The Ramadan Pocket Guide 2015 / 1436
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Assalaamu Alaikum You Give, We Serve.
As the month of abundant blessings, mercy and peace arrives, we are honoured once again to present to you our cherished Ramadan Pocket Guide. There are many things a Muslim can do to make the most of this blessed month. From improving one’s spirituality, performing extra prayers and giving charity, let’s remember that our beloved Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was the most generous during Ramadan and advised us that the best Zakat and Sadaqah is given in this month.
“Whoever does something good in this month, Allah (swt) multiplies it by 70.” (Tirmidhi) Because of your generous support we are able to serve millions of those in need around the world. A simple expression - You Give, We Serve, means more than a single donation. It means change and progress for the poorest communities. It means access to healthcare, education, a livelihood and emergency aid. We’ve listened to what you really need in order to fulfil this month spiritually and physically – so we’ve refreshed the guide to include different duas, recommended foods to eat from the Sunnah and a guide to some of the virtues of the Qur’an.
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Design: OneTogether.co.uk
We feel blessed to assist you on your spiritual journey. A simple thank you for your kind donations is not enough and we hope you accept our pocket guide as a small token of our appreciation for your continued support over the years. May you have a peaceful and fulfilling month. Wassalaamu Alaikum and Ramadan Mubarak, Muslim Aid Team.
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The Wisdom of Fasting As one of the five pillars of Islam, fasting is prescribed by Allah (swt) during this month as an act of worship for Him (swt). Fasting has a holistic influence on our physical and mental state that offers us health and spiritual benefits.
“Oh you who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that you may learn piety and righteousness.” (Qur’an 2:183) The Pearls of Fasting • It helps us to connect closer to Allah (swt). By abstaining from physical desires, food and water we develop a state of taqwa – consciousness of Allah (swt). This provides the faithful an opportunity to form a strong link to Him (swt) and to reflect and re-assess our spiritual growth.
Contents The Wisdom of Fasting Duas and Everyday Essentials The Month of Qur’an Pearls from the Qur’an The Month of Giving The Sunnah of Eating Foods from the Sunnah Supplications from the Qur’an Supplications from the Qur’an Sayyid al-Istighfar Dua for forgiveness Focus in Salaat (Khushoo’) 99 names of Allah (swt) Religious dues Zakat calculator Post Ramadan Goals You Give, We Serve A Thank You to everyone...
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• It is meant as a way to cleanse your body from harmful impurities and revitalise your soul by teaching self-control and self-discipline • Fasting encourages us to think about those less fortunate than us. When we feel the pangs of hunger we remember the poor who are unable to afford a meal. This helps us to sympathise, thus encouraging acts of generosity and compulsory charity (Zakat). • A person who fasts will have his past sins forgiven. Allah (swt) says, “Every (sinful) deed can be expiated; and the fast is for Me, so I will give the reward for it; and the smell which comes out of the mouth of a fasting person, is better in Allah’s Sight than the smell of musk.” (Bukhari) • The Prophet (pbuh): said: “There are three people whose supplications are not rejected: the fasting person when he breaks the fast, the just ruler and the supplication of the oppressed.” (Tirmidhi)
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Duas and Everyday Essentials In this blessed month remember to pray for your needs, those of your family and friends, the Ummah and for all humanity.
Intention for beginning the fast
Recommended to read the night before the fast
“Wa bisawmi ghadin nawaytu min shahri ramadaan.” “I intend to keep the fast tomorrow in the month of Ramadan.”
Dua for breaking the fast
“Allahumma laka sumtu wa bika aamantu wa ‘alayka tawakkaltu wa ‘alaa rizqika aftartu.” “O Allah! I fasted for You and I believe in You and I put my trust in You and I break my fast with Your sustenance.”
Recommended dua for Ramadan
“Allahumma innaka ‘afuwwun kareemun tuhibbul ‘afwa fa’fu ‘annee.” “O Allah, You are the best forgiver. You love forgiveness, so forgive me.” (Tirmidhi)
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you give, we serve.
The Month of Qur’an Ramadan is the month in which the Qur’an was revealed, so what better time to reconnect ourselves to Allah (swt) through it.
“And this is a blessed Scripture which We have revealed. So follow it and ward off (evil), that ye may find mercy” (Qur’an 6:155) We must endeavour to recite the Qur’an often, act upon its guidance and show it proper etiquette and reverence. Indeed,He (swt) has said:
“Whosoever exalts the signs of Allah, that is indeed from the piety of hearts.” (Qur’an 22:32) Some Merits of Reading the Qur’an
Some Etiquettes of Reading the Qur’an (Taken from Imam an-Nawawi’s Al Tibyan fi Adab Hamalat al Qur’an)
The Prophet (pbuh) said: “The best amongst you is the one who learns the Qur’an and teaches it.” (Bukhari).
Make wudhu to be in a state of ritual purity.
The Qur’an will intercede for its readers on the day of resurrection (Muslim).
Wear clean clothes.
Each letter read from the Qur’an is rewarded with a good deed, and each good deed is rewarded tenfold (Tirmidhi).
Begin with a sincere intention, seeking Allah’s (swt) pleasure and not for worldly gain.
Reading Qur’an is a form of remembrance of Allah (swt), of which we are told: “Verily, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest!” (Qur’an 13:28)
Sit calmly, avoiding unnecessary movement and face the qibla.
Complete the Qur’an in a month*
*Based upon a 604 page copy of the Qur’an.
4.5 pages after each prayer = 1 completion of the Qur’an in 27 days
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Pearls from the Qur’an There are 114 Surahs in the Qur’an, each with their own wonderful virtues. Here are just a few we have picked for you to recite in order to help you gain extra benefit and reward. Surah Al Baqarah and Surah Ali Imran The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Read the two radiant ones Al Baqarah and Ali Imran for they will come on the Day of Resurrection like two clouds, or two shades, or two flocks of birds, pleading for their companions.” (Muslim)
Surah Ya-Sin The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Everything has a heart and the heart of the Qur’an is Ya-Sin. Anyone who reads it, God will write down for him ten readings of the Qur’an.” (Tirmidhi)
Surah Ad Dukhan The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Whosoever recites Surah Ad-Dhukhan every night, seventy thousand angels will ask forgiveness for him.” (Tirmidhi)
Surah Al ‘Adiyat The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Whoever recites Al ‘Adiyat his regard equals one half of the Qur’an.” (Tirmidhi)
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Surah Al Kafirun The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Recite Surah Al Kafirun and then go to sleep after coming to its end, for it is a clearance from shirk.” (Abu Dawud)
Surah An-Nasr Anas (radiAllahu anhu) reported that the Prophet (pbuh) said: “It is equivalent to a fourth of the Qur’an.” (Tirmidhi)
Surah Al Ikhlas Anas (ra) mentioned that a man said to the Prophet (pbuh): “I really love this surah.” The Prophet (pbuh) replied: “And your love for it will enable you to enter paradise.” (Tirmidhi)
Surah An Naas and Surah Al Falaq A’isha (ra) reported that whenever the Prophet (pbuh) became sick, he would recite Surah Al Falaq and Surah An Naas and then blow his breath over his body. (Bukhari)
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The Month of Generosity Ramadan is a month of giving, and it was in this month that the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) would increase his acts of charity. Indeed, the Prophet (pbuh) said:
“The best charity is that given in Ramadan.” (Tirmidhi) In this month, when we try to control our physical needs and desires, it is Planting a others treeand share what Allah (swt) has blessed us important that we remember with. By giving, we can help others to meet their immediate needs and can also give them the freedom to build and determine their own futures.
Virtues of Giving • A man asked the Messenger of Allah (pbuh): “Which act in Islam is the best?’’ He (pbuh) replied: “To feed (the poor and the needy) and to greet those whom you know and those you do not know.” (Bukhari and Muslim) • Giving charity removes sins, as Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) said: “Charity extinguishes sin as water extinguishes fire.” (Tirmidhi) • The one who gives does not lose anything, but is recompensed with a great reward from Allah (swt). (see: Qur’an 57:7)
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• The Prophet (pbuh) said: “He who feeds a fasting person will gain the same reward as he will, without decreasing from the fasting person’s rewards.” (Ahmad) • A recurrent charity, or Sadaqah Jariyah, brings reward to the giver so long as their charity continues to help and benefit others. The few examples of Sadaqah Jariyah are: • Building a well • Educating a child • Building a Mosque • Planting a tree
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The Sunnah of Eating
Foods from the Sunnah
Eat with blessing and follow the Sunnah*
Our beloved Prophet (pbuh) frequently advised on the nutritional value of certain foods to help us nurture and heal our bodies. We’ve selected a few to guide you through healthy eating according to the Qur’an and the Sunnah. Bon appetit!
Etiquette of eating with others**
• Begin with the name of Allah (swt), • Allow elders and guests by saying: “Bismillah.” to begin eating first • Thank Allah (swt) for having provided and blessed you with the food • Eat with your right hand • Eat odd numbers of dates • Appreciate the bounty of food and eat with moderation • Avoid wastage and criticism of food • Eat with others and share food • Eat with a good intention. For instance, to nourish yourself so that you can serve Allah (swt)
• Avoid silence and hold good conversation • Do not wish to eat more than your companion • Eat in a way so that your companion does not need to encourage you to eat more • Avoid watching or observing your companions eating • Be courteous and avoid speech that may offend others eating with you
• Eat with the realisation that eating is not an end in itself, but rather a means of increasing your obedience to Allah (swt)
*Adapted from Imam an-Nawawi’s, Riyadhus Saliheen.
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Honey Allah (swt) says in the Qur’an about bees, “There comes forth from their bellies, a drink of varying colour wherein is healing for men. Verily, in this is indeed a sign for people who think.” (16:69) Pomegranate Mentioned three times in the Qur’an, pomegranate is thought to be effective against heart disease, high blood pressure and some cancers. Olives and Olive Oil Olives are mentioned six times in the Qur’an. The Prophet (pbuh) said: “Eat of its oil and use it (the olives), for indeed it is from a blessed tree.” (Tirmidhi)
Dates Mentioned more than 20 times in the Qur’an. Muslims generally break their fast by eating dates. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) once said: “if anyone of you is fasting, let him break his fast with dates; but if he cannot get any, then (he should break his fast) with water, for water is purifying.” (Abu Dawud) In addition to providing the body with its needed energy, dates also have high levels of potassium and increase the feeling of fullness after consumption. Vinegar Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) said: “The best of condiments or condiment is vinegar.” (Muslim)
Figs Allah (swt) swears by the fig in the Qur’an, and it is a fruit known for its health benefits, including aiding with digestion.
**Adapted from Imam Ghazali’s Al Ihya ‘Uloom ad-deen.
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Supplications from the Qur’an ِ َر َّب َن ا آ ِت َن ا ِف ي الدُّ ْن َي ا َح َس َن ًة َو ِف ي اب ال َّن ا ِر َ اآلخ َر ِة َح َس َن ًة َو ِق َن ا َع َذ
Rabbana aatina fid-dunya hasanah, wa fil aakhirati hasanah, wa qinaa adhaab an-naar.
“Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the torment of the Fire!” (Qur’an 2:201)
َ الص ال ِة َو ِم ن ُذ ِّر َّي ِت ي َر َّب َن ا َو َت َق َّب لْ ُد َع اء َّ يم َ َر ِّب ْاج َع ْل ِن ي ُم ِق
Rabbij’alni muqeemas-salaati wa min dhurriyyati, Rabbanaa wa taqabbal du’aa.
“O my Lord! Make me one who performs Salaat, and (also) from my offspring, our Lord! And accept my invocation.” (Qur’an 14:40)
ني َ َّر ِّب اغْ ِف ْر َو ْار َح ْم َو َأ َ الر ِاح ِم َّ نت خَ ْي ُر
“Verily your Lord is Generous and Shy. If His servant raises his hands to Him (in supplication) He becomes shy to return them empty.” (Tirmidhi)
Rabbighfir warham, wa anta Khayrur-Raahimeen.
“My Lord! Forgive and have mercy, for You are the Best of those who show mercy!” (Qur’an 23:118)
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Supplications from the Qur’an
Sayyid al-Istighfar Dua for forgiveness
َ ْ َر َّب َن ا َظ َل ْم َن ا َأن ُف َس َن ا َوإِن َّل ْم َت ْغ ِف ْر َل َن ا َو َت ْر َح ْم َن ا َل َن ُك و َن َّن ِم َن ِ ال ين َ اس ِر
Shaddad ibn Aws (ra) narrated that the Prophet (pbuh) said: “The most superior request for forgiveness is to say”:
Rabbana dhalamnaa anfusana wa illam taghfirlana wa tarhamna lakoonanna min al khaasireen.
“Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers.” (Qur’an 7:23)
ِ ْ ني َي ْو َم َي ُق و ُم اب ُ ال َس َ َر َّب َن ا اغْ ِف ْر ِل ي َو ِل َوا ِل َد َّي َو ِل ْل ُم ْؤ ِم ِن
Rabbanagh-fir wa li walidayya wa lilmu’mineena yawma yaqoomul-hisaab.
“Our Lord! Forgive me and my parents, and (all) the believers on the Day when the reckoning will be established.” (Qur’an 14:41)
َ نك َر ْح َم ًة ِإن َ َر َّب َن ا َال ت ُِزغْ ُق ُل و َب َن ا َب ْع َد إِذْ َه َد ْي َت َن ا َو َه ْب َل َن ا ِم ن َّل ُد اب َ َّك َأ ُ نت ا ْل َو َّه Rabbana laa tuzigh quloobana ba’da idh hadaytana wa hablana mil-ladunka rahmah innaka antal Wahhaab.
“Our Lord! Let not our hearts deviate (from the truth) after You have guided us, and grant us mercy from You. Truly, You are the Bestower.” (Qur’an 3:8)
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“Allahumma anta Rabbee laa ilaaha illaa ant. Khalaqtanee wa ana ‘abduka wa ana ‘alaa ‘ahdika wa wa’dika mastata’t. A’oodhu bika min sharri ma sana’t. Aboo-u laka bi ni’matika ‘alayya wa aboo-u laka bi dhambee, faghfirlee fa innahoo laa yaghfirudh-dhunooba illaa ant.” “O Allah, You are my Lord. There is no God besides You. You created me and I am Your servant, following Your covenant and (my) promise to You as much as I can. I seek refuge in You from the evil that I have done. Before You I acknowledge Your blessings bestowed upon me and I confess my sins to You. So forgive me, for surely no one can forgive sins except You.” The Prophet (pbuh) then added, “Anyone who says this during the day, firmly believing in it, and dies before the evening; or says it in the evening, firmly believing in it, and dies before the following morning, will be among the people of paradise.” (Bukhari) 17
Focus in Salaat (Khushoo’) In a month when we hope to draw closer to Allah (swt), increasing our concentration during prayer is particularly important. Have a look at these tips below to help you to elevate your concentration during your prayers.
Preparation
Prayer
• Focus whilst performing your wudhu and perform it with remembrance of Allah (swt)
• Come to prayer with a balance of love, fear and awe of Allah (swt) in your heart
• Avoid conversation during wudhu
• Come to prayer seeking the bounty and reward of Allah (swt)
• Wash each part of the body with the belief that you are purifying yourself before meeting Allah (swt)
• See it as a means of getting closer to your Creator
• Come to prayer with humility and with a belief that Allah (swt) will forgive you of your sins
• Learn the meanings of what you are saying, particularly Surah Al Fatiha
• Wear nice clothes and present yourself with the awareness that you will be standing before the Lord of all creation
• Perform each movement slowly and with calmness • Pray as if it is your last prayer
Awareness of the heart
Awareness of the mind
Awareness of the body
To remember intention and purpose
To stay alert and attentive to your actions
To avoid rushing and to perfect each movement
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Ash-Shakur The Rewarder of Thankfulness
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Al-Jalil The Mighty
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Al-Wudud The Loving One 54
Al-Qawwiy The Possessor of All Strength
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Al-Ghafur The Forgiver & Hider of Faults
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Al-’Azim The Magnificent
Al-Khabir The All Aware
Al-Latif The Subtle One
Al-Hasib The Accounter
Al-Muqit The Nourisher
Al-Hafiz The Preserver
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Al-Mujib The Responder of Prayer
Ar-Raqib The Watchful One
Al-Karim The Generous
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Al-Wakil The Trustee
Al-Wasi’ The All Comprehending 52
Al-Haqq The Truth
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Al-Mu’id The Restorer
Al-Mubdi The Originator
Al-Muhsi The Appraiser
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Al-Wajid The Finder
Al-Qayyum The Self Existing One
Ash-Shahid The Witness
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Al-Hamid The Praised One 63
Al-Hayy The Ever Living One
Al-Kabir The Greatest
Al-Ba’ith The Resurrector
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Al-Waliyy The Governor
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Al-Mumit The Taker of Life
The Prophet (pbuh) said: “To Allah belongs 99 names, 100 minus 1, anyone who memorises them will enter Paradise; He (Allah) is odd (odd number, He is the Only One), and He loves odd numbers.” (Muslim) 06
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Al-Hakim The Perfectly Wise
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99 names of Allah (swt)
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Al-Halim The Forbearing
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Al-Majid The Glorious
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Al-’Aliyy The Highest
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As-Salam The Source of Peace 12
Al-Khaliq The Creator
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Al-Majid The Majestic One
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Al-Mateen The Forceful One 61
Al-Muhyi The Giver of Life
Ar-Razzaq The Sustainer
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Al-Quddus The Pure One
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Al-Malik The Absolute Ruler
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Ar-Rahim The All Merciful
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Al-Mutakabbir The Greatest
Al-Jabbar The Compellor
Al-’Aziz The Victorious
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Al-Wahhab The Giver of All
Al-Khafid The Abaser
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Al-’Adl The Just
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Ar-Rafi’ The Exalter
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Al-Hakam The Judge
Al-Qahhar The Subduer
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Al-Ghaffar The Forgiving
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Al-Basit The Reliever
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Al-Qabid The Constrictor 27
Al-Basir The Seer of All
As-Sami’ The Hearer of All
Ar-Rahman The All Compassionate 08
Al-Muhaymin The Guardian
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Al-Musawwir The Shaper of Beauty 20
Al-’Alim The Knower of All
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Allah The Greatest Name 07
Al-Mu’min The Inspirer of Faith 13
Al-Bari’ The Maker of Order 19
Al-Fattah The Opener
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Al-Mudhill The Humiliator
Al-Mu’izz The Bestower of Honours
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Al-Muakkhir The Delayer
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Al-Muta’ali The Supreme One 84
Malik-al Mulk The Owner of All 90
Al-Mani’ The Preventer of Harm
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Al-Muqaddim The Expediter
Al-Muqtadir The Creator of All Power
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Al-Waliyy The Protecting Friend 83
Ar-Ra’uf The Clement
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Al-Mughni The Enricher
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Al-Batin The Hidden One 82
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Al-Qaadir The All Powerful
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As-Samad The Satisfier of All Needs
Al-Wahid The One, The All Inclusive, The Invisible
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Az-Zahir The Manifest One 81
Religious dues
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Al-Akhir The Last
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Al-Awwal The First
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Al-’Afuww The Forgiver
Al-Muntaqim The Avenger
At-Tawwab The Guide to Repentance
Al-Barr The Doer of Good
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Al-Ghani The Rich One
Al-Jami’ The Gatherer
Al-Muqsit The Equitable One
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Dhul-al Jalal waal-Ikram The Lord & Majesty & Bounty 91
Zakat ul Fitr, Zakat, Fidya & Kaffarah Zakat ul Fitr
Fidya
Zakat ul Fitr must be paid before the Eid prayer by each adult Muslim for themselves and each of their dependants. The amount this year is £5 per head.
Fidya is paid when three conditions are met:
Zakat What is Zakat? One of the five pillars of Islam, Zakat literally means ‘to cleanse’ or ‘purify’. Paying Zakat on your wealth purifies it and increases what remains. It also reminds us that our wealth belongs to Allah. Why pay it during Ramadan? Good deeds are multiplied 70 times this month, making it the perfect time to pay your Zakat. How much should I pay? Generally, if the amount of wealth you have owned for one year exceeds the Nisaab* then Zakat must be paid on that amount. For your silver possessions please refer to the silver Nisaab.*
Al-Baqi The Everlasting One
Al-Badi’ The Originator
Al-Hadi The Guide
An-Nur The Light
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As-Sabur The Patient One
An-Nafi’ The Creator of Good
Ad-Darr The Creator of the Harmful
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Ar-Rashid The Righteous Teacher
Al-Warith The Inheritor of All
For gold and monetary possessions, please refer to the gold Nisaab. For the gold and silver Nisaab, visit: muslimaid.org
1) They are unable to fast in Ramadan. 2) They are unable to make them up in the rest of the year (e.g. due to lifelong illness). 3) They do not expect to ever be able to make up the fasts. The one who pays Fidya does not have to make up the fast. Those who do not meet these conditions but have a valid reason can make up the fast after Ramadan.
Kaffarah Kaffarah must be paid by the person who deliberately misses or breaks a fast with no valid reason, who must also fast 60 days consecutively. If they are unable to do so, they should feed 60 poor people for every fast missed, at a rate of £5 per person. Need help or have a question regarding Zakat? Call Muslim Aid’s Zakat helpline this Ramadan.
Donate your Zakat NOW
020 7377 4200 muslimaid.org
*Nisaab: The amount of wealth a person must own for Zakat to become obligatory.
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Zakat calculator
Post Ramadan Goals Continue your spiritual growth after Ramadan with the following goals
Step 1: Work out what you own Cash in hand
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Cash in bank account(s)
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Value of gold (current market value)
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Value of silver (current market value)
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Amount given out in loans (where the debtor is able and willing to pay back the loan)
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Current value of shares
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Value of goods in stock for sale
£ Total Assets
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Step 2: Work out your outgoings from what you own Amount owed in debt (short term loans or those payable within a year)
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Expenses (tax, rent and other bills due immediately)
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Total Liabilities
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Read a portion of Qur’an everyday
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Improve my Qur’an recitation/ reading
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Offer Nafl prayers regularly
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Do Wudhu before sleeping
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Keep optional fasts on Mondays and Thursdays (masnoon)
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Be mindful of your speech
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Give regular charity/ Volunteer to help a local cause
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Visit the sick
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Keep regular daily invocations
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Take care of your body through healthy eating and excercise
Step 3: Minus Total Liabilities from Total Assets and if the amount is more than the Nisaab then multiply by 0.025 Total Assets
Total Liabilities
Total Zakat
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£
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Need help or have a question regarding Zakat? Call Muslim Aid’s Zakat helpline this Ramadan. 24
Donate your Zakat NOW 020 7377 4200 muslimaid.org
*Start your regular donation today from as little as £3 a month. Visit muslimaid.org or call 020 7377 4200
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you give, we serve.
Across the world, Muslim Aid is working to empower and uplift the world’s poorest communities. Here’s some of what we did last year:
200,000
people received food under our Feed the Fasting Programme.
14,000
litres of fuel were delivered to keep Gaza’s hospitals running.
17,899
Syrian families were provided with food packs.
58,000
people in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sudan, Cambodia and Sri Lanka were reached through our Microfinance Programme.
5,522
orphans and disadvantaged children received sponsorship in 17 countries.
800,000
children were vaccinated in Somalia against polio and measles.
When you donate this Ramadan, you can be sure that through our depth of experience in humanitarian work, your money will be used to serve those who are most in need.
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Donate your Zakat NOW
020 7377 4200 muslimaid.org 27
A Thank You to everyone... At Muslim Aid, we wish you all the joy and blessings of Eid and pray that Allah (swt) accepts your fasts and acts of worship.
“The best deeds are those we are consistent with, even if they are small deeds.” (Bukhari)
#yougiveweserve
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