File: ISC D.B.
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THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
FINAL SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN FOR SITE CHARACTERIZATION BUILDING 2762-FORMER CARPENTER SHOP and BUILDING 371-FORMER BOAT SHOP Prepared for: EIELSON AIR FORCE BASE, ALASKA Contract No. F41624-03-D-8596-0020
August 2004
FINAL Sampling and Analysis Plan for Site Characterization Building 2762-Former Carpenter Shop and Building 371-Former Boat Shop Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska
Preparedfor Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska
Contract No. F41624-03-D-8596-0020
Preparedby EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc. 3544 International Street Fairbanks, Alaska 99701
August 2004 Revision: I EA Project No. 29700.20
This document has been prepared for the United States Air Force (USAF) by EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc. (BA) to aid in the implementation of environmental investigations. The limited objectives of this document along with the evolving knowledge of site conditions and chemical effects on the environment and health, must be considered when evaluating this document, since subsequent facts may become known that may make this document premature or inaccurate. Government agencies and their contractors registered with the Defense Technical Information Center should direct requests for copies of this document to: Defense Technical Information Center, Cameron Station, Alexandria, VA 22304-6145. Non-government agencies may purchase copies of this document from: National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average I hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and macintatning the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regat ding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for red zcing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Info, mation Operations and Reports. 1215 Jefferson Davis Highwqv, Suite 1204, Arlington. VA 22202-4302, and to the Office ofiManagement and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0 188), Washington D C. 20403. I. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)
2, REPORT DATE AUGUST2004
3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Site Characrerization Work Plan, Buildings 2762 A 4321, August 2 004- April
Os
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
Sampling And Anal usis Planjfor Site Characterization, Buildings 2762 A 371, 2004F4640D85602 6. AUTHOR(S) Jennifer Kindred, Mark Wilitinson,, Ii Frain, ChemytI Coi n.md ode Pang
7. PERFZORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) £4 Engitieering, Science and Tech.. Inc
8. PERFORMING ORGANiZATION REPORT NUMBER
3544 International Street Fairbanks, AK 99701
/AI
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
10. SPONSORINGIMON!TORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence HQ AFCEFJEPD -AK (Mr. Deven Dalcher) 10471 20"' STE3IZ Elm endorf Air Force Base, AK 99506-4402
N/A
I 1. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT HQ AFCEE/ERD, Brooks Air Force Bose (AFB). TX
12b. DISTRIRBJTION CODE
354 CES/CEVR. Eielson Air Force Base (AFB). AK State ofAlaska Department of Environmenial Conservation (ADEC). Fairbanks, AK United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region JO.Seattle, WVA 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 word) Sampling and Analysis Plan (SA F) for Site Characterization, Buildings 2762 A 3 7) 14. SUBJECTrTERMS
IS. NUMBER OF PAGES
-Eie/son Air Force Base-Site Characterization * Building 2762 Former Carpenter Shop * Building 371 Former Boat Shop 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified
16. PRICE CODE
18. SECURITY
19. SECURITY-
CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Unclassified
CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT Unclassified
20. LIMITATION OFABSTRACT
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: 0 Contents, Page I of I August 2004
BA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES LIST OF ACRONYMS
Pg
1. INTRODUCTION......................... 1.1
PURPOSEANDSCOPE......................................
2. BACKGROUND.........................2 2.1
SITE SETTING........................2 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3
Eielson Air Force Base...................2 Geology........................................................................... 2 Hydrogeology.................................................................... 2 2.1.3.1 Physical Hydrogeology................................................
2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION......................4 2.2.1 2.2.2
Building 2762 .................................................................... 4 Building 371...................................................................... 5
2.3 CONSTITUENTS OF CONCERN.................5 2.4 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS................... 2.4.1 2.4.2
Building 2762 .................................................................... Building37l ..................................................................... 6
3. FIELD SAMPLING PLAN.....................7 3.1 3.2
TECHNICAL APPROACH....................7 FIELD ACTIVITIES......................7 3.2.1
Subsurface Soil Borings and Temporary Monitoring Points ................ 8 3.2. 1.1 Soil Sampling................................................................S 3.2.1.2 Groundwater Sampling .................................................... 9
3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5
Soil Gas Sampling and Field Analysis .......................................... 1I0 Test Pit Excavations......................0 GPS Surveying .................................................................... 1 Field Activities Summary ........................................................ 12
United States Air Force Eieison Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I Contents, Page 2 of 2 EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.Aust20
Pame
3.3 3.4 3.5 a.6 .3.7
FIELD SAMPLING LOGBOOKS.................1 2 PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION ............................................. 12 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION................13 INVESTIGATION-DERIVED WASTE HANDLING ............................... 13 LABORATORY ANALYSIS........................................................... 14 3.7.1 3.7.2
Quality Control Requirements ......................................... :.........14 Sample Analysis Summary...................................................... 15
3.8 SAMPLE LABELING ................................................................... 17 3.9 REPORTING.............................................................................. 18 4.
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN .................
11111---11 ................. 19
4.1 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY ................. 4.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES ...........................................
1...........I9 . 19
4.2. 1 Precision, Accuracy, Representativeness, Completeness, and Comparability (PARCC) ........................................................................... 20 4.2.2 Method Detections Limits, Reporting Limits and Instmumentation Calibration Requirements ...................................................................... 20 4.2.3 Proposed Variance to the AFCEE Version 3. 1, August 2001, QAPP ........ 21 4.3 SAMPLING PROCEDURES............................................................ 22 4.3.1 4.3.2
Sample Containers, Volumes, Container Types, and Preservation Requirements ...................................................................... 22 Sample Handling and Custody...............................................2
4.4 CALIBRATION OF FIELD EQUIPMENT............................................ 24 4.5 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ...................................................... 25 4.6 CORRECTIVE ACTION................................................................ 25 5. SCHEDULE....................................................................................
26
6. REFERENCES ................................................................................
27
APPENDIX A: STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE SOIL SAMPLING APPENDIX B: RESPONSE TO COMMENTS
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
ale
n
iugustAito
2004I f
LIST OF TABLES Number
Title I
~~~Field Activities Summary
2
Sample Analysis Summary
3
Reporting Schedule
4
Precision and Accuracy Requirements
5
Reporting Limits
6
Requirements for Containers, Preservation Techniques, Sample Volumes, and Holding Times
7
Summary of Calibration and QC Procedures for Screening Methods
LIST OF FIGURES Number I
Title ~~~Eielson AEB and Site Locations, Eielson AFB, Alaska.
2
Building 2762, Former Carpenter Shop Site Characterization Layout, Eielson AFB, Alaska.
3
Building 371, Former Boat Shop Site Characterization Layout, Bielson AFB, Alaska.
4
Building 2762, Former Carpenter Shop Site Characterization Layout, Proposed Sample Locations. Eielson AFB, Alaska.
5
Building 371, Former Boat Shop Site Characterization Layout, Proposed Sample Locations. Eielson AFB, Alaska.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site ~Character~ization Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA Engineering, Science. and Technology, Inc.
Project No.: 2970020 Revision: I List of Acronyms, Page 1 of' 2 August 2004
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AAC ADEC AFI3 AFCEE ANSI AST ASTM AWWA
Alaska Administrative Code Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Air Force Base Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence American National Standards Institute Aboveground Storage Tank American Society for Testing and Materials American Water Works Association
bgs BTEX
below ground surface Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes
CCC 0C
Chain of Custody ~~degrees Centigrade
DI DO DP DRO
De-Ionized Dissolved Oxygen Direct Push Diesel-Range Organics
EA EC EPA
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc. Electrical Conductivity Environmental Protection Agency
FID FSP II
Flame Ionization Detector Field Sampling Plan feet
gal GPS GRO
gallon Global Positioning System Gasoline-Range Organics
IDW
Investigative-Derived Waste
km
kilometer
LNAPL
Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid
MDL [ig/L ~ ptg/kg mg/kg
Method Detection Limit microgram per Liter microgram per kilogram milligram per kilogram
United States Air Force Fielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I BA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
mm MS/MSD MTBE mV
millimeter Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate Sample Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether millivolt
NTU
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
OIT ORP
Organic Incineration Technology, Inc. Oxidation-Reduction Potential
Cotnsaugus 2004
PAH PARCC PDOP PPE PID POL ppm %R 0/%RPD PQL
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Precision, Accuracy, Respresentativeniess, Completeness, and Comparability Position Dilution of Precision Personal Protective Equipment Photoionization Detector Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricant parts per million Percent Recovery Relative Percent Difference Practicable Quantitationn Limit
QAPP QA QC
Quality Assurance Project Plan Quality Assurance Quality Control
RCRA RL RRO RV
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Reporting Limits Residual Range Organics Recreational Vehicle
SAP SOP SVOC
Sampling and Analysis Plan Standard Operating Procedure Semnivolatile Organic Compound
TCLP USAF USCS
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure United States Air Force Unified Soil Classification System Volatile Organic Compound
pVOC
WGS
World Geodetic System
United States Air Force Elelson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
S t ~a a t rz to Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Project No.: 2970020 Revision: I SAP, Page I of 27 Auut204
1. INTRODUCTION This Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) has been prepared for Eielson Air Force Base (AFB), Alaska under Contract No. F41624-03-D-8596-0020. The SAP consists of a Field Sampling Plan (FSP) and a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). Soil and groundwater samples will be collected as part of site characterization activities near Building 2762 [6214] (Former Carpenter Shop) and Building 371 [423 1] (Former Boat Shop) in order to delineate the nature and extent of contamination at the sites. Eielson AFB and the site locations are presented in Figure 1. 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE The sampling efforts described in this plan consist of sampling potentially contaminated soil and groundwater associated with past activities at these sites, including a former aboveground storage tank (AST) at Building 371. The purpose of the site characterization is to: *Develop a conceptual site model to aid in identifying exposure pathways at the sites by which populations may be exposed to contaminants; *Collect sufficient information to prepare a comprehensive Site Characterization Summary Report that will assist the United States Air Force (USAF) in determining if future remedial actions at the sites are required. The scope of the field work includes: *
Install, develop, sample, and decommission temporary groundwater monitoring points.
*
Conduct subsurface soil sampling.
*
Install, field analyze, and decommission soil gas monitoring points within the area of highest soil contamination at the Building 371 site. *Remove up to 20 cubic yards of contaminated soil from the Building 2762 location and up to 5 cubic yards of contaminated soil from the Building 371 location and transport to an off-site incineration unit for thermal remediation.
Site-specific information regarding the sampling locations, number of samples, and schedule is discussed in this plan. Exact number and locations of samples will be subject to change based on site conditions.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Revision: I SAP, Page 2 of 27 August 2004
2. BACKGROUND 2.1 SITE SETTING 2.1.1 Eielson Air Force Base Eielson AFB is an active military installation that has been used for military operations since its establishment in 1944. The mission of Eielson AFB is to train and equip personnel for close air support of ground troops in an arctic environment. Eielson AFB operations include industrial areas, aircraft maintenance and operations, an active runway and associated facilities, administrative offices, and residential and recreational facilities. Eielson AFB provides hous'ing for resident military personnel and their dependents, and employment and services for civilians from the surrounding area. (USAF, 2003) The developed portion of Eielson AFB is located on the floodplain of the Tanana River, approximately 40 kilometers (kin) southeast of Fairbanks, Alaska. The eastern portion of the Base is an area of steeper slopes located in the Yukon-Tanana uplands. (USAF, 2003) 2.1.2 Geology The geology of Eielson AFB is known from published geological maps of the surrounding regions. Bedrock units consisting of Precambrian- and Paleozoic-aged pelitic schists, micaceous quartzites, subordinate phyllites, and marble are exposed in the hills northeast of the Base. These units have been locally intruded by a series of Cretaceous- to lower Tertiary-aged granodiorite to quartz monzanitie intrusions. Precious metal deposits related to these intrusions are present near Eielson AFB and elsewhere in the Fairbanks region. The headwaters of both French and Moose Creeks are underlain by a Tertiary-age granodiorite of the Eielson Pluton (Weber et al., 1978). During the Quatemnary period, alluvial fans built up along the southern margin of the Tanana River Valley by rapid uplift of the Alaska Range and glacial advances and retreats. Aggradation of the river plain built up a 200 to 300 feet (if) thick, layered sequence of unconsolidated silts, sands, and gravels. Glacial outwash plains at the base of the Alaska Range are the source of the wind-blown silts transported northward and deposited as loess mantles along the crystalline uplands. Silt also accumulates at lower elevations, along with plant debris, in organic muck deposits. Numerous small faults are mapped in the pre-Tertiary metamorphic units. Larger regional faults border the major petrologic units within the bedrock and probably extend under the Tanana floodplain deposits (Beikinan, 1980).
2.1.3
Hydrogeology
United States Air Force p
~~Ejelson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization
Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Revision:I SAP, Page 3 of 27 A-----200
The developed portion of Eielson AFB is located on the Tanana River floodplain, and is underlain by approximately 200 to 300 fit of unconsolidated fluvial and glaciofluvial deposits. These sediments are composed primarily of sand, gravel, and cobbles with lesser amounts of silt and clay. The floodplain sediments overlie crystalline bedrock associated with the Birch Creek Schist formation. Surface water bodies near Eielson AFB include rivers, creeks, sloughs, lakes, ponds, and wetlands. Surface drainage at Eielson AFB is generally north-northwest, parallel to the Tanana River. Several small sloughs or creeks pass through the Base and discharge into the Tanana River. Moose Creek is the main receiving stream for the small, local drainages. Both French Creek, along the eastern edge of the Base, and Piledriver Slough, along the western edge, discharge into Moose Creek just above its confluence with the Tanana River. Garrison Slough also discharges into Moose Creek. Garrison Slough passes directly through the developed portion of the Base and consists primarily of engineered drainage channels. Prior to 1979, effluent from the Base sewage treatment plant was discharged into Garrison Slough. 2.1.3.1 Physical Hydrogeology Results of previous studies that were used to characterize physical properties of the aquifers at Eielson AFB are presented in the Sitewide Remedial Investigation Report [USAF, 1995]. The following general hydrogeologic information is presented to help demonstrate groundwater flow in the aquifers and contaminant transport at the source areas: *
Groundwater on the developed part of the Base occurs at depths of 6-10 ft below ground surface (bgs) in a water-table aquifer composed of layered sand and gravel sediments associated with the Tanana River floodplain aquifer. Groundwater generally flows northnorthwest, at a hydrologic gradient of 0.001-0.002 ft per fit, parallel with the downstream flow of the Tanana River. Local variations in groundwater flow directions occur on Eielson AFB near surface water bodies, pumping supply wells, and melting piles of stored snow that provide recharge water during breakup.
*
Groundwater in the upland portion of the Base occurs at depths of approximately 50-300 ft bgs, in a fractured bedrock aquifer. Bedrock aquifers in the Fairbanks vicinity generally have low hydraulic conductivities, and commonly contain metal concentrations (including iron, manganese, and arsenic) exceeding drinking water quality standards. The conceptual model of the bedrock aquifer proposes that groundwater flow and contaminant transport are controlled by heterogeneities in the bedrock, such as fractures.
*
Groundwater elevations in the alluvial aquifer are subject to regular seasonal fluctuations, with the highest elevations occurring during snow pack melting in April or May, and the lowest elevations in late fall. The yearly fluctuation magnitude ranges of 1.5 to 2.0 ft.
*
Surface water levels in Garrison Slough (relative to groundwater elevations) indicate the slough receives water from the aquifer along most of its length. One exception is a
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
ProjectNo.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 4 of 27 EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
August 2004
0.5 mile slough section located immediately downstream of the water treatment plant overflow pond, where the slough loses water to the aquifer. Excess water from the water supply wells is discharged into the pond behind the water treatment plant. 2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION The areas under investigation, Buildings 2762 and 3 71, are located in the central developed portion of Eielson AFB (Figure 1). EA personnel conducted site reconnaissance visits at both buildings in June 2004. The information obtained during the site reconnaissance visits are presented in the following sections. 2.2.1 Building 2762 Building 2762 (the Formier Carpenter Shop) is located along Industrial Aye, on Bielson AFB, Alaska. Currently, the site is occupied by the outdoor recreation facility (Figure 2). The site is comprised of one office building that houses administrative personnel for the recreation facility, a repair shop for recreational vehicles (RVs), and several smaller storage buildings for recreation equipment. The majority of the site is currently dedicated to storage of various snow machines, all-terrain vehicles, canoes, and RVs. The equipment is stored atop a crnshed gravel surface. One 300-gal unleaded gasoline AST and approximately 25, 5-gal fuel storage cans are housed in a plywood shelving unit along the southern boundary of the site. The repair shop building and most of the storage buildings have concrete floors. There are no floor drains in any of the buildings. The most likely source of contamination appears to be the unpaved area outside the repair shop bays, where water was washed from the bays. However, no soil staining was observed in this area.
* *
Adjacent to the site, along the northern boundary, is a vacant lot with several concrete ~~foundations. Approximately 300 ft south of the northern boundary is a warehouse building that ~~may have contained a painting operation. Due east of the site is a transfer/refuse station containing debris, including refrigerators, automobiles, and municipal/construction waste. Beyond the transfer station is a large RV storage lot. South of the site is a vacant, heavily wooded lot. The western boundary is marked by Industrial Ave and the base hazardous materials storage area. A subsurface utilidor is located along Industrial Aye, opposite of Building 2762 and runs approximately north-south.
United States Air Force Elelson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site
~Characterization
Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 BA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Revision: I SAP, Page 5 of 27 August 2004
2.2.2 Building 371 Building 371 (the Formner Boat Shop) is located at the intersection of Inner Loop and Quarry Road (Figure 3). The site is currently occupied by the Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricant (POL) Supply and Maintenance Squadron. The majority of the site lies atop compacted gravel with several poured concrete slabs that support various air cylinder storage racks and piping/valve assemblies. During any particular time, up to 4 or 5 mobile, trailer-mounted storage tanks (approximately 500 gal in size) are present onsite. The trailer-mounted tanks are used for transporting product from sources to the Eielson AFB Hazardous Materials Facility, and are cleaned prior to return to the POL facility. The shop building has concrete floors, with approximately 10 floor drains. The floor drains appear to connect into a septic system and are currently sealed. A storage shed located south of the shop building contained flammable liquids and solvents. An existing 1,000-gal AST used for product recovery is located on the north side of the property. The tank, that was empty and cleaned at the time of the site visit, has no secondary containment. The former 1,000 gal AST and associated fuel pump were located near the northwest corner of the facility (Figure 3). The pump was located approximately 25 ft to the northeast corner of the concrete pad. The fuel tank, which was located on a cement pad, was removed in 1997. Gasoline-range organics (GRO) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) were detected in soil samples collected near the fuel pump, at concentrations exceeding Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) Method One Level B cleanup levels (CCI, 2002). -
Adjacent to the site, along the north-northwest boundary, is an approximately 0.75 acre vacant field that houses a subsurface utilidor that runs north-south. Approximately 350 ft due east of Building 371 is Garrison Slough that meanders northwest to southeast across Eielson AFB3 before emptying into Moose Creek. The former boat shop is situated 1,000 fit down gradient (hydrologically) of Site SS37, an active light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) recovery site. 2.3 CONSTITUENTS OF CONCERN The constituents of concern associated with past activities at both of the sites include POL, methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), paint, solvents, and heavy metals (including mercury).
2.4 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS 2.4.1 Building 2762 No previous investigations have been performed at Building 2762. The site was brought to the attention of Eielson AFB3 due to the potential release of contamination while the facility operated as a carpenter shop. While no releases are known or have been reported, potential contamination sources include POL, paint, and solvents.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 E EA and Engineering, Tecimology Inc.
Revision: I
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~S Page 6 of 27
Science,
August 2004
2.4.2 Building 371 The following previous activities/investigations have been conducted at the site: *
1997-A 1,000 gal AST was removed from the site (Figure 3). An area near the former AST location was documented to have soil TPH concentrations above the ADEC Level B cleanup criteria.
*
September 2002-A soil gas survey and soil sampling were conducted by CCI, Inc. in the area of the former AST. A total of 18 soil-gas screening points were installed in a grid pattern to delineate the extent of contamination. Soils were screened using a photoionization detector (PID) and contaminated soils were excavated at a predetermined distance around the sampling points. Two rounds of field screening/excavations were conducted and a total of 130 cubic yards of soil were removed. A final round of confirmnation samples were collected from the bottom and sidewalls of the excavated areas and analyzed for GRO (Method AK]IOI), diesel-range organics (DRO)/residual..range organics (RRO)[Method AK]IO2/103], BTEX [EPA Method 802 IB1], and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)-metals analysis using EPA Method 131 1. Results indicated CR0 and BTEX concentrations above the ADEC Method Two cleanup levels. Further action was recommended at the site (CCI, 2002).
Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Caracteiztion
Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA and Engineering, Technolog Science, EA ngieerngScenc, ad Tchnloy, Inc.
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I ~~~SAP, Page 7 of 27 August.200
3. FIELD SAMPLING PLAN 3.1 TECHNICAL APPROACH
After evaluating the data collected during previous investigations, as well as historical information regarding Building 2762, it was determined that additional site characterization was required to accurately evaluate potential sources and extent of contamination at these two sites. To accomplish these goals, the collection of soil and groundwater samples is proposed.
The most recent site investigation at Building 3 71, conducted by CCI, Inc. in September 2002, indicated that GRO and BTEX are present in the soil at concentrations above the ADEC
Method 2 cleanup levels. Additional soil excavation was recommended to remove the areas of highest contamination. In addition, it was recommended that potential impacts to groundwater -also be assessed (CCI, 2002). The area of primary concern at this site is immediately east of the former AST location. The site investigation will characterize the area encompassed by the facility boundary as illustrated on Figure 3. No previous investigations have been conducted at Building 2762. It is suspected that contamination may exist in the area immediately outside of the shop bays, although no soil staining was observed during the site visit. A sampling approach, consisting of a grid and biased sampling network (sampling in areas of suspected or known contamination), will be implemented as site conditions warrant. The sampling grids consist of orthogonal lines with sampling points placed within each grid cell. The size of the grid and the interval between sampling points are dependent upon site characteristics and sampling objectives. BA proposes to install subsurface borings approximately 75 fit apart, unless site conditions warrant otherwise. In a biased sampling network, sample points are placed near the suspected source of contamination to locate 'hot spots" and fuirther delineate the extent of contamination. EA proposes collecting additional subsurface soil samples using a backhoe/loader in areas of suspected contamination, as necessary. 3.2 FIELD ACTIVITIES BA will collect soil and groundwater samples in the vicinity of Building 2762 and Building 371. In addition, soil gas samples will be collected in the area of Building 371, if necessary, to determine the potential feasibility of bioventing. Proposed soil and groundwater sample locations are provided in Figure 4 (Building 2762) and Figure 5 (Building 371). Soil gas sample locations are not included in the figures, and will be determined on-site, if required.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base--Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 EA Eng~ineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Revision: I SAP, Page 8 of 27 Au2'Jst 2004
3.2.1 Subsurface Soil Borings and Temporary Monitoring Points Subsurface soil borings will be advanced at each site for the purpose of collecting soil samples and installing temporary groundwater monitoring points. Up to 14 borings will be advanced at the Building 2762 site and up to IS will be advanced at the Building 371 site. The soil borings will be drilled using a truck-mnounted drill rig equipped with hollow stein augers. Each soil boring will be drilled to a total depth of approximately 4 ft into groundwater. At each~boring, 2 subsurface soil samples will be collected, one at approximately 3)ft bgs and one at the capillary fninge. In addition, a temporary groundwater monitoring point will be installed in selected borings and I groundwater sample will be collected. As discussed above, the sample locations will be set up using a grid system, with each sample located approximately 75 ft apart. The following sections describe the sampling procedures. 3.2.1.1 Soil Sampling Prior to mobilizing the drill crew, an underground utility locating service will be called to identify the locations of underground electrical lines, water lines, sewers, and other underground utilities. Subsurface soil samples will be collected using a 24-inch split spoon sampler, which will be advanced through the bottom of each boring during drilling. Each sample will be removed from the split spoon using a clean stainless steel spoon, and transferred directly into the appropriate sample container. The portion of each sample designated for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will be placed into the sample container first, and care will be taken to minimize the volume of headspace and disturbance of the sample. As discussed above, two soil samples will be collected from each boring. One sample will be collected at a depth of approximately 3-fl bgs and one will be collected from just above the water table (capillary fringe). All temporary monitoring points will be decommissioned after verifying laboratory analysis. The samples sent to the laboratory for VOC analysis will be selected based on the results of PID field screening. Field screening will be accomplished using a Photo Vace PID (or equivalent), as discussed in Section 4.3. A portion of the sample will be placed into a plastic ziplock bag and allowed to warm for approximately fifteen minutes. After the sample has warmed, the concentration of organic vapors in the headspace of the bag will be measured using the PID, and the results recorded. Soil samples selected for VOC, semnivolatile organic compound (SVOC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PA~s) analyses will be based on the highest headspace sample results. All soil samples designated for chemical analysis will be accompanied by appropriate chain-of-custody (COC) documentation, and placed into a cooler at 40 C immediately after collection. All soil samples will be described and recorded on the Boring Log Formn by the geologist overseeing the drilling operations. The log will include project name, borehole number, location, drill rig and sampler type, sample depth, sample number, and sample description. Samples will be described on the basis of their physical characteristics (i.e., texture) using the Unified Soil
United States Air Force
Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization
Sampling and Analysis PlanI.
Project No.: 29700.20 EA and Engineering,
Science,
EA ngieeing Scene, ndTechnology, Inc.
Revision: I ~~~~~~~~~SAP, Page 9 of 27 Augus 2004
Classification System (USCS). Refer to the Soil Sampling Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in Appendix A for detailed soil sampling procedures. 3.2.1.2 Groundwater Sampling After soil samples are collected, selected boreholes will then be converted to temporary groundwater monitoring points as shown in Figures 4 and 5. In addition to the selected temporary groundwater monitoring point locations, additional temporary groundwater monitoring points will be installed within soil borings having headspace sample results exceeding 200 parts per million (ppm). (Refer to Section 3.2.3 for details on soil gas sampling.) The temporary groundwater monitoring point installation and decommissioning procedures will conform to the ADEC Recommended Practices for Monitoring Well Design, Installation, and Decommissioning, and the American National Standards Institute/American Water Works Association (ANSI/AWWA) Standard A 100-97, Appendix H, per the ADEC Regulation I18AAC8O.01 5 "Well Protection, Source Water Protection, and Well Decommissioning". Upon request of the ADEC, all groundwater samples will be collected using peristaltic pumps and low-flow procedures to reduce turbidity during sample collection. Low-flow purging is recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to reduce the loss of volatiles that may occur during conventional high-rate purging of 3 casing volumes of groundwater. Low-flow purging also minimizes the production of purge water that must be stored and/or treated before disposal. The groundwater sample collection point will be 3 fi below the air/water inter-face. Before collecting groundwater samples, the sampler shall don clean, phthalate-free protective gloves. The low-flow method will be conducted using dedicated tubing attached to a peristaltic pump. The peristaltic pump can be operated so that it removes water from the well at approximately 0.5 liter per minute. The water-quality stabilization parameters: temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (BC), turbidity and dissolved oxygen (DO) shall be measured and recorded on the Purge Form during purging. When using low-flow methodology, the sample may be collected after the water quality parameters have stabilized (removal of three well volumes is not required). Stabilization shall be defined as follows: temperature ± 20 C, pH ± 0.2 units, BC ± 10 percent, turbidity • 10 percent with three consecutive readings below 50 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU), and DO ± 10 percent for successive readings. To confirm stabilization, three consecutive readings will be required where all parameters remain with the control limits. Samples to be analyzed for VOCs shall be collected first, followed by collection of the remaining samples in the following order: GRO, DROIRRO, SVOCs, including PAHs; metals; and
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA Engineening, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 10 of 27 August 2004
mercury. All groundwater samples sent to the laboratory for chemical analysis will be accompanied by appropriate COC documentation, and placed into a cooler at 40 C immediately after collection. After groundwater samples are collected and the analytical report received, the temporary well shall be properly abandoned, following the procedures outlined in the ADEC regulation specified above (Il8Alaska Administrative Code [AAC]80.015). Decontamination of the drilling equipment and any non-dedicated sampling equipment shall be completed before moving to the next sampling location. All drill cuttings, development water, and other investigative-derived waste (IDW) will be contained on-site in 55-gal drums awaiting laboratory analytical results. Refer to Section 3.6 for details regarding IDW disposal. 3.2.2 Soil Gas Sampling and Field Analysis Soil gas samples will be collected at up to five locations in the vicinity of Building 371 and analyzed in the field using a multi-gas meter. Analyses will include VOCs, as well as oxygen and carbon dioxide for bioventing feasibility. VOCs within the soil vapor will be measured using exposed-screen, direct push (DP) methodology. A stainless steel, six-inch slotted tenminal end (0.5 inch diameter) will be advanced to the appropriate depth via two-foot probe rods driven by a Milwaukee Rotaryhammerdrill (or equivalent). An impermeable gas seal will be applied to the atmospheric probe end, and Teflon®0 tape applied to any probe connections. A Gast (model DOA-P]I09-FB) diaphragm pump will be fitted to the probe and air will be purged from the DP rods. Once three volumes of air have been purged, a GasTech GTCO2 multi-gas meter will be attached to the tubing and the VOCs (total ppm), oxygen, and carbon dioxide readings within the substrate will be recorded in a field notebook. Following the soil vapor screening, the probe rods and terminal end will be withdrawn and decontaminated using a deionized water and methanol rinse. All IDW rinse water will be containerized until laboratory analyzed and disposed. 3.2.3 Test Pit Excavations Soil excavation may occur as part of this site characterization for the purpose of further delineating areas of contamination. Soils excavated will be segregated using field screening and headspace sampling procedures using a PID. Soils with field screening and headspace sample readings exceeding 100 ppm will be placed upon a 10 millimeters (mm) reinforced liner, covered using 10 mm non-reinforced liner, and treated as a temporary stockpile. Following confirmation laboratory analysis, soils exceeding ADEC Level B cleanup levels will be transported and treated at Organic Incineration Technology, Inc. (OJT). Soils exceeding Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) minimum standards will be disposed of via the Eielson AFB Hazardous Materials Facility.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
EAand EnTechnolo~~~y, g, Science, Inc. BAEgineeringScecadTcnlyn.
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: 1 SAP, Page 11I of 27 August 2004
At a minimum, EA will collect primary soil samples at the following frequency:
*
2 samples per the initial 50 cubic yards of excavated soils, then I per each additional 50 cubic yards
*
I sample per area of excavation/trench.
Up to five soil samples may be collected at each site for laboratory analysis. Soil samples to be submitted for analysis will be determined by the highest headspace sample readings. At a minimum one headspace sample will be collected per 10 cubic yards of excavated soil. Excavation area/trench headspace samples will be collected from all excavation limits. The location of each test pit shall be coordinated in writing with Eielson AFB3 before digging begins. EA shall follow Occupational Safety and Health Administration rules for excavation and confined space entry, as necessary. Non-hazardous excavated material shall be backfilled immediately after the required information has been recorded. The first soils out shall be the last in when filling the pit. No test pit shall be left open overnight unless adequate safety precautions are employed. EA will utilize Mullins Pit located on Eielson AEB3 for any required backfill material. The following shall be recorded for each test pit: (1) the total depth, length, and width, (2) the depth and thickness of distinct soil or lithologic units, (3) a lithologic description of each unit, and (4) a description of any man-made materials or apparent contamination encountered. Detailed sample collection procedures are provided in the Soil Sampling SOP in Appendix A. 3.2.4 Global Positioning System (GPS) Surveying All field sampling locations will be recorded in the field logbook using a Trimble Pro XRS GPS unit (or equivalent). Coordinate data accuracy is dependent upon the number of satellites the GPS unit is collecting data from. The standard number of satellites required to collect precise (sub-meter) data is 4, but can range upwards to 9 or more satellites. The Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) is a measure of the signal clarity received by the OPS unit from orbiting satellites. On average, a PDOP of 0-2.5 is acceptable when collecting data. However, if the PDOP is above 6.0, data should not be collected. PDOP is typically affected by weather conditions, haze, or other environmental factors. If such conditions exist during the survey, data collection should be continued when the PDOP returns to below a reading of 6.0, and minimally 4 satellite coverage. An XY-coordinate system shall be used to identify locations. The X coordinate will be the EastWest axis; the Y coordinate will be the North-South axis. The reference location is the origin. All surveyed locations shall be reported using the World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984, Zone 6N coordinate system. The surveyed control information for all data collection points shall be recorded and displayed in a table. The X and Y coordinates shall be reported to no more than one decimal place.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 12 of 27 Auut2004
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
3.2.5 Field Activities Summary
The field sampling activities discussed above are summarized in the following table. The actual number of field samples collected will be determined by site conditions. The number of samples indicated in the table represents the minimum number of samples that will be collected. Soil test pits will be excavated and sampled as necessary. Sample quantities do not include duplicates, matrix spike/matrix spike duplicate sample (MS/MSD), trip blanks, or ambient blanks. Table I: Field Activities Summary Site Building 2762
Building 371
Noe:I
Eotcs
=Number
Activity
No. of Samples'
14 Install Subsurface Soil Borings 2 Collect Subsurface Soil Samples 7 Install, Develop, Sample, and Decommission Temporary Groundwater Monitoring Points Excavate Soil Test Pits and Collect Soil Samples5 U o2 ui ad Ex-cavate and Transport Contaminated Soil From Test Pits is8 Install Subsurface Soil Borings 36 Collect Subsurface Soil Samples Install, Develop, Sample, and Decommission Temporary Groundwvater 9 Monitoring Points 5 FExca~vate Soil Test Pits and Collect Soil Samples 5 Instal Soil Gas Points and Collect Soil Gas Field Samples Up to 5 cubic yards Excavate and Transport Contaminated Soil From Test Pits of samples to be determined by field conditions. This number represents the minimum number of samples
~to be collected.
3.3 FIELD SAMPLING LOGROOKS All information pertinent to field efforts will be recorded in a bound logbook. Each page will be consecutively numbered, dated, and signed. All entries will be made in indelible ink and all corrections will consist of line-out deletions that are initialed and dated. There should be no blank lines on a page. A single blank line or a partial blank line (such as at the end of a paragraph) should be lined to the end of the page. If only pant of a page is used, the remainder of the page should have an "X" drawn across it. 3.4 PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION Photographs will be taken daily with a digital camera and digitally archived. Photographs will be taken of site features, field activities, and sample locations. Each photograph will have a corresponding notation in the log documenting: * * * *
Location, time, and date of each photograph. Brief description of the subject. View direction. Sequential disk number and photograph number.
Photography must be coordinated through the facility Point-of-Contact. United States Air Force
Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization
Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA Engineering, Science, and Techniology, Inc.
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 13 of 27 Augs 2004
3.5 EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION All equipment that may directly or indirectly contact samples shall be decontaminated in a designated area prior to collecting samples. This includes casing, drill bits, auger flights, the portions of drill rigs that stand above boreholes, sampling devices, and instruments, such as slugs and sounders. In addition, care will taken to prevent the sample from coming into contact with potentially contaminating substances, such as tape, oil, engine exhaust, corroded surfaces, and dirt. The following procedure shall be used to decontaminate large pieces of equipment, such as casings, auger flights, pipe and rods, and those portions of the drill rig that may stand directly over a boring or well location, or that come into contact with casing, auger flights, pipe, or rods. The external surfaces of equipment shall be washed with high-pressure hot water and Alconox, or equivalent laboratory-grade detergent, and if necessary, scrubbed until allivisible dirt, grime, grease, oil, loose paint, rust flakes, etc., have been removed. The equipment shall then be rinsed with potable water. The inside surfaces of casing, drill rod, and auger flights shall also be washed as described. The following procedure shall be used to decontaminate sampling and drilling devices, such as split spoons, bailers, and augers that can be hand-manipulated. For sampling and smaller drilling devices, scrub the equipment with a solution of potable water and Alconox, or equivalent laboratory-grade detergent. Then rinse the equipment with copious quantities of potable water followed by DI water. (If equipment has come in contact with oil or grease, the equipment will be rinsed with pesticide-grade methanol followed by with pesticide-grade hexane.) Air dry the equipment on a clean surface or rack, such as Teflon®0, stainless steel, or oil-free aluminum elevated at least two ft above ground. If the sampling device will not be used immediately after being decontaminated, it will be wrapped in oil-free aluminum foil, or placed it in a closed stainless steel, glass, or Teflon®0 container. Methanol and hexane shall be purchased, stored, and dispensed only in glass, stainless steel, or Teflona containers. These containers shall have Teflona caps or cap liners. If any question of purity exists, new materials shall be used. 3.6 INVESTIGATION-DERIVED WASTE HANDLING EA will be responsible for handling and disposal of all IDW in accordance with applicable state and federal regulations. POL and other wastes exceeding ADEC Level B cleanup levels will be transported and treated at the off-site incineration unit managed by OLT in the nearby community of Moose Creek. Wastes exceeding RCRA minimum standards will be disposed of via the Eielson AFB Hazardous Materials Facility. IDW shall be properly containerized and temporarily stored at each site, prior to transportation. Depending on the constituents of concern, fencing or other special marking may be required. United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 14 of 27 A__,ugust 2004
The number of containers will be estimated on an as-needed basis. Acceptable containers shall be sealed, U.S. Department of Transportation-approved steel 55-gallon dmums or small dumping bins with lids. The containers shall be transported in such a manner to prevent spillage or particulate loss to the atmosphere. To facilitate handling, the containers shall be no more than half fill when moved. The IDW shall be segregated at the site according to matrix (solid or liquid) and as to how it was derived (drill cuttings, drilling fluid, decontamination fluids, and purged groundwater). Each container shall be properly labeled with site identification, sampling point, depth, matrix, constituents of concern, and other pertinent information for handling. 3.7 LABORATORY ANALYSIS
All soil and groundwater samples will be submitted for laboratory analysis. Soil and groundwater samples will be collected and analyzed for the following constituents: *Diesel-range org-anics/residual-range organics (DRO/RRO)-AK Method 102/103. *Gasoline range organics (GROfr-AK Method IO01. *Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX)-EPA Method 8021B. In addition, a percentage of the total samples will also be analyzed for the following: *Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)--EPA Method 8260B. *Semnivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs)-EPA Method 8270C. *Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAI-s)-EPA Method 8270 SIM. *RCRA metals-EPA Method 6020. *Mercury-EPA Method 7470A (Water) and EPA Method 7471 A (Soil). One hundred percent of the samples will be analyzed for DRO, GRO, and BTEX. Approximately 10 percent of the total samples will be analyzed for VOCs, SVOCs, and PAl-s and 50 percent of the samples will be analyzed for RCRA metals and mercury. Analytica] testing will be performed by Laucks Analytical in Seattle, Washington. Analysis will be performed to meet the requirements of the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE) QAPP standards, according to the (QA) Assurance Program for the Laboratory. 3.7.1 Quality Control Requirements Quality Control (QC) will involve the collection of field sample duplicates and blanks, laboratory analysis of the samples, and evaluation of the data. Internal QC checks that will be implemented to ensure that all data generated is of known quality as follows: *At least one duplicate sample of each sample parameter will be collected for each 10 field samples collected (10 percent).
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
Project No.: 29700.20 Revision: I SAP, Page 15 of 27 August. 2004n
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.
At least one per 20 (5 percent) of the total number of field samples collected will be
designated as a matrix spike (MS) and a matrix spike duplicate sample (MSD). *
An ambient blank will be collected at a ratio of]I blank per 20 field samples and analyzed for VOCs, DRO, GRO, and BTEX.
*
A trip blank will be included with all sample shipments to be analyzed for VOCs, DRO, GRO, and BTEX.
a
Equipment blanks will be collected daily to evaluate decontamination methods, when non-dedicated sampling equipment is used. All constituents will be analyzed.
*
Laboratory QC samples will be analyzed per method requirements.
3.7.2 Sample Analysis Summary The following table summarizes the sample analyses planned for the sites. The table presents the total number of samples for both sites combined. The number of field samples is a minimum, excluding sampling for test pit excavations. The number of equipment blank samples is an estimate. The actual number of equipment blanks collected will be once per day to evaluate decontamination methods.
United States Air Force Eielson Air Force Base-Buildings 2762 and 371
Site Characterization Sampling and Analysis Plan
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