Things to Consider about working on Team Projects

Team Dynamics  Tuckman Team Development Model  Practical Considerations  Hints for Working in Teams 1 ©1999 Richard Klein Things to Consider abou...
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Team Dynamics  Tuckman Team Development Model  Practical Considerations  Hints for Working in Teams

1 ©1999 Richard Klein

Things to Consider about working on Team Projects Richard Klein

2 ©1999 Richard Klein

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Objectives Following this lecture, you should  Understand the process of team formation  Understand important considerations in joining and forming teams

3 ©1999 Richard Klein

Tuckman Team Development Model  Four stages to high performance    

Forming Storming Norming Performing

 Two areas of personal development  Personal relationships  Task functions

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Stages of Team Development  Each stage is needed  Each stage builds on the previous stage  Skipping a step negatively affects team performance

 For each major new challenge or change, the process repeats

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Forming  Establishing base level expectations for the work to be done  Agreeing on common goals  Making contact - getting to know each other  “Why are we here?”

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Forming

continued

 Typical of this stage  milling around, confusion, impersonal, polite / superficial

 Action steps     

set goals establish roles identify team members team member introductions set initial ground rules

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Storming  Expressing differences of ideas, feelings, opinions  Reacting to leadership  Team members are independent, not working together

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Storming

continued

 Typical of this stage  frustration, attacking, conflict, cliques, feeling stuck

 Action steps  listen to each other  spend time together  work actively to set a supportive environment  build trust by honoring commitments 9 ©1999 Richard Klein

Norming  Developing team patterns that work  Cohesion beginning  Establish procedures  Giving constructive feedback  Confronting issues

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Norming

continued

 Typical of this stage  members agree about roles and processes for problem solving  decisions made through negotiation and consensus building

 Action steps      

recognize and reinforce “synergy” behavior share rewards for successes constant communication share responsibility delegate freely within the team be selective of new team members

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Performing Team members feel very motivated High pride in the team “We” versus “I” orientation Individuals defer to team needs High trust High openness and support Little waste - very efficient team operations  OK to risk confrontation  Superior team performance       

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Practical Considerations  Identify team members  Match in     

availability for team meetings geographic location grade goals/expectations personality styles get to know your team members

 Good mix of experience and skills relevant to the project

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Practical Considerations

continued

 Establish team decision making rules  consensus  majority vote  how do you break a tie vote?

 Establish team structure  Assigned roles vs ad hoc task performance  responsibilities of roles? 14 ©1999 Richard Klein

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Practical Considerations

continued

 Establish team operating procedures  When / where will team meetings be held  Team communications  Record and distribute discussions and decisions from team meetings  Managing the project plan and maintaining the project workbook

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Practical Considerations

continued

 Establish team ground rules  Examples  Individual assignments must be completed before the team meeting at which they will be discussed.  Attendance at meetings is mandatory. If absence is unavoidable, individual assignments must be completed and delivered to the team before the team meeting.  etc ...

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Hints for working in teams  Respect the time and talents of your team members   

Be on time Be prepared Be helpful when you have to criticize a team member’s work

 Conduct well managed meetings  

Distribute an agenda ahead of time Take minutes: record key points of discussions and all action items. Distribute these promptly to all team members

 Do not expect to do all the tasks in the team meeting  

Work independently and in parallel on different parts of the project Use team meetings to coordinate, review and integrate the work 17

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