Nowadays polyamide is part of our daily life. Garments of all kind are made from this versatile product, as are artificial leather and ropes, packaging material and carpets as well as fishing nets. For most applications BASF has just the right type of polyamide. Furthermore, BASF specialists permanently work on product inno­vations to find better ways to help their customers be more successful. Ultramid® N-polymer is an example of a BASF product meeting customers’ demands. After its introduction in the mid 1990s, it was quickly established as a benchmark for the market. Unmatched for quality, the Ultramid N-polymers set the global industry standard for modern high-speed polyamides. For the future, customers can expect further innovations from BASF, such as polyamides that are easier to process, better to dye or longer lasting.

BASF all around textiles Besides polyamide for fibers BASF offers a wide range of chemicals for textile processing. For over 140 years, since the foundation of the company, BASF has been a committed associate of the textile industry – present over the entire textile valuechain. A lot of BASF products help customers to be more successful – from spinning to finishing. The wide range of textile chemicals includes products and systems for sizing, pretreatment, optical brightening, analog and digital textile prin­ting, coating and finishing, as well as dyeing auxiliaries. www.basf.com /textile

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Product portfolio

For high performance textiles: Ultramid® B 24 N-polymers

Allrounders with enormous variety: Ultramid B 27 grades

Low viscosity Ultramid® B 24 N-polymers are perfect for textile fibers. BASF offers three different grades of pigmentation from perfectly bright to natural looking full-dull. This allows superior quality textiles for premium class hosiery and swimwear and also for high-tech outdoor garments. The advantages of polyamide fibers like strength and durability are combined with the wearing comfort of natural products. Especially the high pigmentation of Ultramid B 24 NFD gives fabrics a natural look and feel that can hardly be distinguished from cotton – even more so when the fiber is airtexturized.

Applications which require a higher relative viscosity (RV = 2.7) can be perfect­­ly produced with Ultramid B 27. For many years the Ultramid B 27 grades have been the preferred choice for high-end poly­a­mi­de carpets. Characteristics of Ultramid B 27 grades are a large color variety, robustness, longevity and recyclability. Carpets made of Ultramid B 27 do not lose their resilience. They can withstand even the toughest stress of the type encountered in places such as hotels, airports and public buildings. They remain in excellent shape for a long time and thus provide more living comfort. Ultramid B 27 grades are also the material of choice for producers­ of monofilaments or semitechnical yarns. Further on they can also be used for demanding applications, like artificial leather, using bicompo­ nent microfiber spinning technology. Depending on the application, BASF offers a bright or pigmented version.

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PRODUC T PORT F OLI O

Ultramid® product portfolio for fibers

Ultramid® B 24 N

Ultramid® B 24 NSD

Ultramid® B 24 NFD

Bright

 Semi dull

Full dull

RV = 2.4

Viscosity

RV = 2.7

Ultramid® B 27

Pigmentation

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From hosiery to outdoor clothes: Ultramid® B 24 N-polymers

BASF set a totally new standard when it introduced the new Ultramid® N-polymers. For the first time a polyamide was offered that combined easy processabilty, brilliant and durable colors with high strength in both fiber and fabric.

This unique combination of well-defined properties ensures outstanding performance when using Ultramid B 24 N-polymers. For example, due to their chemical composition Ultramid polymers are extremely forgiving and easy to process. This is crucial when spinning challenging deniers at high speeds.

Today, customers require products that make them more successful. Polyamides must excel even in critical applications at highest processing speeds with outstanding yields. BASF Ultramid B 24 N-­ polymers do just that, being decidedly better in terms of spinning yields, fiber quality and low fault level in any step of the value chain.

Built-in UV stabilizers eliminate the harmful impact of sunlight on the polymer. Yellowing and physical degradation caused by UV radiation exposure has become a thing of the past with BASF’s Ultramid Npolymers.

The properties of Ultramid® B 24 N-polymers

Typical applications

at a glance

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Huge versatility in processing



Swimwear



High speed production



Lingerie



Outstanding spinning yield



Sportswear



High strength



Outdoor garments



UV-stabilization



Hosiery



Brilliant and homogeneous dyeing

Dyers and finishers are pleased by the homogenous and brilliant dye shades achieved with Ultramid-based fabrics. Consumers love the high quality combined with fashionable look and natural feel of these garments.

Relative viscosity

F ROM HOS I E RY TO O UT D O O R C LOT H E S : ULT RA M I D B 2 4 N -POLY M E RS

Warp knitters, weavers and circular knitters appreciate the high yarn tenacity, uniformity and trouble-free processing properties of Ultramid® based yarns

2.75 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.55 2.50 2.45 2.40 2.35 2.30 2.25

N-polymers Conventional PA 6

RV (start)

RV (15 min)

RV (25 min)

Fig. 1: Viscosity build-up of Ultramid® N-polymers versus conventional polymer

Yellowing index

Spinners benefit from highest yarn qualities at economical yields even under challenging conditions like high processing speeds and fine deniers

35 30 25 20 15

unexposed after 40 hours after 80 hours after 320 hours after 640 hours

10 5 0

N-polymers

Conventional PA 6

Fig. 2: Yellowing index for Ultramid® N-polymers versus conventional polymer [Xenotest]

Remairing tenacity [%]

The outstanding properties of the BASF N-polymer generation afford advantages to the whole textile value chain:

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

N-polymers Conventional PA 6

0

14

28

Days of exposure

Fig. 3: Light stability of Ultramid® N-polymers versus conventional polymer [Xenotest]

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From carpets to monofilaments: Ultramid® B 27 grades One of the key applications of our Ultramid® B 27 products is the manufacture of high quality floor coverings. Physical advantages like high resistance to wear and excellent recovery properties as well as easy-to-clean and anti-stain properties have convinced customers all over the world. Environmental issues are becoming more and more important: carpets made of Ultramid B 27 have a longer lifetime and they need less energy during production. However, carpets are not the only segment where Ultramid B 27 can show its strength. More and more customers value the homogeneity and extraordinary quality consistency of this product that make it a perfect match for the exciting world of microfilaments produced with the help of bicomponent spinning technology. Precision of hardware and material is a must in this segment – no problem for Ultramid B 27. Besides microfibers this extremely versatile polymer allows almost every fiber construction, from textile monofilaments to semitechnical yarns of medium denier and tenacity.

15. OkV

85.7 μm

Filaments made of Ultramid® polyamide under the electronic microscope

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The properties of Ultramid® B 27 at a glance Huge versatility in applications Controlled level of amino end groups Smooth processing

Typical applications Carpets Microfibers Textile monofilaments Semitechnical yarns

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F ROM C A RPE T S TO M O N O F I LA M E N T S : ULT RA M I D B 2 7 GRA DE S

Properties and processing

Technical data on Ultramid® product portfolio for fibers Unit

B 24 N

B 24 NSD

B 24 NFD

B 27

RV (1 % in 96  % sulfuric acid)

2.43 ± 0.03

2.43 ± 0.03

2.43 ± 0.03

2.70 ± 0.03

Moisture content [ %]

≤ 0.06

≤ 0.06

≤ 0.06

≤ 0.06

Extractables [ %]

≤ 0.6

≤ 0.6

≤ 0.6

≤ 0.6

Amino end groups [meq  / kg]

43 ± 2

43 ± 2

43 ± 2

37 ± 2

Ti O2 pigment content [ %]



0.3 ± 0.02

1.6 ± 0.1



Color no. [ Apha ]

≤ 5

≤ 5

≤ 5

≤ 5

Melting point [°C]

220  °C

220  °C

220  °C

220  °C

Density [g /cm3]

1.13

1.13

1.13

1.13

Specific chip number [count  /g]

~ 80

~ 80

~ 80

~ 80

Bulk density [kg  /m3 ]

670

670

670

670 / 780

Pellet size [mm]

2 × 2.5

2 × 2.5

2 × 2.5

2 × 2.5

Pellet shape

cylindrical

cylindrical

cylindrical

cylindrical   / spherical

1E + 3 Ultramid® B 24 N at 260  °C Ultramid® B 24 N at 275  °C 1E + 2

1E + 1

1E + 2

1E + 3

Fig. 5: Shear viscosity of Ultramid® B 24 N

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Shear viscosity [ Pa · s]

Shear viscosity [ Pa · s]

Melt viscosity of Ultramid polyamides for fibers

1E + 4

1E + 5

shear rate [1/s]

1E + 3 Ultramid® B 27 at 265  °C Ultramid® B 27 at 275  °C 1E + 2

1E + 1

1E + 2

Fig. 6: Shear viscosity of Ultramid® B 27

1E + 3

1E + 4

1E + 5

shear rate [1/s]

PRO PE RT I E S A N D PROC E S S I N G

Certified quality of processes and products Quality management is an integral part of BASF’s corporate policy. Customer satisfaction concerning products and services is an essential objective of this policy. In all production sites worldwide the Polyamide and Intermediates Business Unit of BASF has a process oriented quality assurance system, which has been certified according to DIN ISO 9001.

Typical processing parameters of B 24 N-polymers Extruder output pressure [80 - 120 bar]

Extruder heating zones [220 - 260 °C] [240 - 270 °C] [250 - 270 °C] [250 - 275 °C]

Melt temperature [260 - 275 °C] Pressure before spin pump [50 - 100 bar]

Spin pump

BASF’s quality assurance system for Ultramid polyamides includes all stages, from development, production, packa­ging and distribution to marketing and sales. We ensure also the proper functionality and further development of our quality management system by constantly improving its procedures, proces­ses and products. ®

Pack pressure [110 - 160 bar]

Quenching air 0.4 m /s 18  °C 70 % rel. humid.







Preentanglement [0.5 - 2 bar]

Oiler pins

Main entanglement [1- 3 bar]

GR2 4500 - 5500 m /min 130 -160  °C

GR1 4000 - 4600 m /min 30  °C Winder [4500 - 5500 m/min]

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Please visit our website: www.polyamides.basf.com

Europe, Africa and West Asia BASF SE Polyamide and Intermediates 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany

Canada, Mexico and USA BASF Corporation 100 Campus Drive Florham Park, NJ 07932 USA

Asia BASF East Asia 45 / F Jardine House No.1 Connaught Place Central, Hong Kong China

KTIP 1103 BE

Request of brochures: KT / K, F 204 Fax: + 49 621 60 - 49497

® = registered trademark of BASF SE

Note The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, these data do not relieve processors from carrying out own investigations and tests; neither do these data imply any guarantee of certain properties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our products to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed. (August 2011)

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