Town of
Montpelier Kewaunee County, Wisconsin
2016 Addendum
to the
Comprehensive Plan
July 2016
Community Planning & Consulting, LLC Green Bay, Wisconsin www.communityplanningandconsulting.com
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Chapter 1: Introduction
Current Plan The Town of Montpelier adopted its current comprehensive plan in 2006 as part of the ‘Kewaunee Communities 2025 Comprehensive Plan’, a multijurisdiction planning process undertaken in partnership with the Village of Casco and the Towns of Casco, Carlton, Lincoln, and West Kewaunee. Development of the document was funded in part through a comprehensive planning grant provided by the Wisconsin Department of Administration. Under the state’s Comprehensive Planning Law (Chapter 66.1001(2)(i), Wis. Stats.), an adopted comprehensive plan must be updated at least once every ten years. This ‘2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan’ (Addendum) represents the official ten-year update of the 2006 document.
Why an Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan? An addendum is an addition to an existing document intended to supplement the original text. The Town of Montpelier chose to add to, not revise, the current plan since much of the information contained within it remains relevant ten years after its adoption. This Addendum includes updated demographic data, a reexamination of each element contained in the original plan, an updated future land use map, and a revised implementation chapter. Community Planning & Consulting, Montpelier’s planning consultant, assisted in its development.
Chapter 2: Issues & Opportunities Public Participation The planning process kicked-off with a Community Engagement Session held at the Montpelier Town Hall on January 27, 2016. The purposes of the meeting were to describe the plan update process, present updated demographic data, and hold a visioning exercise the results of which guided the development of the 2016 Addendum. The results of that exercise begin on the following page. The numbers appearing in parentheses indicate multiple responses.
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
By 2036, housing in the Town of Montpelier includes: •
•
-
Senior housing (5) - Senior cabins/cottages/granny flats (2) - Small retirement community - Senior care units - Senior apartments, condominiums - Five bedroom/1 kitchen units Single-family housing (3)
• • •
Located on unproductive agricultural land Apartments - For farm workers Duplexes Small subdivision for families with children
By 2036, the transportation system in the Town of Montpelier includes: •
•
•
Personal vehicles (4) - Alternative fuel vehicles - Electric vehicles Farm equipment (3) - Special roads for manure haulers - Less manure transportation ATVs, golf carts
• • • • •
Car service/taxi Horses Revert some paved roads to gravel Safe, quality roads Transportation for seniors - ‘Uber’ for seniors
By 2036, economic development in the Town of Montpelier includes: • • • • •
Home-based businesses (4) Hi-speed/broadband internet (2) Agriculture-related businesses (2) - Manure digester Alternative energy production Daycare facilities
• • • •
Electronic services [technology] Large farms Small businesses (mechanical, electrical, welding) Small manufacturing
By 2036, parks & recreational opportunities in the Town of Montpelier includes: •
• • •
Trails (4) - ATVs - Bicycles (2) - Hiking - Recreational - Snowmobiling ATV park Charge admission Family park in small subdivision
Town of Montpelier
• • • • • •
2
Farm-focused museum Fishing & hunting No need for parks and recreational opportunities Off-road park Physical exercise class Sled park
Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
By 2036, the Town of Montpelier has successfully preserved: • •
• •
Farmland (4) Clean water (4) - Groundwater - Lakes - Streams and waterways (2) Hunting land (3) Clean air (2)
• • • • •
Woods (2) - Plant trees Low crime Open spaces Rural character Small town community, with some growth
Presentation of First Draft The first draft of this Addendum was presented for discussion before the Town of Montpelier Plan Commission and general public on March 14, 2016 at the Town Hall. Prior to the presentation the document was posted to the Community Planning & Consulting website where it remained for review until the Addendum was formally adopted by the Town of Montpelier Board of Supervisors.
Plan Commission Review Following the presentation, the Plan Commission met to review the document and identify desired revisions. The meeting was duly posted and open to the public. Following the meeting, the draft Addendum was prepared for Public Hearing.
Public Hearing & Adoption A Public Hearing on this Addendum was held on June 27, 2016 at the Town Hall. Following revisions necessitated by testimony submitted for the hearing testimony, the Plan Commission recommended adoption of the Addendum to the Town Board. The Town of Montpelier Board of Supervisors adopted the 2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan on July 12, 2016.
Chapter 3: Community Profile Introduction The demographic data information presented throughout Chapter 3 is drawn from the 2000 and 2010 US Censuses and the American Community Survey (ACS). The 2000 Census was the last to utilize the long survey format. Beginning in 2010, the US Census Bureau distributed an abbreviated survey instrument that resulted in the collection of much more limited data. The 2010 Census has since been supplemented with additional information gathered through the ACS. The ACS is an ongoing statistical survey by the Census Bureau. It regularly gathers information previously contained in the long form of the decennial census. The data listed under the ‘2014’ table headings that appear throughout this document result from the most recent ACS for Wisconsin municipalities.
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Population Profile Table 1 shows the population of each municipality in Kewaunee County by decade beginning with 1970. As of 2015, the Town of Montpelier has an estimated population of 1,295, down 12.5% from a high of 1,457 in 1980. Based upon algorithms developed by the Wisconsin Department of AdministrationDemographic Services Center, Montpelier can anticipate a relatively steady population during the next two decades (see Table 2). Table 1: Population of Kewaunee County Municipalities, 1970-2010
940 1,014 1,165 993 948 1,469
Change, 19702010 7.1% -8.2% 19.0% 2.8% -3.7% 13.4%
Change, 20002010 -3.8% 1.4% 1.0% -0.4% -0.9% 4.8%
1,371
1,306
2.6%
-4.7%
897 1,476 1,287 572 1,935 3,351 2,806 20,187
833 1,393 1,296 583 2,515 3,167 2,952 20,574
15.7% 6.5% 8.5% 21.2% 194.8% -21.3% 147.0% 8.5%
-7.1% -5.6% 0.7% 1.9% 30.0% -5.5% 5.2% 1.9-%
M unicipality
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
T. Ahnapee T. Carlton T. Casco T. Franklin T. Lincoln T. Luxemburg
878 1,105 979 966 984 1,295
948 1,140 1,001 1,062 967 1,468
941 1,041 1,010 990 996 1,387
977 1,000 1,153 997 957 1,402
T. Montpelier
1,273
1,457
1,369
T. Pierce T. Red River T. West Kewaunee V. Casco V. Luxemburg C. Algoma C. Kewaunee Kewaunee County
720 1,308 1,195 481 853 4,023 1,195 18,961
790 1,431 1,294 484 1,040 3,656 2,801 19,539
724 1,407 1,215 544 1,151 3,353 2,750 18,878
Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration-Demographic Services Center
Table 2: Projected Population of Kewaunee County Municipalities, 2020-2035 M unicipality
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
T. Ahnapee T. Carlton T. Casco T. Franklin T. Lincoln T. Luxemburg
925 1,020 1,170 985 925 1,470
935 1,045 1,215 1,005 925 1,515
945 1,075 1,260 1,020 930 1,565
945 1,095 1,300 1,035 930 1,610
930 1,095 1,310 1,025 905 1,615
Change, 20152035 0.5% 7.4% 12.0% 4.1% -2.2% 9.9%
1,295
1,310
1,320
1,330
1,305
0.8%
815 1,380 1,320 585 2,595
825 1,395 1,375 600 2,760
835 1,410 1,425 620 2,930
840 1,415 1,475 635 3,090
825 1,395 1,490 635 3,185
1.2% 1.1% 12.9% 8.6% 22.7%
T. Montpelier T. Pierce T. Red River T. West Kewaunee V. Casco V. Luxemburg
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan C. Algoma C. Kewaunee Kewaunee County
3,115 2,905 20,505
3,140 2,970 21,015
3,150 3,040 21,515
3,150 3,090 21,940
3,080 3,075 21,870
-1.1% 5.9% 6.7%
Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration-Demographic Services Center
A declining population is common in rural townships located at the fringe of a metropolitan region, particularly in a post-recession climate. The main challenges posed by population contraction are a declining tax base (resulting in increased per capita costs associated with road repair, infrastructure replacement, and the like), decreasing school enrollment, and falling home prices. The primary causes tend to be the emigration of young people seeking employment opportunities and affordable housing in larger communities and seniors aging out of their homes. Population Characteristics • • • •
Gender – 52.4% male, 47.6% female. Race – 99.8% white; 0.2% white & American Indian. Median Age – 44.6 (35.6 in 2000). Population density – 37 persons per square mile (36 in 2000). Figure 1: Population by Select Age Group in Town of Montpelier, 2000 and 2014 450
417
401
400 324
350 Number
300
315 270 244
250 200
100
2000
138 129
150 90
2014
87 54
52
40
50
16
0 Under 5 years
5 to 19
20 to 24
25 to 44
45 to 64
65 to 84
85 and older
Age Groups Source: US Census and American Community Survey
Figure 1 compares the population of select age groups as a percentage of the total population for the years 2000 and 2014. In 2000, residents younger than age 45 accounted for 66% of the total population. By 2014 that number had fallen to 51%. Meanwhile, the population of residents 45 years of age and older increased
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan by 25%, from 469 to 586. Rural communities like Montpelier are aging faster than the national average. As the baby boom generation (those born between 1946 and 1964) reaches retirement, communities around the country will have to shift resources to address the needs of a growing population of seniors. The age groups represented in Figure 1 are important from a local planning perspective. Declines or expansions within these groups provide local government with opportunities to target limited capital resources to areas of greatest need (i.e., housing, parks & recreation, transportation systems, etc.). Each group has a particular set of characteristics and needs that must be addressed by local, county, and state government. These are presented in Table 3. Table 3: Characteristics and Needs of Select Age Groups Age Group Under 5
Description
Characteristics
Community Needs
Infants, toddlers, and pre-school / kindergarten
Entirely dependent upon others
Healthcare, daycare, schools
5 to 19
School aged children and young adults
Dependent upon others for lodging, food, education, and most other needs
Schools, parks, sports fields, safe pedestrian and bicycle facilities, part-time employment
20 to 24
Post high school young adults; job and career training (college, trades, military, etc.)
Somewhat dependent upon others for certain needs
Affordable rental housing, part- and full-time employment opportunities, multi-modal transportation systems, entertainment, coffee shops, high-speed/broadband internet access
24 to 44
Established adults
Increasing earning and spending potential; traditional child-raising years
Community needs include diversity in housing choices, public safety, healthcare, dining alternatives, family-friendly entertainment options, diverse retail, childcare services, career opportunities, banking and insurance, high-speed/broadband internet access
45 to 64
Mature adults
Prime earning years, often ‘empty nesters’
Similar to previous group with less emphasis on programs, facilities, and services for youth, high-speed/broadband internet access
65 to 84
Retirement-age
Decreased earning from employment, sustained activity level, increasing healthcare costs
Community needs include healthcare, multimodal transportation alternatives, recreation opportunities, diverse housing options, highspeed/broadband internet access
85 and older
Post retirement
Decreased earning, spending, and activity level
Similar to previous group with greater emphasis on around the clock care
Town of Montpelier
6
Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Household Profile Introduction Nationwide, trends have shifted toward an increase in the number of households with a corresponding decrease in the average number of persons per household. The main reasons for decreases in household size include lower birth rates, people waiting longer to get married, and increases in average life span (resulting in more seniors living alone). Households & Household Size The number of persons living in Montpelier’s households is decreasing This is significant since a decrease in household size means that more housing units will be needed to support the population even if the overall population remains the same. While the Town is projected to grow by less than 1% during the next two decades, the anticipated number of households is forecasted to increase by nearly eight times that rate. The 502 households in Montpelier in 2010 included: • • • • • •
Table 4: Actual and Projected Households & Average Household Size for the Town of Montpelier and Kewaunee County, 2010-2035 Town of M ontpelier Year
Total Households
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
502 508 520 531 544 540
Avg. Household Size 2.60 2.55 2.52 2.49 2.45 2.42
Kewaunee County Total Households 8,239 8,367 8,673 8,995 9,302 9,360
Avg. Household Size 2.50 2.45 2.42 2.39 2.36 2.34
Source: Wisconsin Department of Administration-Demographic Services Center
373 family households. 25 with male householder, no wife present. 19 with female householder, no husband present. Average family size of 3.03 persons. 129 non-family households. 113 of which were single individuals (67 male, 46 female).
For additional information related to housing, please refer to Chapter 4: Housing beginning on page 13.
Education Profile Educational Attainment Educational attainment is considered a key quality of life indicator and critical factor in determining economic development opportunities. Generally, a high level of attainment reflects a skilled population with higher earnings potential. In 2011, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that a person with an Associate’s degree is likely to earn nearly $7,000 more per year than someone with just a high school diploma, while those with a Bachelors or Masters degree will earn $21,000 and $34,000 more, respectively.
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan Figure 2: Highest Level of Educational Attainment of Population Age 25 Years and Older in the Town of Montpelier, 2000 and 2014 60
54.3
50 36.1
Percent
40
27.3
30 20
2000
16.3
13.6 12.2
10.4
8.2
5.9
10
10.8
2014 3
1.7
0 No HS Diploma
HS Diploma, Some College, Associates or equivalent no degree Degree
Bachelors Degree
Graduate Degree
Level of Educational Attainment Source: US Census and American Community Survey
Municipality
Figure 3: Percent of Population Age 25 Years and Older with Associates Degree or Higher, 2014 23.4 20.7 21.5 25.1 21.1 21.6 22.5
T. Ahnapee T. Carlton T. Casco T. Franklin T. Lincoln T. Luxemburg T. Montpelier T. Pierce T. Red River T. West Kewaunee V. Casco V. Luxemburg C. Algoma C. Kewaunee Kewaunee County
27.7 31 23.6 29.2 34.3 18.7 21.1 23.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Percent Source: American Community Survey
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan As Figure 2 shows, the level of educational attainment among Montpelier’s residents is rising. The number of people 25 years of age and older that have attended college or earned a college degree rose from 32.1% in 2000 to 51.5% as of the 2014 ACS, while those who’s level of attainment peaked at a high school diploma decreased from 54.3% to 36.1%. Figure 3 presents the percentage of the population of the Kewaunee municipalities aged 25 years and older with Associates degree or higher in 2014.
Economic Profile Introduction The economic profile describes the local economy via a set of broadly focused data related to income, poverty rate, and employment. Economic conditions have a direct impact on the supply, demand, and costs of housing, infrastructure, and other services within a community. The information presented below and on the following pages offers a general description of key economic indicators. For a more thorough look at Montpelier’s economy, please refer to Chapter 8: Economic Development beginning on page 36. Income
Table 5: Comparison of Median Household Income of Kewaunee County Municipalities, 2000 and 2014 M unicipality
2000
2014
T. Ahnapee T. Carlton T. Casco T. Franklin T. Lincoln T. Luxemburg
$47,500 $50,227 $46,250 $52,019 $42,188 $54,875
$62,955 $55,417 $66,875 $66,176 $52,727 $73,611
Change, 2000-2013 32.5% 10.3% 44.6% 27.2% 25.0% 34.1%
$51,000
$60,083
17.8%
$43,000 $47,833 $47,059 $44,583 $45,000 $35,029 $36,420 $43,824 $43,791 $41,994
$46,136 $64,219 $59,145 $44,545 $56,000 $40,313 $49,710 $53,588 $52,413 $53,046
7.3% 34.3% 25.7% -0.8% 24.4% 15.1% 36.5% 22.3% 19.7% 25.0%
T. Montpelier T. Pierce T. Red River T. West Kewaunee V. Casco V. Luxemburg C. Algoma C. Kewaunee Kewaunee County Wisconsin United States
Median household income is the most common category of income used for planning purposes. Households include individuals or groups of people (family Source: US Census and American Community Survey and nonfamily) living together in a single dwelling unit. The median figure represents the middle point (as opposed to an average) of household income. The 2014 median household income in the Town of Montpelier was $60,083, an increase of nearly 18% from 2000 and slightly lower than the countywide average of 22.3%. Poverty
In 2000, 1.7% of families and 3.8% of individuals in the Town reported incomes falling below the poverty threshold as defined by the US Department of Health & Human Services. By 2014, poverty status for families and individuals had increased to 4.8% and 5.9% respectively. Countywide, the numbers were 6.5% and 9.4%. Nearly one out of every ten (9.5%) Montpelier residents age 65 years and older reported incomes below poverty level in 2014. Employment
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Agriculture and agriculture-related industries dominate Montpelier’s economy. Most residents not engaged in farming find employment outside of the Town, primarily elsewhere in Kewaunee County, the Green Bay metropolitan area, or in the Fox Cities. As of the 2014 ACS, there were 644 employed residents out of a civilian labor force totaling 657, for an unemployment rate of 1% (the Town had 753 employed residents and a 1.5% unemployment rate in 2000). The top industries in terms of total employment of residents in 2014 were: manufacturing (19.6%); agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, mining (17.9%); education services, health care, and social assistance (14.9%); retail trade (11.0%); and professional, scientific, and management (8.1%). These five sectors accounted for more than eighty percent of the Town’s employed workforce. Table 6: Employment by Industry Sector for Residents of the Town of Montpelier, 2000 and 2014 Sector
2000
Professional, scientific, and management Transportation, warehousing, and utilities Arts, entertainment, and recreation Information Education services, health care, and social assistance Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, mining Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Public administration Construction Manufacturing Other service, accept public administration Wholesale trade
2014
Change, 20002014 Number Percent 27 108.0%
Number 25
Percent 3.4%
Number 52
Percent 8.1%
23
3.1%
47
7.3%
24
104.3%
25 5 86
3.4% 0.7% 11.7%
34 6 96
5.3% 0.9% 14.9%
9 1 10
36.0% 20.0% 11.6%
112
15.2%
115
17.9%
3
2.7%
75 34 12 61 226 33
10.2% 4.6% 1.6% 8.3% 30.6% 4.5%
71 26 9 40 126 17
11.0% 4.0% 1.4% 6.2% 19.6% 2.6%
-4 -8 -3 -21 -100 -16
-5.3% -23.5% -25.0% -34.4% -44.2% -48.5%
21
2.8%
5
0.8%
-16
-76.2%
Source: US Census and American Community Survey
Commuting Patterns
1
One of the economic strengths of Kewaunee County is its interconnectedness to the broader regional economy. Interstate 43 and State Highways 29, 42, and 54 provide convenient access to markets in Green Bay and Milwaukee, among others. The most significant relationship exists between Kewaunee and Brown County. More residents of Kewaunee County travel west each day than their Brown County counterparts (3,595 versus 1,342). A sizable number of residents also commute to Door and Manitowoc Counties. The average commute for a Kewaunee County worker is twenty-three minutes. 1
Source: Kewaunee County Economic and Workforce Profile, Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, 2013.
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
Regional Trends
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
The 2015 projected employment forecast for the Green Bay region (including Kewaunee County) is surpassed only by the Madison and Oshkosh-Neenah MSAs in the state. However, a comparison of 2015 forecast with that of 2006 dramatically illustrates the lingering effects of the national economic downturn. Continuing growth within the state and national economy indicates that future forecasts will trend towards higher employment, though not necessarily within the same industry sectors or reaching the numbers experienced prior to the Great Recession; at least in the near term. 2
State Trends
The Wisconsin economy grew at a moderate pace in 2013 and will gain steam in 2014. The Wisconsin economy, as measured by personal income, grew 3.9% in 2012, just below the 4.2% growth nationwide. Wisconsin personal income should post growth of 2.9% in 2013 and will grow 4.0% in 2014. Employment in Wisconsin added around 30,000 jobs per year in 2012 and 2013. The forecast calls for increases of more than 40,000 jobs per year in 2014 and 2015. Wisconsin employment will grow 1.5% in 2014 and 1.7% in 2015 and 2016. The forecast for Wisconsin and U.S. employment calls for a continuation in economic recovery. Several factors are in play to give some steam to the economic recovery: improved consumer sentiment and consumer spending, a recovering housing sector, and healthy exports growth. The state economy followed the national economy into the recession and it shows a similar pattern in the recovery. Total Wisconsin employment was projected to return to its 2008 peak level of 2.9 million jobs by mid-2015.
Summary Like most of its municipal neighbors, the Town of Montpelier is a rural community with a relatively stable population and limited housing options and employment opportunities within its boundaries. As of 2014 ACS, it ranks 7th in population among Kewaunee County’s fourteen municipalities. Based upon projections, it will grow slightly during the next twenty years stabilizing at around 1,300 people. As with most rural towns, Montpelier is aging. Its median age increased from 35.6 years in 2000 to 44.6 in 2014. The bulk of the baby boom generation is rapidly approaching retirement age and will force the Town to reevaluate past strategies related to housing, transportation, and senior services, among others. The goals, objectives, and policies presented throughout the remainder of this plan are intended to aid in addressing these challenges while maintaining the rural character of the community.
Chapter 3: Housing Introduction Housing is a prominent feature of the built environment and a driver of transportation patterns; a consumptive good and an investment for building financial security; a determinant of social interaction 2
Excerpted from the Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Wisconsin Economic Outlook: Winter 2014.
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan and achievement; and a symbol of familial connections and personal history. The type of housing desired by residents varies depending on age, income, marital status, and family size, among other variables. A sufficient supply of high quality, well-designed housing is vital to a healthy and prosperous community.
Housing Vision Through fairly administered land use policies and development procedures, the Town of Montpelier will work with landowners and developers to diversify its housing stock in order to provide the array of residential living options necessary to meet the evolving needs of its current and future residents.
Current Supply The Town of Montpelier had 473 total housing units as of the 2014 ACS. Of those, 440 were single-family structures. The remainder includes mobile homes and a small number of duplexes. The housing options currently available in the community may not fit everyone’s needs. For reasons of affordability, mobility, and lifestyle, some may prefer alternatives to owner-occupied homes. During the next two decades senior housing developments, secondary suites, high-quality rental units, and condominiums will become increasingly desirable housing options in the community. Thirty-three units were vacant as of 2014. Age Fifty-four percent of Montpelier’s housing units were built before 1970 and the advent of modern building codes. Of those, 185 (or 39% of total units) were constructed prior to World War II. Age alone is not indicative of condition, Table 7: Median Cost of Owner-Occupied Homes in however, it is assumed Kewaunee County Municipalities, 2000 and 2014 that older structures will need more frequent and M unicipality 2000 2014 Change, costly maintenance. Cost Table 7 compares the cost of owner-occupied homes for Kewaunee County municipalities in the years 2000 and 2014. The median value of an owneroccupied home in the Town of Montpelier following the 2014 ACS was $166,900, an increase of 50.4% from 2000.
T. Ahnapee T. Carlton T. Casco T. Franklin T. Lincoln T. Luxemburg
$94,800 $94,300 $106,000 $106,000 $88,300 $118,100
T. Montpelier
$111,000
T. Pierce T. Red River T. West Kewaunee V. Casco V. Luxemburg C. Algoma C. Kewaunee Kewaunee County
$99,500 $122,200 $98,100 $90,400 $109,800 $73,600 $80,100 $92,100
$163,600 $145,300 $171,200 $157,500 $153,100 $174,700
2000 to 2014 Number Percent $68,800 72.6% $51,000 54.1% $65,200 61.5% $51,500 48.6% $64,800 73.4% $56,600 47.9%
$166,900 $55,900 $166,800 $186,500 $172,500 $128,300 $157,700 $97,100 $98,800 $145,600
$67,300 $64,300 $74,400 $37,900 $47,900 $23,500 $18,700 $53,500
50.4% 67.6% 52.6% 75.8% 41.9% 43.6% 31.9% 23.3% 58.1%
Source: US Census and American Community Survey
Town of Montpelier
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Kewaunee County
Value
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Following the 2000 Census, nearly eighty percent of the owner-occupied housing units in Montpelier were valued below $150,000. By the 2014 ACS the numbers had shifted so that 60% of such units were valued at $150,000 or more. See Table 8 on the following page for owner-occupied units by value in 2000 and 2014. Table 8: Comparison of Owner-Occupied Housing Units by Value in the Town of Montpelier, 2000 and 2014 Value Less than $50,000 $50,000 to $99,999 $100,000 to $149,999 $150,000 to $199,999 $200,000 to $299,999 $300,000 to $499,999 $500,000 to $999,999 $1,000,000 or more
2000 Number Percent 14 % 70 % 84 % 32 % 8 % 3 % -% -%
2014 Number Percent 17 4.2% 48 11.9% 96 23.8% 99 24.6% 102 25.3% 32 7.9% 9 2.2% ---
Change, 2000 to 2014 Number Percent 3 2.1% -22 -31.4% 12 14.3% 67 209.4% 94 1,175.0% 29 966.7% -----
Source: US Census Bureau and American Community Survey
Affordability The affordability of housing is determined by answering the question, “Does the cost of housing match the ability of residents to pay for it?” Income is the primary factor, not price or availability, that determines housing affordability. HUD’s formula compares current income to existing housing costs. Under these guidelines, housing is considered affordable when it costs no more than 30% of total household income, on a monthly and annual basis. Residents should be able to live in safe and decent housing for less than one-third of their household income. Families who pay more than thirty percent of their income for housing are considered cost burdened and may have difficulty affording necessities such as food, clothing, transportation and medical care.3
Table 9: Percentage of Monthly Income Allocated to Housing in the Town of Montpelier, 2014 Percent of Income
Number of H ouseholds
Percent of H ouseholds
O wner-occupied H ousing, with M ortgage Less than 20% 51 24.1% 20% to 24.9% 52 24.5% 25% to 29.9% 22 10.4% 30% to 34.9% 17 8.0% 35% or more 70 33.0% Renter-occupied H ousing Less than 15% 15 55.6% 15% to 19.9% 5 18.5% 20% to 24.9% 2 7.4% 25% to 29.9% 2 7.4% 30% to 34.9% --35% or more 3 11.1%
As of 2014, two out of every five owner-occupied Source: US Census and American Community Survey households, and eleven percent of renteroccupied households in Montpelier exceeded HUD’s recommended affordability threshold. 3
Excerpted from Affordable Housing, US Department of Housing and Urban Development website, 2015.
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Kewaunee County
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Housing Plan Based upon population and demographic projections and the results of the January 2016 Visioning Exercise, the areas of focus for housing in the Town of Montpelier include: maintaining an adequate supply of well-designed and affordable single-family units; increasing housing diversity, particularly with respect to seniors; incorporating small subdivisions into the housing mix, and, ensuring that future housing development does not consume productive agricultural land. Secondary Suites A secondary suite is an additional, separate dwelling unit located on a parcel that would typically accommodate only one unit. Considered an accessory to the primary residence, it normally has its own entrance, kitchen, bathroom, and living area. Secondary suites may come in a variety of forms, including: • • • • •
A suite above a detached garage A suite above the main floor of a single-family dwelling. Courtesy Pacific Building Company A basement suite. A suite attached to a single-family dwelling at grade. A suite detached from the principal dwelling (a garden suite or guesthouse).
Generally, secondary suites are permitted (or allowed as a conditional use) in order to foster affordable housing or aid families with elderly parents who are unable to live completely alone. They offer a viable, affordable option for providing senior housing in urban and rural communities alike. In most cases the owner of the home or the renting party must be a senior. Senior Housing Senior housing, designed in harmony with the landscape and visually consistent with existing housing stock, provides opportunities for Montpelier’s residents to remain in the community as they age out of their current residences. Units like those pictured at left may be owner-occupied (via condominium ownership) or available for rent, but tend to be age-specific (i.e., the primary resident must be 55 years of age or older).
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2016 Subdivision Development
Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Subdivisions can be an appropriate component of the Town of Montpelier’s housing portfolio as long as such developments meet certain criteria intended to maintain the character of the community. Such criteria includes: •
•
•
Being of an appropriate scale, large enough to be financially viable for the prospective developer while small enough to blend with the rural character of the community. Designed to incorporate and permanently preserve important natural and cultural resources within the development. Courtesy Growing Greener, Randall Arendt Providing lots for sale at prices consistent with the Town’s goals of providing affordable housing for young families and seniors. Duplexes / Quadplexes Small rental units, such as duplexes and quadplexes, offer affordable housing options in rural communities without the population densities to support traditional multi-family housing. Available at market prices, they offer housing alternatives desirable to singles, young families, and seniors. Zoning and subdivision ordinances can ensure that the structures are aesthetically suitable in a rural environment.
Other Housing Options • •
Small retirement community – Catering to residents throughout Kewaunee County interested in residing in a rural environment with varying levels of onsite quality of life assistance. Small apartment complex – Intended to serve the region’s growing population of farm workers.
Housing Programs U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is the federal agency primarily responsible for housing programs and community development. Though many of its programs are directed to larger cities and urban areas, the Town would qualify for some available funds. HUD provides money to non-entitlement communities (i.e., communities with populations fewer than 50,000) through grants. In the state of Wisconsin, the Department of Administration Division of Housing and Intergovernmental Relations (DHIR) is the agency responsible for the administration of this program. DHIR awards funds through a competitive proposal process.
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2016 Addendum U.S. Department of Agriculture-Rural Development
to the Comprehensive Plan
The U. S. Department of Agriculture-Rural Development provides a variety of housing and community development programs for rural areas. Support is generally available to communities with populations of 10,000 or fewer. USDA-RD provides support for rental housing development, direct and guaranteed mortgage loans for homebuyers, and support for self-help and cooperative housing development. HOME Investment Partnerships Program The HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME) provides formula grants to states and localities that are often used in partnership with local nonprofit groups to fund a wide range of activities that builds, buys and/or rehabilitates affordable housing for rent or homeownership or provides direct rental assistance to low-income people. Participating jurisdictions may choose among a broad range of eligible activities, such as: providing home purchase or rehabilitation financing assistance to eligible homeowners and new home buyers; building or rehabilitating housing for rent or ownership; or for "other reasonable and necessary expenses related to the development of non-luxury housing, including site acquisition or improvement, demolition of dilapidated housing to make way for HOME-assisted development, and payment of relocation expenses.” The program’s flexibility allows states and local governments to use HOME funds for grants, direct loans, loan guarantees or other forms of credit enhancement, or rental assistance. Wisconsin Department of Administration–Division of Housing and Intergovernmental Relations Beyond the funds distributed through HUD, DHIR administers several state-funded programs that can potentially be used to finance housing improvements. Money available through the DHIR, because it is funded by general-purpose revenue, cannot be used to invest directly in housing development. However, funds can achieve the desired result by helping organizations develop the capacity to construct houses or by providing various types of financial assistance to homebuyers or renters through grants to local governments or nonprofit agencies. Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority The Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority (WHEDA) is a quasi-governmental agency that finances housing development through the sale of bonds. Unlike the DHIR, it receives no direct state-tax support. As such, WHEDA can provide mortgage financing for first-time homebuyers and financing for multifamily housing as well. Specific programs evolve and change with the needs of the housing market. For additional information related to housing, please refer to the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan 2025.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Chapter 4: Transportation Introduction The transportation system is intended to support the varied needs of residents, farmers, local businesses, visitors, and through-traffic. It provides the means by which people and materials flow to and through the community. Multi-modal systems complement the existing road network and provide increased mobility for seniors, people with disabilities, children, and bicyclists, among others. Finding solutions to current challenges, and planning to avoid future ones, is a primary goal of the transportation element.
Transportation Vision The Town of Montpelier will maintain a safe and efficient transportation system primarily oriented around personal vehicles and agricultural machinery, but including pedestrian and bicycle facilities and senior transit options in areas appropriate for such multi-modal alternatives.
Transportation Plan
Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles
Plug-in hybrid and full electric vehicles are becoming increasingly common on America’s roads. Electric plug-in stations are being constructed in cities around the country. These systems may be installed by state and local government or provided by business owners as value-added options at local coffee shops and shopping centers. The Town may consider working with local businesses to consider providing the infrastructure to support electric vehicles. Modular electric plug-in stations are available that do not require extensive infrastructure support. They can generate as much as 16 kWh Courtesy Envision Solar daily from solar collectors and store up to 22 kWh in on-board batteries. The solar arrays on these systems are capable of tracking the sun’s movement to ensure maximum electrical generation. Implements of Husbandry Act 377, Wisconsin’s Implements of Husbandry law, made changes in the way agricultural vehicles and equipment operate on state, county, and local roads. Act 377 established more flexible limitations for weight limits imposed on farm machinery forged a compromise between the agricultural community and local officials. The legislation was intended to balance the need for farm equipment to operate legally and safely on roads with the need to protect local infrastructure. As of April 2014, an implement of husbandry (IOH) is defined as: •
Town of Montpelier
Courtesy Agriview
A self-propelled or towed vehicle manufactured, designed, or reconstructed to be used and that is used exclusively in the conduct of Agriculture.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan • •
A combination of vehicles in which each vehicle in the combination is an IOH. A combination of vehicles in which an IOH farm wagon, farm trailer, or manure trailer is towed by a farm truck, farm truck tractor, or motor truck.
Effective November 1, 2015, a slow-moving vehicle (SMV) emblem is a required marking on any type of IOH, including animal drawn, that usually travels at speeds less than 25 mph. It is to be displayed at all times on the most visible rear area of the vehicle or combination of vehicles. If a SMV emblem on a power unit is visible from rear and in compliance, then the towed units are not required to have an SMV emblem. It is allowable for two or three vehicle combinations to have more than one SMV emblem. These emblems should be mounted pointing upward perpendicular to route of travel, with the lower edge 2 to 6 feet off the ground, and either centered or as near to the left of center of the equipment as practical. SMV emblems must be bright and clean, and should be replaced if faded. Other Transportation Options • • •
Access for alternative modes of transportation – Such modes may include ATVs, UTVs, golf carts, and similar vehicles. Multi-use Trails – Systems accommodating a variety of users including: pedestrians, snowshoes, Nordic skis, mountain bikes, and horses, among others. Public transportation options – Systems including taxi service, car services, and ‘Uber’-like programs emphasizing transportation for seniors, people with disabilities, and other who are unable to drive or do not own a personal vehicle.
Transportation Programs Local Roads Improvement Program The Local Roads Improvement Program (LRIP) assists local governments in improving seriously deteriorating county highways, town roads, and city and village streets. The competitive reimbursement program pays up to 50% of total eligible costs with local governments providing the balance. The program has three basic components: County Highway Improvement (CHIP); Town Road Improvement (TRIP); and Municipal Street Improvement (MSIP). Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program The Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program is administered by WDNR to preserve natural areas and wildlife habitat, protect water quality and expand outdoor recreation. Funds from the program can be used for the construction of off-street trail systems. Highway Safety Improvement Program The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is administered by WisDOT. Funds are used for highway safety projects at locations that have a high crash history. The objective of the HSIP is to develop and implement stand-alone safety projects that will reduce the number and severity of crashes. The funding ratio for this program is 90% federal and 10% local match.
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2016 Addendum Transportation Alternative Program
to the Comprehensive Plan
The Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP) provides funding for projects that include on-road and off-road facilities for pedestrians and bicyclists, conversion of railroad corridors to trails for pedestrians, bicyclists and other non-motorized users, environmental mitigation, Safe Routes to School and community improvement activities. Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities Program The Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities Program is a grant program under TAP that provides funding to construct or plan for bicycle or bicycle-pedestrian facility projects. State statutory language specifically excludes pedestrian-only facilities such as sidewalks and streetscape projects. Construction projects costing $200,000 or more are eligible for funding, as are planning projects costing $50,000 or more. Additionally, completed projects must be usable and not staged so that additional money is needed to create a useful project. Project sponsors must pay for a project and then seek reimbursement from WisDOT. Federal funds will provide up to 80% of project costs, while the sponsor must provide at least the other 20%. For additional information related to transportation, please refer to the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan 2025.
Chapter 5: Utilities & Community Facilities Introduction Utilities and community facilities comprise the systems, services, and infrastructure necessary to support a municipality, its residents, and its economy. Montpelier’s long-term wellbeing is dependent on the adequacy of this support system. Anticipating and preparing for the future utility and facility needs of the community is essential to ensuring its sustainable future.
Utilities & Community Facilities Vision The Town of Montpelier will provide well-planned, cost-effective municipal services and infrastructure, in harmony with its rural character and natural environment, and maintain a fair and equitable tax rate for its citizens and business owners. It will strive to provide the infrastructure and technology necessary to allow its residents and business to thrive and will continue to pursue opportunities with its municipal neighbors to increase the efficiency and lower the cost of providing these essential services.
Utilities & Community Facilities Plan Maintaining Reasonable Tax Levels Residents respect the fiscal discipline demonstrated by local officials and value reasonable tax rates. Given limited finances, coupled with long-term uncertainties surrounding Wisconsin’s shared revenue program and state-imposed levy limits, the Town of Montpelier must carefully consider all expenditures. This
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan extends to providing utilities and community facilities for the community. To ensure the supply of efficient, cost-effective services, the Town will continue to pursue shared service opportunities with neighboring communities. Broadband Internet Access to high-speed (or broadband) internet service is critical in the 21st century economy. The improved connectivity provided by such access supports robust business services, expands access to health care, and improves the quality of education in schools. It has become a necessity, as vital to rural America's future today as electricity and the telephone were in the last century. The technology is a must for the types of home-based and value-added businesses that may grow and thrive in a rural community like Montpelier. Personal Energy Systems With rising energy prices and a greater awareness of the environmental impacts of conventional power plants, more Americans are utilizing personal energy systems to reduce costs associated with electricity, heating, and cooling. In addition, state and federal tax incentives have reduced the total costs of these systems making them available to a greater percentage of users. Personal energy systems include photovoltaic solar, solar thermal, small wind, geothermal, and wood-fired boilers, among others. The Wisconsin Solar and Wind Access Law (Chapter 66.0401, Wis. Stats.), defines how local governments are permitted to regulate solar and wind energy systems. It covers zoning restrictions by local governments, private land use restrictions, and system owner rights to unobstructed access to resources. Under the law, local government may not place any restriction on the installation or use of solar or wind energy systems unless the restriction: • • •
Serves to preserve or protect public health or safety. Does not significantly increase the cost of the system or decrease it's efficiency. Allows for an alternative system of comparable cost and efficiency.
The law effectively prohibits unreasonable public land use controls covering solar and wind energy systems by defining a fairly narrow set of reasonable conditions. The law subsequently allows for a local permitting procedure for guaranteeing unobstructed access to wind or solar resources. A permit will not be granted if obstruction already exists or if the construction of such an obstruction is already well into the planning stages. Alternative Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Wastewater treatment for homes and businesses in the Town is primarily served via onsite septic and mound systems. These systems must comply with Wisconsin Statute SPS 383 to ensure that they are designed and function properly so as to protect human health and groundwater resources. However,
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan studies have indicated that even properly-designed and maintained conventional septic and mound systems pose a threat to ground water, particularly in soils with high transivity. Alternative sanitary facilities can provide wastewater treatment at a cost competitive with conventional onsite systems, particularly when they are clustered to accommodate multiple homes or businesses. Options for clustered sanitary systems permissible in the state of Wisconsin include recirculating sand filters and constructed wetlands, among others. A recirculating sand filter (RSF) offers an economically viable, environmentally benign alternative to conventional drain field-based treatment systems. The basic components of a RSF system include a septic tank, recirculation tank, and sand or gravel filter. Water discharged from the system far exceeds the quality of a conventional system at a fraction of the price. RSFs are a viable alternative to conventional methods when soil conditions are not conducive to the proper treatment and disposal of wastewater through Courtesy Purdue University percolation beds. Sand filters may be used on sites that have shallow soil cover, inadequate permeability, high groundwater, and limited land area. RSF systems commonly serve subdivisions, mobile home parks, rural schools, small municipalities, and other generators of small wastewater flows.4 Constructed wetlands have been used as effective wastewater treatment systems for more than forty years. They have become the dominant treatment system for communities in the Minneapolis metropolitan region not served by municipal wastewater treatment. Although a variety of wetlandbased systems are used to treat effluent, the most common is a subsurface flow wetland. Subsurface flow wetlands utilize an anaerobic reactor (septic tank) for pretreatment followed by a forced-bed aeration system Courtesy Science for Environmental Policy and wetland treatment cells. Constructed wetlands are designed to achieve tertiary treatment at a fraction of the cost of a municipal system. They become cost effective against conventional onsite systems when treating effluent from eight or more homes, particularly beneficial for the types of small subdivisions desired in the Town of Montpelier.
4
Source: Environmental Technology Institute: Recirculating Sand Filters, 1998.
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Methane Digesters
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan 5
Anaerobic manure digesters (or methane digesters) collect manure and convert the energy stored in its organic matter into methane, which is used to produce energy (gas or electricity) for on-farm or off-farm use. The conversion to methane is the result of anaerobic digestion, a biochemical process in which organic matter is decomposed by bacteria in the absence of oxygen. Digesters must be airtight for anaerobic digestion to occur. The resulting methane (known as biogas) is flared or combusted to generate energy. Generally, the manure used in digesters should have a total solids concentration Courtesy RCM Digesters of 14% or less and be mostly free of soil, sand, stones or fibrous bedding material. Supplemental feedstock such as food processing wastes and wastewater can often be added to manure digesters. The benefits provided by a methane digester include: • • • • • • •
Turns waste (manure) into a source of renewable energy. Improves air quality by reducing odors and greenhouse gas emissions. Protects water quality by reducing the potential for pathogens to enter surface or ground water. Generates energy that can be sold. Generates heat or other energy for on-farm use. May qualify for carbon credit payments. Results in potentially higher-quality manure for use on crops (more nutrient-rich and fewer weed seeds).
Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan A Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (CORP) is a document that describes current parks, recreation, and open space assets and presents a strategy for meeting future needs. The purpose of the plan is to guide land acquisition, development, and maintenance activities by identifying the general location, character, and extent of existing and desired parks, playgrounds, and special recreation areas. By statute, a CORP must be updated every five years. The funding of local parkland acquisition and development has become more difficult with legislation limiting local government’s ability to establish and enforce impact fees upon new residential development projects. As a result, more Wisconsin communities are seeking grant funding to offset the cost of park and recreation development. Wisconsin statutes prohibit local government from applying for state and federal parks and recreation funding without an adopted CORP.
5
Excerpted from Manure/Methane Digester, Minnesota Department of Agriculture website, 2016.
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2016 Addendum Other Utilities & Community Facilities Options •
to the Comprehensive Plan
Capital Improvements Plan – A capital improvements plan (CIP) is a budgeting tool used to plan for major capital expenditures. CIPs are typically five-year plans identifying necessary and desired improvements related to infrastructure, facilities, roads, and parks and recreation areas.
Utilities & Community Facilities Programs Rural Economic Development Loan and Grant Program The Rural Economic Development Loan (REDL) and Grant (REDG) programs provide funding to rural projects through local utility organizations. Under the REDL program, USDA provides zero interest loans to local utilities that are then passed through to local businesses for projects that will create and retain employment in rural areas. The ultimate recipients repay the lending utility directly. The utility is responsible for repayment to USDA. Under the RED program, USDA provides grant funds to local utility organizations to establish revolving loan funds. Loans are made from the revolving loan funds to projects that will create or retain rural jobs. When the revolving loan fund is terminated, the grant is repaid to the Agency. Rural Utilities Program A number of programs are available through the Rural Utilities Program as part of the Water and Environmental Programs (WEP). WEP provides loans, grants, and loan guarantees for drinking water, sanitary sewer, solid waste, and storm drainage facilities in rural areas, cities, and towns of 10,000 or less. Public bodies, non-profit organizations, and recognized Indian Tribes may qualify for assistance. WEP also makes grants to nonprofit organizations to provide technical assistance and training to assist rural communities with their water, wastewater, and solid waste programs. Available programs include: • • • • •
Water and Waste Disposal Direct and Guaranteed Loans Water and Waste Disposal Grants Technical Assistance and Training Grants Solid Waste Management Grants Rural Water Circuit Ride Technical Assistance
Telecommunications Program The Telecommunications Program improves the quality of life in rural America by providing capital for the deployment of rural telecommunications infrastructure. Funding is available under various grant and loan programs. Clean Water Fund Program The Clean Water Fund Program (CWFP) provides subsidized interest rate loans to municipalities seeking to fund wastewater and stormwater infrastructure projects. The CWFP also includes pilot projects to fund
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan adaptive management and other non-traditional projects to comply with a municipality's permit limit. Applications for funding are accepted year round as long as funding is available. Safe Drinking Water Loan Program The Safe Drinking Water Loan Program provides subsidized interest rate loans to municipalities seeking to fund drinking water infrastructure projects. Applications are accepted year round when funding is available. Acquisition and Development of Local Parks Program The Acquisition and Development of Local Parks Program provides assistance to local government to buy land or easements and develop or renovate local parks and recreation area facilities for nature-based outdoor recreation purposes (e.g., trails, fishing access and park support facilities). Applicants compete for funds on a regional basis. This grant program is part of the Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program. Land and Water Conservation Fund The Land and Water Conservation Fund is a Federal program administered in all states that encourage creation and interpretation of high-quality, outdoor recreational opportunities. Funds received under this program are split between WDNR projects and grants to local governments for outdoor recreation activities. Grants cover fifty percent of eligible project costs. Recreational Trail Aids Municipal governments and incorporated organizations are eligible to receive reimbursement for development and maintenance of recreational trails and trail-related facilities for both motorized and nonmotorized recreational trail uses. Eligible sponsors may be reimbursed for up to fifty percent of the total project costs. This program may be used in conjunction with the state snowmobile and ATV/UTV programs and Stewardship development projects. For additional information related to utilities and community facilities, please refer to the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan 2025.
Chapter 6: Agricultural, Natural, & Cultural Resources Introduction The Town of Montpelier has a strong farming history. Its landscape is dominated by agricultural land, woodlands, wooded wetlands, and streams…each contributing to the community’s character and sense of place. As the Town grows it must consider how best to preserve its most valued resources while accommodating the development necessary to meet future economic, housing and transportation needs.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Agricultural, Natural, & Cultural Resources Vision The Town of Montpelier will adopt policies and programs to preserve its prime agricultural lands, unique natural environment, and cultural and historic resources to ensure that these assets remain available for the benefit and enjoyment of future generations.
Agricultural, Natural, & Cultural Resources Plan Farmland Preservation Program The Wisconsin Farmland Preservation Program (Chapter 91, Wis. Stats.) is designed to help local governments and landowners preserve agricultural land, minimize conflicting land uses, and promote soil and water conservation. Under the program, local governments may adopt and have certified a farmland preservation zoning ordinance that enables eligible landowners to claim farmland preservation tax credits. The credits are applied against tax liability on an annual basis. Tax credit amounts are as follows: • • •
$5.00 per eligible acre for farmers with a farmland preservation agreement signed after July 1, 2009 and located in an agricultural enterprise area. $7.50 per eligible acre for farmers in an area zoned for farmland preservation. $10.00 per eligible acre for farmers in an area zoned and certified for farmland preservation and in an agricultural enterprise area, with a farmland preservation agreement signed after July 1, 2009.
Certification of a zoning ordinance must be obtained through application to the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, and Consumer Protection (DATCP). Landowners must be residents of Wisconsin and their agricultural operations must meet the following criteria: •
•
Acres claimed must be located in a farmland preservation area identified in a certified county farmland preservation plan. Eligible land includes agricultural land or permanent undeveloped natural resource areas or open space land that is in an area certified for farmland preservation zoning, and/or is located in a designated agricultural enterprise area and under a farmland preservation agreement. Claimants must have $6,000 in gross farm revenue in the past year or $18,000 in the past three years. Income from rental receipts of farm acres does not count toward gross farm revenue. However, gross farm revenue produced by the renter on the landowner’s farmland can be used to meet this eligibility requirement.
•
Claimants must be able to certify that all property taxes owed from the previous year have been paid.
•
Farmers claiming farmland preservation tax credits must certify on their tax form that they comply with state soil and water conservation standards. New claimants must also submit a certification of compliance with soil and water conservation standards that has been issued by the county land conservation committee.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan The Town of Montpelier is in the process of updating its zoning ordinance to comply with the requirements of the farmland preservation program. The Town anticipates DATCP certification of its amended ordinance by the end of 2016. Specialty Farming On average, nearly 3,000 acres of productive farmland are lost to development in the U.S. each day. Adapting to survive, many farmers have embraced a new paradigm that focuses on agricultural models custom-fit to changing markets and filling local niche markets with specialty produce and value-added products. Specialty (or niche) farming provides an alternative to conventional agricultural practices, particularly for smaller farmers attempting to compete with larger operations. According to Agricultural Census data nearly 300,000 new farms have begun operations since 2005. Compared with all farms nationwide, these new arrivals tend to have more diversified production, fewer acres, lower total-dollar sales, and operators who also work off-farm. Interestingly, many of these operations are located in decidedly urban and suburban areas. Montpelier’s proximity to Green Bay provides opportunities for directly marketing specialty agricultural products to local consumers. Examples of specialty agricultural products include: • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Agroforestry. Aquaculture products. Alternative grains and field crops. Industrial, energy, and non-food crops. Native plants and ecofriendly landscaping. Organic milk and cheese. Organic produce. Ornamental and nursery crops. Courtesy Washington Island Ostrich Farm Post-harvest handling and processing. Medicinal and culinary herbs. Raising of non-traditional farm animals (llama, ostrich, bison, etc.). Seeds and plant breeding. Specialty, Heirloom and Ethnic Fruits and Vegetables.
Organic Agriculture Organic farming is a particularly attractive specialty farm option given that organic food is the fastest growing segment of the agricultural industry. Products that once occupied a boutique marketplace niche are becoming mainstream as consumers seek healthier alternatives to conventional farm produce. Organic and specialty farming counter the notion that farms must become very big or be lost to development. They provide a profitable choice for small, family farmers.
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2016 Addendum Community Supported Agriculture
to the Comprehensive Plan
6
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is a system in which a farm operation is supported by shareholders who share both the benefits and risks of food production. CSAs consist of a community of individuals who pledge support to a farm operation so that the farmland becomes the ‘community's farm’, with the growers and consumers providing mutual support and sharing the risks and benefits of food production. Typically, members pledge in advance to cover the anticipated costs of the farm operation and farmer's salary. In return, they receive shares in the farm's bounty throughout the growing season, as well as satisfaction gained from reconnecting Courtesy Kellner Back Acre Garden, Denmark, WI to the land and participating directly in food production. Members also share in the risks of farming, including poor harvests due to unfavorable weather or pests. By direct sales to community members, who have provided the farmer with working capital in advance, growers receive better prices for their crops, gain some financial security, and are relieved of much of the burden of marketing. Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations On September 16, 2005, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture's Board gave final approval of ATCP 51, which establishes standards for the siting of livestock operations. In its approval, the Board added an amendment to have the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) annually review ATCP 51 to see if any modifications are needed. ATCP 51 implements Wisconsin’s Livestock Facility Siting Law (Chapter 93.90, Wis. Stats.). The law does not require local approval of new and expanding livestock operations. Should a local government require approval, it must grant or deny according to this rule. A municipality may not consider other siting criteria, or apply standards that differ from this rule, except as specifically authorized in the law. This rule applies to new or expanded facilities that keep cattle, swine, poultry, sheep, or goats. Under the law, a local government may not deny or prohibit the siting or expansion of a livestock facility of any size unless one of the following applies: The site is located in a non-agricultural zoning district. The site is located in an agricultural zoning district where the livestock facility is prohibited. The zoning prohibition, if any, must be clearly justified on the basis of public health or safety. The law limits exclusionary local zoning based solely on livestock facility size. • The proposed livestock facility violates a valid local ordinance adopted under certain state laws related to shoreland zoning, floodplain zoning, and construction site erosion control or stormwater management. • The proposed livestock facility violates a state building, electrical or plumbing code for that type of facility. • The proposed livestock facility will have 500 or more “animal units” (or will exceed a lower threshold incorporated in a local zoning ordinance prior to July 19, 2003), and the proposed • •
6
Excerpted from United States Department of Agriculture, Alternative Farming Systems Information Center, 2015.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan livestock facility violates either the standards in the rule or a stricter local standard by ordinance, which must be based on scientifically defensible findings of fact that clearly show the standards are necessary to protect public health or safety.
Conservation Easements A conservation easement is a voluntary but binding legal agreement between a landowner and a land trust or government agency that limits present and future development of a parcel. Under a conservation easement, the landowner retains ownership of the land (within the terms of the easement, i.e. only for farmland or natural space, not for development) and a land trust or similar organization assumes the responsibility for protecting the land’s conservation values. Donated conservation easements that meet federal requirements can provide significant tax advantages to landowners since their land will be assessed as undevelopable land, which has a much lower tax value than developable land. Qualified easements may also generate charitable contribution dedications for income and transfer tax purposes. All land is “taxed” at the same rate, though value determinations are variable. Conservation-based Development Conservation-based development is a tool that is intended to minimize the amount of disturbance to the natural landscape by preserving onsite resources identified during the planning stages of development. Resources commonly targeted for preservation include wetlands, streams and ponds, riparian corridors, natural or sensitive habitat areas, steep slopes, view sheds, and agricultural lands. The goal is to successfully integrate a development with its environment and unique natural surroundings, rather than having the environment functioning apart from the development altogether. Such an approach minimizes the site disturbance footprint by confining development to within existing open spaces and taking advantage of site topography by constructing roads on natural ridgelines. A conservation-based development typically involves a developer and his/her team of surveyors, engineers, and landscape architects conducting site assessments to identify features of interest to preserve from which a design layout is generated. The following principles are integral to an effective conservation-based development design: • • • • • •
Preservation and protection of natural drainage patterns. Protection of sensitive natural resources. Maintenance of existing topography. Clearing and grading as little as possible. Minimize the amount of impervious cover. Maintaining a community-determined ratio of preserved open space to developed area.
Local governments may implement conservation-based concepts for residential development within the zoning and subdivision ordinances, and for commercial and industrial development through the zoning ordinance and site plan review process.
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Riparian Buffers
2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
7
Riparian buffers are zones adjacent to water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and wetlands that protect water quality and wildlife, including both aquatic and terrestrial habitat. These zones minimize the impacts of human activities on the landscape and contribute to recreation, aesthetics, and quality of life. Buffers can include a range of complex Courtesy USEPA vegetation structure, soils, food sources, cover, and water features that offer a variety of habitats contributing to diversity and abundance of wildlife such as mammals, frogs, amphibians, insects, and birds. Buffers can consist of a variety of canopy layers and cover types including: ephemeral (temporary-wet for only part of year) wetlands, ponds, and spring pools; shallow and deep marshes; wetland meadows; wetland mixed forests; grasslands; forests; and prairies. Riparian zones are areas of transition between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems that provide numerous benefits to wildlife and people including pollution reduction and recreation. Riparian buffers are widely considered to be the single most effective protection for water resources. Native Landscapes A native landscape is generally defined as one comprised of species that occur naturally in a particular region, ecosystem, or habitat, and that were present prior to European settlement. Landscaping with native wildflowers, grasses, shrubs, and trees improves the environment. Natural landscaping brings a taste of wilderness to urban, suburban, and corporate settings by attracting a variety of birds, butterflies, and other animals. Once established, native plants do not need fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, or watering, thus benefiting the environment and reducing maintenance costs.8 The benefits of native landscapes include: •
•
•
Environmental - Once native plants are returned to the land, many species of birds, mammals, reptiles and beneficial insects return as well, restoring a vital part of the web of life. Landscaping with natives enriches the soil, decreases water run-off, and filters the pollution caused by nonpoint source pollution from commercial sites, subdivisions, parks, and farms. Economic - Over the long term, native landscaping is more cost-effective than traditional landscaping and requires no fertilizers, pesticides, or irrigation. Natives also increase infiltration reducing the need for expensive stormwater management infrastructure (see image above). Aesthetic - While traditional landscapes use one or two species of grass, native landscape designs can include dozens of species of trees, shrubs, grasses, and wildflowers. Each is unique and constantly evolving, and thrives in wet, dry, sunny, and shaded locations.
7 8
Excerpted from Managing the Water’s Edge: Making Natural Connections, USEPA. Excerpted from Landscaping with Native Plants in the Great Lakes Region, USEPA.
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Educational - Native landscapes provide hands-on opportunities for people of all ages to learn about habitats and ecosystems.
Comparing the root system of typical turf grass (far left) with those of grass and flower species native to Wisconsin. Deeper root systems provide greater opportunities for infiltration of precipitation and snow melt thereby reducing the incidents of flood events. Courtesy Conservation Research Institute
Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resource Programs The following pages describe the various federal, state, and county programs that are available to aid the Town of Montpelier in implementing its agricultural, natural, and cultural resources plan. FSA – Conservation Reserve Program The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a land conservation program administered by the Farm Service Agency. In exchange for a yearly rental payment, farmers enrolled in the program agree to remove environmentally sensitive land from agricultural production and plant species that will improve environmental health and quality. Contracts for land enrolled in CRP are 10-15 years in length. The longterm goal of the program is to re-establish valuable land cover to help improve water quality, prevent soil erosion, and reduce loss of wildlife habitat. FSA - Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program The Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) is an offshoot of the Conservation Reserve Program, the country’s largest private-land conservation program. Administered by the Farm Service Agency, CREP targets high-priority conservation issues identified by local, state, or tribal governments, or non-governmental organizations. In exchange for removing environmentally sensitive land from
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan production and introducing conservation practices, farmers, ranchers, and agricultural landowners are paid an annual rental rate. Participation is voluntary, and the contract period is typically 10–15 years, along with other federal and state incentives as applicable per each CREP agreement. NRCS – Environmental Quality Incentives Program The Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) is a voluntary program that provides financial and technical assistance to agricultural producers through contracts up to a maximum term of ten years in length. These contracts provide financial assistance to help plan and implement conservation practices that address natural resource concerns, and for opportunities to improve soil, water, plant, animal, air, and related resources on agricultural land and non-industrial private forestland. In addition, a purpose of EQIP is to help producers meet federal, state, tribal, and local environmental regulations. Owners of land in agricultural, or forest production or persons who are engaged in livestock, agricultural or forest production on eligible land and that have a natural resource concern on the land may participate in EQIP. NRCS - Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program The Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program (FRPP) provides matching funds to help purchase development rights to keep productive farm and ranchland in agricultural uses. Working through existing programs, USDA partners with state, tribal, or local governments and non-governmental organizations to acquire conservation easements or other interests in land from landowners. USDA provides up to 50 percent of the fair market easement value of the conservation easement. NRCS – Financial Assistance Program NRCS offers voluntary programs to eligible landowners and agricultural producers to provide financial and technical assistance to help manage natural resources in a sustainable manner. Through these programs the agency approves contracts to provide financial assistance to help plan and implement conservation practices that address natural resource concerns or opportunities to help save energy, improve soil, water, plant, air, animal, and related resources on agricultural lands and non-industrial private forest land. NRCS – Landscapes Initiatives Program The NRCS Landscape Initiatives Program (LIP) is intended to accelerate the results that can be achieved through voluntary conservation programs. All NRCS programs are designed to support farmers, ranchers, and foresters in improving the environment while maintaining or improving a vibrant agricultural sector. Most program delivery is driven primarily by grassroots input and local needs. Landscape conservation initiatives enhance the locally driven process to better address nationally and regionally important conservation goals that transcend localities. Improving water quality in the eight state Great Lakes region is a priority of the LIP. WDNR Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program – Acquisition and Development of Local Parks Program The Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program (KNSP) sets aside fifty percent of the funds in the Local Assistance Program for projects that improve community recreation areas and acquire land for public outdoor recreation. Funds are allocated on a regional basis with seventy percent distributed on the basis of
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan each county's proportionate share of the state population, and thirty percent distributed equally to each county. Applicants compete against other applicants from their region. Funds may be used for both land acquisition projects and development projects for nature-based outdoor recreation. Under all KNSP programs, eligible local governments are only those towns, villages, cities, counties, and tribal governments that have a DNR-accepted comprehensive outdoor recreation plan or master plan that has been approved by resolution by the local governing unit. Local governments with qualifying plans receive eligibility to apply for grants for up to five years. WDNR Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Program – Acquisition of Development Rights Program The purpose of the Acquisition of Development Rights Program is to protect natural, agricultural, or forestlands that enhance and/or provide nature-based outdoor recreation. "Development Rights" are the rights of a landowner to develop their property to the greatest extent allowed under state and local laws. WDNR Managed Forest Law The intent of the Managed Forest Law is to promote forest management practices through property tax incentives. Property must be a minimum of ten contiguous acres of which eighty percent must be capable of producing merchantable timber. WDNR Land and Water Conservation Fund Program The Land and Water Conservation Fund is a federal program administered in all states that encourages creation and interpretation of high-quality outdoor recreational opportunities. Funds received by the DNR for this program are split between DNR projects and grants to local governments for outdoor recreation activities. Grants cover fifty percent of eligible project costs. Eligible projects include: • • • •
• • • •
Land acquisition or development projects that will provide opportunities for public outdoor recreation. Property with frontage on rivers, streams, lakes, estuaries, and reservoirs that will provide waterbased outdoor recreation. Property that provides special recreation opportunities, such as floodplains, wetlands, and areas adjacent to scenic highways. Natural areas and outstanding scenic areas, where the objective is to preserve the scenic or natural values, including wildlife areas and areas of physical or biological importance. These areas shall be open to the general public for outdoor recreation use to the extent that the natural attributes of the areas will not be seriously impaired or lost. Land or development within urban areas for day use picnic areas. Land or development of nature-based outdoor recreation trails. Development of basic outdoor recreation facilities. Renovation of existing outdoor recreation facilities which are in danger of being lost for public use.
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2016 Addendum Wisconsin Forest Landowners Grant Program
to the Comprehensive Plan
The Wisconsin Forest Landowners Grant Program (WFLGP) program assists private landowners in protecting and enhancing their forested lands, prairies, and waters. The program allows qualified landowners to be reimbursed up to fifty percent of the eligible cost of eligible practices. Private landowners are eligible for WFLGP funding if they own at least ten contiguous acres of non-industrial private forest, but not more than five hundred acres within Wisconsin. Wisconsin Coastal Management Program Approximately $1,500,000 is available through the Wisconsin Coastal Management Program (WCMP) to enhance and restore coastal resources within the state's coastal zone--all counties adjacent to Lakes Superior and Michigan. Projects eligible for WCMP funding include: • • • • • •
Coastal Wetland Protection and Habitat Restoration. Nonpoint Source Pollution Control. Coastal Resource and Community Planning. Great Lakes Education. Public Access. Community Planning.
UW-Extension Wisconsin Barn Preservation Program9 Despite the rich stock of historic barns in the Wisconsin landscape, we see fewer attempts to save them. The threats to these buildings are many, including urban growth and its associated roadway expansion, improper maintenance and upkeep, and new construction techniques, materials, and design. The University of Wisconsin-Extension and Wisconsin Historical Society, are spearheading a multifaceted approach aimed at saving many of Wisconsin's historic agricultural buildings. The Wisconsin Barn Preservation Program is aimed at both addressing public concerns and drawing attention to the importance of preserving the elements of Wisconsin's rural countryside, those elements that make it a unique part of America. Some of the strategies being pursued by this group include the coordination of regional educational workshops, the production of technical resource materials and the support of non-profit organizations that can help orchestrate efforts to establish grants and other kinds of technical assistance programs aimed at helping barn owners interested in preservation. County Land & Water Conservation Departments10 County Land and Water Conservation Departments were created to provide local leadership in carrying out programs that conserve Wisconsin's land and water resources. Working closely with the Land and Water Conservation Committees they are the primary local delivery system of natural resource programs. Their connection to county government gives them an understanding of local land and water resource 9
Excerpted from Wisconsin Barn Preservation Program website, 2016. Excerpted from Wisconsin Land and Water website, 2016.
10
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan problems and solutions serving as a reliable source for conservation assistance and planning. They provide educational, technical and conservation planning assistance to help communities control soil erosion; protect lakes, streams and groundwater; and manage woodlots, forests and wildlife. For additional information related to agricultural, natural, and cultural resources, please refer to the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan 2025.
Chapter 7: Economic Development Introduction Economic development can be defined as efforts that seek to improve the wellbeing and quality of life of a community by creating and retaining jobs, growing incomes, and expanding the local tax base.11 Creating a successful economic development plan involves defining the local economy, determining its strengths and weaknesses, anticipating change, building resilience through diversification, and identifying sources of financial and technical assistance. It depends upon the sustained actions of elected and appointed officials, often in partnership with the private sector, to promote the standard of living and economic health of a community. Such actions target multiple areas of the economy including development of human capital (through higher education and job training), critical infrastructure, regional competitiveness, environmental sustainability, social inclusion, and health and safety, among others. The elements of a successful economic development plan include: • • • • • •
A detailed analysis of the local economy. A common vision based upon what residents and businesses value in the community. Strong collaboration between the public and private sectors oriented around agreed-upon goals. Diversity in the types of businesses and industries. Resilience, or the ability of the community to adapt quickly to change based on regional, national, and global economic conditions. Cooperation, not competition, between neighboring municipalities.
A vibrant economy is vitally important since it effects so many aspects of everyday life, including the ability to earn a living, refine skills and access training, attract new residents and businesses, and to access services. Economic development expenditures are investments in the community.
Economic Development Vision Farming and agriculture-related industries will remain the dominant sector in Montpelier’s economy, supplemented by a mixture of commercial and light manufacturing uses in areas appropriate for such development. The Town will seek to expand communication technology and infrastructure to expand opportunities for telecommuting and homebased businesses. 11
Definition courtesy Salmon Valley Business Center.
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Types of Municipal Economies Five general categories are used to describe the economies of small communities: resource-based, industrial, metropolitanizing, dependent, and lifestyle.12 •
•
•
•
•
Resource-Based. This type of economy is characterized by geographic isolation. They are typically far away from larger cities/metro areas and have limited interstate access. These communities often have an aging population base and lack of opportunities for higher education and local employment. Industrial Economy. The industrial economy is characterized by dependence on yesterday’s economic base. Often a community of this type has a single manufacturing or industrial operation that sustains the vast majority of residents. Metropolitanizing Economy. These communities are experiencing a high amount of residential development which causes concern about decreasing land supplies, loss of community identity, maintaining small town character, and avoiding becoming a “bedroom community.” Dependent Economy. Usually an unincorporated area outside of the suburban ring of development. The economic vitality of this community depends on the economic success of the larger adjacent/nearby community. The primary challenge is handling local residential development pressure. Lifestyle Economy. These communities tend to include university towns, small communities with military bases, and tourist destinations. Residents enjoy their small community setting and quality of living, but are concerned about their long-term dependency on a single economic source.
Montpelier has a ‘resource-based’ economy with some aspects consistent with the dependent category.
Economic Development Plan Growing from Within Local ownership of businesses tends to maintain economic diversity because it builds on the loyalty shared between customers, owners, and their community. Local businesses offer connections to place through everyday transactions. They keep money circulating in the community, thereby stimulating the economy and creating new economic niches. Businesses that begin in a community tend to stay in that community. The most effective way to ensure a healthy local economy over time is to offer assistance for those interested in starting their own business and provide the means to relocate within the community when growth merits such a move. Business Retention The key to a successfully business retention strategy is building trust between business owners and local officials. Communities must identify the specific gaps and niches their economies can fill, and promote a diversified range of specialized industry clusters drawing on local advantages to serve local, regional, and 12
Randall Gross, Embracing Change in Small Communities, APA National Conference, March 2005.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan international markets. Local government, business groups, educators, and the public must work together to create a vibrant local economy, through a long-term investment strategy that:13 • • • • • •
Encourages local enterprise. Serves the needs of residents, workers, and businesses. Promotes stable employment and revenues by building on local competitive advantages. Protects the natural environment. Increases social equity. Is capable of succeeding in the local, regional, and global marketplace.
Local businesses provide employment for a wide array of supporting services. They hire architects, designers, cabinet shops, sign makers, and contractors for construction. Opportunities grow for local accountants, insurance brokers, computer consultants, advertising agencies, etc. Local retailers and distributors are more likely to carry locally made goods, thereby creating additional jobs for local producers. Some of the ways in which the Town of Montpelier may achieve high rates of business retention include: • • •
Assist businesses that have outgrown current facilities or sites with identifying new locations within the community. Supporting local business associations. Providing clearly understandable processes for construction and economic development within local ordinances.
Agri-Tourism Agri-tourism provides opportunities to increase farm income and diversity the local economy. It is one of the fastest growing segments of the travel industry. The Town’s farming culture and natural environment create unique opportunities for such development. For more information regarding agri-tourism, please refer to Chapter 6: Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources beginning on page 26. Social Media Americans of all ages and backgrounds are increasing their use of social media tools as a way to connect to each other and the issues they care about. Local governments can use these same tools to promote the community and inform residents and business owners. Although benefit can be gained by using social media to augment traditional communication methods, it presents both opportunity and risk to municipal government. Prior to implementing a social media strategy it is important to develop an agreed-upon policy for its use.
13
Excerpted from Ahwahnee Principles for Economic Development, Economic Development for the 21st Century, 2016.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Some of the ways in which local governments utilize social media include:14 •
• • •
Plan
Economic Development – Many companies use social media to scope out communities as they look to build or relocate their business. Economic developers use social media to attract those businesses to the area and build relationships with current ones. This is arguably the most important reason for local government to maintain an active social media presence. Community Building – Building a sense of community pride by recognizing local business, sharing photos and stories about the community, and marketing local events. Public Service Announcements – Emergency alerts and severe weather updates, general health and safety tips, road construction schedules, and other important local information. Governmental Meetings – Posting schedules, agendas, and meeting minutes.
Other Economic Development Options •
• •
Tax Increment Financing – TIF is an economic development tool that allows municipalities to invest in infrastructure and other improvements intended to facilitate private development. Towns may use TIF for select agricultural, manufacturing, forestry, and tourism projects. Marketing & Branding Plan – Develop a marketing and branding plan to attract business, industry, new residents, and visitors to Montpelier. Resilience Plan – Develop a resilience plan to better prepare the community for future financial crises, natural disasters, and other major disruptors of the local economy.
Economic Development Programs US Department of Agriculture – Rural Development Grant
15
The United States Department of Agriculture’s Rural Development Grant (RDG) provides loans, grants and loan guarantees to support essential services such as housing, economic development, health care, first responder services and equipment, and water, electric and communications infrastructure. The RDG promotes economic development by supporting loans to businesses through banks, credit unions and community-managed lending pools. US Environmental Protection Agency – Revolving Loan Fund
16
The Revolving Loan Fund provides funding for grant recipients to carry out cleanup activities at brownfield sites. Through these grants, the Environmental Protection Agency seeks to strengthen the marketplace and encourage stakeholders to leverage the resources needed to clean up and redevelop brownfields. When loans are repaid, the loan amount is returned into the fund and re-lent to other borrowers, providing an ongoing source of capital within a community.
Excerpted from 10 Ways Local Government Can Use Social Media, 2015. Excerpted from United States Department of Agriculture website, 2016. 16 Excerpted from United States Environmental Protection Agency website, 2016. 14 15
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17
The Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation’s (WEDC’s) Community Development Investment Grant (CDIG) program helps transform communities by supporting local development unique to Wisconsin’s communities in Wisconsin. The CDIG supports urban, small city and rural community redevelopment efforts by providing financial incentives for shovel-ready projects with emphasis on, but not limited to, downtown community-driven efforts. Grants up to $50,000 are available for planning efforts, and grants up to $500,000 are available for implementation projects. The program operates through a competitive process that occurs two to three times per fiscal year. Grant recipients must demonstrate significant, measurable benefits in job opportunities, property values and/or leveraged investment by local and private partners. UW-Extension Center for Community & Economic Development
18
The UW-Extension Center for Community and Economic Development offers a number of programs intended to assist local governments with economic development activities. They include: ! ! ! ! !
Community Preparedness and Resiliency Downtown Revitalization Food Systems Initiative Tourism Development First Impressions Program
For addition information on these programs, please visit the UW-Ext website. 19
NEW North
New North, Inc. is a 501(c)3 nonprofit, regional marketing and economic development organization fostering collaboration among private and public sector leaders throughout the 18 counties of Northeast Wisconsin, known as the New North region. New North is a regional partner to the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation (WEDC) and the State of Wisconsin, as well as local economic development partners, and represents more than 100 private investors. The New North brand unites the region both internally and externally around talent development, brand promotion and business development, signifying the collective economic power behind our 18 counties. The counties include Brown, Calumet, Door, Florence, Fond du Lac, Green Lake, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Oconto, Outagamie, Shawano, Sheboygan, Waupaca, Waushara, and Winnebago. Key initiatives of NEW North include: ! ! !
Attract, develop, and retain diverse talent. Foster targeted industry clusters and new markets. Support an entrepreneurial climate and small business.
Excerpted from Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation website, 2016. Excerpted from UW-Extension website, 2016. 19 Excerpted from NEW North website, 2016. 17 18
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Encourage educational attainment. Elevate sustainability as an economic driver. Promote the regional brand. 20
Bay Lake Regional Planning Association
Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission annually creates a Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (CEDS) report, which evaluates local and regional population and economic activity. The purpose of the CEDS is to bring together the public and private sectors in the creation of an economic roadmap to diversify and strengthen the regional economy and to qualify the region for additional EDA assistance. A section within the CEDS identifies other economic development initiatives at the state, regional, subregional, and local levels. The CEDS analyzes local and regional economies and serves as a guide for promoting regional goals and objectives, developing and implementing a regional plan of action, and identifying investment priorities and funding sources. Kewaunee County Economic Development Corporation
21
The Kewaunee Economic Development Corporation (KCEDC) works pro-actively to retain, expand, develop and attract businesses that strengthen the economy of Kewaunee County. As the economy and markets transition, KCEDC helps business and local communities prepare and partner for adaptation and improvement. Targeted industries include: ! ! ! ! !
Agriculture Energy Fishing and maritime Manufacturing Tourism
For additional information related to economic development, please refer to the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan 2025.
Chapter 8: Land Use Introduction Land Use is the defining element of a comprehensive plan. Its main purpose is to provide a framework for decision makers to guide growth and development. Wisconsin’s Comprehensive Planning Law requires that land use decisions reached via a zoning ordinance, subdivision ordinance, or official map be consistent with the comprehensive plan (Chapter 66.1001(3), Wis. Stats.). Implementation of the comprehensive plan will result from the incremental decisions made by elected and appointed officials during the review and approval of zoning changes, certified survey maps, subdivision plats, site plans, and the like. It will guide the Town Board, Plan Commission, property owners, and developers through the development process. 20 21
Excerpted from Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission website, 2016. Excerpted from Kewaunee County Economic Development Corporation website, 2016.
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2016 Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan Successful implementation will require a sustained effort by the public and private sectors to utilize this chapter, and the Future Land Use map contained within it, as the essential decision-making guide for land use in the Town of Montpelier.
Land Use Vision To encourage well-planned development designed in harmony with the natural landscape so as to ensure a safe, beautiful, and thriving community for future generations.
Inventory of Current Land Uses The land use categories and acreages presented in Table 10 result from the Current Land Use map appearing on the following page. The map was developed utilizing GIS data provided by Kewaunee County, BLRPC, and WisDOT. The purpose of the map is to provide a ‘snap shot’ of the Town as it exists today.
Primary Land Use Tools
Zoning Ordinance
Table 10: Land Uses in the Town of Montpelier, 2016 Category Agricultural Commercial Communications & Utilities Governmental & Institutional Industrial Residential Transportation Natural Areas
Total Acreage 16,595.78 19.85 2.65 15.36 74.39 555.42 229.71 5,594.77
Percent of Total Acreage 71.88% 0.09% 0.01% 0.07% 0.32% 2.41% 0.99% 24.23%
Source: Town of Montpelier Current Land Use map
The purpose of a zoning ordinance is to identify the permitted and conditional uses allowed on parcel of land within designated zoning districts. Zoning ordinances may also regulate lot size, road frontage, density, and the location, height, and size of structures, among others. The Town of Montpelier administers and enforces its own. Subdivision Ordinance Unlike zoning, which regulates the use of land, subdivision regulations govern the manner in which land transitions from one use to another (typically from agricultural or open space to residential). A subdivision ordinance provides the procedures and standards for dividing a large parcel into smaller parcels for sale or development. Subdivision regulations require that developers meet certain conditions in order to record a certified survey map or plat. They provide an effective tool through which local government can implement a comprehensive plan. Subdivision regulations in Montpelier are currently administered and enforced by Kewaunee County.
Community Design Considerations Community design is an important component of planning and plays a significant role in determining quality of life in a community. Elements of community design may include the culture and history of a community along with architectural standards, open space and natural resource protection, transportation and access, and recreation,
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among others. Ordinances provide the primary means by which local governments implement community design requirements.
Property Rights The issue of private property rights versus community need underlies every comprehensive planning effort. Property rights are ingrained in American jurisprudence. Those rights have been respected, to the greatest extent feasible, throughout the planning effort. This chapter describes and illustrates proposed development patterns for the Town of Lincoln. It will be used by local officials, landowners, and developers (among others) to make informed land use and development decisions. Should a landowner disagree with the Future Land Use map, or any other aspect of this plan, he/she has the right to petition the Town Board for an amendment to the document. All amendments will occur through a public process, defined by state law, and will include a public hearing. The process of amending the comprehensive plan is described in Chapter 10: Implementation beginning on page 47. Community Character Character is defined differently for each community but includes a blend of natural, built, visual, and cultural characteristics. It represents the sum of the attributes and assets that make a community unique, and that establish a sense of place for its residents. For the Town of Montpelier, community character means country living and the land uses typical of a rural community: agriculture, open space, natural resources, and limited development.
Future Land Use Map The future land use map reflects the visions, goals, objectives, and policies presented throughout the comprehensive plan. It is the principal tool for guiding development. By statute, decisions related to land use and development must be made in a manner consistent with the map. Landowners and developers will consult the plan when making development decisions, and should be confident that an application for development that is consistent with the comprehensive plan will be approved. However, the comprehensive plan is not a static document. It must evolve to reflect current conditions. If not regularly reviewed and amended, it will become less effective over time. Applications for rezoning and development that are inconsistent with the plan must be given due consideration, not rejected out of hand. In some situations, it may be desirable to amend the plan (and maps) to accommodate a compatible, but previously unplanned use. Changes to the plan (including its maps) must be considered in the context of all nine required plan elements, and reflect the visions, goals, objectives, and policies expressed within the document. The process of amending a plan is governed by the same rules as during its adoption. The Future Land Use map appearing on page 44 replaces the version presented in the 2006 Comprehensive Plan. For additional information regarding plan amendments please refer to the Chapter 10: Implementation beginning on page 45.
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Description of Future Land Uses As a rural, agricultural community with limited development demand, the Town of Montpelier the need for additional land use categories beyond those already present within the community. However, it does see potential benefit in incorporating greater flexibility within the zoning ordinance in order to accommodate differing uses (primarily residential and commercial) within the same structure, on the same parcel, or on adjoining parcels. Also, the Town has chosen to retain the riparian buffer included in the 2006 plan, albeit as a smaller scale. Mixed Residential / Commercial The purpose of the Mixed Residential/Commercial (MRC) category is to allow for compatible residential and commercial land uses to share structures and parcels within the two hamlet areas identified on the Future Land Use map. Commercial uses within these areas would be accommodated through a Conditional Use permit under the Town of Montpelier Zoning Ordinance. The MRC category shall apply exclusively to residential and commercial zoned parcels located within the areas designated on the Future Land Use map. Riparian Corridor The riparian corridor comprises a 100’ buffer extending from the high water mark of the stream segments presented on the Future Land Use map. Development within the corridor would be limited to activities that do not pose significant harm to the quality, quantity, and temperature of the adjoining waterway. Any restrictions developed as a result of the proposed corridor would be applied to parcels only upon application for a permit or approval under the zoning ordinance (conditional use permit, rezone, etc.), or subdivision ordinance (CSM, subdivision plat, plat of survey, etc.).
Land Use Projections Table 11: Town of Montpelier Land Use Projections, 2020-2035 Category Agricultural Commercial Industrial Mixed Commercial / Industrial Residential
Current 16,595.78 19.85 74.39 0 555.42
2020 16,576.78 22.85 70.39 85 577.42
2025 16,557.78 25.85 66.39 170 599.42
2030 16,538.78 28.85 62.39 255 621.42
2035 16520.73 32.63 56.88 337.88 643.9
Source: Town of Montpelier Future Land Use map.
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Chapter 9: Intergovernmental Cooperation Introduction Intergovernmental cooperation may be defined as any arrangement through which two or more municipalities communicate visions and coordinate plans, policies, and programs to address and resolve issues of mutual interest. It can include the sharing of information, facilities, and equipment or involve entering into formal intergovernmental agreements.22 The purpose of the intergovernmental cooperation chapter of the comprehensive plan is to describe current intergovernmental agreements, explore opportunities for future collaboration, and identify potential areas of conflict between the Town and its governmental neighbors.
Intergovernmental Vision The Town of Montpelier will retain cordial relationships with neighboring municipalities, Kewaunee County, and state agencies and will continue to seek opportunities for collaboration that lead to improved services and lower taxes for its residents, landowners, and business owners.
Current Intergovernmental Agreements As of March 2016, the Town of Montpelier is party to boundary agreements with the Towns of Eaton, Franklin, Luxemburg, and West Kewaunee
Chapter 10: Implementation Introduction The implementation chapter is the “how to” portion of the plan. It describes the actions necessary to realize the visions presented in this document through the goals, objectives, and policies associated with each chapter. The information included herein represents the commitments the Town of Montpelier has made to achieve its desired future.
Responsible Parties The responsibility for implementing this plan will primarily lay with the Plan Commission, with the Town Board retaining the authority to approve recommended implementation actions. All Town Board and Plan Commission decisions pertaining to land use and development will be made in accordance with this document. The individuals and groups responsible for each action item are listed within the tables that follow. 22
Excerpted from Guide to Preparing the Intergovernmental Element of a Comprehensive Plan, Wisconsin Department of Administration, 2002.
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Measuring Progress Milestone dates are provided for each policy task so that the Town may track progress and ensure that the plan is fully implemented. The Town Board and Plan Commission reviewed and approved the milestone dates presented in the tables that follow.
Review and Update Process The comprehensive plan may be revised at any time. However, state statutes require that a comprehensive plan be updated no less than once every ten years. The Town of Montpelier will adhere to the following comprehensive plan review timeline: !
!
Five-year Review – Within five years of plan adoption, the Plan Commission will undertake a review of the document to determine whether revisions are warranted. Any changes to the document trigger the same public participation requirements as adoption of the initial plan including, but not limited to: intergovernmental announcements, public participation plan, and a Class 1 public hearing. The Town Board shall approve the amended plan. Ten-year Update – Within ten years of plan adoption, the Planning & Zoning Commission will update the plan as required under Chapter 66.1001(2)(i), Wis. Stats., and consistent with all other requirements of Wisconsin’s Comprehensive Planning Law.
Petitions for Plan Revision Any interested party may petition the Plan Commission for a revision to the comprehensive plan. The process for revising the plan would entail: ! ! !
Submittal of a request to have a petition for revision placed on the agenda of the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Plan Commission. Plan Commission review of request and recommendation to the Town Board. Town Board approval of opening the comprehensive plan to potential revision.
Once the Town Board approves opening the plan for potential revision, the process must adhere to all plan development and adoption requirements as per Chapter 66.1001, Wis. Stats.
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2016 Table 12: Implementation Plan Elements
Implementation Housing; Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources; Economic Development; Land Use.
Housing; Transportation; Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources. Utilities and Community Facilities; Economic Development Housing; Transportation; Utilities and Community Facilities; Economic Development. Housing; Utilities and Community Facilities; Economic Development. Housing; Utilities and Community Facilities; Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources.
Utilities and Community Facilities; Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources.
Addendum to the Comprehensive Plan
Objective
Responsible Party
2016 Ensure that the comprehensive plan is incorporated into all development review and decision processes. Update the zoning ordinance to meet the consistency requirement of Wisconsin’s Comprehensive Planning Law and to comply with the requirements of Wisconsin’s Farmland Preservation/Working Lands Program. 2017 Adopt land division and subdivision regulations to guide desired residential development.
Town Clerk, Town Board Town Board, Plan Commission, Consultant
Town Board, Plan Commission, Consultant
Pursue opportunities to expand access to high-speed internet throughout the Town. Develop a Town website.
Town Board, Consultant
Develop a presence on social media.
Town Clerk, Town Board, Consultant
Town Clerk, Town Board, Consultant
2018 Adopt a personal energy systems ordinance to guide the location, installation, and operation of photovoltaic solar, personal wind, geothermal, manure digesters, and other small energy systems. 2019 Adopt a comprehensive outdoor recreation plan to provide eligibility for state and federal grants.
Town Board, Plan Commission, Consultant
Town Board, Plan Commission, Consultant
Chapter X: Appendix The Appendix of the 2016 Addendum to the 2006 Comprehensive Plan includes: •
The Public Participation Plan, describing the opportunities available for the general public to engage in the process of updating the plan.
•
A copy of the Town of Montpelier ordinance adopting the 2016 Addendum to the 2006 Comprehensive Plan.
These documents appear on the following pages.
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PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCEDURES AND PLAN ADOPTION
Introduction The Public Participation Procedures and Plan Adoption describes the means by which the Town of Montpelier engaged the public in the development of the 2016 Update to the 2006 Comprehensive Plan. The 2016 update was developed in a fair and consensus based manner, balancing the needs of individuals with those of the community at large, to achieve the desired future for the Town of Montpelier.
Comprehensive Planning Law Requirements Chapter 66.1001(4)(a), Wis. Stats., requires that, “The governing body of a local government unit shall adopt written procedures that are designed to foster public participation, including open discussion, communication programs, information services, and public meetings for which advance notice has been provided, in every stage of the preparation of a comprehensive plan. The written procedures shall provide for wide distribution of proposed, alternative or amended elements of a comprehensive plan and shall provide an opportunity for written comments on the plan to be submitted by members of the public to the governing body and for the governing body to respond to such written comments.”
Public Participation Procedures The Town of Montpelier, Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, in order to engage the public in the process of developing the 2016 Update to the 2006 Comprehensive Plan, has adopted the following Public Participation Procedures. It is the intent of these procedures to provide opportunities for the public to be meaningfully involved throughout the process of developing the document. The Town Board designated the Town of Montpelier Plan Commission as the appropriate representative body to initiate this public involvement effort. In accordance with the requirements of Chapter 66.1001(4)(a), Wis. Stats., the Town of Montpelier did: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
Adopt this Public Participation Plan. Hold a Community Engagement Session to begin the plan update process. Hold regularly scheduled meetings of the Plan Commission to review draft plan document and maps. Hold a Public Hearing to solicit testimony from interested parties regarding the recommended update of the comprehensive plan. Post all meeting summaries, draft documents, maps to Community Planning & Consulting’s corporate webpage. Make available to the public information about the planning process and copies of plan documents. Record meeting attendance through sign-in sheets as part of the plan process record. Inform all adjoining municipalities, Kewaunee County, Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Wisconsin Department of Transportation, and nonmetallic mining interests within the Town of the planning process. Accept written comments from residents, landowners, and other interested parties throughout the planning process.
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PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCEDURES AND PLAN ADOPTION All meetings related to the comprehensive plan were open to the public and duly posted pursuant to Ch. 985.02(2) Wis. Stats. The public notice announcing the required public hearing on the plan was published as a Class 1 notice, pursuant to Ch. 985.02(1) Wis. Stats., at least 30 days prior to the hearing. The Class 1 notice included the following: ! ! ! !
Date, time and place of the hearing. A brief summary of the 2016 Update to the 2006 Comprehensive Plan. The name of the Town representative who could provide additional information regarding the process of developing the 2016 update. The locations where a copy of the update could be viewed prior to the hearing.
Prior to posting the public hearing notice, copies of the recommended 2016 Update of the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan were made available for viewing at the Town Hall and on the project website located at www.communityplanningandconsulting.com. Written testimony was accepted prior to and during the public hearing. Oral testimony was accepted during the hearing. All approved revisions to the recommended 2016 Update of the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan resulting from testimony provided during the hearing were posted to the project website and included in the official minutes of the hearing.
Plan Adoption The Town of Montpelier Board of Supervisors established a Town Plan Commission in accordance with the requirements of Ch. 66.1001(4)(a) Wis. Stats. The Plan Commission was the governmental body primarily responsible for the development of the update. Following the public hearing, and the incorporation of any revisions prompted by submitted testimony, the Plan Commission recommended to the Town Board the adoption of the 2016 Update of the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan. Based on the recommendation of the Plan Commission, the Town Board, by majority vote, enacted an ordinance adopting the 2016 Update of the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan. A copy of the ordinance and adopted plan was delivered to the following parties: ! ! ! ! ! !
Kewaunee County. Kewaunee Public Library. Towns of Carlton, Casco, Franklin, Pierce, and West Kewaunee in Kewaunee County; and the Towns of Eaton and Humboldt in Brown County. Kewaunee and Luxemburg-Casco School Districts. Bay Lake Regional Planning Commission. Wisconsin Departments of Administration, Natural Resources, and Transportation.
A copy of the 2016 Update of the Town of Montpelier Comprehensive Plan will be permanently maintained at the Montpelier Town Hall and Kewaunee Public Library for public viewing purposes. A copy of the document may be purchased by contacting the Town Clerk.
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