THE U.S. ECONOMY & STOCK MARKET
Stanley A. Nabi, CFA Vice Chairman October 2011
EXHIBIT I Real GDP has finally surpassed its prior peak reached in the 4th quarter of 2007 and is now formally in expansion mode. The intervening lag in employment, with about 6.5 million less holding jobs, confirms the strong gains in productivity; it also underscores the tight cost controls implemented by corporate managements.
u.s. real gross domestic product Billions of Chained 2005 Dollars Quarterly SA 3Q11: $13,352.8
14000
4Q07 $13,326.0
13500
3Q11 $13,352.8
13000 12500 12000
civilian employment Thousands November-07 2008 2009 2010 September-11
11500 11000 10500
146,647 145,342 139,877 139,064 140,025
11
10
09
08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
97
10000 Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
1
EXHIBIT II Strong gains in productivity and restrained wages have favorably impacted profits and margins. Note: Productivity has declined in the latest two quarters reported, and it may well indicate that the peak in productivity for this cycle may have been registered.
nonfarm productivity: output per hour 2005=100 Quarterly SA 2Q11: 110.3
115 110 105 100 95 90 85
11
10
09
08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
80 Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
2
EXHIBIT III Consumers continue to spend at a moderately rising clip and do not seem intimidated by concern over an economic relapse. Retail sales are typically a voting machine for consumer sentiment.
nominal retail sales ex food service % Y/Y Growth 3 Month MA SA September11: 8.3%
15 10 5
0 -5 -10
11
10
09
08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
-15 Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
3
EXHIBIT IV Sluggish employment growth and limited gains in wages and incomes have failed to impede the recovery in consumer spending. real consumer spending
consumer spending as a % of gdp
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
4
07
10
08
06
8900 04
60 02
9000
00
62
98
9100
96
64
94
9200
92
66
90
9300
88
68
86
9400
84
70
82
9500
80
72
11
Billions of Chained 2005 Dollars Quarterly SAAR 3Q11: $9,449.5
3Q11: 71.1%
10
SAAR
09
Quarterly
08
%
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
EXHIBIT V Consumer spending is once again tracking the rise in Disposable Personal Income. Will events in the capital markets disturb the tight formation?
u.s. nominal consumer income & spending $Billions Monthly SAAR August11: $11,619 (DSPI), 10,768 (PCE)
12000 11500 11000 10500 10000 9500 9000
Disposable Personal Income (DSPI)
11
10
09
08
07
06
05
8500
Personal Expenditures (PCE) Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
5
EXHIBIT VI Although it has been in decline for more than three years, U.S. household debt remains elevated by historical standards. Therefore, growth in consumer spending may remain modest following its recent recovery from the recession.
household debt / disposable personal income % Quarterly 2Q11: 114%
140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60
10
08
06
04
02
00
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
50 Source: Silvercrest; Federal Reserve; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
6
EXHIBIT VII The sharp rebound in exports to a record high leads to two observations: supportive global demand, particularly by emerging economies, and some revival in U.S. competitiveness.
u.s. real exports Billions of Chained 2005 Dollars Quarterly SAAR 3Q11: $1,782.4
1900 1800 1700 1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100
11
10
09
08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
1000 Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
7
EXHIBIT VIII The troubled housing sector appears to be emerging from its recent trough, with new homes for sale at a record low, multifamily home permits up more than 50%, housing starts apparently bottoming, and rents rebounding. The weak recovery of recent months appears to be gaining momentum. new u.s. houses for sale
new housing starts Thousands
Monthly
Thousands
SAAR September11: 658
2500
600
2000
500
Monthly
NSA September11:163
400
1500
300
1000
200
0
0 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10
100
76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10
500
u.s. cpi total rent
10
08
06
04
02
SA September11: 1.8%
00
Monthly
98
94
92
90
86
-1 84
0 11
1 0
10
100
09
2
08
200
07
4 3
05 06
300
04
5
03
400
02
7 6
01
500
00
8
98 99
600
88
% Y/Y Growth
96
multi-family permits Thousands 3 Month Ave. SAAR September11: 194
Source: Silvercrest; Census Bureau, Department of Commerce
8
EXHIBIT IX The current strong spending on plant and equipment in the U.S. is likely sustainable for an extended period due to the elevated age of facilities in place and the apparent revival in manufacturing which is being driven by rising exports and signs of repatriation. u.s. average age of mfg plants Historical-Cost Average
Annual
u.s. average age of equipment
2010: 13.2
14.0
Historical-Cost Average
Annual
2010: 5.7
5.8 5.6
13.0
5.4 12.0
5.2
11.0
5.0 4.8
10.0
4.6 9.0
4.4
65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
9
65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09
4.2
8.0
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
EXHIBIT X Both industrial and agricultural commodities have retreated from their recent spike, easing fear of parabolic inflation triggered by rising demand from emerging economies.
goldman sachs commodity index Last Price
Weekly 14Oct11: $637.90
900 800 700 600 500 400
06 -2 01 1
12 -2 01 0
06 -2 01 0
12 -2 00 9
06 -2 00 9
12 -2 00 8
06 -2 00 8
12 -2 00 7
06 -2 00 7
12 -2 00 6
06 -2 00 6
12 -2 00 5
06 -2 00 5
12 -2 00 4
300
Source: Silvercrest; Bloomberg
10
EXHIBIT XI Debt service payments as a percentage of Personal Disposable Income has been declining since 2007 due to a drop in consumer borrowing, the persistent slide in interest rates and the renunciation of some mortgages. The Fed’s advertised determination to maintain a policy of very low interest rates should continue to improve the debt service ratio.
debt service as a % of disposable personal income %
Quarterly
2Q11: 11.1%
14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0
10
08
06
04
02
00
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
10.5 Source: Silvercrest; Federal Reserve
11
EXHIBIT XII Federal Spending as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product is at the highest level since World War II. Reversion to a more normal ratio of about 20% requires extreme, almost heroic, efforts and very delicate rebalancing, if deleterious consequences are to be avoided.
federal spending as a % of nominal gdp %
Quarterly
SAAR
3Q11: 24.6%
28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12
11
09
07
05
03
01
97 99
95
93
91
89
87
85
83
81
79
77
75
73
71
69
67
65
63
61
59
57
55
51 53
49
47
10 Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
12
EXHIBIT XIII Non-financial corporate debt relative to net worth is back to normal historical levels. This is in addition to the massive liquidity of almost $2.0 trillion on balance sheets.
u.s. non-financial corporate debt / net worth % Quarterly Historical Cost 2Q11: 62.8%
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30
10
08
06
04
02
00
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
68
66
64
62
60
20 Source: Silvercrest; Federal Reserve
13
EXHIBIT XIV Profit margins have surpassed the prior record but appear to be peaking, presenting a challenge to corporate managements, particularly when viewed relative to corporate compensation (wages) as a % of corporate GDP.
compensation / corporate gdp
S&P 500 Net Margin (4Qtr Average) s&p net margins (4qtr average)
1 0%
70%
9%
68%
8% 7%
66%
6%
64%
5% 4%
62%
3%
60%
2% 1%
58% 50
0% '63
'66
'69
'7 2
'7 5
'7 8
'81
'84
'87
'90
'93
'96
'99
'02
'05
'08
Source: Strategas
14
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
00
05
10
'1 1
Source: Silvercrest; Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce
EXHIBIT XV The risk profile of the fixed income sector is depicted in the charts below. U.S. Treasury bonds are currently valued at an implied P/E nearly triple that of stocks (S&P 500) even after applying a risk premium of 500 bps. With corporate profits certain to register further gains, at least over the next 6 months, this disparity is likely to attract investors’ attention.
average bond "p/e" by decade
average s&p 500 trailing "p/e" by decade
(100/10-Year Treasury Yield)
*
50x
47
45x
35x
40x 35x
30x
20x 15x
25x
23
21
20x
16
14
12.5
15x
10
10x
19.5
18.1
20.1
*
12.8
11.7
10x
5x 0x
5x
* As of 10/17/11
15
'0 0s
'9 0s
ur re nt C
* As of 10/17/11
'8 0s
'7 0s
ur re nt C
'0 0s
'9 0s
'8 0s
'7 0s
'6 0s
0x '6 0s
30x 25x
40x
EXHIBIT XVI Except for periods of highly elevated interest rates, market valuations (S&P 500) have rarely been as low as they are at present.
valuations of stocks at major market bottoms year 1963 1966 1970 1974 1982 1987 1990 2002 2009 Current*
low price (S&P 500) $51.35 72.28 68.61 60.96 102.20 216.46 294.51 768.63 666.79 $1,201.00
eps $3.67 5.55 5.13 8.89 12.64 17.50 22.65 46.04 56.86 a $96.00
p/e 14.0x 13.0x 13.4x 6.9x 8.1x 12.4x 13.0x 16.7x 11.7x 12.5x
div. yield 4.1% 4.0 4.6 5.9 6.7 4.1 4.1 2.1 3.4 2.1%
10-yr treas. ytm 3.9% 5.0 7.9 7.9 13.1 9.5 8.7 3.9 2.8 2.3%
* As of 10/17/2011. Current EPS is a Silvercrest estimate for next 12 months. (a) Silvercrest’s estimate NTM a
16
EXHIBIT XVII Compression in Price/Earnings ratios often occur near the trough of a market, in part reflecting capitulation. Investors are not differentiating between growth and value, according both nearly similar multiples.
S&P 500 financials price-to-book value ntm price to earnings ratio ntm price to earnings ratio s&p 500’s largest 50 companies s&p 500’s largest 50 companies March 2000
October 2011
Source: Strategas
17
Source: Strategas
EXHIBIT XVIII Financials represent a major slice of the S&P 500 Index (about 14%). They have been the poorest performing major sector of the market, causing their valuations to be particularly depressed. Can the stock market mount a significant rally without a meaningful participation by this group?
S&P 500 financials price-to-book value
Source: Strategas
18
EXHIBIT XIX Robust profits have allowed U.S. non-financial corporations to accumulate cash at a record pace, whether measured in absolute terms or as a ratio of Gross Domestic Product. u.s. nonfinancial corporate liquid assets $Billions
Quarterly
u.s. nonfinancial corporate as a % of nominal gdp
2Q11: $2,054
%
Quarterly
2Q11: 13.7%
14
2,504
13 12
2,004
11
1,504
10 9 8
1,004
7
504
6 5
19
11
08
05
02
99
96
93
90
87
84
78
81
75
72
69
66
63
11
08
02 05
99
96
93
90
87
84
78
75
72
69
66
63
60
81
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
60
4
4
Source: Silvercrest; BEA
EXHIBIT XX With earnings and cash flow at record levels and headed higher, corporate America is under pressure to raise dividends among other measures to deploy the excessive accumulation of cash on balance sheets. Note that the current payout ratio is at a historic low. undistibuted corporate profits with iva & ccadj
s & p 500 payout ratio %
Quarterly
2Q11: 26%
$Billion
Quarterly
SAAR
2Q11: $707.0
800
70 65
700
60 600
55 500
50 45
400
40
300
35 200
30 100
25
20
10
08
06
04
02
00
98
96
94
92
90
10
08
06
04
02
00
96
94
92
90
88
98
Source: Silvercrest; Standard and Poor’s
88
0
20
Source: Silvercrest; BEA, Department of Commerce
EXHIBIT XXI Hourly compensation in the U.S. is near the lowest among the major industrialized countries. This is favorable to U.S. competitiveness.
hourly compensation in u.s. dollars all employees, manufacturing OECD Germany Sweden Australia France Japan Italy USA Canada UK
1996 28.99 23.88 19.36 27.80 23.93 20.88 22.11 19.01 16.88
2011* 44.89 44.61 42.54 38.67 36.89 33.74 33.53 32.52 30.72
* Estimates using 2009 wage rates and exchange rates as of 9/30/2011. Source: Silvercrest; US Bureau of Labor Statistics
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EXHIBIT XXII
economic forecast (As of October 1, 2011)
2009
2010
Estimated 2011
Projected 2012
Real GDP (Y-O-Y)
(2.6%)
3.1%
1.8%
Real Consumption Expenditures
(1.2%)
2.1%
2.3%
2.8% 2.5%
Business Fixed Investment
(17.1%)
4.4%
7.8%
7.0%
Inventory Investment (Billions)
($113.1)
$58.8
$49.0
$45.0
(4.3%)
(4.3%)
(1.6%)
4.5%
Government Spending* (Billions) (a)
$2,546.4
$2,562.9
$2,520.0
$2,545.0
Trade Balance-Goods & Services (Mil.)
($363.0)
($421.8)
($415.0)
($390.0)
($1,413.8)
($1,294.2)
($1,271.0)
($1,150.0)
$11,910
$13,167
$14,725
$16,130
Consumption Price Deflator
0.2%
1.8%
2.8%
2.6%
Producer Price Index (Finished Goods)
4.3%
3.8%
5.2%
4.0%
Consumer Price Index
(0.3%)
1.6%
3.3%
3.0%
Industrial Production
(11.2%)
5.3%
4.1%
4.4%
Real Disposable Income
0.6%
1.8%
1.8%
2.8%
Hourly Compensation
2.0%
2.2%
2.4%
3.0%
(0.7%)
(2.0%)
4.4%
2.0%
Productivity Growth (% Change)
2.4%
4.1%
(1.6%)
(1.4%)
Personal Savings Rate (% DPI)
5.9%
5.3%
5.3%
5.6%
Capacity Utilization – Total Industry
69.2%
74.5%
77.0%
78.5%
Trade Weighted $ Exchange Rate (b)
4.7%
(3.0%)
(6.4%)
(2.0%)
Vehicle Sales (Million Units)
10.3
11.5
12.4
12.8
Housing Starts (Million Units)
0.554
0.585
0.593
0.780
Civilian Employment (Millions)
139.9
139.1
139.8
141.4
Civilian Unemployment Rate
9.3%
9.6%
9.1%
8.7%
Corporate Profits – After Tax – NIPA
3.6%
19.0%
7.8%
11.0%
S&P-500 Earnings-Operating
$65.26
$86.73
$94.00
$98.00
S&P-500 Dividends
$24.20
$24.50
$26.25
$28.50
90 Day U.S. Treasuries-Yield (%)
0.01-0.32
0.03-0.18
0.00-0.20
0.05-0.50
10-Year U.S. Treasuries-Yield (%)
2.20-3.95
2.39-3.99
1.70-3.74
1.75-2.50
Residential Investment
Federal Budget*: Unified (Billions) Gross Federal Debt* (Billions)
Unit Labor Cost (Non-Farm)
*Fiscal Year-end 9/30. (a) Federal, State, and Local; in 2005 dollars; (b) Fed Major Currency Exchange Rate.
22
NOTES TO RESEARCH
This publication contains the personal opinions, as of the date set forth herein, about the securities, investments, and/or economic subjects discussed by Mr. Nabi. This presentation provides general information only and does not constitute personal investment advice for any particular client or type of client, so the reader should not infer or assume that any securities, sectors or markets described are appropriate to meet the objectives, situation or needs of a particular investor. It is not a recommendation. The implementation of any financial strategy, and the purchase or sale of any security, should only be made after consultation with an attorney, tax advisor and/or investment advisor. All material presented is compiled from sources believed to be reliable, but accuracy or completeness cannot be guaranteed. This publication was prepared for the use of Silvercrest and may not be redistributed, retransmitted or disclosed, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express, written consent of Silvercrest. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. This publication does not constitute an offer to sell or provide, or a solicitation of any offer to buy, sell, or receive, any securities or investment advisory services. Silvercrest may use the analysis contained in this report in providing investment advice to its clients, and may cause its clients to trade in the same and/or contrary to the manner discussed in this publication. Silvercrest does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research publications. As a result, you should be aware that Silvercrest may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this publication. © Silvercrest Asset Management Group LLC
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