Project Support to Establishment of Environmental and Energy Clubs in Primary Schools within Kosovo

Topic presentation Renewable Energy Resources

December 2010, Prishtina

Project realization

• Funded by: US Embassy, Pristina

• Supported by: MEST, MESP, Municipality of Prishtina, School authorities

• Realized by: NGO Kosovo Energy and Environmental Club, Prishtina

• Beneficiary schools: Hasan Prishtina, Hilmi Rakovica and 7 Marsi

Training Topics Project “ Support to the Establishment of Environmental and Energy Clubs in Primary School within Kosovo ”

1.

The Role of Schools and Pupils in environmental protection

2.

Environmental Protection

3.

Climate Change

4.

Energy Saving

5.

Renewable Energy Resources

6.

Energy Efficiency

Agenda  KEEC presentation in Schools  Topic: Renewable Energy Resources  Realization: December 2010  Schools participating in Project:  Hilmi Rakovica, 07 – 16 December 2010  Hasan Prishtina, 06 – 15 December 2010  7 Marsi, 08 - 17 December 2010  Participants during project realization:  Project team,  School teachers  Environmental & Energy Clubs

Renewable Energy Resources  Two session for Topic: Renewable Energy Resources  First session  Presentation on Power point on Renewable Energy Resources  Brainstorm ideas for topic expansion  Delivery of the questionnaire

 Second session  Home works presentation

 Exercises and topic evaluation

 Topic’s expected results  Knowledge and awareness increased

 Best Homework winner

Kosovo’s Environment and Energy Policies Sustainable Development

Decrease

Climate Change (CC)

Increase

Environmental Pollution (EP)

Fossil Energy Sources (FES)

Energy Efficiency (EE)

20%

Energy Saving (ES)

20%

Renewable Energy Sources (RES) 20% 20%

Renewable Energy Resources

What are Renewable Sources? Renewable energy sources are the following: Non-fossil energy sources, such as:

• • • • • • • •

Wind power Solar energy Hydropower Biomass energy Geothermal energy Sea wave energy Tide and ebb-tide energy Waste gas

Renewable Energy – Basics Republic of Kosovo

• The Republic of Kosovo currently relies heavily on coal, oil and natural gas from import for its energy needs. • Fossil fuels are nonrenewable that is, environmentally damaging to retrieve.

• In contrast, renewable energy resources—such as wind and solar energy—are constantly replenished and will never run out. In Kosovo 97% of electricity is produced from coal, and 3% from renewable energy resources

Solar Energy Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses.

Wind Energy

The sun's heat also drives the winds, whose energy is captured with wind turbine. Then, the winds and the sun's heat cause water to evaporate.

Hydropower When this water vapor turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured using hydropower Hydropower, hydraulic power or water power is power that is derived from the force or energy of moving water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Flowing water creates energy that can be captured and turned into electricity. This is called hydroelectric power or hydropower.

Biomass Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. The organic matter that makes up those plants is known as biomass. Biomass can be used to heat, produce electricity, transportation fuels, or chemicals. The use of biomass for any of these purposes is called biomass energy. •

• • •

cycle of sunlight - photosynthesis plant growth - absorption of CO2 emission of O2. combustion of wood - heat some plants - alcohol decomposition - methane/landfill gas/fuel for heating.

Geothermal Energy

Not all renewable energy resources come from the sun. Geothermal energy taps the Earth's internal heat for a variety of uses, including electric power production, and the heating and cooling of buildings.

Hydrogen Hydrogen also can be found in many organic compounds, as well as water. It's the most abundant element on the Earth. But it doesn't occur naturally as a gas. It's always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Once separated from another element, hydrogen can be burned as a fuel or converted into electricity.

H2O?

Ocean The energy of the ocean's tides comes from the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun upon the Earth. The ocean can produce thermal energy from the sun's heat and mechanical energy from the tides and waves.

Renewable Energy Sources Renewable energy sources can provide heat and electricity:  solar energy, which comes from the Sun  geothermal energy, which comes from inside the Earth  biofuels which comes from plant and animal matter

or just electricity:  wind energy using wind turbines  hydropower using the power of gravity and its effect on water  ocean energy using either the power of the tides, ocean currents or waves

Forms of Renewable Energy All sources of energy ultimately come from the sun.

This is particularly obvious in the case of renewable energies.

Wind Power Each wind turbine can produce between 1/4 and 5 MW of electrical power. Wind farm needs to be located where there is a relatively high average wind speed. Advantages? Disadvantages?

Promoting Green Energy

Calculation of number of households supplied by a wind farm  Assume 10 wind turbines each generating 250 kW during the year operated 70% of time .  In a year this amounts 15,000.000 kWh.  If this figure is divided by average amount of electricity used by a consumer ie 5,600 kWh in a year,  Answer is 2,738 consumers.

Renewable sources and environmental protection Fossil fuels  Coal  Oil  Natural gas  Nuclear fuels

Greenhouse gas emissions:  Climate change  Environmental degradation

Renewable sources  Solar energy  Water  Wind  Geothermal sources  Biomasses

Environmental protection  Reducing the level of use of fossil fuels  Reducing the level of greenhouse gas emissions  Increasing the level of use of renewable energy sources

  

Decreasing the level of CO2 Decreasing the level of greenhouse gas Reducing the level of waste and recycling

Renewable energy sources How can we be more effective in using renewable energy sources? 

Using small hydropower plants and small wind power plants



Using solar panels to heat the water for households and public buildings



Using thermal sources for heating and in agriculture

Thank you for your attention!

Questions and Discussions