# 54 Nov-Dec 2015

INTERVIEW • Mr. Peeyush Gupta, Director – Sales and Marketing, UL

RENEWABLE ENERGY • Renewables 2015; a Global Report; REN21 • Renewable Energy Investment Statistics; Energetica India

SOLAR POWER • PV TAIWAN 2015 Visit Report; Energetica India • Can the Indian market become one of the main solar markets in the world in 7 years? Or sooner? Andrés Sandoval, Enertis

Tracking the Sun. From Dawn to Dusk Solar Tracking is the only proven and bankable Technology which increases the power generation of a plant by 18-25%, thereby lowering the cost per unit of power generation. Scorpius is one of the fastest growing tracker companies in the World (5MW in Year 1 done, 100 MW in Year 2 in process, 500 MW in Year 3, MOUs signed) and offers a globally patented maintenance free tracking technology with minimal O&M, ZERO auxiliary consumption and a COMPETITIVE overall cost of ownership of a solar tracker. Clients – Several MW installations are underway in India, Africa, USA and the Far East.

Scorpius Trackers Private Limited 397/ 6-7, Senapati Bapat Road, Gokhale Nagar Signal, Pune -411016. Phone: 91-20-25659413, Email: [email protected] Website : http://www.scorpiustrackers.com/

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EDITORIAL Dear Energetica India Readers, Welcome to our Energetica India November/ December 2015 issue. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is set to unveil rules on monitoring the end-use of green bonds and may propose incentives for companies to issue them. The move is expected to enable Indian companies to raise capital at home through this instrument. It will also be a major step towards the government’s commitment on reducing India’s carbon footprint. Green bonds invest in environment-friendly projects in areas like renewable energy, waste management, clean transportation, sustainable water management and climate change adaptation. Recently, IDBI Bank has launched a US dollar denominated Green Bond issue having a size of $350 million and tenure of 5 years in November 2015. The issue received an overwhelming response from investors and was subscribed by 3 times. The issue was made under the $5 billion medium term note (MTN) programme listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange. With this, IDBI Bank has become the first Indian PSU bank to raise

$350 million by selling Green Bonds, where proceeds are used for refinancing of clean energy projects in India assisted by IDBI Bank. Energetica India, again, in 2015 was the only Indian renewable energy magazine to be invited to the prestigious show of PV Taiwan 2015. Energetica India has been successfully expanding and reaching new frontiers for its readers, advertisers and other stakeholders. We capture the moments of the event in our article “PV Taiwan 2015- Visit Report”. The Indian renewable energy and cleantech industry is looking forward to United Nations climate meeting in Paris which is starting from November 30 to December 11, 2015. India is preparing an alliance of nations that get ample sunshine to form a united front. India also plans to raise the issue of lack of commitment by developed countries on the finance and technology front. Not only as an industry but also as part of India and the world, we look forward to the leaders reaching a solution to tackle global warming. Meanwhile in the November/December 2015 issue Energetica India meets two more industry leaders to learn more about latest industry trends:

• Mr. Peeyush Gupta, Director- Sales & Marketing, UL • Mr. Aaditya R Dhoot, Organising Chairman of ELECRAMA Highlights of the November/December 2015 Issue • Batteries: Redefining the Clean Energy Paradigm by Mr.Vineet Mittal, Vice Chairman, Welspun Renewables For a long time, solar power has suffered the myth that it is only useful during the day. In the prevalent technologies, at average irradiance, utility scale solar plants silently power grids during the day and turn obsolete in the night. But as the battery storage technologies evolve, the solar energy landscape is poised for a quantum leap. • MNRE-UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project Refinance Scheme In order to overcome challenges facing Indian biomass sector and to improve the viability of projects, funds of Rs. 15 crores from MNRE- UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project are being used for refinancing of loans at concessional interest rates. We hope you enjoy reading our work.

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EDITOR. EUGENIO PÉREZ DE LEMA [email protected] DIRECTOR. GISELA BÜHL [email protected] INDIA COUNTRY MANAGER, INDIA. SONAM RAINA Sonam.r@energetica-india. net Tel: + 91 22 6-9999-002 INTERNATIONAL SALES DEPT.. BELA ANGELOVA [email protected] JOURNALIST MOULIN OZA [email protected] SPAIN. ALVARO LÓPEZ [email protected] FINANCIAL DIRECTOR. CARLOS FERNÁNDEZ [email protected] | LAYOUT & DESIGN. DANIEL CONEJERO contras-t.com | PRINTER. GRAFISUR Spain The views expressed in the magazine are not necessarily those of the editor or publisher. The magazine and all of the text and images contained therein are protected by copyright. If you would like to use an article from Energetica India or our website www.energetica-india.net you may obtain the rights by calling OMNIMEDIA, S.L.

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CONTENTS

# 54 - NOV | DEC 2015

ADVERTISERS

Bonfiglioli

Back cover

BW Power Summit 2015

59

4th Electrotec 2016 Inside back cover Energetica India Guide

20

BIOMASS • MNRE - UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project Refinance Scheme; Energetica India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

ENERGY STORAGE • Batteries: Redefining the Clean Energy Paradigm; Mr.Vineet Mittal, Welspun Renewables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

GLOBAL GREEN SUMMIT 2015 • Sustainability all the way; Global Green Summit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Energy Storage India 2015

15

ELECRAMA 2016

21

Frost & Sullivan’s Sustainability 4.0 Awards 2016

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Hannover Messe

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Hitachi

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INTERVIEW • Mr. Peeyush Gupta, Director – Sales and Marketing, UL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 • Mr. Aaditya R Dhoot, Organising Committee Chairman, ELECRAMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

POWER SECTOR • Used Oil Analysis for Natural Gas Engines; Mr. Imtiaz Ahmed, Exxon Mobil Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

RENEWABLE ENERGY • Renewables 2015; a Global Report; REN21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 • Analysis of Existing Framework for Renewables and RE policy in India; Deutsche Gesellschaft Für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Gmbh (Giz), Consortium Partners - Ernst Young Llp, India; Fraunhofer Iwes; University Of Oldenburg,

L&T

Inside front cover

Germany; Fichtner Gmbh & Co. Kg, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 • Renewable Energy Investment Statistics; Energetica India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

RENEWX 2015

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Scorpius Trackers

Front cover

Scorpius Trackers Company Profile 16

• From Energetica India’s Blog Stable; Nov/Dec 2015 ; Energetica India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

SOLAR POWER • Paths in the new energy world; Roland Simon & Johanna Gebhardt, Siemens Ag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 • PV TAIWAN 2015 - Visit Report; Energetica India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 • Can the Indian market become one of the main solar markets in the world in 7 years? Or sooner?; Andrés Sandoval & Alvaro

Smart Cities India 2016

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Xcell Automation

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Velasco, Enertis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

WIND POWER • Global Wind Market; Energetica India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4. Editorial / 6. Contents / 8. Take advice / 10. Energy News / 80. Products

c 2015

# 54 Nov-De

c 2015

# 54 Nov-De

ON COVER INTERVIEW

ush Gupta, • Mr. Peey Sales and Director – UL Marketing,

RENEWABLE

ENERGY

es 2015; • Renewabl rt; REN21 a Global Repo e Energy • Renewabl t Statistics; Investmen Energetica

India

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SOLAR POW

AN 2015 • PV TAIW India Energetica Visit Report; et Indian mark • Can the of the main become one ets in the solar mark years? Or 7 in world sooner? Andrés

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Private Limited Trackers Scorpius Bapat Road, . Senapati Pune -411016 397/ 6-7, Nagar Signal,3, Gokhale 565941 s.com Phone: 91-20-2corpiustracker rackers.com/ Email: info@s www.scorpiust : http:// Website

SCORPIUS TRACKERS Scorpius Trackers Private Limited 397/ 6-7, Senapati Bapat Road, Gokhale Nagar Signal, Pune -411016. Phone: 91-20-25659413, Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.scorpiustrackers.com/

Sandoval, Enertis

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TAKE ADVICE ENVIROTECH ASIA 2015

Date: 1-3 December, 2015 Place : Gujarat, India Organizer: RADEECAL COMMUNICATIONS Tel : +91 07926401101 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.envirotechasia.com/index.html

RENEWX 2015

Date: 17-18 December 2015 Place : Hyderabad, India Organizer: UBM India Tel : 099404 59444 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.ubmindia.in/renewx/

ELECRAMA 2016

Date: 13-17 February, 2016 Place : Bengaluru, India Organizer: IEEMA Tel : 022-24930532 Email: [email protected] Website: https://elecrama.com/default.html

ENERGY STORAGE INDIA 2015 Date: 8-9 December, 2015 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: Messe Düsseldorf India Tel : +91-0-48550000 Email:[email protected] Website: http://www.esiexpo.in/

Energetica India is the MOST DISTRIBUTED Renewable Energy focussed Power Magazine in India. The magazine is present at almost all of the Power Events in the Country-seminars, conferences, exhibitions, summits, etc. More Reach decreases you Cost to Reach your Target Market Energetica India is a Media Partner to one of the prominent power sector event in 2016 at Bengaluru. Energetica India provides an Exclusive Media Platform for India’s Power companies.

BW BUSINESS WORLD INDIA POWER SUMMIT 2015 Date: 16 December 2015 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: Business World Tel : + 91 9910876068 Email: [email protected] Website: http://bwpowersummit.com/

16TH DELHI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUMMIT

Date: 1-4 February, 2016 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: TERI Tel : +91 11 24682100 Email: [email protected] Website: http://dsds.teriin.org/index.php

WORLD CSR DAY 2016

Date: 17-18 February, 2016 Place : Mumbai India Organizer: World CSR Day Tel : +91-22-26615041 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.worldcsrday.com/

Make your presence through Press Releases, Articles, Case Studies, and Advertisements THE GRIHA SUMMIT 2016

ASIA ENERGY SECURITY SUMMIT 2016

IPTEX & GRINDEX 2016

INDIA SMART GRID WEEK 2016

2ND SMART CITIES INDIA 2016 EXPO

POWER-GEN INDIA & CENTRAL ASIA 2016

SNEC 2016 PV (POWER) EXPO

FROST & SULLIVAN’S SUSTAINABILITY 4.0 AWARDS, 2016

4TH ELEKTROTEC 2016

Date: 18-20 February, 2016 Place : Delhi, India Organizer: TERI Tel : 011-46444500 Email: [email protected] Website: http://grihaindia.org/grihasummit/index. php#home

Date: 15-19 March, 2016 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: India Smart Grid Forum Tel : 011-41030398 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.isgw.in/

Date: 24-26 May, 2016 Place : Shanghai, China Organizer: Shanghai New Energy Industry Association Tel : +86-21-33561096 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.snec.org.cn/Default. aspx?lang=en

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Date: 1-3 March, 2016 Place : Colombo, Sri Lanka Organizer: IPPAI Tel : 011-49556614 Email: [email protected] Website: http://grihaindia.org/grihasummit/index. php#home

Date: 11-13 May, 2016 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: Exhibition India Group Tel : 011-4279 5185 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.smartcitiesindia.com/

Date: 27 May, 2016 Place : Mumbai, India Organizer: Frost & Sullivan Tel : +91 20 40778816 Email: [email protected] Website: http://ww2.frost.com/event/calendar/ sustainability-40-award

Date: 3-5 March, 2016 Place : Mumbai, India Organizer: Virgo Communications and Exhibition (P) Ltd. Tel : 080-25357028 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.iptexpo.com/index.html

Date: 18-20 May, 2016 Place : New Delhi, India Organizer: Pennwell Tel : +91 124 4524 215 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.power-genindia.com/index.html

Date: 15-18 September, 2016 Place : Coimbatore, India Organizer: CODISSIA Tel : 422-2222396 Email: [email protected] Website: http://elektrotec.codissia.com/

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HANNOVER MESSE. Are you ready for the 4th Industrial Revolution? 25 – 29 April 2016 Hannover ▪ Germany hannovermesse.com

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Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages dedicates its 1st Solar Power initiative in Maharashtra Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd has announced the dedication of a100Kilowatts (KW) rooftop solar power plant at its Wada bottling plant in the Palghar district of Maharashtra. The Solar power facility was inaugurated by Mr. Vishnuji Savra, Minister of Tribal Development &Guardian Minister for Palghar District, Government of Maharashtra in the presence of Mr. Durgesh Telang, Zonal Vice President, HCCBPL and other senior dignitaries from the government and the company. This initiative is in line with company’s sustainability agenda wherein it seeks to contribute towards social, economic and environmental progress by fostering the efficient use of natural resources. The solar power facility at the Wada plant is a pilot project having a capacity to generate 100 KW. Speaking on the occasion, Chief Guest – Mr. Vishnuji Savra, Minister of Tribal Development and Guardian Minister of Palghar district, Government of Maharashtra, appreciated the initiative taken by the company .He further added that solar energy is a non-polluting source of power that not only provides energy independence to domestic and commercial consumers but will also ease out the problems of the burgeoning energy demand supply gap. Explaining the pilot project implementation at Wada plant, Mr. Durgesh Telang, Zonal Vice President, HCCBPL, said, “We are extremely pleased to make our first solar installation in

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Maharashtra through this pilot project. Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages initiative to install rooftop solar power panels at its production facility is a sustainable step towards efficient and eco-friendly production”. The Wada solar plant is an off grid plant which is independent of the state electricity board grid and 100% of the power produced is being used for internal operations at the plant. Under the project which began in June 2014, have been installed on the rooftop of the main plant building, which has maximum solar radiation and is expected to generate around 1.4 lacs of units of electricity.

Hartek Power commissions 40-MW substation project Hartek Power Pvt Ltd has announced that it has successfully commissioned a 40-MW substation project on complete EPC basis near Banmore in Morena district of Madhya Pradesh. The project, executed for Amba Shakti Group at a cost of around Rs 7 crore, involved complete design, supply, installation, testing and commissioning of a 132 KV bay government substation and a 132/11 KV pooling station with two 20 MVA transformers. Commenting on the achievement, Mr Hartek Singh, Chairman and Managing Director (CMD), Hartek Group, said, “Much like all our previous as-

signments, we have once again ensured high quality standards and created immense value for our customer in terms of our product and services. In talks with leading solar developers, we are looking at connecting another 100 MW of solar power to the grid soon. Overall, it was a pleasant experience working in Madhya Pradesh.” Hartek Power, which is currently executing various substation orders worth about Rs 60 crore, had recently bagged an order from Azure Power for providing electrification, automation and substation solutions for solar power projects of 113 MW spread across five states.

HHV Solar Technologies Ltd inaugurates 100 MW PV Module Manufacturing Facility at Bangalore HV ST has announced that it has recently completed the full commissioning of their State-of-the Art 100 MW crystalline solar photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing line with advanced Process Automation and German Machinery. HHV ST becomes one of the top quality Solar Module facilities in India with best in class Quality Control measures. The highlights of the new facility are: The 100MW production facility is spread across 40,000 sq. ft. area having class 100,000 clean room environment. The facility has been equipped with maximum

automation and in-line quality control process using multi-stage compliance measures. High precision machinery from leading Global suppliers for faster production of defect free - fully tested PV Modules. All PV modules pass through 100% inline multi-stage EL (Electro Luminescence) Tests to ensure very high quality modules supplied to the end customers. Products comply with international standards – IEC, UL, CEC and MCS-BRE UK certified by TUV Rheinland, UL, Intertek ETL, BRE Global, CEC etc.

HHV ST is an IMS certified company with ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 + Cor 1:2009 and BS OHSAS 18001:2007 Our partial list of leading customers includes BHEL / SunEdison / SWELECT / Bosch / Godrej & Boyce / Mahindra Reva / L&T / Huawei / Rich Phytocare / IITs / Indian Parliament House and many more. HHV ST modules are used in countries like Australia, Canada, Germany, UK and USA until now. As a mark of the new launch HHV ST has bagged a 10 MW SPV project from USA and is committed to ship out by April 2016.

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Azure Power commissions 1st private solar project in the country to power Indo-Pak Border Azure Power has announced that it has commissioned 5MW capacity solar plant in Sarkaritala, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan to electrify the border posts around the region. Azure Power signed a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), the designated agency for implementation of Solar PV Projects for the Solarization of Indo-Pak Borders, to supply power for 25 years. With the commissioning of this project, Azure Power becomes the first private solar power producer in the country to supply

power to border outposts through the solar route under The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission policy. The government can save crores of rupees spent every year on power and diesel used in generators with this free energy. The project was built under extremely harsh environment. The remote location has several sand dunes with constant shifting contours, restricted transportation and tele-connectivity. Considering the complexity of the project, Azure Power delivered the project in a commendable timeframe of two months.

Huawei announces its partnership with Waaree Energies Ltd. in India During the Intersolar India 2015 exhibition and conference held at Mumbai between 18th to 20th November, Huawei Technology Co. Ltd., China has announced its partnership with Waaree Energies Ltd. in India. Waaree Energies Ltd. has placed an order for 100 MW’s of string Inverter and Smart PV solutions on Huawei for its projects in India. Both companies are committed for a long and fruitful association for the India market and provide

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technologically advanced solutions. During the FY 2015-16, Waaree executed some big size, grid tied EPC contracts such as ‘Waaneep’, which is a 50 MW Project in Madhya Pradesh. Another 50 MW Project in Andhra Pradesh would break the ground soon. Waaree also recently executed a 27.5 MW EPC contract in the Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan for Roha Dyechem. Waaree Energies Ltd. is likely to execute EPC contracts of more than 300 MW’s during the current financial year.

Gamesa successfully commissions its First MW Scale Solar Farm in India Gamesa has announced the commissioning of its maiden solar project in India. By Commissioning the 9MW turnkey solar project near Madurai, Tamil Nadu, Gamesa has successfully entered the promising solar territory with the intention of winning similar orders given the new found thrust to achieve more from renewable power. The esteemed customers based out of Tamil Nadu stand to gain from the first MW scale Solar Farm by Gamesa. “We at Gamesa are delighted with the successful commissioning of our first ever solar project in India and are humbled that we got the opportunity to start this journey from our home market Tamil Nadu. We are globally renowned for our expertise and technical prowess in harnessing both sun and wind, and hence our foray into solar has been a natural progression and will be carried out even more meticulously. More so, the support the RE industry has received from the Tamil Nadugovernment with its forward thinking policy has led to consistent growth of renewable energy projects in the State has helped us realise this solar farm within the stipulated timeline much to the satisfaction of our customers. With a strong backing of skilled workforce and unparalleled O&M service net-

work, we are confident of achieving many more MWs in the coming years,” said Mr. Ramesh Kymal, Chairman and Managing Director, Gamesa India. It was in July 2015 that Gamesa, No.1 player in wind turbine manufacturing with a market share of 25 per cent, announced its strategic entry into the solar market, conveying the Company’s decision to offer EPC solutions for MW Scale, Roof-Top projects and Rural/Micro-Grid Projects besides continuing to expand its Inverter Solutions. Speaking on the occasion, Mr.K.V. Sajay, Executive Vice President – Solar Business Unit, Gamesa India added, “The successful commissioning of this project has given us the much needed confidence to continue our concerted efforts in emerging as a strong player in the solar market. Today, as a nation we have harnessed only 4.6 GW of solar power when we actually have tremendous opportunity to harness what is remaining of the 2,100 GW the country has to offer.We consider that this project is our first step towards harnessing this huge opportunity thereby establishing ourselves as a strong solar player as well. We thank all our customers, well - wishers and our family of Key Stakeholders for their support and trust in us.

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INDIA

Intersolar India 2015: India’s largest exhibition & conference for the solar industry ends on high note

The 7th Intersolar India took place from November 18-20, 2015 at Bombay Exhibition Centre in Mumbai. It attracted around 9,500 visitors from the Indian Solar Industry and globally. Intersolar India 2015 witnessed more than 200 exhibitors from India & around the globe. Also, exhibitors from 12 countries demonstrated India’s importance as a solar market Exhibiting companies presented their innovations in the sector of photovoltaic, PV production technologies, solar thermal technologies and energy storage systems. Around 100 experts from research, industry and associations talked about the prospects and challenges for the Indian solar industry at the conference. The presentation of the Intersolar AWARD in the category Solar Projects in India was one of the highlight of the event on its opening day. Exhibitors from 12 countries demonstrated India’s signif-

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icance as a promising solar market. A parallel event alongside Intersolar India, i.e. 4th Indo-German Energy Symposium also added to the major attraction of its opening day. Seminar titled “Solar PV Rooftop-Market Development in India and International Trends” also took place at the Intersolar India, discussing the market for roof-mounted installations in India, the existing financing condition and the developments in self-consumption of solar power. The speakers for the seminar included Tarun Kapoor, Joint Secretary, Indian Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) and Claudia Arce, Director for South Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan of the KfW Development Bank, Germany. Several projects were submitted for the 2015 Intersolar Award under the category “Solar Projects in India”. A panel of distinguished and eminent judges nominated eight finalists out of all the submis-

sions received from different companies. The essential decisive factor for the award was that the submission signifies a capable and revolutionary project with exacting benefits for society and environment. Furthermore, its economic recompense and the scale of technological innovation were also taken into consideration. The following firms and projects were nominated: • Bosch Ltd; Bangalore, India 12MWp Solar Power Plant at Cochin International Airport Limited • Bosch Ltd; Bangalore, India 2.1 MWp Rooftop Solar Power Plant at Bosch Plant, Nashik • Enrich Energy Private Limited; Pune, India 60 MWp Solar PV Park under State Policy in Telangana • Sterling And Wilson Ltd; Mumbai, India 11 MWp Total Turnkey Solar Project in Maharashtra • Trojan Battery Co. LLC; Santa Fe Springs, USA Smart Classrooms for re-

mote and un-electrified villages of India • Trojan Battery Co. LLC; Santa Fe Springs, USA SunRider Solar Boat • Victron Energy B.V.; Almere Haven, Netherlands Afsanah’s Guest House • Vikram Solar Pvt Ltd; Kolkata, India 40 MW Solar Power Facility for IL&FS Energy Development Company Limited The winning projects included: • Bosch Ltd’s 12 MWp Solar Power Plant at Cochin International Airport Limited • Sterling And Wilson Ltd’s 11 MWp Total Turnkey Solar Project in Maharashtra • Trojan Battery’s SunRider Solar Boat Intersolar India 2015 also witnessed successful business proceedings taking place between the exhibiting companies. Power solutions firm Waaree Energies, who exhibited at the event, placed an order for 100 MW of String Inverter and Smart PV solutions to Chinese Huawei Technology for its projects in the country. Intersolar India 2015 ended on high-note, witnessing a huge turnout in form of visitors and companies dropping at the event, gaining the knowledge about the current Indian Solar Market, its importance at global level and encouraging future prospects, and interactions with exhibiting companies, thus making this 3-day symposium a great success. Intersolar India hopes for more successful show with its next edition taking place from October 19-21, 2016.

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Vikram Solar offers 27 years of linear power warranty on its solar modules Vikram Solar has announced that their 60- and 72-cell multi-crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic modules belonging to ELDORA Prime, Ultima, Neo, Grand & Grand Ultima Series will be offered with a Linear Power Warranty upto 27 years across the globe. The warranted power degradation will be 2.5% in the 1st year, about 0.67% yearon-year from 2nd year till 27th year, finally ending with 80.1% of the original power measured under STC conditions, at the end of the 27th year. Vikram Solar has run extended in-house reliability test programs on all the above-mentioned types of modules for

the past one year and collected data on failure mechanisms and substantiated them with established reliability models before they decided to go ahead and announce these “industry leading warranty terms”. Mr. Ivan Saha, President & Chief Technology Officer, Vikram Solar commented on the achievement:”We stand by our commitment to global markets and constantly challenge ourselves to deliver lowest cost of ownership to our global customers. By validating these differentiated and bestin-class warranty terms, our Research &Development team has helped us to position our modules as the natural choice

for long- term investments. Validation of module degradation is a complex process and is dependent on a number of variables like materials and process conditions used for manufacturing, weather conditions across various geographies, impact of long term degradation effects like UV, humidity and temperature, etc.” The Research and Development team at Vikram Solar followed a well-structured process starting with detailed Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) for each stage of design, manufacturing and usage of materials, sub-components and processes. They followed it up with material level test-

TERI and Global Green Growth Institute to work together for inclusive green growth The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) organized High-level Panel Discussion on Green Growth and Development in India, where discussions were held around insights and recommendations at the national level and particularly, in the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to move in the direction of inclusive green growth and sustainable development. In order to understand linkages between development outcomes and green interventions in Himachal Pradesh, the project utilizes three models (climate, soil and water assessment, and power analysis). The study looks at specific challenges

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faced by the state governments of Punjab and HP. The national level modeling assessment projects that one of the development benefits as a result of green growth interventions can be reduced poverty as well as additional employment creation of 117 lakhs, out of which 79 lakhs can be skilled jobs. The national study also highlighted the need for capacity building for implementation and data collection for decision-making related to environmental sustainability. Shri Prakash Javadekar, Hon’ble Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, who addressed the occasion through a video message, emphasized on the need to look at the ‘polluter pays’

principle as one of the ways of tackling climate change, adding that India is ready and forthcoming to be part of the solution for addressing the issue of climate change. Shri Suresh Prabhu, Hon’ble Minister of Railways, who was present at the occasion, emphasized on the importance of creating knowledge in collaboration with government agencies, highlighting that “there is a need for voluntary compliance along with regulatory measures”. He also mentioned the need for process innovations in manufacturing, services and transport sectors to adapt to the changing scenario. Panel discussions focused on the need for considering

ing and life estimation, process modifications with ‘Design for Reliability’ concepts, outdoor testing of modules and finally long duration testing under ‘Highly Accelerated Stress Test’ (HAST) conditions. The results correlated field failure and lifetime test data in a ‘Unified Reliability Model’. It was also noted that under extreme field conditions, Vikram Solar ELDORA multi-crystalline modules behaved much better than what others in the market offer today. Vikram Solar is rolling out this warranty term for all the above product types manufactured and shipped as early as 1st December, 2015.

equity and governance mechanisms with stronger institutions and capacity building at the centre and state levels; and the need for common but differentiated responsibilities and sustainable development goals to be the key drivers for green growth. Dr Suneel Pandey (Director, Green Growth and Resource Efficiency) highlighted the necessity for interdisciplinary integrated assessments for creating policy advocacy. Discussions on finance for green growth in India revolved around introducing policy reform with focus on accessing finance through project proposals especially for state governments. Dr Ajay Mathur (Director General, Bureau of Energy Efficiency) said that there is an urgent requirement for creating demand and sustaining demand for green growth products and initiatives.

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NEWS

INDIA

Renewables Poised to Deliver Climate Solution: IRENA Emission reductions from renewables, coupled with energy efficiency improvements, must be at the heart of any effort to limit global temperature rise to two degrees Celsius, according to a report released today by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). REthinking Energy 2015 – Renewable Energy and Climate, finds that achieving a 36 per cent share of renewable energy by 2030 would result in half of all emission reductions needed to maintain a two degree path-

way. Energy efficiency measures could supply the rest. “The energy sector accounts for more than two-thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions, and therefore must be the focus of climate action,” said Adnan Z. Amin, IRENA Director-General. “Transitioning rapidly to a future fuelled by renewable energy, accompanied by increasing energy efficiency, is the most effective way to limit global temperature rise. This transition is underway but it must be

accelerated if we are to limit global temperature rise to two degrees Celsius.” According to the report, scaling up renewable energy to the level required to meet global climate objectives would contribute to at least 12 of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by increasing energy access, improving quality of life and reducing poverty. The renewable energy sector employs 7.7 million people worldwide, creating more jobs per unit of electricity generated

than coal or natural gas. If a 36 per cent share of renewables is achieved, employment levels could exceed 24 million jobs by 2030. To achieve a 36 per cent share of total energy, the uptake of renewable energy would need to increase six-fold from current levels. This would require that global annual investment nearly double, to exceed USD 500 billion in the period up to 2020, and more than triple to exceed USD 900 billion from 2021 to 2030.

ExxonMobil showcases its lubricant portfolio at EXCON 2015 ExxonMobil Lubricants Private Limited showcased its outstanding lubrication products and solutions for the construction equipment and mining industry at the 8th edition of EXCON held in Bengaluru from 25th–29th November, 2015. ExxonMobil comprehensively elaborated on its safety, environmental care and productivity concept of sustainable development and practical experiences, attracting wide attention from participating companies and representatives. The mining industry is one of the most fundamental components of the industrial landscape and also one of the most challenging from a lubrication standpoint. With industry-leading technology and engineering resources, Mobil Industrial Lubricants offers innovative products and services that help deliver tangible performance and “Advancing Productivity”- related benefits. “Advancing Productivity” focuses on how ExxonMobil’s innovative products and services help deliver tangible performance benefits in the areas

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of safety, environmental care and productivity. Safety: Enhance mining equipment performance and reduce equipment failures and unscheduled downtime, thus lower maintenance requirements and the potential risks in safety of maintenance personnel Environmental Care: Improve energy efficiency of lubricant, reduce oil waste and environmental impact; improve mining equipment performance to strengthen the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources Productivity: Improve mining equipment reliability, extend equipment life and ensure sustainable and efficient production The overall productivity and profitability of a mine site is directly linked to the reliability of equipment and as a result, it is vital that mining operators have equipment’s that function at maximum efficiency, even in extreme conditions. Mining equipment such as excavators, dump trucks, conveyer belts and loaders to name a few, are reliant on a number of lu-

bricants to help them function. Whether it’s an engine oil, gear lubricant, hydraulic fluid or grease, one failure can bring the entire machine operation to a halt. The availability and output of these machines have a direct link to the overall productivity and profitability of a mining site, and operators can gain a competitive advantage by selecting high-performance lubricants. While the primary function of a lubricant is to protect equipment, reduce unscheduled downtime and extend oil drain intervals, advancements in lubricant technology now mean mining companies can select oils and greases which provide outstanding levels of protection as well as other potential benefits such as improved fuel economy. Heavy-duty diesel engine oils, hydraulic oils and greases work hand-in-hand to enable mobile machinery on mining sites to operate effectively. “The mining industry is beginning to recognize that in order to improve productivity, strategies need to be implemented with an operations-wide

approach. Building a comprehensive, solutions-oriented maintenance plan, which takes into consideration the high-quality lubricant technologies and monitoring services that will best help to deliver operation-wide benefits, while reducing overall cost of maintenance, is one major way that mine operators can advance overall productivity of their operations,” said Mr Shankar Karnik, General Manager Industrial, ExxonMobil Lubricants Private Limited. He further added, “By combining the use of high quality lubricants and an effective oil and equipment analysis programme from ExxonMobil, mining operators can look to achieve a competitive advantage in their operations in challenging environments, helping to maximise productivity and reduce the fuel consumption potential of their mining machinery and equipment .Additionally, by reducing scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, the associated safety risks that engineers face when undertaking work can also be eliminated.” energetica

INDIA

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COMPANY PROFILE

Scorpius Trackers

Tracking the Sun. From Dawn to Dusk Competitive bidding in State and Central government programs has created an environment for developers to examine technology solutions for superior generation to boost returns, in comparison to other solar developers. This is where solar tracking can come in help.

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olar tracking is the only proven and bankable technology which increases the power generation of a plant by 18-24% (location and technology dependent), thereby lowering the cost of ‘per unit’ of power generation. This increase in delta translates to a direct profit in a fixed PPA regime. Globally, 85% of solar systems use trackers to enhance generation and Indian developers would substantially benefit through use of our solar tracker system. For example; a 1MW plant, use of trackers could increase power generation from 15 lac units to 18 lacs units. So, for a signed PPA of Rs. 6.49, each MWP will give you additional revenues of 20 lacs p.a. per MWP, or a payback of only 3.5 years in a 25 year plant. Why tracking from Scorpius? All existing trackers use bearings or bushes, for rotating the modules. These components wear over time and require replacement. Expected solar power plant life is >25 years and so all bearings will need to be replaced at least once if not twice. While in operation, bearings require maintenance by way of cleaning and lubrication. O&M is a labour intensive activity for a >1MW field spread across 5 acres and especially expensive in Western markets. Scorpius has a global patent pending Frictionless Pivot for solar tracking. This is a product in which tracking movement from East to West is achieved by bend-

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Solar Project in the state of Telangana, India using Scorpius Solar Trackers.

ing of materials. This is a 100% frictionless movement and exhibits no wear and tear. There is also no resistance due to friction. The construction is designed for zero maintenance and zero lubrication for the life of the plant.

Globally, 85% of solar systems use trackers to enhance generation and Indian developers would substantially benefit through use of our solar tracker system

Advantages of Scorpius solar trackers • NO mechanical Maintenance / lubrication required for LIFE • LEAST power consumption for tracking : < 0.02% (300 kWh per MW per annum estimated) • NO Welding during installation, only bolts • ONE module is sufficient to power up a 200kW tracker block • BALANCED structures singe manual tracking of 100kw • INTEGRATED BATTERY in controller is sufficient for tracker movement for 5 days • TURN ON and START mode: NO user configuration necessary energética

INDIA

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COMPANY PROFILE

Solar Project in Palestine using Scorpius Solar Trackers.

overshoot. This also reduces the overall power consumption of the tracker plant.

Solar Project in Uganda, Africa using Scorpius Solar Trackers.

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500kW SINGLE tracker block possible depending on land availability and contours

Some of the technology differentiators Back Tracking – Avoids the shading of the rows of PV modules on the shaded side – depending on time of day. This is a very advanced and proprietary algorithm and takes into account the spacing and module size. This ALSO takes into account the Azimuth of the sun and adjusts the tracker tilt based on the solar azimuth. Tracker stowing at wind speeds – The tracker reduces its presented cross section to the wind in case of increase in the wind speed beyond 100 kmph (user programmable), thereby reducing the force on the tracker mechanical structure. The anemometer continuously sends the wind speed to the tracker where an algorithm calculates when the stowing is required. Electronics – Has been tested at -40o C to +110 o C temperature range. The electronics has an operating range of 0o C to 50o C. All the boards have a conformal coating on it and are designed to resist damage due to condensation. Lowest power consumption – The tracker is designed to move a well balanced system and the power consumption of the entire system is very low - typically less than 0.02% of the energy generated by a plant situated in a good location. Multiple power source options – The power supply unit is capable of using multiple energetica

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Scorpius has a global patent pending Frictionless Pivot for solar tracking. This is a product in which tracking movement from East to West is achieved by bending of materials power sources. In the current tracker 415 / 230 VAC can be used to run the tracking system with the peak load being 250W on a single tracker. Control Algorithms – The tracker functions on well-tuned PID algorithms. This makes the system smoothly position itself between two positions without excessively stressing the mechanical structure or causing any

Scorpius Trackers is poised for a >1000 MW Tracker Supply 2016, knowing that Trackers will enable developers to increase profitability even with declining tariffs

Scorpius Trackers Established in the year 2012, Scorpius Trackers Pvt Ltd promoted by the team at Chroma Systems & Chroma Energy is a one stop shop offering an end-to-end tracking solution that includes hardware, tracker controller and structure designs. It aims to the world’s foremost solar tracking solutions provider, with a distinctive mechanical and software tracking solution, which enables its users to attain the lowest cost of power generation per installed kWhr/kWp. • Scorpius Trackers is poised for a >1000 MW Tracker Supply in 2016, knowing that Trackers will enable developers to increase profitability even with declining tariffs. • Scorpius has installed over 300 trackers and structures for solar pumping, roof top and other distributed system applications. Manufacturing Capacity of Scorpius Trackers • At present, Scorpius has a manufacturing capacity of 500MW per annum with plans to expand this to 1500MW. • Supply chain efficiencies are being achieved by setting up Vendors in USA and China, in addition to multiple vendors in India. Scorpius AchievementsScorpius tracker manufacturer has noticeable presence outside India as well. • In the year 2013, Scorpius Trackers became India’s largest supplier of off-grid trackers • In 2014, Scorpius received orders for its Trackers from Africa and USA • In 2015, Scorpius installed Trackers in Palestine and Japan

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INTERVIEW

Mr. Peeyush Gupta

Director – Sales and Marketing, UL

“GreenPro certification helps in the selection of the right products, materials and technologies for construction of green buildings irrespective of the Green building certification programme the organization follows” Energetica India speaks to Mr. Peeyush Gupta, Director – Sales and Marketing, UL to learn about UL’s services & achievements in India and also about CII’s GreenPro, a Green Product Certification.

ENERGETICA INDIA: Please let our readers know some of UL’s achievements in field of renewable energy, energy efficiency and smart cities in and outside India? MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: UL offers a suite of services that helps owner operators, developers, financiers, EPC’s, insurers and manufactures manage risks associated with building and operating a PV plant or a wind farm. We help manage risks by providing technical information and data for energy yield assessments, technical due diligence and measurements and inspection. Our extensive and flexible service portfolio covers needs that include project planning, construction, ongoing operation and maintenance. UL works to advance global sustainability by supporting the growth and development of en-

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vironment friendly products, services and organizations. As we move towards building smart cities, we embrace newer technologies. Through our work over the last 120 years, we have pioneered an approach to address the risk that is inherent in progress. We make new technologies functional, reliable and safe.UL’s role in Smart Cities is taking safety and quality to the next level, by taking a lead role in getting industry stakeholders together and agreeing on minimum standards for smart buildings, networks, transactions and other elements of a smart city. ENERGETICA INDIA: What kind of projects is UL currently working on the above mentioned fields in India?

MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: UL is committed to assisting Indian manufacturers in their efforts to develop energy-efficient, safer and more reliable products. The expanding Indian economy is fuelling rapid growth in energy use, calling for increase in generation capacity alongside efforts to conserve energy. Energy-efficient appliances and products are essential in optimizing available energy resources. UL’s investment in the energy efficiency testing labs is testimony to our support of government efforts in safeguarding our environment while enabling economic growth. UL is one the first companies to work closely with Indian Renewable energy industry with a fully equipped laboratory for testing PV equipment’s and low voltage switchgears. The UL PV Centre of Excelenergetica

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INTERVIEW

lence in Bangalore is the largest PV test facility in the country accredited by National Accreditation Body for Laboratories (NABL) and is approved by MNRE, TEDA, UPNEDA, GEDA and several other government agencies like BIS, BEE, RDSO and TEC.UL also offers third party inspection services to the energy sector starting from PV power plant verification to power performance verification of wind farms. Recently UL launched its highly specialized Solar Water Pump testing facility in Bangalore, India. Equipped with highly sophisticated and robust test equipment, the facility is approved by MNRE to conduct testing of solar PV water pumps to be used in agricultural irrigation purposes within the country.The PV array simulator technology at UL drastically reduces the testing time to a single day. UL also has a dedicated energy efficiency testing laboratory at Manesar, Gurgaon. The independent laboratory provides energy efficiency and performance testing for Indian manufacturers in line with the Star labeling program of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. The 18,000-sqft.-lab isthe first in India equipped with state-of-the-art testing, verification, design and product development facilities to help manufacturers in the LED lighting and HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) industries develop and test energy-efficient, betterperforming and safer products. UL is well equipped to help manufacturers adhere to BEE stipulations by providing a range of testing and certification processes. UL helps regulatory bodies like the Bureau of energy efficiency (BEE), EESL, and Municipal Utility Corporations in not only understanding the regulatory framework but also in developing the implementation mechanism for those regulations. ENERGETICA INDIA: What kind of opportunities do you see for UL in India’s journey towards smart cities encompassing energy efficiency and renewable energy? MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: As cities embrace new technologies, they will need to find a balance between benefiting from these innovations and managing new safety, security, privacy and performance risks. UL will play a vital role in promoting renewable energy in the smart city project energetica

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«UL is committed to assisting Indian manufacturers in their efforts to develop energy-efficient, safer and more reliable products» and would ensure quality smart grids that will be a part of smart city plans for supply of renewable energy like solar and wind power. With safety and security being extremely critical for any smart-city project, UL in India is all set to get aligned with the Government and key stakeholders to work together and take this initiative to completion. ENERGETICA INDIA: What kind of role is UL playing in India’s first expected smart city at Visakhapatnam? MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: UL is going to play a definitive role in realizing India’s smart-city dream. In the urban development projects UL can validate, test, inspect, and conduct audits on various safety standards of the buildings that come up in Vizag. In addition, UL can also help ensure the security of a multipurpose card, a key characteristic of the smart-city concept that will be used by citizens in their daily activities. UL is also implementing all-purpose cardsglobally across various cities which can be used as a metro card as well as in grocery stores. ENERGETICA INDIA: UL has joined CII’s GreenPro, a Green Product Certification, as a knowledge partner. Please let our readers know more about GreenPro and UL’s role in this. MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: GreenPro certification is designed in such a fashion that it evaluates how green is a product at elemental level and goes deeper into the true aspect of sustainability. It helps in the selection of the right products, materials and technologies for construction of green buildings irrespective of the Green building certification programme the organization follows. Green certification is at two levels – products that go into making the build-

ing and the building itself. For a building to be green, it’s also necessary that the elements that go in to it must also be green. UL is the knowledge partner and supports GreenPro in product standard development. A third party validation based on life cycle assessment approach builds credibility of the product and provides a level playing field helping manufacturers to look at products in a holistic approach. It helps architects and builders choose products with confidence. ENERGETICA INDIA: Please share your thoughts on solar reaching grid parity in India MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: The solar space has already seen a significant decline in tariffs. India Ratings expects a strong pick-up in solar power installations over the next 4-5 years, driven both by the government impetus of 100 GW of solar power by 2021-22 (60 GW through grid connected solar projects) and a decline in solar power generation costs. These factors will increase the affordability of solar power for distribution companies and eliminate the requirement of government support by way of subsidies or viability gap funding (VGF); however with the decline in cost there should be a caution for reliable high quality equipment use and maintenance. ENERGETICA INDIA: Please elaborate on the testing solutions offered by UL to India’s solar market MR. PEEYUSH GUPTA: UL offers an entire range of services to the power sector that includes testing and certification of photovoltaic equipments, low voltage switchgears, wind turbines, wind farms, energy efficiency testing for LED and HVAC equipments. Our flexible component testing options can help determine which components optimize the energy efficiency of a product. UL tests products to a broad range of energy efficiency standards, including the following: NRCan, CEC, ENERGY STAR®, DOE, CRRC, CONUEE, ErP, and MEPS. We have EPA-recognized testing laboratories around the world that can perform qualification and verification testing on 37 ENERGY STAR® product categories and we are an EPA-recognized certification body for 39 product categories

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INTERVIEW

Mr. Aaditya R Dhoot

Organising Committee Chairman of ELECRAMA

“With over 100 countries participating, thousands of latest products and solutions on display and almost every topic of electricity covered, ELECRAMA 2016 is all set to become the World Electricity Forum” Energetica India talks to Mr. Aaditya R Dhoot, Organising Committee Chairman of ELECRAMA on ELECRAMA 2016. ENERGETICA INDIA: Please introduce Energetica India readers to ELECRAMA? AADITYA DHOOT: It is a premier show of Indian Electrical Sector and is the World’s largest confluence of the power transmission and distribution community. Held biennially since 1990 in India, the eleventh edition ELECRAMA-2014 hosted 970 exhibitors from India and across the world and also attracted 100,000+ footfalls into the exhibition. In the last two decades ELECRAMA as an exhibition featured the biggest names in the global electrical T&D industry, to which it serves as the perfect launch vehicle to introduce latest products and technology. ELECRAMA showcases products and technology through the entire voltage spectrum, from 220 V to 1200 kV, conforming to global standards and specifications. A large number of business and technology partnerships are also transacted during the 5 day period giving it a must attend event status amongst global exhibitions. ELECRAMA visitors consist of a wide spectrum of industry stakeholders, offering them an international framework for

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display, discussions and deliberations. It brings together manufacturers and suppliers to interface with key customer segments like private and public transmission and distribution utilities, EPCs, Consultants and specifiers, members of the government and policy makers. It also brings together global thought leaders in the electrical transmission and distribution sector consisting of industry leaders, engineering professionals & technologists, professionals and academia, et al through high power panel discussions, premier conferences, technical workshops, tutorials and seminars held concurrently with the exhibition. ELECRAMA also hosts international diplomatic and trade visitor delegations from various countries and large country pavilions from leading manufacturing nations from around the world. ENERGETICA INDIA: What is the focus of ELECRAMA 2016? AADITYA DHOOT: With over 100 countries participating, thousands of latest products and solutions on display and almost every topic of electricity covered,

ELECRAMA 2016 is all set to become THE WORLD ELECTRICITY FORUM. This edition of ELECRAMA is officially supported by Ministry of Power, Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises, Ministry of Commerce & Industry and Ministry of Communication & IT. We are also buoyed to have Government of Karnataka’s endorsement, once again as the ‘Host state’. ELECRAMA 2016 will for the first time feature “WORLD UTILITY SUMMIT”, a unique global platform like no other. This ‘By Invitation Only’, event is ‘of the utilities, for the utilities and by the utilities’. CXOs of more than 50 global utilities are being invited to participate in the two day summit to interact with CXOs of Indian utilities and share their experiences and best practices.‘Network to Net worth’ [N to N] is another new interesting and necessary addition to ELECRAMA 2016.N to N is planned for creating awareness about the huge investment and JV opportunities in the Indian electrical sector for both Global and domestic investors. A two-day POWER ROUND TABLE is being organized by the Ministry of Power, of energetica

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INTERVIEW

Energy Secretaries of State Governments and CMDs of State Utilities & Central PSUs. ENERGETICA INDIA: How important is it for Ujjwal Discom Assurance Yojana of the Central Government to implemented and successful? What kind of outcome are you expecting? AADITYA DHOOT: It is a very positive step as this programme would focus on increasing productivity, decreasing costs and enhancing fiscal discipline by involving states directly. UDAY will also help the banking sector, as banks too cannot hold such large non-performing loans. The industry is determined to support the government; however the key thing would be to tackle losses as a consequence of power theft and unsustainable direct subsidies. IEEMA already has a program to reach out to the distribution companies and aid them with technical solutions for complex problems related to mitigating loses and enhancing revenues.

Overall a very positive move, it would be important to have the right people and process in place for its correct implementation. As a result of this scheme, losses will be transferred to states and they should be able to sustain it ENERGETICA INDIA: What kind of business opportunities exist for Indian power sector players in markets outside India? How does Elecrama team assist here? AADITYA DHOOT: Every ELECRAMA gives something different. This time it’s World Utility Forum which is a unique concept where we will try to get the top utilities of the world to come and choose relevant topics with regard to what the world is facing in terms of power generation, transmission and distribution.There is a huge export opportunity waiting to be tapped for Indian manufacturers of electrical equipment. Developing countries across the globe are focusing on electrification to meet rising aspirations of their people.

Even in developed countries, there is an increasing demand for electrical equipment for renovation and modernization of their ageing electricity networks. Simultaneously with the “Make in India” campaign taking shape we are expecting a significant rise in international exhibitors this time in ELECRAMA ENERGETICA INDIA: How do you see the Indian power sector progressing over the next 3-5 years? AADITYA DHOOT: The size of the industry is valued at around $28 billion; a fourth of which is made up of power generation equipment. The rest comes from transmission and distribution. The industry provides direct employment to about 500,000 people and indirectly to about 1 million. We, as a country, are aspiring to increase the output of the electrical equipment industry to $100 billion by 2022 and become a destination of choice for overseas producers of such equipment

INDIA

India’s Power and Renewable Energy Sector Focused Digital Guide Energetica India Guide Highlights Over 31 Categories within the Power Sector Widely used for Product / Services search by Buyers Classification based on Global Markets also Takes Buyers directly to the required Product Page Seller Contact Details visible to the Buyer Promoted on Energetica India and EcoConstruction India Easy & Quick Process

guide.energetica-india.net

energetica

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15 For any questions on the subject, please send email to [email protected]

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SOLAR POWER

Pilot project in Namibia. Since June 2015, a farm has only been using photovoltaic power for irrigation.

ROLAND SIMON & JOHANNA GEBHARDT DIGITAL FACTORY DIVISION OF SIEMENS AG

Paths in the new energy world The solar specialist IBC SOLAR, at home in Bad Staffelstein, Germany, together with Siemens, is all set to help farmers with an innovative photovoltaic solution that reliably and cost effectively pumps water using solar power. The winning formula: Standardization, modularization and globally recognized quality – Made in Germany.

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hether in areas without any access to electric power, or in regions with significantly fluctuating power supplies – just as before, many millions of diesel-generator sets are used to irrigate farmland around the globe. Generally, water is pumped into distributed, elevated tanks from where it is fed by gravity to irrigate the plants at an optimum time, i.e. generally overnight. Ideal combination Photovoltaic solutions without batteries are the ideal choice for these types of systems. During the day, pumps operate with solar power and at night water leaves the tanks under gravity. Specialists from IBC SOLAR (Bad Staffelstein, Germany) and Siemens

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(in Erlangen, Germany) have jointly developed a solution that allows valuable diesel fuel to be reduced to almost zero, which makes a lot of economic as well as ecological sense. The core of the solar pump concept is to keep the existing pumps as well as the complete infrastructure, and to just replace the diesel-generator set by a photovoltaic system exactly tailored to the performance parameters of the pump. And it is precisely here where the skill sets of the two partners almost ideally complement one another: IBC SOLAR can dimension the photovoltaic systems to exactly provide the required power – taking into account detailed solar radiation data of the installation site. The complete systems are then installed by technical partners

around the globe. Siemens’ contribution is to provide the appropriate frequency converters for the overall system, including Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). MPPT ensures that the maximum available power can be drawn from the photovoltaic array, which represents a decisive advantage when dimensioning the system. Consequential use of standard components As a result of the mixed experience that many customers had with favorably-priced complete solutions from Asia, when developing the solar pump, the solar and Siemens consciously selected an open concept based on well-proven standard components. These systems can be simenergética

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SOLAR POWER

An IBC SOLAR photovoltaic system with Sinamics S120 converter is the core of the pilot system.

ply maintained, and in the case of a major problem, easily replaced locally on-site by qualified technical partners. “The success of our concept essentially depends on the reliability, long service life and maintenance friendliness of the components that we use – which is reflected in the fact that we have very high quality demands”, added Dieter Miener, Technical Applications Engineer with IBC solar (see photo). Pilot system in Namibia Both companies were able to impressively prove that this concept functions perfectly when they commissioned a pilot system in Namibia at the beginning of June 2015. The pilot system, comprising solar photovoltaic modules with a power of up to 17.68 kWp and a converter SINAMICS S120 with integrated MPPT, permanently replaced an 11 kVA diesel generator set on a farm in Namibia. This not only facilitated an environmentally friendly drop-type irrigation for the plants that is reliable (which is especially important), but it also meant that nearly 30 liters of diesel are saved every day. In Namibia, diesel fuel is not subsidized by the government, and costs farmers 1.30 US dollars per liter. “We are expecting that our customers can have a energetica

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“With a diesel fuel price of US $1.3 per liter, we are expecting our customers to have a payback time of three years when investing in these solar pumps” Dieter Miener from IBC Solar

payback time of three years when investing in these solar pumps,” explained Dieter Miener. Decisive Reliability In order to maintain the availability of the solar pumps – and therefore the reliability of the water supply over long periods of time – those responsible in IBC Solar place a lot of emphasis on the highest possible degree of preassembly in Germany and a network of local specialist partners. Dieter Miener: “In principle, we dimension the system here in Upper Franconia, and supply the PV modules as well as the completely equipped electrical cabinets to local specialist partners who we continually qualify. These partners then install and support the solar pump system. Even though the systems are always tailored to address each specific demand,

the solar expert is planning to stock three classes of electrical cabinet power ratings – 3 kW, 7.5 kW and 15 kW. “This means we are addressing three standard power classes of diesel-generator sets that we wish to replace. Using our converters, ratings up to 90 kW would also be possible” explained Michael Flögel, sales manager with Siemens in Bayreuth. What are the next steps? As a result of the positive experience gained in Namibia and with another pilot system in Spain, IBC Solar is immediately planning to market the solution through specialist partners in target markets in Africa, as well as South and Central America. Further, over the medium term, they are also planning to address markets other than agriculture. For example in the areas of fish farming, wastewater and tourism. Miener also explained that over the long term it would be conceivable to develop hybrid systems with the primary objective of reducing the fuel usage of existing diesel-generator sets, because: “Photovoltaic power always has a more favorable cost position than power generated using diesel generator sets. For the environment, and for the investor.”

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SOLAR POWER

ENERGETICA INDIA

PV TAIWAN 2015 - Visit Report Energetica India was the only renewable energy magazine from India to be invited to the prestigious show of PV Taiwan 2015. Energetica India brings back the details of the show and the details of the companies it met during the visit.

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V Taiwan is one of Asia’s leading international Photovoltaic exhibitions, making the event an ideal sourcing hub for the global market. It fields the latest & advanced R&D breakthroughs and products that shape the future. The event was held at Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center, Taipei City from October 14th to October 16th, 2015. The exhibitors included companies involved in• PV Materials Silicon • Wafers / Ingots • Solar Cells / HCPV • PV Modules / BIPV • Power Generator Systems • Processing Equipment • Evaluation / Testing / Analysis • Storage Batteries/systems • Solar Application Products • Thermal Products/System The exhibiting pavilions incorporated• PV Cells / Modules / Systems • Equipment & Materials Pavilion • The PV System Pavilion • The HCPV Pavilion • The Slurry Process & Application Pavilion • Energy Storage Pavilion • Testing & Certification Pavilion

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Cross- Strait Pavilion The show witnessed around 365 booths with 278 local booths and 126 international booths. 278 local companies exhibited with number of visitors being close to 15,000. PV Taiwan 2015 hosted many of the biggest players in the solar PV manufacturing and installation Industry from Taiwan and around the world. Among the major manufacturers present were Taiwan’s leading solar cell maker Neo Solar Power Corporation (NSP) as well as TSEC which celebrated its latest IPO. Companies like Winaico, Gigasolar, AUOptronics and Big Sun Energy Technology Inc. along with smaller players like Power Master Technology Corp. and a host of others also exhibited at the event. PV Taiwan unfolds at the heart of the Asia-Pacific Region, a region where production and markets are soaring as they are passed the torch from Europe. Taiwan PV comes just in time as impetus shifts east. This opens the best access to Asia. When it comes to solar, PV Exhibition leads the way. PV Taiwan Forum 2015 was also held during the Exhibition, discussing in depth topics such as international market trends, energy storage, smart grid, advanced pro-

duction technology, and PV systems, to benefit companies in photovoltaic industry interested in entering blue ocean markets. Taiwan’s PV industry has been through rapid progress in recent years, with the result being that the entire industry supply chain was established and the industry cluster was strengthened. The annual capacity of the solar cell industry has made Taiwan come to the no.2 slot in the list of leading five solar cell manufacturing countries around the globe by shipping around 10 GW of solar cells. Of all the PV suppliers in Taiwan, there’s a trend of suppliers gathering in the science parks to exploit the synergy and collaboration of the vertically integrated clusters. For now, most of the PV companies gather in Hsin-Chu Science Park and Southern Taiwan Science Park. The two science parks contribute more than 60% of the total production value in Taiwan. Taiwan faces the challenge from US & European sanctions on Chinese solar panels, which has distorted the global solar supply chain, leading to inefficient value chains and carrying out research operations on arising new loopholes. Although, antidumping and anti-subsidy measures have cooled the output of polysilicon ingots and PV modules, China’s augmented domestic demand for solar energy has propped up demand from Taiwan. Taiwanese solar cells companies are at present actively searching for new manufacturing locations; where they will shift equipments form their factories in Taiwan. While the photovoltaics industry is still relying on subsidies, Taiwan’s PV industry is expected to report a NT$184.8 billion output for 2015. The market has slowed as subsidies are cut in many countries. PV Taiwan 2015 saw an encouraging turnout of several Asian countries and parenergética

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ticipants visiting the event as exhibitors and also, as prospective buyers present there, scouting for new local Taiwanese solar suppliers. The event also witnessed presence of his Excellency Ma Ying-Jeou, President of the Republic of China, who addressed the gathering on the opening day, thus welcoming the industry to PV Taiwan 2015. He stated that, Taiwan has risen to the status of being a premiere country in terms of solar cell providers, with its best-in class technology engagement and competitive pricing. He also emphasised on the importance of engaging solar energy as one of the renewable energy available in abundance, which can be put into use through, continuous R&D in terms of technology for harnessing the solar power and make the best use of it for the development of better and energised future. He acknowledge the fact, the world requires to look for new ways to exploit renewable energy and cut down on the dependence on non-conventional energy, which affects the environment and also adding to global warming. “Overcoming several market hurdles, Taiwan’s solar cell exports are expected to grow due to continued demand from the Chinese domestic market”, according to Brian Lee, deputy executive director at TAITRA. Taiwan Solar Industry- Overview Taiwan boasts of booming industry in solar sector. Due to availability of abundant sun, vast amount of land and proactive government policies in place, the Taiwan Solar Sector has flourished. It resorted to encourage use of renewable energy in the year 2009. • Taiwan PV industry ranks number two worldwide for PV solar cell production with 8,3GW production volume in 2013 and 42% growth rate in 2013 energetica

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Taiwan has an inclusive PV industry supply chain. • Develop high efficiency and low cost technology is the key strategy that has enhanced competiveness in Taiwan solar sector • There are over 160 companies in the solar industry • There is an strong PV Supply Chain in Taiwan • The total capacity comes upto 10GW (out of which 62% comes from solar cell) • Bureau of Energy, Taiwan has formulated diverse action policies for promotion of Renewable Energy, and particularly solar energy in the country. • The competitive advantages of Taiwanese electronics firms have facilitated the rapid developments to the solar photovoltaic industry • The Taiwanese solar photovoltaic industry has been developing for the past 25 years and built up a complete industrial value chain • Taiwanese firms have become the foremost global suppliers of the solar photovoltaic products for the three reasons: (1) Stable product quality (2) Mature technologies (3) Rational pricing • The Taiwanese solar cell industry possesses research and development (R&D) abilities and demonstrate significant international competitiveness • The strength of the Taiwanese semiconductor industry has been beneficial to the developments of its solar photovoltaic industry. • In the Taiwanese solar photovoltaic industry, around 80% to 90% production capacities are engaged by the solar cell firms Taiwanese government has set the solar photovoltaic industry as the budding industry for prioritized support and promoted the

“Green Energy Development Plan” to increase the development of the green energy industry. In 2009, this plan was approved as the “Renewable Energy Development Bill”. In 2010, renewable energy feed-in tariff rates were recognized, since market price and investment incentive are the prevailing factors that affect market recognition of solar energy installation in Taiwan. Taiwan solar PV market has enormous opportunity to expand in terms of solar cells, modules and panels production and new solar power projects. The country’s domestic solar PV market has revealed thrust in the past as government supported small scale and large scale commercial projects. Taiwan’s government escalated its installation goals from 220 MW at the commencement of the year to 500 MW, but at the same time reports also show that solar FiTs are going to be reduced an estimated 10%. The total installation capacity for rooftop PV systems and PV power-generating stations established in Taiwan in the year 2015 is estimated to reach 150-200 MWp compared to goal of 500 MW set by the government. Energetica had an opportunity to interact with some of the major players in the Taiwan solar industry exhibiting at PV Taiwan 2015. Energetica India brings the highlights of the same.

GIGASTORE SOLAR MATERIAL CORP. Taiwan-based conductive paste producer Giga Solar Materials Corp., a subsidiary of Taiwanese optoelectronic materials and silicon products provider Gigastore Corp is engaged in manufacturing of major products for solar sector. In the solar field, GSMC has 2 major solar power plant of 25MW each in Japan. It also provides around 40 tonnes of conductive paste for solar panel every year in Japan. In Taiwan, it has a solar power plant of 7MW along with providing material for the same. GSCM has 2 manufacturing hub in Taiwan, while 1 in China. The total capacity of all manufacturing hub is close to 6.8GW. They are also convinced of the fact that, with proactive policies in present time in solar sector, the market has a strong business potential in future. When ask about the opportunities in India, they asserted that, they foresee a great potential in India’s steadily building up solar

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market. With China and Japan entering the Indian solar sector, with 200GW of solar power plant, the market in India is conceived as business-friendly. GSMC also stated that, they are in process of entering Indian market with special projects in areas of efficiency, solar cells and solar power plants.

NEOSOLAR POWER CORPORATION Neo Solar Power Corporation, founded in December, 2005, is a leading solar cell manufacturer specialising in R&D and manufacturing of high-efficiency solar cells and modules. As a pioneer in combining semiconductor manufacturing discipline and seasoned solar technology development, NSP aims to keep leading the way in the transformation of PV energy into a competitive, pervasive and long-lasting energy source for mankind. While sitting on over 2.2GW of solar cell capacity, the majority of it is in Taiwan & China. They process 400MW of solar merger & 100MW of system integration with skill capacity of 2GW. Working towards global footprints, they have shipped around 7GW of solar cell. NSP also has projects in Japan & United Kingdom in progress. NSP believes that solar market will continue to grow due to several active factors. There will be a double digit growth in the revenue from solar market. The focus is on our competitive advantage in terms of continuous R&D in areas of technology and enhancement in skill set for the same. When ask about India as potential solar market, NSP states that, we have close ties with India in terms of solar cell manufacturing. The market in India is growing rapidly, as solar energy is important for India and its development. We have few projects in pro-

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gress in India, with one in state of Gujarat in collaboration with local project developers. We are really excited and want to stay in touch regarding the Indian solar market.

SYMENTEK AUTOMATION ASIA Symentek Automation Asia is a leading automation provider with offices throughout Greater China and the Asia Pacific region. One driver behind ASL’s growth is the commitment to provide one-stop information technology services, including applications and software development; consultancy; systems integration; maintenance support; help desk service; managed services; training; security assessment; and managed security services. ASL currently serves renowned companies in telecommunications, transportation, financial services, and many other areas, as well as small and medium enterprises (SMEs), public sector organizations and education. They produce IT machinery for solar industry, specialising in PV Module Complete Automation (loading & unloading of cells). Symentek’s Intra-Logistics System has been proved to essential and advantageous to the solar industry. 20% of the entire revenue of Symentek Automation Asia comes from solar sector. Symentek shifted its focus to solar sector in the year 2014. They assert that the willingness to invest in automation by the solar has amplified as compared to past few years. It is due to elevation in technology and to automate the process of loading and unloading solar cells to diminish human errors has led to a boom in the requirement of standard and highly-advanced automation. Though there is a sizeable investment in automation, but it does pays back with revenue turnover for the solar cell manufacturer.

The solar cell automation leads to zero brokerage of solar cell, cutting down on human errors too, and saving time which in returns witnesses an increase in revenue for the solar cell producers. Automation is the key for solar cell. Symentek Automation Asia forecast total revenue of 500 million USD in 2015 from its automation segment for solar sector. When ask about the automation services for India Solar Market, they stated that, “India is a potential market for us. Due to availability of manpower in abundance and dilemma of whether to invest or not among the Indian solar cell manufacturers has held us back. Relaxation of financing, smooth inflow of capital and willingness to invest in automation by Indian solar cell manufacturers will definitely interest us to venture into India.

GINTUNG ENERGY CORPORATION Gintung Energy Corporation, a solar cell and module manufacturer was established by group of like-minded individuals from different backgrounds. In 2005, Green Energy Technology made an investment in Gintech Solar Cell Manufacturer. Therefore, it is now known as Gintung Energy Technology. It commenced its production in 2006. Within two months of commencement, Gintung achieved a yield rate and an average conversion efficiency that were the highest in the industry. It became the world’s largest solar cell plant in one single building in 2009. Additional capacity of 300MW was added at another site at the end of 2011. Its total production comes to 320M, with annual revenue of 12 million USD. It is the 1st company to receive GUV Certificate in Taiwan. They have around 41 products, which are offered for the solar industry. Its products are distributed to customers in Germany, Spain, Italy, other European countries, USA, India, China, Japan, Korea and other Asian countries.

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It also exports more that 95% of its products to overseas markets; with 15-20% of the sales coming from Europe. When ask about how it sees India as a potential Solar cell market, they said that, “ we see India as an important market due to recent policy elevations in the country in regards to solar industry. It has opened up another platform for overseas solar cell manufacturers to enter the Indian market with much ease and conduct business. The ‘Make in India’ initiative is an interesting concept and in regards to solar sector, we would like to be an active participant of the mission. We have already partnered with AL Group in India. We are working towards various new projects to set up in India in upcoming times”

SINO ENERGY Sino Gas & Energy has operated in Beijing since 2005 and holds a portfolio of unconventional gas assets in China through Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs). SGE holds a 64.75% interest in the Linxing PSC and is partnered with CUCBM. SGE holds a 49% interest in Sanjiaobei PSC and is partnered PetroChina CBM. SGE has a 100% working interest during the exploration phase of the PSC, with SGE’s PSC partners being entitled to back-in upon Overall Development Plan (ODP) approval, by contributing development and operating costs in line with their PSC interest. The PSC’s are located in Shanxi province, North China, in the Ordos Basin and cover an area of over 3,000 km2 and are prospective for coal bed methane and tight gas. Sino Gas announced first pipeline pilot sales from both PSCs on December 1, 2014. It is a pure Independent Power Producer with 200 grid-connected PV plants. It is also a distributed solar power developer & manager for around 236 sites in China, with majority of energy being imported by Taiwan. They stated that Taiwan started FiT in the year 2010 with 50 cent USD/kW and solar power development in the year 2012. Since the initiation, Taiwan has come a long way in terms of solar power capacity addition. The current target for the year 2015 is 500MW. Sino Energy is working with Tier-1 suppliers of PV Modules. They are also closely working with enhancing the quality of PV Modules manufactured in Taiwan. energetica

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In regards to enhancement of quality of PV modules, Sino Energy has started SinoCost- its in-house proprietary monitoring technology. The SinoCost is also capable of producing forecast of amount of electricity that can be produced each day through PV Modules taking into consideration the health of the modules. When ask about venturing into Indian Solar Market, they asserted that, the key to enter the Indian Solar Market would be through PPA (public-private association). We have yet not thought of entering the Indian market, but even if we do, it will be only when we find a company to purchase power from us, then we might tie-up with them and help them with setting up of Solar PV plant in India. Thanks to the new government and its policies, along with availability of sun and open spaces in India, the country is an important market for us, which we would like to venture into in the near future.

HERAEUS PHOTOVOLTAICS The Heraeus Photovoltaics Business Unit is an industry leading developer and manufacturer of metallization pastes for the photovoltaic industry. Heraeus has been a manufacturer of thick film pastes for over 40 years. It has been an innovative supplier to the photovoltaics industry, working with c-Si cell manufacturers to improve their cells’ efficiency for both conventional and advanced cell designs. Its strength is their ability to work with our customers to understand their technology goals and develop pastes that optimize their technologies’ performance. They have developed silver metallization pastes that have been integrated into commercially available technologies such as Selective Emitter, Advanced Uniform Emitter, N-Type, Back Side Passi-

vation, Double Print, Dual Print and pastes for other advanced cell designs and deposition technologies. They have also expanded their capabilities and developed lower temperature processing pastes for Thin Film and other c-Si technologies. Its goal is to improve their customers’ cell efficiency and reduce their cell’s cost per watt through their innovative paste design technologies. Heraeus Photovoltaic made an announcement of opening of its new local paste production hub in Taiwan at PV Taiwan 2015. It states that the paste has a secret recipe and the company guards this recipe to stay unique in the industry. Initially, company was hesitant to bring it to Taiwan, but later, after witnessing a huge demand for the same, they decided to open local production hub for the same for the Taiwanese Solar sector, making them the second company to do so. Every sand maker has a different paste, thus customization is an important part of each production. For the same, they have an R&D center in Taiwan, to help in the optimization of products. The customers have achieved 18% more output with their paste from solar cell. With Perk technology, customers can achieve upto 20% more from solar cell. Heraeus Photovoltaics has been the market leader in paste for solar cell. Its main facility of production is located at Singapore with output of 50 tonnes per month, at Shanghai with output of 25 tonnes per month and in USA with output of 15 tonnes per month. Heraeus Photovoltaics revenue tune upto 3 billion globally in 2015, witnessing an increase in market share of 35 % compared to last year. Heraeus Photovoltaic considers India as a booming market. They are already working with few names in India; one of them is located in Udaipur, which is into manufacturing of thin film for PV. They hope for an acceleration in the solar cell market, as it looks really bright at present and wish to continue to associate and serve the solar sector with their products and expertise. They also state that, Indian Solar market is a very political market. It is also in favour of local India producers making PV Modules. There is a potential of big opportunities for local manufacturers due to proactive policies of the new government in India

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SOLAR POWER

ANDRÉS SANDOVAL HEAD OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, AND ALVARO VELASCO, GLOBAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT AT ENERTIS

Can the Indian market become one of the main solar markets in the world in 7 years? Or sooner? It is not a secret that India’s situation attracts the interest of many players in the Solar PV market, from local developers to global players. Many factors indicate that Solar will continue growing and that the goals established by Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi of 100 GW could be achieved. Here we elaborate on some key aspects of the market.

Solar Market Size to date According to Bridge to India reports, by September 2015 the commissioned power totaled 4,6 GW, the pipeline of projects under development reached 8,7 GW and Tenders in process amounted to 4 GW. Ground mounted and roof mounted The 100 GW goal is divided in 40 GW on rooftops and 60 GW ground mounted. From the 2, roof mounted has a very small track record to date but is growing quickly According to Bridge to India website, the growth rate was 66% in the last 12 months, with 240 MW added in that period. Energy supply in India According to the Central Electricity Authority (CEA), between 2013&2014 India had a peak power shortage of 6.2%, and currently around 57% of the installed capacity corresponds to Coal generators. In regard to coal, the rapid increase in its use and downturn in production growth have

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caused that 25% of the coal currently used in India is imported and thermal coal represents about 80% of the total imports. At this moment, according to KPMG report (“The rising Sun”–2015), levelized solar prices are within 15% of coal generation prices. KPMG even predicts Solar prices being 10% lower than those of coal by 2020. Solar resource A map based on satellite data is available as a result of the collaboration between SEC (Solar Energy Centre) and NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory–US). The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy in India also plans to expand the network of ground stations in order to enhance the accuracy of investment grade data available for Solar developers and States to be used for investment decisions. Global Horizontal Irradiation is between the range of 1,700 to 2,100 kWh/m2 (approximately ). In regard to the best areas in terms of solar irradiation, west and center of the country feature the higher values, so it is

not surprising that the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan were the first ones to start with the development of Solar PV. Energy pricing & competitiveness Tenders for solar Energy have been awarded at levels down to 77 USD/MWh, until SunEdison won a record breaking bid at 70 USD/MWh (4.63 rupees/kWh) in the month of November. Although this record low was unexpected, it gives an indication on the capability of Solar Energy to continue the trend of price reduction. Taking a look at the cost related aspects of a Solar PV power plant, we can think that this trend will continue in the following years. Firstly the cost of materials such as commodities for mounting structures -(Iron, Aluminium) and also needed for BOS electrical configuration (cabling, among others) does not look like going up considering the global macroeconomic environment; and secondly the advances in cost optimization in the technical solution, like the changes to 1,500 V inverters & modules, the effect of improving energética

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modules efficiency in the reduction of BOS cost, and the optimization of Solar inverters technology, will most likely continue to drive the cost down. And what about storage and falling cost of energy storage solutions? What about the potential of a growing population with some areas having restricted access to grid and electricity?, the competitiveness of Solar PV in these situation is almost unbeatable. However we have to keep in mind that financing schemes are also important in this market segment and not easier than in utility scale plants. Challenges Although there are conditions that indicate that the growth of Solar India will be significant, deployment of Solar PV faces some significant challenges. Starting with grid connection, World Bank data quantifies distribution and transmission losses in 17% on the period between 2011-2015. But this is not the only significant condition, transmission infrastructure able to take large utility scale projects is scarce. Thus, infrastructure planning and investment will also have to be significant. We have not done a detailed analysis on land availability and the conditions of available land, but this is a factor to take into consideration, as some main developers have stated difficulties in the process of land acquisition. In this sense, in the last Intersolar India it was announced that the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has recently written to state governments to instruct them to set up new solar zones to encourage private sector development of large-scale PV projects. Additionally, the financial situation of the Distribution Companies (Discoms) is also a key factor to be taken into consideration. The financial condition of these companies is quite delicate at the moment and should be solved for utility scale deployment, as the bankability (in solvency terms in this case) of the off-takers is a key factor for attracting interest of investors and financers. Will India continue to grow into becoming a major market? In our opinion, market conditions in India are such that Solar PV energy generation capacity will grow dramatically in the next few years. energetica

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Having performed our first services in the market in 2012, we see that many of the issues that held the flow of international capital to Solar PV development have been tackled. Restrictions to the flow of capital have changed, and so have limitations to local content, bringing competition to the market, without forgetting policies to incentivize investment in the manufacturing industry and financing. Political will to incentivise Solar PV growth is seen in changes already taking place in other aspects necessary for the development of projects: amendments to the Electricity Act with strong enforcement of Renewable Purchase Obligation and Renewable Energy Obligation, changes on land use regulations, identification of land and roofs for solar projects, push for net-metering scheme. In regard to active players in the market, Important developers have already signed a considerable volume of PPAs. SunEdison, that has one of its large world bases in India, won 500 MW recently in the well known lowest price in the market for the Andhra Pradesh bid, with other large players following closely such as Trina Solar (Trina also has an ambitious plan fora 2 GW factory in the country) with 100 MW and First Solar with other 100 MW. Solairedirect also declared its intentions of investing in the country. British LightSource also recently made a move, signing a deal to develop 3 GW in the middle of the visit of the Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi to the UK. This announcement could be taken as a significant one in order to assess the market potential, as this is the first important move of Lightsource outside the UK after its rapid and successful growth in the UK market, and they are looking for markets with the potential of making large and sustainable growth in several years. There are also other companies like Waaree, Vikram Solar, Tata Power,

Mahindra, Sterling & Wilson, among others with a strong local base, that have a very relevant role in the market. With solar prices becoming more competitive it is critical not to take shortcuts trying to cut certain costs directly related to a good the execution of PV plants, as a faulty process or component will result in a poor performance of the asset. Only by optimizing asset performance can financial models work under current prices, attracting investment and driving industry deployment. Current policies and trends seem to be driving the market towards large scale projects which can easily absorb complete quality assurance programs, which include from equipment selection and quality control (during manufacturing and upon reception at the plant) to control of construction execution and commissioning/acceptance of plants. Enertis is a leading provider of quality assurance services in every major market in the world, thanks to its expertise in manufacturing quality control, state-of-the-art PV Mobile laboratories for testing of PV panels, as well as to its owner’s engineering and technical advisory capabilities. We see in India, the ideal market to set a local network of testing laboratories to support the rest of our services in a scalable highly cost effective solution. The size of the country will be a challenge in order to deploy cost effective testing solutions. After participating in our first project in India in 2,012 performing services for Mahindra, and with the number of our projects in the country increasing in the last months, we definitely believe that the dynamics of the market have changed and that the conditions are set for a boom in Solar Energy. Of course, India macroeconomic situation and the risk of currency depreciation should be watched, but in any case, considering that economic growth and energy demand will continue to rise, Solar PV seems to be a source that will play the significant role that the current Government foresees. We see that reaching 100 GW is ambitious, but not an impossible target. From the business perspective of a player in the Solar market, when considering that only reaching 50% of this target by 2022 will make India one of the leaders in Solar Energy, definitely India is a place to be and stay in the next 7 years

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ENERGY STORAGE

MR.VINEET MITTAL VICE CHAIRMAN, WELSPUN RENEWABLES

Batteries: Redefining the Clean Energy Paradigm For a long time, solar power has suffered the myth that it is only useful during the day. In the prevalent technologies, at average irradiance, utility scale solar plants silently power grids during the day and turn obsolete in the night. But as the battery storage technologies evolve, the solar energy landscape is poised for a quantum leap.

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n India, even 25 years after liberalization, the rhetoric that prosperity is in spending and not saving, is yet to find many takers because we have an age-old tradition of storage and preservation of our resources – land, gold, food grains etc. For centuries, storage has been synonymous with asset creation. We believe that storage is critical. It is probably time to put this philosophy to good use to accelerate growth of renewable energy in India. Literature on the power sector is full of clichés around how renewable energy cannot attain parity with conventional resources, particularly solar power. But in the last two years and particularly in the last six months, the world has witnessed the dramatically declining cost of solar power generation. This trend will continue to gain momentum with advent of low-cost batteries. For a long time, solar power has suffered the myth that it is only useful during the day. We are on the brink of busting this myth. In the prevalent technologies, at average irradiance, utility scale solar plants silently power grids during the day and turn obsolete in the night. But as the battery storage technologies evolve, the solar energy landscape is poised for a quantum leap and light homes 24 hours a day. Once cost-effective and high capacity batteries become a reality, we would not be far from achieving India’s 100 GW solar power target (40 GW of which is rooftop solar for which batteries are critical). This will

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For a long time, solar power has suffered the myth that it is only useful during the day. We are on the brink of busting this myth

also finally eliminate erratic, irregular and weather-dependent from the renewable energy dictionary. Batteries will allow the grid to power streets even when the Sun has turned its face around or when wind has stopped blowing. A few years ago, even such a thought was inconceivable. What solar energy, backed with storage systems, can do must not be underestimated. A number of small and large, developed and developing nations are today demonstrating that solar grid parity and a sustainable green future are not ideas of the past, but a contemporary living reality. Despite ordinary irradiance levels, Australia added a rooftop solar system every 2.8 minutes in 2014. Its rooftop solar capacity has crossed 4 GW capacity (more than India’s overall solar capacity). Battery-supported rooftop solar capacity in Germany, which crossed 8.5 GW mark this year,

has achieved grid parity. Israel is banking heavily on solar power since it strategically vulnerable and a massive attack could demolish its grid infrastructure. Surprisingly, the Minister of Petroleum and Minerals in Saudi Arabia, the country that is sitting on an overabundant fossil fuel reserves, recently announced that the country would be moving into solar and wind power to the tune of $16 billion. Many developed economies including the USA is looking at a 20% renewable energy target in its energy mix which is difficult to achieve without a strong battery infrastructure. It would be appropriate to draw a parallel between India’s mobile phone revolution with the work-in-progress solar battery revolution. An outgoing call through a mobile phone cost whopping Rs 16-Rs 25 at inception and therefore remained the luxury of a few. But the public-private partnership in the telecom sector, competitive market policies and technological advancements drastically brought the costs down. The mobile revolution not just facilitated cheap communication, but subsequently empowered communities across the strata in unimaginable ways. This revolution was possible because one, mobile technology did not require connectivity with telephone towers (enabling wireless connectivity) and two, users could customize the phone according to their personal calling, messaging and data needs. Today, newspapers, television, internet and radio have all converged into a single device – energética

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the mobile phone. The pocket-sized gadget is being used to read news, receive best farming practices, weather updates, and consumes films, music, internet and so forth. Solar battery technology has a similar advantage over the utility scale plants, but on a much larger scale and towards an allencompassing goal. Solar battery storage is the quickest energy remedy for over 100 million Indian households that continue to remain alien to the grid infrastructure. Secondly, India’s vast rural landscape has abundant rooftop space. Many Indian states have already passed net metering laws which would allow rooftop solar consumers to sell surplus power to the discoms. The solar battery costs around $500 for each kW of storage. While developed economies have gradually adopted it, developing countries continue to find it unaffordable. But that should not leave us disenergetica

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appointed, because the battery costs have already started declining globally. What is stopping a battery revolution is not a technological breakthrough, but a technological advancement. More than $3 trillion has already been invested in smallscale solar and battery storage worldwide. Today the solar battery market — estimated at $50 billion annually — is poised to increase 10-fold in just three years to 2,400 MW. Even without any special effort, lithium-ion batteries would be cheap enough to be deployed on a large scale within five years as a result of a yearly cost reduction of 20% to 30%. Battery costs have seen substantial decline every decade since inception in the early 1990s. At least five major technology and battery companies are working towards mak-

ing the battery technology last long and make them affordable and enhance its storage efficiency. Tesla alone has invested $5 billion near a lithium mine in Nevada (US) with an aim to produce batteries that will cost 30% less. Tesla has planned a 35GWh annual production capacity, which is more than the total worldwide production of lithium-ion batteries in 2013. US based Aquion Energy which manufactures sodium ion battery systems has installed a battery system in Hawaii which can store electricity generated by 512 solar panels. Batteries come at a cost which will soon be affordable and finally end the cyclical chicken and egg solar argument. It is high time we break this cycle. Solar is an idea whose time has come and the only foreseeable pragmatic solution to the decade-long stumbling block that power consumption in India peaks in the evening is to store the invaluable, clean solar energy

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

REPORT BY REN21

Renewables 2015; a Global Report It is clear that renewables have become a mainstream energy resource. The penetration and use of both variable and non-variable renewables are increasing, thereby contributing to diversification of the energy mix

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enewable energy continued to grow in 2014 against the backdrop of increasing global energy consumption, particularly in developing countries. Despite rising energy use, for the first time in four decades, global carbon emissions associated with energy consumption remained stable in 2014 while the global economy grew; this stabilisation has been attributed to increased penetration of renewable energy and to improvements in energy efficiency. Globally, there is growing awareness that increased deployment of renewable energy (and energy efficiency) is critical for addressing climate change, creating new economic opportunities, and providing energy access to the billions of people still living without modern energy services. Although discussion is limited to date, renewables also are an important element of climate change adaptation, improving the resilience of existing energy systems and ensuring delivery of energy services under changing climatic conditions. Renewable energy provided an estimated 19.1% of global final energy consumption in 2013, and growth in capacity and generation continued to expand in 2014. Heating capacity grew at a steady pace, and the production of biofuels for transport increased for the second consecutive year, following a slowdown in 2011–2012. The most rapid growth and the largest increase in capacity, occurred in the power sector, led by wind, solar PV, and hydropower. Growth has been driven by several factors, including renewable energy support policies and the increasing costcompetiveness of energy from renewable sources. In many countries, renewables are broadly competitive with conventional

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energy sources. At the same time, growth continues to be tempered by subsidies to fossil fuels and nuclear power, particularly in developing countries. Although Europe remained an important market and a centre for innovation, activity continued to shift towards other regions. China again led the world in new renewable power capacity installations in 2014, and Brazil, India, and South Africa accounted for a large share of the capacity added in their respective regions. An increasing number of developing countries across Asia, Africa, and Latin America became important manufacturers and installers of renewable energy technologies. In parallel with growth in renewable energy markets, 2014 saw significant advances in the development and deployment of energy storage systems across all sectors. The year also saw the increasing electrification of transportation and heating applications, highlighting the potential for further overlap among these sectors in the future. Market and Industry Trends Biomass Energy: Biomass for Heat, Power, and Transport Bio-heat production remained stable in 2014, increasing 1% over 2013. Composition of bio-heat portfolios continued to vary widely by region, ranging from large-scale production in industry (e.g., in the United States) to vast numbers of residential-scale bio-digesters (e.g., in China). Global bio-power production increased approximately 9%, with China, Brazil, and Japan leading for capacity additions, and the United States and Germany leading for generation (despite comparatively smaller capacity additions).

Liquid biofuel production was up 9% in 2014, reaching its highest level to date. Although the United States and Brazil dominated overall volume, Asia experienced particularly high production growth rates. Policy positively influenced biofuel markets where blending mandates increased demand, but policy uncertainty, particularly in Europe, the United States and Australia, had negative effects on industry. Low oil prices in the second half of the year had some positive effects, particularly in feedstock production, but reduced turnover for some bioenergy businesses. Trade patterns in both solid and liquid fuels saw some shifts in 2014, with a considerable share of North American wood pellets flowing to Asia, reducing the domination of flows to European markets. The share of traded biofuels destined for Europe declined slightly, while new markets (particularly for fuel ethanol) expanded in other regions. Geothermal Energy About 640 megawatts (MW) of new geothermal power generating capacity came on line, for a total approaching 12.8 gigawatts (GW), producing an estimated 74 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2014. The largest share of new geothermal power capacity came on line in Kenya, underscoring the growing emphasis on geothermal energy in East Africa. An estimated 1.1gigawattsthermal (GWth) of geothermal direct use (heat) capacity was added in 2014 for a total of 20.4 GWth; output was an estimated 263 petajoules (PJ) in 2014 (73 TWh). Over the past five years, total power capacity has grown at an average annual rate of 3.6%, and heat capacity at an estimated 5.9%. The geothermal industry energética

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

continues to face significant project development risk; various efforts are under way to ameliorate such risks in developed and developing countries. Hydropower An estimated 37 GW of new hydropower capacity was commissioned in 2014, bringing total global capacity to approximately 1,055 GW. Generation in 2014 is estimated at 3,900 TWh. China (22 GW) installed the most capacity by far, with significant capacity also added in Brazil, Canada, Turkey, India, and Russia. The industry continued innovation towards ever- more flexible, efficient, and reliable facilities. Demand for greater efficiency and lower generating costs have contributed to ever- larger generating units, including some 800 MW turbines. There also is significant demand for refurbishment of existing plants to improve the efficiency of output, as well as environmental performance in the face of new regulatory requirements Innovations also include variable speed technology for new and energetica

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refurbished pumped storage plants, which assist in further integration of variable renewable resources Ocean Energy Ocean energy capacity, mostly tidal power generation, remained at about 530 MW

in 2014. Virtually all new installations were in some form of pilot or demonstration projects. Two prominent wave energy development companies faced strong headwinds. The EU Ocean Energy Forum was launched with the aim of bringing together stakeholders for problem solving

33

RENEWABLE ENERGY

and co-operation on ocean energy. Technology development continued in various test sites, with tidal and wave energy devices having advanced the most of all ocean energy technologies to date. Solar PV Solar PV is starting to play a substantial role in electricity generation in some countries as rapidly falling costs have made unsubsidised solar PV-generated electricity cost-competitive with fossil fuels in an increasing number of locations around the world. In 2014, solar PV marked another record year for growth, with an estimated 40 GW installed for a total global capacity of about 177 GW. China, Japan, and the United States accounted for the vast majority of new capacity. Even so, the distribution of new installations continued to broaden, with Latin America seeing rapid growth, significant new capacity added in several African countries, and new markets picking up in the Middle East. Although most EU markets declined for the third consecutive year, the region—particularly Germany— continued to lead the world in terms of

34

total solar PV capacity and contribution to the electricity supply. The solar PV industry recovery that began in 2013 continued in 2014, thanks to a strong global market. Consolidation among manufacturers continued, although the flood of bankruptcies seen over the past few years slowed to a trickle. To meet the rising demand, new cell and module production facilities opened (or were announced) around the world. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSP) The CSP market remains less established than most other renewable energy markets. Nonetheless, the sector continued its near-decade of strong growth with total capacity increasing 27% to 4.4 GW. Although parabolic trough plants continued to represent the bulk of existing capacity, 2014 was notable for the diversification of technologies in operation, with the world’s largest linear Fresnel and tower plants coming on line. Only the United States and India added CSP facilities to their grids in 2014. However, CSP activity continued in most regions, with South Africa and Morocco the

most active markets in terms of construction and planning. Spain remained the global leader in existing capacity. Stagnation of the Spanish market and an expected deceleration of the US market after a bumper year fuelled further industry consolidation. However, costs are declining, particularly in the global sunbelt, a large variety of technologies are under development, and thermal energy storage (TES) is becoming increasingly important and remains the focus of extensive research and development (R&D). Solar Thermal Heating and Cooling: Deployment of solar thermal technologies continued to slow, due largely to declining markets in Europe and China. Cumulative capacity of water collectors reached an estimated 406 GWth by the end of 2014 (with air collectors adding another 2 GWth), providing approximately 341 TWh of heat annually. China again accounted for about 80% of the world market for solar water collectors, followed by Turkey, Brazil, India, and Germany. The trend continued towards larger domestic water heating systems in hotels, schools, energetica

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

and other large complexes. There also was growing interest in the use of advanced collectors for district heating systems, solar cooling, and industrial applications, although advanced systems represent a small fraction of the global market. In much of Asia, parts of Africa, and Latin America, domestic sales expanded, as did distribution channels, in response to strong market growth in certain segments. By contrast, it was a difficult year for the industry in Europe, where consolidation continued. China’s industry was troubled by overcapacity due to weak demand in 2014, but China maintained its long-term lead. Wind Power The global wind power market resumed its advance in 2014, adding a record 51 GW—the most of any renewable technology—for a year-end total of 370 GW. An estimated 1.7 GW of grid-connected capacity was added offshore for a world total exceeding 8.5 GW. Wind energy is the least-cost option for new power generating capacity in an increasing number of locations, and new markets continued to emerge in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Asia remained the largest market for the seventh consecutive year, led by China, and overtook Europe in total capacity. The United States was the leading country for wind power generation. Wind power met more than 20% of electricity demand in several countries, including Denmark, Nicaragua, Portugal, and Spain.

After years of operating in the red, most turbine makers pulled back into the black with all the top 10 companies breaking installation records. Turbine designs for use on- and offshore continued to evolve to improve wind’s economics in a wider range of wind regimes and operating conditions. energetica

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START 2004

2013

2014

billion USD

45

232

270

Renewable Power Capacity (total, not including hydro)

GW

85

560

657

Renewable Power Capacity (total, including hydro)

GW

800

1578

1712

Hydropower Capacity (total)

GW

715

1018

1055

Bio-power Capacity

GW

50 MW) was up 17% over 2013, to USD 270.2 billion. Including the unreported investments in hydropower projects larger than 50 MW, total new investment in renewable power and fuels reached at least USD 301 billion. Renewables outpaced fossil fuels for the fifth year running in terms of net investment in power capacity additions. This first increase in three years was due in part to a boom in solar power installations in China and Japan, as well as to

record investments in offshore wind projects in Europe. All regions of the world experienced an increase relative to 2013. Investment in developing countries was up 36% from the previous year to USD 131.3 billion. Developing country investment came the closest ever to surpassing the investment total for developed economies, which reached USD 138.9 billion in 2014, up only 3% from 2013. The most significant dollar increase occurred in China, which accounted for almost two-thirds of developing country investment in renewable power and fuels. The Netherlands and Brazil saw the larg-

35

RENEWABLE ENERGY

ANNUAL INVESTMENT/NET CAPACITY ADDITIONS/PRODUCTION IN 2014 1

2

3

4

5

China

United States

Japan

United Kingdom

Germany

Burundi

Kenya

Honduras

Jordon

Uruguay

Geothermal power capacity

Kenya

Turkey

Indonesia

Philippines

Italy

Hydropower capacity

China

Brazil

Canada

Turkey

India

Solar PV capacity

China

Japan

United States

United Kingdom

Germany

United States

India

Wind power capacity

China

Germany

United States

Brazil

India

Solar water heating capacity

China

Turkey

Brazil

India

Germany

Biodiesel production

United States

Brazil

Germany

Indonesia

Argentina

Fuel ethanol production

United States

Brazil

China

Canada

Thailand

Investment in renewable power and fuels (not including hydro>50 MW) Investment in renewable power and fuels per unit GDP

CSP capacity

TOTAL CAPACITY OR GENERATION AS OF END-2014 1

2

3

4

5

Renewable power (including hydro)

China

United States

Brazil

Germany

Canada

Renewable power (not including hydro)

China

United States

Germany

Spain/Italy

Japan/India

Denmark

Germany

Sweden

Spain

Portugal

Biopower generation

United States

Germany

China

Brazil

Japan

Geothermal power capacity

United States

Philippines

Indonesia

Mexico

New Zealand

Hydropower capacity

China

Brazil

United States

Canada

Russia

Hydropower generation

China

Brazil

Canada

United States

Russia

CSP

Spain

United States

India

UAE

Algeria

Solar PV capacity

Germany

China

Japan

Italy

United States

Solar PV capacity per capita

Germany

Italy

Belgium

Greece

Czech Republic

China

United States

Germany

Spain

India

Denmark

Sweden

Germany

Spain

Ireland

Solar water collector capacity

China

United States

Germany

Turkey

Brazil

Solar water heating collector capacity per capita

Cyprus

Austria

Israel

Barbados

Greece

Geothermal heat capacity

China

Turkey

Japan

Iceland

India

Geothermal heat capacity per capita

Iceland

New Zealand

Hungary

Turkey

Japan

POWER

Renewable power capacity per capita (top 20, not including hydro

Wind power capacity Wind power capacity per capita HEAT

est percentage increases. Other top countries included the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Investment continued to spread to new markets throughout 2014, with Chile, Indonesia,

36

Kenya, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey each investing more than USD 1 billion in renewable energy. Solar power and wind were the leading technologies by far in terms of dollars

committed, with solar power (mostly solar PV) accounting for more than 55% of new investment in renewable power and fuels (not including hydro >50 MW), and wind power taking 36.8%. Both saw significant energetica

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increases over 2013: solar power investments rose 25% to USD 149.5 billion, and wind advanced 11% (to USD 99.5 billion). Overall, in 2014, more than a quarter of new investment in renewable energy went to small- scale projects (particularly solar PV). Geothermal power investment grew by 23%, and ocean energy (up 100%) also fared well although from a very low level. Other renewables did less well: biofuels declined 8% to a 10-year low, biomass and waste-to-energy dropped 10%, and small-scale hydropower slipped 17%. All investment types saw increases over 2013, with asset finance of utility-scale projects accounting for the vast majority of total investment. The year 2014 also saw the creation of two new South-South development banks: the USD 100 billion New Development Bank created by the five BRICS countries, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank created by 23 Asian countries. The expansion of new investment vehicles for renewables—such as green bonds, yield companies, and crowd funding—have attracted new classes of capital providers and are helping to reduce the cost of capital for financing renewable energy projects. Distributed Renewable Energy for Energy Access More than 1 billion people or 15% of the global population, still lack access to electricity. With a total installed capacity of roughly 147 GW, all of Africa has less power generation capacity than Germany. Moreover, approximately 2.9 billion people lack access to clean forms of cooking. Distributed renewable energy technologies are helping to improve these numbers by providing essential and productive energy services in remote and rural areas across the developing world. Renewable technologies are playing a large and growing role—via individual household systems and by powering a rapidly growing number of mini- and micro-grids—largely because renewables are cheaper and more convenient than conventional options. In addition to the further spread of existing, well-established technologies (solar home systems, picot-hydro stations, solar thermal collectors, etc.), 2014 witnessed the evolution of new types of equipment, energetica

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represent fast-growing markets for goods and services. Distributed renewable systems continued to attract investment from venture capitalists, commercial banks, and companies in 2014, as well as from lessconventional sources.

configurations, and applications. These include simple and inexpensive picot-wind turbines for powering remote telecommunications; solar-powered irrigation kits; and digitisation of ancillary services and monitoring, which allow for improved after-sales services and reduce costs so that companies can reach more people. Several factors have resulted in increased funding (public and private) for distributed renewable energy. These include the increased recognition that isolated cooking and electricity systems, particularly renewable systems, are the most cost- effective options available for providing energy services and new economic opportunities to households and businesses in remote areas. As such, renewables have become vital elements of rural electrification and clean cooking targets and policies in many countries. Peru was one of the first countries to prepare and implement a reverse auction for distributed renewable energy, finalising a contract in 2014. Several countries initiated new programmes in 2014 to expand energy access through renewables— including Chile, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka advancing renewables for electricity; and Ecuador, Guatemala, Bangladesh, and India launching initiatives to advance clean cooking. Dozens of international actors were involved in advancing energy access with renewables in 2014, through international initiatives such as Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL), as well as through bilateral and multi-lateral government programmes. Multilateral financial institutions and development banks also continued to finance renewable energy projects in 2014. Alongside traditional actors, publicprivate partnerships and non-governmental organisations are promoting distributed renewables. Involvement of the private sector is expanding, due largely to a growing awareness that off-grid, low-income customers

Energy Efficiency Special synergies exist between energy efficiency and renewable energy sources in both technical and policy contexts, and across numerous sectors from buildings and electrical services to transportation and industry. Although energy intensity (primary energy consumption per unit of economic output) has improved globally and in almost all world regions since 1990, there are vast opportunities to improve energy efficiency further in all sectors and countries. Drivers for policies to promote efficiency improvements include advancing energy security, supporting economic growth, and mitigating climate change. In poorer countries, increased efficiency can make it easier to provide energy services to those who lack access. To meet such goals, an increasing number of countries have adopted targets and policies to improve the efficiency of buildings, appliances, transport vehicles, and industry. In 2014, targets were in place at all levels of government, and numerous countries introduced new policies or updated existing ones in order to achieve their targets. Several jurisdictions enacted performance requirements or incentives to improve building efficiency during 2013 and 2014. Standards and labelling programmes are the primary tools to improve the efficiency of appliances and other energy-consuming products, and, by 2014, 81 countries had such programmes. By the end of 2013, standards for electric motors used in industrial applications had been introduced in 44 countries. As of late 2014, vehicle fuel economy standards covered 70% of the world’s light-duty vehicle market. To date, there has been relatively little systematic linking of energy efficiency and renewables in the policy arena. However, a small but growing number of policies have begun to address them in concert, particularly through building-related incentives and economy-wide targets and regulations

37

RENEWABLE ENERGY REPORT BY GIZ | REPORT BY DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FÜR INTERNATIONALE ZUSAMMENARBEIT GMBH (GIZ) CONSORTIUM PARTNERS- ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDIA; FRAUNHOFER IWES; UNIVERSITY OF OLDENBURG, GERMANY; FICHTNER GMBH & CO. KG, GERMANY

Analysis of Existing Framework for Renewables and RE policy in India This study conducts a detailed analysis of the existing market framework for renewables at the centre and state level. This includes an analysis of the existing RE policies, market mechanisms, regulatory issues, and technical issues within the different states.

A

t present, renewable sources form about 13% of the total installed capacity of power in India. Government of India is currently targeting to increase the renewable energy capacities from 35.8GW as of May 2015 to 175GW by 2022. This ambitious capacity addition plans call for several changes in the policy actions, regulatory measures, technical advancements and suitable investments supports. The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has made an assessment of RE capacity addition likely to come up during the 12th Plan (2012 - 2017) and the 13th Plan (up to 2022 as detailed in the national targets specified above). The major focus for capacity addition in India is envisaged in eight RE rich states i.e. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh. For the purpose of this study, we are evaluating the situation in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Himachal Pradesh only. In order to develop a suitable action plan/ roadmap to achieve the 2022 target, it is imperative to analyse and evaluate the current RE scenario/AS IS against its policy & regulatory actions/measures undertaken and technical challenges at the national level & state level and assess its impact. The outcome of the assessment will enable the decision makers to suitably respond by any mitigation actions in order to abate the further challenges/roadblocks envisaged. This study “Analysis of Existing Framework for Renewables and RE policy in India” from Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) conducts a detailed analysis of the existing market framework for renewables at the centre and state level. This includes an analysis of the existing RE policies, market mechanisms, regulatory issues, and technical issues within the different states. The

38

TABLE 1 - OUTCOME OF SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS FOR STATES Indicator

Gujarat

TN

Rajasthan

Karnataka

AP

HP

Targeting

Established

Established

Advanced

Established

Established

Established

Efficiency

Advanced

Established

Advanced

Established

Developing

Developing

Coordination

Established

Established

Established

Developing

Developing

Developing

Implementation Advanced

Established

Established

Established

Developing

Developing

Advanced

Established

Advanced

Established

Established

Established

Maturity Index

study hopes to provide clarity on problems prevalent in each of the six states and their impact on the national RE plan. It highlights which obstacles have to be tackled in the specific states or at the national level in order achieve RE capacity addition, seamless grid integration and RE evacuation. This detailed study of the prevalent conditions, priorities and obstacles to RE capacity addition for each of the 6 states considered will form the basis of suggestions for developing a suitable market design for RE Integration in India.

mitted targets or past trend. This will help to understand that for the observed future growth trajectory, what key measures are currently taken/need to be taken and future outlook of success of these measures.

Criteria of Evaluation In order evaluate the states to depict the above mentioned parameters; the criteria/indicators chosen are listed below. The states have been qualitatively evaluated for each indicator to assess their importance in the national RE promotion. • Targeting • Efficiency • Coordination • Implementation

Coordination This indicator helps to qualitatively measure the states’ responses to the central programs/missions and states’ alignment with the national decision making bodies. The assessment of the support extended to the national vision/programs and the support received from national decision making bodies help to evaluate this parameter.

Targeting This indicator helps to quantitatively measure the state’s ability to drive RE capacity growth and its commitment level towards its own RE targets as well as contribution to the national targets. Assessment will be based on the past growth trajectory for RE development across the state. With the premise of the states’ RE potential, how much RE can be tapped and what should be the future growth trajectory required as per the com-

Efficiency This indicator helps to qualitatively measure the efficiency of state’s current initiatives taken for RE development, in terms of policy, regulatory and fiscal measures. There will also be a qualitative measure of its synergy with the national framework.

Implementation This indicator helps to qualitatively gauge the technical prowess to add large scale RE into the system, grid operation procedures and RE market mechanisms of the states. Outcome of Analysis The following table summarizes the findings of the analysis and displays the maturity of each state when compared to the maturity level of the ideal state with respect to the following four indicators defined in the methodology energética

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

GUJARAT • Installed RE capacity is 4430MW (January, 2015) which is 15% country RE installed capacity.

Targeting

Established

• As per GEDA, 12th Five Year plan target for addition of RE installed capacity is 4385 MW by 2017 (includes 1960 MW solar, 2165 MW wind capacity addition by 2017). • Gujarat’s RPO target in FY 2013-14 was 7% (Non-Solar 6% and Solar 1%). The total target of 7% (NonSolar 4.99% and Solar 2.07%) was met however the non-solar target for the state was not met. • There is also no clarity on long term RPO targets beyond 2016. • Enabling policy and regulatory mechanisms for RE development - Gujarat Solar Policy 2009 had been notified even before JNNSM phase 1 • The long-term fixed tariffs guaranteed by the Gujarat Solar Policy supported 860 MW of capacity addition till 2014.

Efficiency

Advanced

• The state solar policy was applicable till March 2014. The state recently drafted a new solar policy which shall be operational till 2020. Wind power policy was amended in 2013 (and is applicable Till 2016) to address revised targets and new potential estimates by MNRE. As per the policy WTGs installed and commissioned during the operative period shall be eligible for the incentives for a period of 25 years from date of commissioning or the life span of the WTGs. The electricity generated from the WTGs is exempted from Electrical Duty. WTGs for Captive use are exempted from demand cut to the extent of 30% of the installed capacity. • Capacity addition initiatives are faced with land availability, power evacuation and accessibility issues. Higher cost of setting up capacity in the marshlands where significant potential for solar and wind is present and unavailability of water are major roadblocks to capacity addition. • In January 2015, Adani group signed an MoU for setting up a solar park in Gujarat in partnership with USbased SunEdison at an investment of USD four billion (about INR 25,000 crore) and Welspun Renewables announced an investment of INR 8,300 crore to set up about 1,000 MW solar and wind capacities in the state. • No major deployment under JNNSM. Investors preferred fixed tariffs under Solar Power Policy of Gujarat, as opposed to prices from competitive bidding under JNNSM.

Coordination

Established

• The state RE targets need to be realigned with the latest state committed targets to MNRE. • Good co-ordination with majority of RE developers who are giving their generation schedules to SLDC. • Established a pilot functional RE management desk at the SLDC and run a pilot RE forecasting project. There have not been any satisfactory results from pilot forecasting projects undertaken by appointing of 5 different FSPs. • Conventional plants are backed down on the basis of merit Order dispatch during low demand periods or in case of increase in wind generation. Few gas power plants are kept as balancing power reserve, and supply power to the grid in case of sudden drop in wind generation. Load regulation is done only in the extreme cases through equal percentage of reduction in load at each feeder on priority basis for load shedding. In this way Gujarat minimises the incidents of backing down of RE.

Implementation

Advanced

• Insufficient evacuation infrastructure for the evacuation of power from additional RE capacity - government is planning to upgrade existing transmission corridors to accommodate the increase in generation capacity • Gujarat has Asia’s first and the largest solar park with a capacity of 590 MW at Charanka (274 MW commissioned till May, 2014). The “Solar Park” also has capacity to generate 100MW of Wind Power making it the world’s biggest solar- wind hybrid park. • Government of India declared Gandhinagar as a “Model Solar City” (5MW Gandhinagar grid connected Solar rooftop project)*. Gujarat has initiated the world’s first canal-based solar power project in Mehsana district - INR 100crs announced for solar plants along the banks of canals

energetica

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39

RENEWABLE ENERGY

TAMIL NADU • Without a comprehensive wind policy, with no targets set, without roadmap/plan for target achievement with a definite control period; state has added 7600MW of wind capacity as on 2015. Increased deployment of wind capacities were due to good wind resources, accelerated depreciation benefits and GBI schemes. • As per Solar Policy 2012, state was supposed to add 3000MW by 2015. However, current achievement is only 119.06MW as on 2015. • Untapped wind potential (80m Hub) is 14152 MW (as per • NIWE 2010), however the state as per its commitment to MNRE is adding around 4300MW by 2022 in order to achieve a cumulative wind target of 11900MW by 2022.

Targeting

Established

• Untapped Solar potential in State 17.67 GW (as per NISE 2014), state has committed to MNRE a cumulative target achievement of 8884MW in solar by 2022. • As per Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory reports 2012 • and as per studies conducted by MNRE, the state has abundant off shore potential (more than 100GW, which is still under validation). This potential should be tapped by defining an off shore wind policy with suitable schemes, measures and targets. • The CAGR required for achieving the state RE target for 2022 is 14.4%. This is higher in comparison to the state CAGR of RE capacity addition since 2011 which are around 8%- 9%. • 2022 targeted RE capacity, 21508MW as per MNRE is nearly 72% of the peak demand (29975MW) for 2022. Currently the state ongoing/proposed conventional power projects are more than 7712MW as per state energy policy note 2014-15. This depicts an alarming situation for the state to build an efficient market mechanism in order export its excess generation from the state. Since technical limits of conventional have a threshold and also it is a threat to grid security. • State energy sector in its Vision 2023, has clearly represented its tentative investment plans(public and private) of INR 4, 50,000 in order in order to build enormous non - conventional, conventional and T&D infrastructure development. State does not have suitable incentive • /schemes to promote PPP investment schemes for building transmission infrastructure for renewable energy. • State needs to repower old WEG or WEG with low PLF. • Required policy actions are absent currently. • Solar Policy 2012 has a control period for only 3 years. Policy amendment with clear action plan is awaited for the state to increase its capacity from 119MW currently installed to 8884MW by 2022.

Efficiency

Established

• States’ performance in solar power development has met lot of Challenges. The government underwent a tender process for 1000MW to award projects, however it received bids only for 500MW.and also issued letter of intent for 226MW to developers. However, it was later scrapped in 2014. Later the state, came up with attractive FiT under which project were awarded under first come first serve basis instead of bidding. This too has complications as FiT scheme is applicable for new projects commissioned before Sep 2015. Around 30MW was signed and ready to be commissioned as of Feb 2015. • State has still not charted a roadmap/action plan for this wind target achievement. A wind policy with defined targets, plan of actions and definite control period is absent. • Letters of intent has been issued by TANGEDCO to establish solar power plants of 708 MW capacities to fifty two private developers as per State Energy Policy note 2014-15. • State initiatives to promote rooftop schemes such CM rooftop schemes, CM’s solar power Greenhouse scheme displays the states’ intent to propagate solar mission amongst the consumers. However, in order to achieve targets of 2022, proportion of the deployment capacity in the state between large scale and rooftop scale is still unclear. • State successfully launched the net metering policy in 2014. • State’s solar purchase obligation of 6% has been challenged by certain consumers association in the state. • State tariff policy offers a return of equity of 20% (pre-tax) for solar and 19.85% (pre-tax) for wind. However, analysis of wind tariff for developers depicts that the group captive + REC route provides developers with 65% more revenue than FIT. However, apart for group captive, the developers are willing to avail preferential tariff due to its long term clarity and fixed return of investment. • State has installed only 15MW in JNSSM; however the national mission success enabled to develop the state solar policy 2012. TN Solar policy committed higher capacities of deployment, nearly much aligned with earlier JNNSM capacities (20000MW) for 2020. However, JNNSM target capacities for 2022 have increased significantly; the state solar policy needs a revision with clear action plans/measures and schemes. • State has not clearly defined deployment capacities that will undergo competitive bidding and defined deployment

Coordination

Established

• Capacities that will be offered FiT. • The state has 13.43% of RE capacity used for power generation however RPO target of only 9% after downward revision in 2011. • There is no clear RPO trajectory post 2015. • As per Energy policy note 2014-15, the state has proposed to build transmission schemes for augmenting network for evacuation of wind power and solar power at a total cost of Rs. 1,600 crores with the assistance of NCEF, kWp loan and owned infused equity. • Managing “Must run status” for wind power during high wind season is difficult due to the season coinciding with low demand season, limited threshold for technical back down of conventional plants and thus challenging grid stability. • Managing high RE variability especially wind power within the state is causing increased balancing cost.

Implementation

Established

• Only 400MW of pump hydro balancing potential available, hence the grid operators are representing to the centre and state to bring efficient market mechanism. • There is fund requirement for building pumped storages such as Kundah and Kadamparai. • Huge transmission constraints observed and the state is in a nascent stage for building HVDC lines for evacuating RE power. Transmission planning is not in line with RE capacity addition

40

energetica

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

RAJASTHAN • SOLAR - Rajasthan has the highest solar resource in India with a potential of 142.31 GWp (as estimated by NISE) and a very aggressive RE growth plan for the state to achieve 25000 MW installed capacity in the state. MOUs for 30 GW of solar parks have already been signed. - Presently, the installed solar capacity is 858 MW (as of Feb 2015) out of which only 41 MW of solar power is installed from April 2014 to Feb 2015. - Rajasthan’s Solar Policy 2011 was superseded by Solar Policy 2014 to include more ambitious capacity addition targets in line with the resource potential. • WIND Targeting

Advanced

- The installable wind resource potential in Rajasthan is 5050 MW at 80m level (as per NISE). - At present, Rajasthan has 3108 MW (as of 28 Feb 2015) of installed wind capacity and plans to have a total capacity of 8600 MW (MNRE) by 2022. - About 300 MW of wind power is installed in the last one year against a target of 400 MW as per the policy. - The Rajasthan Policy for Electricity Generation from Wind Energy 2012 was amended in 2014. However, there is no clarity on wind capacity addition targets beyond 2015-16. • RE capacity addition needs to increase by 18.5% annually to achieve RE capacity target of 14362 MW set by MNRE. • By 2022, during low demand periods, the projected demand can drop down to 6500 MW. In this case, renewable power might be able to cater to the complete state load and also might need to be exported out of the state. • RREC has plans to carry out wind resource assessment with participation from private developers. • For wind power projects, the Government land is allotted to the developers at concessional rate of 10% of the DLC rate (agriculture land). The maximum allowable land is 5 Hector. / MW.

Efficiency

Advanced

• Private land can also be purchased by the wind developers for setting up of wind power plants. However, this private land will need to be converted for industrial use by paying conversion charges of 10%. • As per the 12th FYP, the Government of Rajasthan has allocated INR 12,500 crores for the building and strengthening of the transmission system within the state. Also, about INR 3044 crores have been allocated for the strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution system. Transmission system for the new Solar and Wind Power Projects is also part of the plan. • One of the few states to fully comply with JNNSM Phase I solar capacity addition plan with capacity addition of 432 MW • Against the sanctioned capacity of 456 MW.

Coordination

Established

• Rajasthan's RPO targets are in line with the national targets set by NAPCC. For the year 2015 and 2016, the targets are slightly higher than the national targets e.g. for 2015, the state's RPO target is 10.2% against the 10% national target. • RPO targets are defined only till 2016. No RPO trajectory defined by the RERC for future years. • Due to unavailability of hydro storage projects, conventional sources are backed down to a large extent to balance the variations in RE. • Solar generators produce power only during the day. At night, the transmission lines which are dedicatedly for the solar power evacuation are charged at no load. It is difficult to maintain the voltage of these lines.

Implementation

Established

• Unlike doubly fed or full-converter wind turbine generators, induction-based wind generators without converters are unable to control reactive power. As most of the small wind generators installed in Rajasthan are Type 1 or Type 2 induction type machines, they absorb huge amounts of reactive power during start-up and some reactive power during normal operating condition. • Major solar and wind resource in the state lies in the western part of Rajasthan which is far away from the load centres in Jodhpur, Jaisalmer and Bikaner. This introduces huge transmission costs and losses which are to be borne by the state.

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

KARNATAKA • Karnataka has about 240-300 sunny days in a year with an estimated solar potential of 24.7 GWp (as per NISE). • Also, as per NIWE’s estimation, the state has fourth highest installable wind potential of 13593 MW at 80m height in India.

Targeting

Established

• Significant achievement in installation of RE capacity of 4749MW which is 15% of country's RE installed capacity. • The solar policy of the state aims to add 1600 MW of grid connected utility scale solar power projects by 2021 and 400 • MW of grid connected roof-top projects by 2018. However, the present installed solar capacity is only 84 MW. • RE capacity addition of 18.5% annually is required to meet the target of 14817MW set by MNRE.

• Karnataka RE Policy 2009-14 (which is the wind power policy) was launched in 2010 and was valid up to five years till 2014. Since the operative period of the existing policy is over, there is no clarity on the state’s wind capacity addition plan.

Efficiency

Established

• State’s solar capacity addition target of 2000MW by 2021under the solar policy is not in line with the target of 5697 MW solar capacity addition committed by the state to MNRE. • Solar generators are exempted from payment of wheeling, banking and cross subsidy surcharge for a period of ten years from the date of commissioning. • For RE development, KREDL subleases the land to developers for a period of 30 years. • Solar power developers are allowed to use agricultural land also.

• Karnataka revised its solar policy in 2014 before the expiration of the old policy to aggressively aim for higher targets. Coordination

Developing

• Trajectory of RPO targets for the state is not defined in the long term. The regulation does not specify the year till which the current RPO targets are applicable. Also it does not specify the change (increase) in RPO targets in the future. This also discourages developers to invest in RE development in the state

• Installed hydro capacity might not be sufficient to balance the future growth in RE and conventional plants would have to be required for balancing. Implementation

Established

• Though the state is aggressively allocating funds for developing conventional plants, coal linkages and gas availability form the major bottleneck. • KPTCL’s major concern is the acquisition of land for the establishment of sub-stations and procuring right of way for drawing transmission lines within the state.

42

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

ANDHRA PRADESH • Solar: - 300 sunny days in a year with a solar potential of 38.44 GWp as per NISE. - The government is targeting a capacity of 5000 MW in the next 5 years. • Wind: Targeting

Established

- As estimated by the NIWE has a total wind potential of 14,497 MW at a hub height of 80m - The targets of the policy are to set up a 4000 MW wind generation capacity over the next 5 years. • Capacity addition of 37.9% every year is required to meet the target of 18477 MW set by MNRE.

• Solar - GoAP is promoting setting up of solar PV manufacturing and training facilities - GoAP is promoting net metering for roof top PV with incentives for 25 years over and above JNNSM incentives - Exemption from distribution losses for injection under 33 kV - Exemption from clearance requirements of AP pollution control board for solar PV - There is a significant policy push in terms of financing and un-complicating of procedures (NREDCAP) towards setting up of grid connected solar projects. Efficiency

Developing

• Wind: - No T&D charges for power supplied within the state - 100% energy banking facility at 2% is provided for all 12 months. Peak periods drawl restrictions are imposed - Open access clearance is provided for the complete life of the project or 25 years whichever is earlier. - Wind power generated will not be charged electricity duty for power sold to AP Discoms. - Deemed PPP, Industry status awarded, Must run status awarded, No clearance from pollution control board and automatic conversion of land to Non agricultural

• 44.75 MW capacity is installed under JNNSM Phase 1 Coordination

Implementation

Developing

Developing

• AP’s RPO targets are not aligned with the National RPO targets. Being a RE-rich state, the RPO compliance for AP should be increased to bring it in line with the NAPCC targets.

• During monsoon season, reservoirs fill up and hydro power becomes a must-run. At the same time, due to high winds even production of wind is high but the load is not so high. Due to low requirement of power, conventional power is curtailed. • Shortage of fuel (Gas/coal) for conventional power plants • restricts balancing capability

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43

RENEWABLE ENERGY

HIMACHAL PRADESH • Due to absence of solar and wind policy, there are no set targets for solar and wind capacity addition. • Solar potential is 33.84 GWp (as per NISE). Wind energy has little power generation potential in the state. There are objections to setting up wind plants owing to environmental concerns. • RE power target by 2022 is 776MW for Solar Power and 1500MW for SHP. Targeting

Established

• Capacity addition of 17.8% every year is required to meet the target of 2276 MW set by MNRE. • High hydro potential 18820MW, majorly run of the river. • Untapped capacity is 7214MW. • Current hydro installed capacity is 3206.5MW of which • 393MW state share. RES installed capacity is 638MW • At present, 501 power projects with an aggregate capacity of

Efficiency

Developing

• 2050MW have been allotted in HP, of which 98 projects of total installed capacity of 500MW have been commissioned. Of the remaining 403 projects, PPAs have been signed for 90 projects for a total capacity of 325MW. This leaves about 313 allotted projects that are non-starters. HP is currently struggling to attract IPPs to come forward to invest in these 313 projects. • There is no notified policy for wind and solar power in HP; however the state has a policy for small hydro power projects above 5MW and below 5MW. These policies provide detailed long term clarity on eligibility criteria for setting up hydro power projects, wheeling charges, regulations for power disposal and incentives by MNRE and the state. • No clarity on solar/wind policy is a major drawback for RE capacity addition in the state. • RPO compliance improving year on year. During 2009, RPO achievement was around 4% however during 2010, RPO achievement increased to 7% against target of 10%.

Coordination

Developing

• The state has been unable to meet solar RPO targets as low as 0.25% in FY2014-15. • According to stakeholder consultations at HPSEB, the state has been meeting its RPO targets through purchase of hydropower however as per MNRE guidelines, large hydro is not considered to be a RES. • In HP, for power plants of capacity greater than 5MW, it is mandatory to have SCADA systems installed. At present, 10 micro hydro power stations are connected through GPRS and transmit real time data. However, about 130 MW of micro hydro power stations are only monitored through telephone once a day.

Implementation

Developing

• Uncertainty of market off take of RECs is perceived as a major barrier by lenders, financial institutions and new RE project developers. Long term visibility of floor price and forbearance is necessary to ensure stability of price regime which cannot be ensured through trading platform under existing arrangement. • Adequate balancing capability and managing RE growth not a challenge. However, there is some resistance to drive solar potential owing to topography of the state and seeking environmental clearance for setting up large scale plants. • Deviation from demand forecast is only about 2%. State demand is less compared to other RE rich states of around 1300MW.

44

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

ENERGETICA INDIA

Renewable Energy Investment Statistics The article looks at the global renewable energy investment statistics from the year 2004-2014.

2

014 was a year of eye-catching steps forward for renewable energy. Investment rallied strongly after two years of decline, renewable excluding large hydropower reached 100GW of installations for the first time ever, developing countries led by China came within just a few billion dollars of overtaking investment in developed economies, and there were record statistics for financings of solar in China and Japan and offshore wind in Europe.

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The top headline for renewable in 2014 was that investment rebounded by 17% to $270.2 billion. This was the first annual increase in dollar commitments to renewables excluding large hydro for three years, and brought the total up to just 3% below the all-time record of $278.8 billion set in 2011. The 2014 performance by renewable energy investment was arguably more impressive than that in 2011 anyway – because capital costs in wind, and particular-

ly in solar PV, fell sharply in the intervening three years, so each billion dollars committed added up to many more MW of capacity than it did in the earlier year. Some 103GW of renewable power capacity excluding large hydro is estimated to have been built in 2014, compared to 86GW in 2013 and 80.5GW back in 2011. The 2014 total was dominated by wind and PV, with 49GW and 46GW respectively, both record figures

45

RENEWABLE ENERGY

GLOBAL TRENDS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT 2014 DATA TABLE, $BN 2004 $bn

2005 $bn

2006 $bn

2007 $bn

New Investments

45.1

72.9

112.1

153.9

Total Transactions

53.9

99.1

148.1

212.5

Category

2008 $bn

2012-14 2004-14 Growth CAGR % %

2009 $bn

2010 $bn

2011 $bn

2012 $bn

2013 $bn

20114 $bn

181.8

178.5

237.2

278.8

256.4

231.8

270.2

17%

20%

241.1

242.7

295.7

352.3

324.1

298.6

339

13%

20%

Total Investment

New Investments by Value Chain Technology development Venture Capital

0.4

0.6

1.2

2.1

3.2

1.6

2.5

2.5

2.4

0.7

1

39%

11%

Government R&D

1.9

2

2.2

2.7

2.8

5.3

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.9

5.1

3%

10%

Corporate RD&D

3.2

2.9

3.1

3.5

4

4.1

4.2

5.1

5

6.6

6.6

1%

7%

Equipment Manufacturing Private Equity Expansion Capital

0.3

1

3

3.6

6.8

2.9

3.1

2.5

1.7

1.4

1.7

20%

18%

Public Markets

0.3

3.7

9.1

20.7

10.9

13.1

11.4

10.1

3.9

10.5

15.1

43%

50% 19%

Projects 30.4

52.5

84.7

110.4

135.4

120

154.6

181.2

163.2

154.6

170.7

10%

0

0.2

0.7

3.1

3.7

1.9

5.6

3.3

2.9

1.9

3.6

90%

Small Distributed Capacity

8.6

10.3

9.5

14.1

22.3

33.4

62.2

76.1

78.8

54.9

73.5

34%

24%

Total Financial Investments

31.4

57.6

97.3

133.7

152.7

135.6

166.1

192.9

168.1

165.4

185

12%

19%

Government R&D,Corporate RD&D,Small Projects

13.7

15.3

14.8

20.2

29.1

42.8

71.2

85.9

88.3

66.4

85.2

28%

20%

Total New Investment

45.1

72.9

112.1

153.9

181.8

178.5

237.2

278.8

256.4

231.8

270.2

17%

20%

Asset finance re-invested equity

M&A Transactions Private equity buy-outs

0.8

3.7

1.8

3.6

5.4

2.2

2

3.1

3.3

0.6

2.5

335%

12%

Public markets investors exits

0.4

2.4

2.7

4

1

2.5

4.9

0.2

0.4

1.8

1.9

6%

18%

Corporate M&A

2.4

7.6

12.3

20.3

17.6

21.8

19.4

30.1

10.1

15.2

9.8

-35%

15%

Project acquisition & refinancing

5.3

12.5

19.1

30.6

35.4

37.8

32.1

40.1

53.8

49.3

54.5

11%

26%

New Investment by Sectors Wind

17.9

29.1

39.6

61.6

75.2

81.2

98.9

84.2

84.1

89.3

99.5

11%

19%

Solar

12

16.3

22.1

38

60.8

63.7

103.3

155.7

144.3

119.8

149.6

25%

29%

Biofuels

3.9

9.6

28.4

28.7

19.2

10.2

10.1

10.4

7

5.5

5.1

-8%

3%

Biomass & w-t-e

7.4

9.6

12.1

15.8

16.9

13.9

16

17.4

12.4

9.3

8.4

-10%

1%

Small Hydro

2.6

7.2

7.6

7.1

7.8

6.3

5.7

7.2

6.4

5.5

4.5

-17%

6%

Geothermal

1.2

1

1.5

2

1.7

2.9

3

3.7

1.8

2.2

2.7

23%

9%

0

0.1

0.9

0.8

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.4

110%

24%

45.1

72.9

112.1

153.9

181.8

178.5

237.2

278.8

256.4

231.8

270.2

17%

20%

Marine Total

New investments by Geography

46

United States

5.4

11.6

29.1

33

35.1

24.3

35.1

50

38.2

36

38.3

7%

22%

Brazil

0.8

3.1

5.2

11.8

12.1

7.9

7.7

10.1

7.2

3.9

7.6

93%

25% 24%

AMERICA (excl. US & Brazil)

1.7

3.3

3.9

5

5.8

5.8

12.2

9.2

10.2

12.2

14.8

21%

Europe

23.6

33.6

46.7

66.4

81.6

81.2

111.1

120.7

89.6

57.3

57.5

0%

9%

Middle East & Africa

0.6

0.8

1.1

2.4

2.3

1.7

4.2

2.9

10.4

8.7

12.6

46%

36%

China

3

8.2

11.1

16.6

25.7

39.5

38.7

49.1

62.8

62.6

83.3

33%

39%

India

2.7

3.1

4.9

6.3

5.6

4.3

9

12.7

7.4

6.4

7.4

14%

10%

ASOC (excl. China & India)

7.2

9.2

10

12.5

13.6

13.7

19.3

24.1

30.5

44.7

48.7

9%

21%

Total

45.1

72.9

112.1

153.9

181.8

178.5

237.2

278.8

256.4

231.8

270.2

17%

20%

energetica (Source: “Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2015”; report by Frankfurt School for Climate & Sustainable Energy Finance).

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

RENEWABLE ENERGY

SMALL DISTRIBUTED CAPACITY INVESTMENT BY COUNTRY IN 2014 IN $ BN & GROWTH ON 2013

VC/PE, PUBLIC MARKETS & ASSET FINANCE INVESTMENT IN RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE UNITED STATES BY SECTOR, 2014, $BN

2014

% growth in 2013

0.8

0%

Canada

1

104%

Italy

1

-71%

Austria

Assest Finance

Public Markets

VC/PE

Total

Solar

7.5

5.9

1.3

14.8

Wind

5.9

0.9

0.1

6.9

United Kingdom

1.1

-5%

Biofuels

0.3

0.8

0.3

1.4

France

1.9

85%

Geothermal

0.2

0

0

0.2

Australia

2.1

-11%

Germany

3

-34%

Biomass & w-t-e

0.04

0

0.03

0.1

555%

Small Hydro

0.02

0

0.01

0.03

0

0.01

0.002

0.02

14.0

7.5

1.7

23.4

China

7.6

United States

12.9

66%

Marine

Japan

28.1

27%

Total

Represents investments in solar PV projects below 1MW

Asset Finance volume adjusts for re-invested capacity

VC/PE, PUBLIC MARKETS & ASSET FINANCE INVESTMENT IN RENEWABLE ENERGY IN EUROPE BY SECTOR,2014,$BN Asset Finance

Public Markets

VC/PE

Total

Wind

27.2

1.8

0.01

29

Biomass & w-t-e

4.7

0.04

0.1

4.9

Solar

3.6

0.8

0.1

4.5

Small Hydro

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.2

Biofuels

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.2

Marine

0.1

0.03

0.2

0.2

Geothermal

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.1

Total

36.0

2.8

0.3

39.0

energetica

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

VC/PE. PUBLIC MARKETS & ASSET FINANCE INVESTMENT IN RENEWABLE ENERGY IN CHINA BY SECTOR,2014,$BN Asset Finance

Public Markets

VC/PE

Total

Wind

37.9

0.3

0.0

38.2

Solar

29.7

1.2

0.0

30.9

Small Hydro

2.4

0.0

0.0

2.4

Biomass & w-t-e

1.1

0.0

0.0

1.1

Biofuels

0.7

0.0

0.0

0.7

Total

71.8

1.5

0.0

73.3

Asset Finance volume adjusts for re-invested capacity

47

RENEWABLE ENERGY

48

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INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

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ENERGETICA INDIA

From Energetica India’s Blog Stable; Nov/Dec 2015 Energetica India brings forward the work of bloggers and contributors associated with Energetica India. The article collates thoughts/ideas/concepts based on the writers’ industry experience. MR. PRABHU DEODHAR CHIEF INNOVATOR AND FOUNDER AT MITRAMAX ENERGY PRIVATE LIMITED

PV Solar Energy to Empower the Dark India. Where should our investments go? What should be our priority? India is a ‘dark home’ to 25-30% of our population; the people who are left out of the mainstream because they have no access to electrical power. Even after 68 years of independence, 350-400 million of our people continue to live in darkness. Now, these woes of darkness can be banished into oblivion with the emergent Photo Voltaic Solar technology. It will allow us to empower them speedily by brightening their life with electric light. Solar energy is nature’s gift to mankind and Photo Voltaic (PV) technology allows us to convert it directly into DC electrical energy. With the omnipresent nature of the sun, one can harvest electrical energy at any place even in the remotest parts of our hinterlands. I feel this is a golden prospect for us to electrify ‘Dark India’. Evidence suggests that there is a sharp socio-economic improvement when we light up the homes in ‘Dark India’. With a couple of bright LED lights, solar powered from a PV module on the roof, their life undergoes a dramatic change at the click of a switch. It has been proven by thousands of such systems installed by many NGOs. It is found that each family saves money with which they buy kerosene; saving about Rs.150

50

per household every month! This would also reduce huge foreign exchange outflow for the country. In Sri Lanka, reducing kerosene import is the national focus of their solar mission. Also noteworthy is the fact that it adds four extra hours of work output for the entire family, thereby improving rural productivity and increasing family income. Home Solar Systems: Each family needs one bright light in a room and another portable bright light that can be used outside the house for productivity. The minimum standard should be two or three of bright lights such as from 7W LED bulbs that gives about the same light output as a 60W filament bulb. One of these could be portable to venture out at night. Providing them cheap Chinese lanterns is a cruel joke. A 25Wp solar panel and 12V/12AH battery will allow family to use all lights for 6/7 hours. In bulk such a system can be sold for less than Rs.4000. The unit must primarily be very rugged and yet simple to use. A 12V DC system instead of 230V AC line power would make it safe for the young ones in their small huts. Experience shows that well lighted home after sunset

makes their abode healthier and safer to live in. I have seen ladies shyly smiling in every house that I have lighted up. Life of these women becomes easier since their brightly lit homes make their family life safe and secure. I have witnessed these dramatic changes in several hundred huts. All these benefits are well-established by various NGOs as well as by my own field experiments. Some social groups have made it their mission and have won International Awards. All these findings show a variety of striking benefits for these rural folk. Many hardships and accidents can be prevented. The children can easily complete their homework and go to school in readiness the next day. They can read stories and learn about the world. And the man of the house, if an artisan, can work several extra hours and earn more. The village grocer makes more money by keeping his outlet open till late. All can charge cell phones for free. In fact, with a little extra investment, one can get an AMFM radio or a small DC fan. Community life thus gets enlivened. More importantly, all this can be achieved extremely speedily and at a small fraction of the cost of extending the power-grid to ‘Dark India’. It would be the most re-

warding investment for the country; morally, and in economic and cultural terms. Locally owned Green Power Companies: Village and Town based Micro Grid Solar Power companies owned by small business entrepreneur could feed power to its small community. Metered units of power generated could be subsidized or the investment the power plant in terms of its kWp capacity could made available at 3% interest. Low cost international funds could use for the purpose. The life of a well designed PV Solar Plant is 25 years. The amount of annual linear depreciation of investment over the first 10 year period and the interest rate decide the unit cost of solar energy. If the investment cost is 3%, energy cost from such a micro grid would be Rs.7/- or less per kWh. Let me also add that, unlike what is popularly believed, there is no scaling advantage in the cost of a solar plant. For instance, the cost of 100kW plant is about 100 times that of a 1kW plant and a 10MW plant costs about 100 times the 100kW plant. Having many 10 to 100kW PV Solar Plants working as village or town Micro Grids energetica

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

in ‘Dark India’ is therefore, a better option than building multi megawatt monsters, even though politicians fancy big numbers and such photo opportunities. Why Micro Grid should be our priority? There are many reasons why India should not focus or financially subsidise Multi-megawatt Solar Farms. It is simple enough to understand why this promotion is unwise. Let me give you convincing reasons why we should do it, if at all, on a selective basis. Primarily, 30% of the solar energy injected into the Grid is lost! These big plants, spread over several acres of land, feed the clean stable generated solar energy into the Power Grid. 30% of this expensive solar energy that government buys with the taxpayers money is lost in T&D losses of the Power Grid! Secondly, these plants are built by large corporations and are often bought, directly or indirectly, from foreign vendors. Thus the country ends up in subsidising the big companies that do nothing to improve the quality and the reliability of the Grid Power. Land scams associated with this have also made headlines. Interestingly, do the Grid power users benefit from this addition? No, they don’t! Today, we add about 3 Gigawatts of solar power into the grid that has, at any given moment, about 200GW of power flowing. Adding another 1.5% is akin to pouring a bucket of water in a big lake. This addition gives no relief to the consumers, and the blackouts as well as the wild voltage fluctuations continue unabated. As a professional, I can understand the feasibility of multimegawatt Solar Farms if our Grid was efficient and the losses were as low as in Europe. Cost of PV Solar Energy Socio-economic benefits to the people living in Dark India by energetica

INDIA

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putting solar lights into their home are enormous. Any cost of solar power is justified and the returns are huge. But otherwise too, over the years, the cost per unit of PV Solar Power has reduced rapidly, making it more affordable, thanks to China. It is, however, strange that a sunstarved country like Germany first harvested solar energy on such a vast scale that today it powers the entire nation on weekends purely through solar energy! Even greater is the fact that they did it when the kilowatt-hour cost of solar energy was over four times of what it is today. In India, the sun is more generous and shines brightly for long hours. So we should exploit it even more enthusiastically, but in a planned manner for optimal gains. PV Solar experts are indeed aware of the limitations of solar energy today. Often, we say that solar energy is free. The reality, of course, is that despite the rhetoric, except for the sun, there is nothing free about solar energy. Primarily, even though solar energy source is free, there is a rather high capital cost involved in generating electrical power from the sun. The second limitation of solar energy is its availability subject to daylight hours. This calls for storage of the DC energy harvested from the sun for use during nonsunny hours. Today, the focus of global research is on making efficient, long lasting and biodegradable batteries. LiFePO4 and similar chemistries have set today’s standard. These are widely used in electric vehicles as well as in industrial and military applications. Priority one: Lighting up ‘Dark India’ As elaborated above, the most appropriate priority for an urgent use of solar energy should be to

power the houses of all those unfortunate communities in the hinterland, which do not have access to electrical power because we could not deliver grid power to them since 1947. Priority Two: Use of MicroGrids providing electricity to a community A small town or a village can have its own PV Solar Micro-Grid by using Grid Power as backup. Governments should encourage the creation of Small Scale Solar Power companies in SME sector owning 50 to 500kW PV Solar Power Plants. Wherever possible, they can augment their energy resources using other nonconventional energy resources like biogas etc. Such enterprises would create local jobs and also maintain their plants carefully since good maintenance would maximise their revenue. They could use Grid Power, if available, as backup. Productive work is done during sunny hours, so local industry, shops and commercial establishments would get break-free, high quality, stable solar power with a grid backup, if present. At night, homes would get energy from home invertors since batteries would get charged during the day from solar power! This would allow the grid power, thus saved, to be used elsewhere. Priority three: Rural Population with water irrigation and drinking water supply: Following closely behind would be the use of solar energy in villages for powering submersible water pumps as well as powering drinking water processing plants. This would have a direct impact on the health of the rural community, since majority of the reasons for sickness in India is attributed to poor quality and contamination of drinking water.

This program for providing solar powered irrigation pumps is already in place in some states. What we need to push for is solar powered clean drinking water using pumps and reverse osmosis water treatment. Millions of rural lives can be saved besides boosting the productivity by keeping the working population healthy. Priority four: Reliable Power to the victims of power breakdowns Almost 90% of households in India suffer from long unpredictable blackouts as well as wild voltage fluctuations. A large number of them use home inverters and batteries. It solves their problem, but in the process, they consume almost 100% more units of electricity if we take into account the inefficiency of inverters and batteries. Home inverters are ideal installations wherein solar energy obtained by installing PV panels on roof-tops, rather than line power, is used to charge batteries. With little bit of skill one can easily convert crores of home inverters by charging their batteries using the solar energy, line power working only as a backup. Priority five: Solar Power for Industrial and Commercial Establishments during the day Next on the list is the use of solar energy to power industrial and commercial establishments during the sunny hours. Currently, the cost of grid power during these hours is over Rs.15 per unit. This is the most opportune use since the PV solar energy would be directly used as and when generated during sunny working hours, thereby eliminating the need to store it! For such direct use, the cost of solar energy is less than half of that of Grid power. At least rural and semi-urban

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RENEWABLE ENERGY branches of businesses can use solar power with greater benefits. Priority Six: Multimegawatt PV Solar Power Plants Subsidy regime needs to go: There is abundant evidence to show that subsidy for solar energy is encouraging corruption among officials and middlemen alike. This is true, both in the state as well as the central government. In fact, the current form of subsidy would hurt the cause of non-conventional energy in general and solar energy in particular. Poor quality installations are mushrooming everywhere. Ignorance of the buyers is being exploited by spurious suppliers. Is there any value to

a 20 year performance guarantee by a supplier without any base? We would do well to scrap the Subsidy Regime in its present form. It is an evil that breeds corruption. We need to replace it with low interest finance through our banking network. The growth of PV solar industry is hurt primarily due to high capital cost. For healthy growth of this sector of social relevance, we should replace arbitrary cash subsidies with the interest subsidy to be given via nationalised banks for financing solar installations targeting power-deprived rural communities as well as solar installations in private homes, apartment complexes and commercial and industrial establishments. If we

can finance Metro Projects with low cost foreign funds, why not finance PV Solar Micro Grids powering small towns and villages? If loan is made available at 4% interest, and if it is given directly to the buyers after being verified by the bank after the site inspection by a bank official, millions of homes would opt for it. The financial load that would be needed at the start for buying a system flat out, and if loans are made available at low interest rates through nationalised banks and monitored through a prescribed mandatory procedure, solar power would indeed become affordable to the masses. Leasing option in case of solar plants, as is done in the US, also hides the fact that the overall

financial burden on the customer is actually heavier, while all the subsidies flow to the company making the deal. The achievement of lighting up ‘Dark India’ is indeed a challenge, but not an impossible one. The Photo Voltaic Solar technology can brighten the lives of these people. The government needs to work on a viable solution and prioritise investments in the right direction for providing them with basic amenities through solar power generation. This would have a positive impact on bringing this population into the mainstream. The time has come to erase the darkness from their lives and empower them with equal opportunities

HARESH PATEL CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF MERCATUS, INC.

How Renewable Energy Companies Can Bounce Back from a Stock Market Beating US solar companies that have exploded with growth at the cost of profitability altogether have received a loud message from Wall-Street, “It’s the profitability stupid.” Over the last few months, some of the most prominent US solar companies have experienced a meltdown in their stock prices. In response, solar major SunEdison reset investor expectations by announcing substantial reductions in growth projections and articulated a strategic shift away

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from their YieldCo, TerraForm. While this costly investor sentiment appears to be a step back for the industry, strategic reforms that address operational efficiency could produce long-term benefits with massive dividends. Fighting for a structural cost advantage would be a giant leap forward that moves the industry toward sustained profitability. The pressure a YieldCo places on its parent company to rapidly grow pipeline can strain operations and the ability to scale in

an efficient manner. The requirement of growing a massive pipeline and creating trust and transparency around the underlying value of the assets being fed into a YieldCo can pull corporate resources in opposing directions. Read More here Does this mean that YieldCo’s should be abandoned? Looking at the big picture, public markets are still a relatively untapped opportunity for financing the massive investment into advanced energy technologies that will occur in order to meet growing energy demand over the next 20 years. Seeking low-cost capital will be necessary over the long run. The issue is not with the underlying strategy that the YieldCo serves, it’s about creating execution strategies that can support the pressures associated with growth and transparency at the same time.

The problem is not really with growth either. The hard costs associated with advanced energy technologies have been, and continue to be, dropping rapidly; opening new markets every day. The fundamentals of these technologies are extremely strong in many markets. The real issue is that a growthfocused sector has expanded at the expense of efficiency; as a consequence, companies are not improving profitability, which is clearly no longer acceptable to the capital markets. Growth, therefore, needs to be increasingly obtained through an internal focus on business processes that yield structural cost advantages over competitors, as opposed to seeking a cost advantage solely through innovative financing vehicles like YieldCo’s. Companies that can obtain a competitive advantage by running a tighter business with excellence in operational efficiency will be able to penetrate new markets and access low cost capital at the same time energetica

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GLOBAL GREEN SUMMIT GLOBAL GREEN SUMMIT

Sustainability all the way Global Green Summit is a platform that addresses concerns for green living and a balanced economy and discusses ‘global’ concepts that can further a sustainable world. Launched in the year 2010, the event has been effective and impactful in kicking off a discourse on environmentally sustainable policies among experts, activists and pioneers of the ecological cause.

A

cknowledging the necessity and power of a sustainable future, in the face of a world grappling with challenges of limited resources, ACETECH, as a platform, acknowledges the precept that sustainability cannot be like some sort of a moral sacrifice or political dilemma or a philanthropic cause. Rather, that it has to be a design challenge. Taking this premise a notch further, ACETECH launched Global Green Summit, a platform that addresses concerns for green living and a balanced economy and discusses ‘global’ concepts that can further a sustainable world. Launched in the year 2010, when it was called Global Green Forum, the event has been effective and impactful in kicking off a discourse on environmentally sustainable policies amongexperts, activists and pioneers of the ecological cause. On October 31, 2015, at BEC in Goregaon, Mumbai, The Global Green Summit united architects, developers, green practitioners, urban planners, policy makers and influencers to promote and discuss the strategic agendas for a sustainable future. Welspun Renewables joined hands with GGS as the Presenting Partner GGS to bring about effective solutions. This year, Dr. Prem C Jain, Chairman IGBC and Mr. Vineet Mittal, Vice Chairman, Welspun Renewables, inaugurated the summit. While Dr. Jain said that he was mighty impressed with the tremendous growth achieved by ACETECH over the years and with the credibility it brings to the Green Building movement through its wide reach, Mr. Mittal added that GGS was unique in every way, especially in getting together the real estate industry under one roof for the cause of sustainable development. Mario Schmidt, Managing Director- Lingel Windows & Doors Technologies energetica

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Dr. P.C. Jain, Chairman- AECOM India, IGBC.

(L-R) Ar. Mukesh Mehta- Chairman , Mm Project Consultants, Prashant Sutaria-Founder, Centre Of Living And Planning For Tomorrow, Amritha Ballal, Founding Partner- Spacematters Design Studio, Mahender Vasandani- President, M Square | Urban Design, Sharad Mahajan- Executive Director , Maharashtra Social Housing And Action League (Mashal) Ngo.

Pvt. Ltd.–The exclusive Sustainable Windows Partner of the event, said that this year the benchmark set by GGS was surpassed an agenda was created that attracted greater participation from the entire industry, while giving a boost to the green movement in India. Also notable at the event, was the ‘Green Hero’ award by Welspun Renewables, launched in collaboration with The Economic Times ACETECH. The award recognizes outstanding non-institutional initiatives for environment sustainability. The initiate received an overwhelming response from green heroes across the country. A careful and detailed study of various experts on the subject was undertaken and an elite Jury panel comprising four members from diverse backgrounds was chosen. Mr. Narayana Peesapaty won the Green Hero award for the uniqueness of his ideaof edible, eco-friendly cutlery and the applicability and scalability of his innovation. His cutlery idea was such that it was meant to not only eliminate the use of

plastic in the segment but also indirectly help the problem of irrigation in the state. The conference was divided into six sessions and the theme of the conference was ‘Transitioning into the Green Economy’. Accordingly key concerns were deliberated based on topics such as Affordable Housing, Role Of Facilities Management Companies In Motivating A Sustainable Culture, Disruptive Grass-Root Innovations For A Sustainable Future, Make In India- The Green Built Environment, Making Renewable Energy Mainstream and Sustainable Smart Cities and expert panels led an interactive discourse in each session. Eminent panelists included, V Suresh (Director, Hirco project companies), Ar. Sanjay Prakash (Principal Consultant, Shift Studio), Gaurav Shorey (PSI Energy), Ar. Jaume Carne (Barcelona), Ar. Ashok Lall (Ashok B. Lall Architects), Ar. Jay Shah (Director, Access Architects) , Ar. Mukesh Mehta (Chairman, MM Project Consultants), Amritha Ballal (Founding Partner, Space Matters Design Studio),

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GLOBAL GREEN SUMMIT

L - Mario Schmidt- MD, Lingel Windows & Doors Technologies Pvt Ltd. R Vineet Mittal, Vice Chairman, Welspun Renewables

Dr. P.C. Jain, Chairman AECOM India, IGBC, Faye D’souza, Editor ET Now, Times Group/ Magicbricks Now, Vineet Mittal, Vice Chairman- Welspun Renewables, Narayana PeesapatyInnovator, Edible Cutlery (Winner Green Heroes Award)

Rajat Malhotra (COO, Integrated Facilities Management, JLL), AneeshKadyan (Director – Operations, CBRE South Asia Pvt. Ltd.), Teddy D’souza (Operations Head, Knauf AMF), Kishor Nair (Head- Renewable Energy Business, Welspun Renewables) , Mario Schmidt (MD- Lingel), Robert Hoellrigl (President – R&D, Design- Encraft ) among others. The first session revolved around the topic, ‘Affordable Housing,’ wherein Sharad Mahajan, Executive Director of a NGO called MASHAL, spoke about the importance of research and analysis, the role of architecture and planning institutions and the necessity of policy makers and designers to make informed decisions. As the event progressed, Mahender Vasandani, President, M Square|Urban Design, disseminated information and knowledge based on his experience, on the role of urban design in creating culture and climate specific housing and on a holistic city experience rather than economically ghettoized enclaves. Prashant Sutaria, Founder of Centre Of Living And Planning For Tomorrow, threw light on the role of architects, in a sector where most attention is paid to policy and planning, especially in the context of environmental sustainability. Ar. Mukesh Mehta shared his insights on participatory planning based on the experience with Dharavi and informed on the ways to balance inclusion with efficiency, transparency and accountability built into the process. Everyone on the Affordable Housing panel agreed that political will was the most important for any significant step to be taken. The second session centered around the ‘Role of facilities management companies in motivating a Sustainable Culture’ and the panel discussed varied aspects, including the life cycle of a building being in the hands of a facility manager yet, he/she having little or no influence on the design, efficiency ratings in sustainable buildings, standards used

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to benchmark a building’s performance, etc. The panel also discussed about the conduct and awareness of occupants and tenants having a big influence on what the Facility Manager can or cannot achieve while operating a building sustainably. Also, the question, how does the Facility Manager propound a Sustainable culture, received eager responses. It was agreed among panellists that reporting about awards received by most sustainable buildings, will create more awareness among investors, occupants, tenants, developers, and Facility Management companies. Nominees of Welspun Renewable’s Green Hero initiative spoke about their innovative ideas in the third session on ‘Disruptive grassroot innovation for a sustainable future’. R N Bhaskar, Consulting Editor, Business India was the moderator for the panel. Narayan Peesapaty, who won the Green Hero award, said that his innovation would help reduce plastic usage and soil pollution and in the long run would help farmers earn more by cultivating jowar. The fourth session on ‘Make-in-India – The Green Built Environment’, moderated by V Suresh, Director, Hirco Projects Companies, highlighted the importance of vernacular architecture and how vernacular methods can solve modern day problems. Ar. Jay Shah from Access Architects gave a presentation on the topic, ‘Jugaad’–Unique Solutions For Unique Problems. The panellists reached a consensus that India needs to develop a unique model before the world which would be a blend of traditional as well as modern. The fifth session, ‘Making Renewable Energy Mainstream- The India Context’, was moderated by Gaurav Shorey, a team member of PSI Energy. Issues of grid compatibility, local operating condition and increasing energy demand were addressed. Shekhar Dutt, Director General, Solar Power Developers Association imparted knowledge

about policy prerogativesand renewable energybased vehicles as supplement to fuel-based ones in urban settings. Balbir Khera, CEO, Surmount Energy, shared his experiences in Africa on how to get solar to the last mile via various collective cost sharing models that are economically viable. Dr. Anjali Parasnis spoke about TERI’s experience in the Ecocity project, DSM initiatives, and wet-land conservation as a DSM feature while Ar. Sandeep Goswami showed the business angle behind why everyone should consider opting for and investing in solar and other renewable energy technologies. Usha Rangarajan presented her case study on the Pimpri Chinchwad New Town Development Authority project wherein the building was put entirely on to solar at no additional cost and she highlighted the impact of working in an “Integrated Design Team”. In the sixth session on Sustainable Smart Cities, the panelists saw a need to ensure alignment of all stakeholders on the understanding of a smart city. The sustainability of a smart city was said to be a conceptually holistic being, a sustainable economic engine preserving the character of the city and one that is designed with systems that minimize the environmental impact of the city’s existence. Again, in the smart cities discussion, resource management was said to be the determining factor of a sustainable smart city. The panellists had a discussion on questions such as, what is the impact of smart cities on energy consumption, what percentage of reduction would be a reasonable and achievable target and if it was possible for smart cities to be net zero in the future. The talk steered towards brainstorming on the systems that one can bring into the designing of a smart city and best operating practices one can put to use to conserve this very important resource. At the same time, Teddy D’souza–the Operations energetica

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GLOBAL GREEN SUMMIT

Ar. Sandeep Goswami- COO , Fountain Head II, Gaurav Shorey, Team Member- PSI Energy, Balbir Khera- Founder, Surmount Energy, Dr. Anjali Parasnis - Associate Director , TERI, Usha Rangarajan - Principal Architect, Landmark Design Group.

Rajat Malhotra, Chief Operating Officer; Integrated Facilities Management, West Asia Current Responsibilities Jones Lang Lasalle, Ar. Jaume Carne- Mataró Municipality (Barcelona), Ar. Ashok Lall- Ashok B. Lall Architects, Swapnil Patil - Swapnil Patil + Partners, Rajesh Phadke – Chief Architect And Planner – Gift City, Mario Schmidt, Managing Director- Lingel Windows & Doors Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Head (India & South Asia) of Knauf AMF India Pvt Ltd, which is the Exclusive Sustainable Ceilings Partner of The Global Green Summit 2015 – felt that the right raw materials are the most essential for the outcome of the right product. “For us sustainability is a part of the manufacturing process. We don’t need to add or subtract anything from the product as the product itself is sustainable,” he added. According to J M Totla, Sr. Vice President (Plastic Piping Division), the government’s initiative of ‘Smart Cities’ is the right step towards building a progressive nation.“ As India is progressing towards becoming a ‘Desirable Global Destination’, the need to improve the core infrastructure elements & quality of life of people at large becomes pertinent,” said Totla. The sessions had the audience in rapt attention and closed to a thunderous applause, providing insights about the future of ecologically sustainable living spaces. energetica

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Ar. Jay Shah- Director , Access Architects, Teddy D’souza- Operations Head, Knauf AMF, Ar. Sanjay Prakash- Principal Consultant , Shift Studio, V Suresh- Director, Hirco Projects Companies, Kartik Punjabi, Chairman & MD - Vijay Punjabi Consultants P Ltd, G.S. Dikondawar- General Manager, Innovation And Technology- The Supreme Industries Ltd.

Rajat Malhotra, Chief Operating Officer; Integrated Facilities Management, West Asia Current Responsibilities Jones Lang Lasalle, Aneesh Kadyan, Director-Operations, CBRE South Asia Pvt Ltd, Shabbir Kachwala- Senior Vice President, K Raheja Corp, Mahentesh Mali - Head Of Operations, Rockstone Real Estate Management , Anup Mathew- Sr. Vice President & Business Head, Godrej Construction, Nitin NagraleChairman, Hospitality Purchasing Managers Forum.

Everyone appreciated the efforts taken to make Global Green Summit, 2015, a successful and truly informative event. Ar. Sanjay Prakash, Principal Consultant from Shift Studio said that the forum was made all the more interesting with the participation of thought leaders and relevant industry players. “I will certainly visit next year too,” said Prakash. Ashok Lall further added that he was very impressed with the consistency of the event year after year and said that the GGS platform brings out the issues and concerns relating to the development of a green future. The way knowledge was disseminated through interaction and discussion, was of particular liking to Prashant Sutaria. “Keep doing this as it’s something which I all really enjoy,” he said. For Rajat Malhotra, the key concern of GGS made for a platform that provides voice to the campaign of sustainability. “This is a fantastic opportunity for business and networking

and it is a forum that gets new technologies and new players in the market under one roof.” Aneesh Kadyan on the other hand found it great that GGS gave expression to voices from the green industry and to ecological pioneers.“This is a great place for a large scale event based on ecology, environment and sustainability. Moreover, it is very well managed, professionally handled and some of the most profound speakers from the industry.” The event also witnessed the presence of Robert Hoellrigl, Head- R&D, ENCRAFT India Pvt. Ltd, which is the Exclusive Sustainable Fenestration Partner of event and is an Indian producer utilizing European technology and specializing in developing products for the Indian market. The company took a bold step, back in 2006, when the decision was made to use lead free material in its products and has introduced a product in the market that achieves excellent thermal properties

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BIOMASS

ENERGETICA INDIA

MNRE-UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project Refinance Scheme In order to overcome challenges facing Indian biomass sector and to improve the viability of projects, funds of Rs. 15 crores from MNRE- UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project are being used for refinancing of loans at concessional interest rates.

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he Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) is implementing a MNRE–UNDP / GEF assisted Project on “Removal of Barriers to Biomass Power Generation in India”. The key objective of the project is to accelerate the adoption of environmentally sustainable biomass power technologies by removing the barriers identified, thereby laying the foundation for the large scale commercialization of biomass power through increased access to financing. Biomass has always been an important energy source for the country considering the benefits and promises it offers. It is a carbon neutral fuel source for the generation of electricity and apart from providing the much needed relief from power shortages; biomass power projects could generate employment in rural areas. As of March 31st, 2015 grid connected biomass power plant capacity stands at 1,410 MW. However, a large number of biomass projects in the recent past have been affected/ suffered difficulties in view of uncertainties in policy/regulatory matters such as low tariffs, higher wheeling and banking charges, cancellation of PPAs, higher transmission & cross subsidy charges, in addition to abnormal escalation of biomass fuel costs apart from the force majeure conditions such as floods, cloud bursts, draught etc. Due to the above unforeseen circumstances, the projects viability & ability to repay the loan has been affected. In order to overcome these difficulties to some extent and to improve the viability of the above projects, it is proposed to use the funds of about Rs. 15 crores from MNRE- UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project for refinancing of their loans outstanding at concessional interest rates.

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biomass power projects could generate employment in rural areas. As of March 31st, 2015 grid connected biomass power plant capacity stands at 1,410 MW

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA), will assist the Project Management Cell (PMC) in the scheme implementation. The Scheme is to be known as the “MNRE-UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project Refinance Scheme” for revival of existing Biomass Projects affected due to unforeseen circumstances”. The support will be provided to biomass projects (maximum 4 no. of projects) where there is a possibility of revival of their operations within short period of time and there is also need to utilize these funds by 31st December 2015. Objectives The proposed Refinance Scheme aims to reduce the cost of debt for Biomass Power Projects by providing refinance at concessional rates of interest, directing funds from the MNRE- UNDP/GEF Biomass power project “Removal of Barriers to Biomass Power Generation in India”. Only grid connected biomass combustion projects would be considered.

Financing Structure IREDA will provide funds received from MNRE- UNDP/GEF Biomass power project by way of refinance to scheduled commercial banks and financial institutions in respect of their lending to the biomass projects. The refinance amount shall in no case be more than Rs. 10 Crores per project. The rate of interest on the refinance from IREDA to Banks/FIs will be two per cent per annum. The scheduled commercial Banks/ FIs are required to provide the refinanced component of loan to the borrower at the same interest rate i.e. two per cent per annum. Repayment period for the refinance amount will be co-terminus with the repayment period of Bank/FIs for that project and the maximum repayment period shall be 10 years apart from moratorium/ grace period of 6 months from the date of disbursement/ release of Refinance Loan. Eligibility Institutions eligible to avail refinance: Scheduled commercial banks and financial institutions would be eligible for refinance under this Scheme. Grant of refinance shall be at the discretion of PMC who would also determine the availability and extent of refinance. The projects are to be selected based on: • Operational Combustion based Biomass grid connected power projects, up to installed capacity of 10 MW. Projects of more than 10 MW may also be considered, however, the refinance amount will be limited to the amount as per pro rata basis up to 10 energética

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BIOMASS

•

•

•

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MW only, subject to maximum refinance amount that can be availed as per scheme i.e. Rs. 10 Crores. Projects viability affected, in view of tariff, abnormal fuel cost escalation issues & Force majeure conditions Projects should have been commissioned during 01.04.2008 and 31.03.2013 Project need to have an operational history for at least 3 year after commissioning of the project and the average 3 year PLF should be at least 20% (in case of plant operated for more than 3 years, then the average PLF of any 3 years) The project shutdown period should not be more than 2 years continuously The project should also have min. of average DSCR of 1.1 after taking into account refinance amount and should be able to service the loan

energetica

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The rate of interest on the refinance from IREDA to Banks/FIs will be two per cent per annum

•

After revival of the project refinance loan amount will be released and in case the project is not revived, the sanction will be forfeited.

Security Security for refinance from MNRE-UNDP/ GEF Biomass Power Project: The credit risk of the loan to the consumer will be fully taken by the scheduled

commercial bank / financial institution. Refinance from MNRE-UNDP/GEF Biomass Power Project would be secured by charge on the book debts of the scheduled commercial bank / financial institution. Additional security such as charge on immovable properties / movable properties, guarantee of government, promoter, sponsor bank, etc. in favour of IREDA may be stipulated at the discretion of IREDA. Security for loans to borrowers at the primary level: The scheduled commercial banks and financial institutions may secure the loans extended by them to the primary borrowers by adequate security in accordance with their internal lending norms. This may include primary security of adequate value in the form of hypothecation / other charge over the assets financed or security of adequate value in the form of other assets

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POWER SECTOR

MR. IMTIAZ AHMED MOBIL SHC BRAND MANAGER- ASIA PACIFIC, EXXONMOBIL LUBRICANTS PRIVATE LTD

Used Oil Analysis for Natural Gas Engines One essential technique to examine engine performance and obtain valuable data on equipment health is through Used Oil Analysis

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he natural gas industry understands the importance of monitoring equipment to improve plant reliability and reduce costs. One important way to monitor engine performance and get valuable data on equipment health is through Used Oil Analysis (UOA). Why test used oil? Used Oil Analysis identifies changes in the oil and/or engine condition, provides early warning of concerns, assists introubleshooting equipment, and maximizes oil, filter, and engine life. Thus, UOA reduces your operating and maintenance costs.UOA benefits are as follows: • Longer engine life - Equipment life can increase 10% to 100% betweenoverhauls. • Longer component life - Contamination identified by used oil analysis can help avoid crankshaft damage in engines, resulting in fewer repairs or replacement parts. • Increased equipment reliability

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Loss of production revenue could range from hours to many days of production. The cost of lost production is many times the cost of the lubricant.

of service. Measured by ASTMD2896 or ASTM D 4739 test methods •

Total Acid Number (TAN) - The change in TAN is useful in monitoring levels of acidic material in the lubricant. This test is recommended for landfill gas engines. Measured by ASTMD664 or ASTM D974

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Water - Water in used lubricant reduces engine life. Various tests can be used. FTIR (Fourier Transfer Infrared) method iscommonly used in this measurement

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Glycol - Glycol in used lubricant reduces engine life and indicates coolant contamination in the oil. Measured by ASTM D2982

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Metals - Typical Wear and Contaminants metals are recorded. Can be measured by ICP (InductivelyCoupled Plasma).

Laboratory tests used in oil analysis? Signum Laboratory tests for natural gas engine oils include: •

Viscosity - Oils with too high or too low of a viscosity may not lubricate your engine properly. Measured by the time for used oil to flow through a calibrated capillary tube at 40° C and 100° C

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Oxidation and Nitration - Prolonged, elevated readings of excessive oxidation and nitration levels result in sludge, varnish, and lacquers that shorten engine life. Measured by IR (Infrared)

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Total Base Number (TBN) - A measure of lubricant depletion and degradation

energética

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WIND ENERGY

ENERGETICA INDIA

Global Wind Market The World Wind Energy Association’s report looks at the global small wind market. The report’s authors are Stefan Gsänger and Jean-Daniel Pitteloud. Definition of Small Wind Technically, there are several definitions of small wind turbines: The most important international standardisation body, the IEC, defines SWTs in standard IEC 61400-2 as having a rotor swept area of less than 200 m2, equating to a rated power of approximately 50 kW generating at a voltage below 1’000 V AC or 1’500 V DC. In addition to this standard, several countries have set up their own definition of small wind. The discrepancy of the upper capacity limit of small wind ranges between 15 kW to 100 kW for the five largest small wind countries. The major pattern of today`s upper limit capacity leans towards 100 kW. This is largely caused by the leading role of the North American and European market. Over the past decades, a growing average size of the small wind capacity has been observed. This pattern is largely caused by the increasing inter-

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est in larger grid-connected systems and a comparatively diminishing market of standalone systems. Nevertheless, in order to create a standardised and healthy small wind market share, an agreeable definition of small wind should be agreed upon. This report intends to bring forward the discussion on the definition of small wind and aims to create eventually a unanimous international classification system of small wind accepted by all parties of the industry. For the purpose of generating comparable graphs, figures and charts in this report, 100 kW is chosen as the temporary reference point. The definition, however, requires further discussion until a globally harmonised agreement is reached. In practise, the major pattern of today’s upper limit capacity leans towards 100 kW, although the IEC defines a limit of equivalent to 50 kW. In order to create a standardised and healthy small wind mar-

ket share, an agreeable definition of small wind should be agreed upon. This report intends to bring forward the discussion on the definition of small wind and aims to create eventually a unanimous international classification system of small wind accepted by all parties of the industry. For the purpose of generating comparable graphs, figures and charts in this report, 100 kW is chosen as the temporary reference point. The definition, however, requires further discussion, until a globally harmonised agreement is reached. Small Wind World Market: Growth at Lower Pace After several years of continuous growth, 2013 was a challenging year for the small wind industry. The three biggest markets suffered a decrease in the number of units installed in a year. As of the end of 2013, a cumulative total of at least 870’000 small energética

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WIND ENERGY

wind turbines were installed all over the world. This is an increase of 8% (10% in 2012) compared with the previous year, when 806’000 units were registered. The numbers presented here are based on available figures and even exclude major markets such as India and Italy. WWEA therefore estimates an actual total number of more than one million units to be installed worldwide. China continues clearly to be the market leader in terms of installed units: 55’000 units were added in 2013, 15’000 less than in 2012, reaching 625’000 units installed by the end of 2013. The Chinese market gained 2% of the global market during 2013; it now represents 72% of the world market in terms of total installed units. According to estimations, around half of the turbines continue to produce electricity in China given that this market started already in the early 1980s. In parallel with the 2013 decline in overall US wind installations, the small wind industry saw also a major decrease in new installations, although a bit less dramatic: 2’700 units were sold during 2013 (3’700 in 2012). With a total cumulative units installed of 157’700, USA is the second largest market, clearly behind China, but well ahead of a number of medium-sized small wind markets. The changes in the feed-in scheme introduced in the UK in November 2012 had a big impact on the market reducing the deployment of sub-50 kW new turbines by energetica

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

This report intends to bring forward the discussion on the definition of small wind and aims to create eventually a unanimous international classification system of small wind accepted by all parties of the industry nearly 80%. Only 500 units were installed in the UK during 2013, a decrease of 86% compared with 2012 and the lowest level for four years. Germany, Canada, Japan and Argentina are all medium-sized markets with total

number of small wind turbines between 7’000 and 14’500 units. 12% Increase in Global Small Wind Capacity The recorded small wind capacity installed worldwide has reached more than 755 MW as of the end of 2013. This represents a growth of more than 12% compared with 2012, when 678MW were registered. In terms of installed capacity, China accounts for 41% of the global capacity, the USA for 30% and UK for 15%. The USA small wind market grew by 5,6 MW in 2013, a 70% decline in new capacity compared with 18,4 MW in 2012. The small wind market accounted for $36 million in investment. Iowa, Nevada and California remained the leading states for cumulative small wind capacity1. In the UK, the sub-50 kW saw a dramatic decrease, installing in average 32 units per

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WIND ENERGY

month while in 2012, 181 units were installed in monthly average. In total, 26 MW were installed during 2013, 87% of them in the range 50-100kW, 4% in the range 15-50kW and 9% in the range 0-15kW. Globally, the average size of small wind turbines continues to grow: In 2010, the average installed size was 0, 66 kW, in 2011 0, 77 kW, in 2012 0, 84 kW, and in 2013 it has already reached 0,85 kW. Country wise, the average size is quite diverse: While the average Chinese turbine has a capacity of 0,5 kW, small wind turbines in the US have an average capacity of 1,4 kW and in the UK the capacity has reached 4,7 kW (after 3,7 kW in 2012). Small Wind Turbine Manufacturing Five countries (Canada, China, Germany the UK and the USA) account for over 50% of the small wind manufacturers. By the end of 2011, over 330 small wind manufacturers have been identified in the world offering complete, one-piece commercialised generation systems, and an estimate of over 300 additional firms supplying parts, technology, consulting and sales services. Based on the world distribution of turbine manufacturers, the production of small wind remains concentrated in few world regions: in China, in North America and in several European countries. Developing countries continue to play a minor role in small wind manufacturing. More than 120 new small wind manufacturers were established between 2000 and

62

After several years of continuous growth, 2013 was a challenging year for the small wind industry. The three biggest markets suffered a decrease in the number of units installed in a year 2010 worldwide. China alone has an exceptional manufacturing capacity of more than 180’000 units per annum (as of 2011). Technology and Major Applications The early horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) technology has dominated the market for over 30 years. Based on the study of 327 small wind manufacturers as of the end of 2011, 74% of the commercialised one-piece small wind manufacturers invested in the horizontal axis orientation, while only 18% have adopted the vertical design (VAWT). 6% of the manufactures have attempted to develop both technologies. The majority of the vertical axis models have been developed in the past five to seven years, and their market share remains relatively small. The average rated capacity of VAWT is estimated to be 7, 4 kW with a median rated capacity of

merely 2,5 kW. In comparison with the traditional horizontal axis orientation, the average and median rated capacity are much smaller. Out of the 157 models of vertical turbines catalogued in this report, 88% are below 10 kW and 75% are below 5 kW. This corresponds well with the actual market demand, as the average unit sold in 2011 had a capacity of 1, 6 kW. Despite a market trend that leans towards a grid-tied system with larger capacity, off-grid applications continue to play an important role in remote areas of developing countries. Off-grid applications include rural residential electrification, telecommunication stations, off-shore generation, and hybrid systems with batteries and other sources like solar. Over 80 % of the manufacturers produce stand aloneapplications. In China, off-grid units comprised 97% of the market in 2009, and 2,4 million households still lack electricity. In USA, off-grid small wind turbines account for most of the units deployed in distributed wind applications. For these reasons off-grid systems will continue to play a significant role, in China and in many other countries with non-electrified areas. In the future, significant growth of offgrid applications is expected in particular in India and in African countries. Driving Factors Costs In the USA, the installed cost estimates of top ten small wind turbine models in 2011 ranged between $2’300/kW and energetica

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

WIND ENERGY

$10’000/kW, and the average installed cost of all SWTs in 2013 was $6’940/kW. The Chinese small wind industry yielded, in comparison, a significantly lower average turnover of 12’000 Yuan/kW (1’900 USD – 1’500 EUR) in 2011. In the UK, the average installed costs in 2013 was 3’895 £/kW (5’873 USD/kW). Policies Like most other renewable energy technologies, the success of the small wind market depends on stable and appropriate support schemes. Today, feed-in tariffs (FITs), net metering, tax credits, and capital subsidies are the major energy policies geared specifically towards small wind. The small wind sector has especially benefited from the growing global trend of FITs. Unfortunately, only few countries have yet implemented specific FIT schemes for small wind which can be seen as the best tool for grid-connected small wind. In the UK, recent changes in the policy framework for small wind have negatively impact the industry. In November 2012, the government have merged all turbines under 100 kW to the same FiT. This change brought financial advantage for turbines in the range of 50-100kW. In April 2014, the government introduced an excessive FiT degression mechanism to which the industry is unable to respond. Denmark has recently set up a new FIT for small wind with attractive remuneration rates which may create a major new market in this European country in the near future. However, new policies need to be designed and implemented in order to boost the market for offgrid and minigrid systems. Microcredit schemes, in conjunction with loan guarantees provided by public institutions, seem to be promising approaches World Market Forecast 2020 As of information coming by mid 2015, the global small wind market saw a decrease during 2013, but was expected to grow again from mid 2015 mainly because an increase in the installations in China and USA. A minimum growth rate of 13% is anticipated to continue until 2015, reaching an annual installation of 125 MW of SWTs.

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SMALL WIND FEED-IN TARIFF PRICING WORLDWIDE Country/Region

Size Limit

EUR/kWh Canada

Novo Scotia

< 50kW

0,350 China

off-grid

0,2–3kW

0,140

on-grid

5-20kW

0,110

1-10kW

0,185

< 10kW

0,330

10-25kW

0,200

Greece

< 50kW

0,250

Italy

< 1MW

0,300

< 15kW

0,250

15-50kW

0,320

< 20kW

0,418

≥ 20kW

0,167

< 10kW

0,081

11-350kW

0,075

> 351kW

0,064

Portugal

< 3,68kW

0,432

Slovenia

< 1 MW

0,095

Switzerland

< 10MW

0,179

UK

< 100kW

0,207

Chinese Taipei

Denmark

Israel

Japan

Lithuania

USA Hawaii

< 100kW

0,110

Vermont

< 15kW

0,200

Table. Small Wind Feed-in Tariff Pricing Worldwide

Within this time frame, individual countries and the international small wind community will be able to establish more rigorous and structured standards and policies to regulate the market and support investments. WWEA is planning to set up a global body which will support this process and help the small wind sector to mature and grow. It is also expected that, due to an increasing interest in electrification of remote ar-

eas, small wind will see major new market prospects in offgrid applications. Based on a conservative assumption, the market could subsequently see a steady compound growth rate of 20% from 2015 to 2020. The industry is forecasted to reach approximately 300MW of newly installed capacity added annually in 2020 and achieves a cumulative installed capacity of about 2GW by 2020 energetica

INDIA

· NOV | DEC15

PRODUCTS WAAREE’s 345 Wp Photovoltaic Module Waaree Energies Limited’s high performance WSM345 Monocrystalline solar modules use high efficiency Monocrystalline cells. This Module delivers an Industry leading 17.8% efficiency with positive power tolerance. WSM-345 modules have lower LID (Light Induced Degradation) and offers higher return on investment with more wattsper-module. Its best-in-class efficiency ensures savings on balance-of-system and the space required for installation. These modules have undergone rigorous in-house tests, exceeding International standards to withstand various operating conditions. Salient Features • Positive tolerance Modules • Excellent generation performance with reasonable cost • Undergoes rigorous quality control and inhouse testing • 100% Electroluminescence test to ensure error free Modules • Heavy duty anodized Aluminium frames with predrilled holes for quick installation • Salt mist corrosion resistance and Ammonia corrosion resistance • Long lasting and high efficiency modules • Withstands hail, snow and ice storms

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Electrical Characteristics* Nominal Maximum Power (Pm) in Watts Power tolerance Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) in Volts

345 0/+5W 46.55

Short Circuit Current (Isc) in Amps

9.89

Voltage at Maximum Power (Vmp) in Volts

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Current at Maximum Power (Imp) in Amps

8.98

Maximum System Voltage in Volts

1000

Module Efficiency (%)

17.78

Maximum Series Fuse Rating (A)

15

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