The Little, Brown Reader Eleventh Edition
Marcia Stubbs Wellesley College Sylvan Barnet Tufts University
William E. Cain Weliesley College
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Brief Contents
Detailed Contents vii Rhetorical Contents xxv Preface xxxi
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
A Writer Reads 1 A Reader Writes 21 Academic Writing 43 Writing an Argument 79 Reading and Writing about Pictures 121 All in the Family 143 Identities 195 Immigrant Nation 257 Teaching and Learning 283 Work and Play 377 Messages 427 Law and Order 501 Consuming Desires 557 Body and Soul 603
Appendix: A Writer's Glossary 649 Photo Acknowledgments 659 Index 661
Detailed Contents
Rhetorical Contents xxv Preface xxxi
1
A Writer Reads
1
Previewing 2 Skimming 3 J. H. Plumb
The Dying Family
6
Highlighting, Underlining, Annotating 10 Summarizing 13 Critical Thinking: Analyzing the Text 14 Tone and Persona 16 Daniel Gilbert
2
Does Fatherhood Make You Happy?
17
/ A CHECKLIST: ANALYZING AND EVALUATING AN ESSAY
20
A Reader Writes C. S. Lewis
21
We Have No "Right to Happiness"
22
Responding to an Essay 26 The Writing Process 27 Keeping a Journal 28 Questioning the Text Again 29 Summaries, Jottings, Outlines, and Lists 30 / A CHECKLIST: GETTING STARTED
Getting Ready to Write a Draft
32
32 vii
viii
Detailed Contents Draft of an Essay: On "We Have No 'Right to Happiness'" 32 Revising and Editing a Draft 34 ; A Revised Draft: Persuasive Strategies in C. S. Lewis's ,\ "We Have No 'Right to Happiness'" 35 Rethinking the Thesis: Preliminary Notes 37 The Final Version: Style and Argument: An Examination of C. S. Lewis's "We Have No 'Right to Happiness'" 38 A Brief Overview of the Final Version 41 / A CHECKLIST: ANALYZING YOUR ANALYSIS
3
42
Academic Writing 43 Kinds of Prose 44 A Note on Writing a Summary 45 More about Critical Thinking: Analysis and Evaluation 46 / A CHECKLIST: CRITICAL THINKING 50
Joining the Conversation: Writing about Differing Views 51 Writing about Essays Less Directly Related: A Student's Notes and Journal Entries 52 The Student's Final Version: Two Ways of Thinking,about Today's Families 54 Interviewing 57 Guidelines for Conducting the Interview and Writing the Essay 58 Topics for Writing 61 Using Quotations 61 Avoiding Plagiarism 63 Acknowledging Sources 63 Fair Use of Common Knowledge 66 "But How Else Can I Put It?" 67 / A CHECKLIST: AVOIDING PLAGIARISM 68 / A CHECKLIST: THIRTEEN QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF WHEN EDITING 68
A Student's Documented Essay 69 Jason Green Did Dorothea Lange Pose Her Subject for Migrant Mother? 69
Detailed Contents
4
Writing an Argument
79
The Aims of an Argumentative Essay 81 Negotiating Agreements: The Approach of Carl R. Rogers 81 / A CHECKLIST: ROGERIAN ARGUMENT
86
Some Ways of Arguing: Appeals to Reason and Appeals to Emotions 87 Appeals to Reason: Deduction and Induction 87 Appeals to Emotions 88 Three Kinds of Evidence: Examples, Testimony, Statistics 89 Examples 90 Testimony 91 Statistics 92 How Much Evidence Is Enough? 93 Avoiding Fallacies 93 Drafting an Argument 97 Imagining an Audience 97 Getting Started 97 Writing a Draft 98 Revising a Draft 98 Organizing an Argument 99 Introductory and Concluding Paragraphs 100 Introductory Paragraphs 100 Concluding Paragraphs 102 / A CHECKLIST: REVISING PARAGRAPHS
103
Persona and Style 103 An Overview: An Examination of an Argument 105 Richard Rhodes
Hollow Claims about Fantasy Violence 105
The Analysis Analyzed 107 Two Debates (Four Arguments) for Analysis 111 A Debate: Should Laptops Be Banned from the Classroom? Ill Andrew Goldstein (student) Keep Online Poker Out of the Classroom: Why Professors Should Ban Laptops 111 Elena Choy
Laptops in the Classroom? No Problem
113
A Second Debate: Do Credit Companies Market Too Aggressively to Youths? 116
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Detailed Contents Travis B. Plunkett Yes, Credit Companies Market Too Aggressively to Youths 116 Louis J. Freeh No, Credit Companies Do Not Market Too Aggressively to Youths 118 / A CHECKLIST: REVISING DRAFTS OF ARGUMENTS
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120
Reading and Writing about Pictures 121 The Language of Pictures 122 Writing about Art 123 Writing about an Advertisement
124
/ A CHECKLIST: ANALYZING ADVERTISEMENTS
125
Writing about a Political Cartoon 126 / A CHECKLIST: ANALYZING POLITICAL CARTOONS
127
Lou Jacobs Jr. What Qualities Does a Good Photograph Have? 127
A little honest controversy about the visual success of a print or slide can be a healthy thing. Sample Analyses of Pictures 132 A Sample Essay by a Student 132 Zoe Morales
Dancing at Durango
132
A Sample Essay by an Art Historian 137 Thomas Hoving
So, Does It Speak to You?
137
A museum director analyzes Gant Wood's most famous painting, American Gothic
6
All in the Family 143 ILLUSTRATIONS
Pablo Picasso, 1905 The Acrobat's Family with a Monkey Joanne Leonard Sonia 145 SHORT VIEWS
144
146
Anonymous (William James?), Marcel Proust, Leo Tolstoy, Jessie Bernard, Jane Austen , Lewis Coser The Family 147 A sociologist defines the family and, in fewer than five hundred words, gives an idea of its variety.
Detailed Contents
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Joan Didion On Going Home 148 Is going home—is leaving home—possible? Sam Schulman Letting Go 151 : "Yes, parents impart values. But values come from other , useful sources, too. Hovering parents undermine the influence not only of other institutions like schools and churches but of peers." Stephanie Coontz
The Heterosexual Revolution
154
Traditional marriage started unraveling 200 years ago. Gabrielle Glaser
Scenes from an Intermarriage
156
The author of a book on interfaith marriage believes that although the future always looks bright, down the road someone usually loses. Anonymous
Confessions of an Erstwhile Child
161
Should children have the legal right to escape impossible families? A victim argues that a closely bound family structure compounds craziness. Arlie Hochschild The Second Shift: Employed Women Are Putting in Another Day of Work at Home 166
There's a "leisure gap" between men and women at home. A Debate (Two Arguments) for Analysis 172 Andrew Sullivan versus William J. Bennett 172 Andrew Sullivan Here Comes the Groom: A (Conservative) Case for Gay Marriage 172
"But gay marriage is not a radical step. It avoids the mess of domestic partnership; it is humane; it is conservative in the best sense of the word." William J. Bennett
Gay Marriage: Not a Very Good Idea 176
A conservative public servant—Bennett served under the first President Bush—concludes that "it is exceedingly imprudent to conduct a radical, untested and inherently flawed social experiment on an institution that is the keystone in the arch of civilization." Judy Brady
J Want a Wife 179
A wife looks at the services she performs and decides that she'd like a wife. Black Elk
High Horse's Courting
182
An Oglala Sioux holy man tells us what a hard time, in the old days, a young man had getting the girl he wanted.
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Detailed Contents Celia E. Rothenberg Child of Divorce 186 An undergraduate reflects on the impact of divorce on her, her brother, and her parents. Jamaica Kincaid Girl (story) 192 ,\ "Try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming." Robert Hayden Those Winter Sundays (poem) 193 "No one ever thanked him."
Identities 195 ILLUSTRATIONS
Dorothea Lange Grandfather and Grandchildren Awaiting Evacuation Bus, Hayward, California 196 Marion Post Wolcott Behind the Bar, Birney, Montana 197 SHORT VIEWS
198
Margaret Mead, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Simone de Beauvoir, Israel Zangwill, Vladimir I. Lenin, Joyce Carol Oates, Martin Luther King Jr., Shirley Chisholm Rogelio R. Gomez Foul Shots 200 A Mexican-American remembers the shame he felt in the presence of Anglos. Marianne J. Legato The Weaker Sex 203 When it comes to health, men are delicate creatures. Zora Neale Hurston How It Feels to Be Colored Me 205 "At certain times I have no race, I am me." Stephen Jay Gould Women's Brains 209 On the "irrelevant and highly injurious" biological labeling of women and other disadvantaged groups. Katha Pollitt Why Boys Don't Play with Dolls 215 Social conditioning, not biology, is the answer, this author says. Paul Theroux The Male Myth 218 "It is very hard to imagine any concept of manliness that does not belittle women." Emily Tsao Thoughts of an Oriental Girl 221
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A sophomore questions the value of describing Asian Americans and other minorities as "people of color." Gloria Naylor A Question of Language 223 What does the word "nigger" mean? Richard Rodriguez, with Scott London Melting Pot 226
A View from the
"In the LA of the future, no one will need say, 'Let's celebrate diversity' Diversity is going to be a fundamental part of our lives." Amy Tan Snapshot: Lost Lives of Women 232 The writer examines "a picture of secrets and tragedies."
A Casebook on Race 236 Columbia Encyclopedia Race 236 An encyclopedia defines race and distinguishes it from racism. Armand Marie Leroi A Family Tree in Every Gene 238 A biologist argues that "races are real." David Fitch, Herbert J. Gans, Mary T. Bassett, Lynn M. Morgan, Martin E. Fuller, John Waldman Letters Responding to Armand Marie Leroi 243 Sharon Begley
Three Is Not Enough 245
"Changing our thinking about race will require a revolution in thought as profound, and profoundly unsettling, as anything science has ever demanded." Shelby Steele Hailing While Black 251 "The real debate over racial profiling is not about stops and searches on the New Jersey Turnpike. It is about the degree of racism in America and the distribution of power it justifies." Brent Staples On Race and the Census: Struggling with Categories That No Longer Apply 253 The "one-drop rule" can't survive in a multiracial society. Countee Cullen Incident (poem) 256 A grown man remembers only one thing from his childhood visit to Baltimore.
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Detailed Contents
Immigrant Nation 257 ILLUSTRATIONS
Christopher J. Morris New U.S. Citizens at a Citizenship Ceremony, Pomona, California 258 Statue of Liberty, New York City 259 SHORT VIEWS
260
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Israel Zangwill, Jack Strong, Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, Charles Horton Cooley, Bharati Mukherjee, Pat Paulsen, Vine Deloria, Anonymous Mexican American, Jimmy Carter, William Shakespeare, Hebrew Bible Bharati Mukherjee Two Ways to Belong in America 262 A native of India, now a long-time resident and citizen of the United States, compares her responses with those of her sister, also a resident here but not a citizen. Anar Ali The Person Behind the Muslim 265 A Muslim says she is willing to talk about terrorism but she wants to talk about it "as a citizen, not just a Muslim."
A Casebook on Recent Immigrants Barry R. Chiswick
267
The Worker Next Door 267
An economist argues that our society does not need the cheap labor that many immigrants provide. Jeffjacoby What If We Deport Them All? 270 A conservative columnist argues that we need immigrant workers who cross our borders and therefore "we'd all be better off if we let them cross it legally." Victor Davis Hanson Socrates on Illegal Immigration 272 A senior fellow at the Hoover Institution argues that Socrates's behavior in the "Crito"—Socrates acceptance of the court's sentence of death—should guide our actions concerning illegal immigration: We cannot pick and choose which laws we should obey. Cardinal Roger Mahony Called by God to Help 275 A cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church argues that "Denying aid to a fellow human being violates a law with a higher authority than Congress—the law of God."
Detailed Contents
A Casebook of Poems about Immigrants
XV
277
Emma Lazarus The New Colossus (poem) 277 A poet speaks the thoughts of the Statue of Liberty: "Give me your tired, your poor,/Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free." Pat Mora Immigrants (poem) 278 The hopes of immigrant parents. Dudley Randall The Melting Pot (poem) 280 An African American poet wryly observes that immigrants from Europe step into the melting pot and are transformed but the descendants of black slaves are not allowed to step into the pot.
9
Teaching and Learning 283 ILLUSTRATIONS
Winslow Homer Ron James
Blackboard 284
The Lesson—Planning a Career 285
SHORT Views
286 Francis Bacon, Paul Goodman, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Emma Goldman, Jesse Jackson, Ralph Waldo Emerson, D. H. Lawrence, Prince Kropotkin, John Ruskin, Confucius, Joseph Wood Krutch, Phyllis Bottome
David Brooks
The Gender Gap at School 289
"Over the past two decades, there has been a steady accumulation of evidence that male and female brains work differently." A Debate (Two Arguments) for Analysis 291 A Debate: Do Video Games Significantly Enhance Literacy? 291 James Paul Gee Pro 291 Howard Gardner Con 293 Plato
The Myth of the Cave 294
A great teacher explains in a metaphor the progress of the mind from opinion to knowledge. Richard Rodriguez
Public and Private Language
301
By age seven, Richard Rodriguez learns "the great lesson of school," that he had a "public identity."
xvi
Detailed Contents Maya Angelou Graduation 306 A dispiriting commencement address and a spontaneous , reaction to it. Neil Postman Order in the Classroom 316 i "School is not a radio station or a television program." Sara Bennett and Nancy Kalish No More Teachers, Lots of Books 323
Summer homework sets students back. Suzy Maroon, Julia Collins, Elizabeth P. Ueland Letters Responding to Sara Bennett and Nancy Kalish 325 Robert Coles On Raising Moral Children 326 A psychiatrist discusses the ways in which adults shape children's behavior. Fan Shen The Classroom and the Wider Culture 331 According to Fan Shen, who migrated from China to Nebraska, "To be truly 'myself,' which I knew was a key to my success in learning English composition, meant not to be my Chinese self at all." David Gelernter Unplugged 341 A professor of computer science offers a surprising comment: "The computer's potential to do good is modestly greater than a book's in some areas. Its potential to do harm is vastly greater, across the board." Amy Tan In the Canon, for All the Wrong Reasons 344 An Asian-American writer is not altogether comfortable now that her book is required reading. Wu-tsu Fa-yen Zen and the Art of Burglary (story) 348 A teacher tells a story to teach what otherwise cannot be taught.
A Casebook on What Colleges Should Teach 349 Stanley Fish Why We Built the Ivory Tower 349 "The practices of responsible citizenship and moral behavior should be encouraged in young adults—but it's not the business of the university to do so, except when the morality in question is the morality that penalizes cheating, plagiarizing, and shoddy teaching." Rachel Milbauer Coercive Thinking 352 A first-year student in a composition course explains why she objects to the instructor requiring her to write about topics that she finds morally offensive.
Detailed Contents
xvii
Dave Eggers Serve or Fail 355 Colleges—except perhaps community colleges, whose students "have considerable family and work demands"— should require students to perform community service. • "Perhaps every 25 hours of service could be traded for one class credit, with a maximum of three credits a year." Patrick Allitt
Should Undergraduates Specialize? 358
A graduate of the British system, where undergraduates specialize, thinks about his daughter's liberal arts education in the United States. Carol Geary Schneider and Ellis M. West Patrick Allitt 361 Caitlin Petre
Letters Responding to
The Lessons I Didn't Learn in College 364
A college graduate finds that life's real tests start when final exams end. Langston Hughes Theme for English B (poem) 366 Responding to the white instructor's assignment to write something that is "true," an African-American student writes, "It's not easy to know what is true for you or me / at twenty-two, my age."
A Casebook on Testing and Grading 368 Paul Goodman
A Proposal to Abolish Grading 368
"Grading hinders teaching and creates a bad spirit." Diane Ravitch
In Defense of Testing 371
"Tests and standards are a necessary fact of life." Joy Alonso
Two Cheers for Examinations
373
"After reading all of the essays I felt pretty good, I felt something of the satisfaction that I hope students felt after they finished writing their examinations."
Work and Play 377 ILLUSTRATIONS
Dorothea Lange Lettuce Cutters, Salinas Valley 378 Helen Levitt Children 379 SHORT VIEWS
380
Mark Twain, Duke of Wellington, Barbara Ehrenreich, Smohalla, Lost Star, John Ruskin, Vince Lombardi,
xviii
Detailed Contents George Orwell, Friedrich Nietzsche, Walt Whitman, Ken Burns, Bion Bertrand Russell Work 382 t A philosopher examines the connections between work and happiness. Mike Rose Brains as Well as Brawn 387 In an essay published on Labor Day, a professor talks about "the intelligence of the laborer—the thought, the creativity, the craft it takes to do work, any work, well." Gloria Steinem The Importance of Work 389 Both men and women have the "human right" to a job. "But women have more cause to fight for it," and have better reasons than "weworkbecausewehaveto." Felice N. Schwartz The "Mommy Track" Isn't Anti-Woman 394 A debate on what employees can do to help parents balance careers and family responsibilities. Pat Schroeder, Lois Brenner, Hope Dellon, Anita M. Harris, Peg McAulay Byrd Letters Responding to Felice N. Schwartz 396 Virginia Woolf Professions for Women 401 Women must confront two obstacles on entering new professions. Henry Louis Gates Jr. Delusions of Grandeur 405 How many African-American athletes are at work today? Henry Louis Gates Jr. tells us that "an African-American youngster has about as much chance of becoming a professional athlete as he or she does of winning the lottery." Marie Winn The End of Play 408 Childhood, once a time of play, today is increasingly "purposeful, success-oriented, competitive." What are the causes of this change? And what are the consequences of "the end of childhood"? W. H. Auden The Unknown Citizen (poem) 415 "Was he free, was he happy? The question is absurd."
A Casebook on Poker 416 Jeremy Marks The Power of Poker 416 A first-year student explains how poker has helped him as a student. Lauren Patrizi My College Addiction 419
Detailed Contents
xix
"The appropriate corrective for online gambling addiction is up for debate." Chris Berger
Gen Y: The Poker Generation 423
An undergraduate speaks: "I plan on getting good grades and going to grad school, but for right now I'm going all in on my Jack, nine suited."
Messages 427 ILLUSTRATIONS
Jill Posener
Born Kicking, Graffiti on Billboard, London 428
Anonymous SHORT VIEWS
Sapolio 429
430
Voltaire, Marianne Moore, Derek Walcott, Jane Wagner, Emily Dickinson, Howard Nemerov, Wendell Berry, Anonymous, Rosalie Maggio, Benjamin Cardozo, Gary Snyder, Alan Jacobs, Ann Beattie Abraham Lincoln Address at the Dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery 432
A two-minute speech that shows signs of enduring. Gilbert Highet
The Gettysburg Address
433
A classicist analyzes a speech that we may think we already know well. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Resolutions 439
Declaration of Sentiments
The women at the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention adopt a new declaration, accusing men of failures and crimes parallel to those that led Jefferson in 1776 to denounce King George III. Robin Lakoff
You Are What You Say 443
A linguistic double standard turns women into "communicative cripples—damned if we do, and damned if we don't." Barbara Lawrence
Four-Letter Words Can Hurt You 449
The best-known obscene words are sadistic and dehumanizing—and their object is almost always female. Edward T. Hall
Proxemics in the Arab World 452
Why Americans and Arabs find each other pushy, rude, or simply incomprehensible.
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Detailed Contents
Deborah Tannen
The Workings of Conversational Style
459
"Our talk is saying something about our relationship." James B. Twitchell
The Marlboro Man: The Perfect Campaign 471
• How a dangerous legal product was successfully marketed. Eric Schlosser Kid Kustomers 479 How companies get kids to get parents to buy products. Stevie Smith Not Waving but Drowning (poem) 485 What a dead man was trying to say all his life.
A Casebook on Virtual Worlds 486 Brent Staples What Adolescents Miss When We Let Them Grow Up in Cyberspace 486
Life lessons don't come in a virtual form. Jeremy Rifkin
Virtual Companionship
488
Computers that imitate emotion only make us lonelier. Kay S. Hymowitz
Big Mother Is Watching
491
Parents who use surveillance devices to monitor kids are not doing them any favors. George F. Will
You Bloggin' to Me?
494
For the self-absorbed, their Time has arrived. Bob Nixon
Please Don't E-Mail Me about This Article
496
E-mail is a great convenience but "I just need periods in my life when it is less relentless and less convenient."
Law and Order 501 ILLUSTRATIONS
Bernie Boston
Flower Power
502
Norman Rockwell The Problem We All Live With 503 SHORT VIEWS
504
African Proverb, Niccolo Machiavelli, G. C. Lichtenberg, Andrew Fletcher, Samuel Johnson, William Blake, Anatole France, Louis D. Brandeis, H. L. Mencken, Barack Obama, Mae West Thomas Jeff erson
The Declaration of Independence
"We hold these truths to be self-evident."
506
Detailed Contents
xxi
Martin Luther King Jr. Nonviolent Resistance 510 "Violence as a way of achieving racial justice is both impractical and immoral." Martin Luther King Jr. Letter from Birmingham Jail 515
:, An imprisoned civil rights leader argues that victims of unjust laws have the right to break those laws as long as they use nonviolent tactics. Cathy Booth Thomas A New Scarlet Letter 529 A Texas judge forces sex offenders to broadcast their crimes with house signs and bumper stickers. Chesa Boudin
Making Time Count
532
A young man whose parents have been in prison since he was an infant talks about what was done and might be done to assist such families to maintain healthy relationships. Derek Bok
Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus
538
A university president engages with "the problem of trying to reconcile the rights of free speech with the desire to avoid racial tension." George Orwell
Shooting an Elephant
540
As a young British police officer in Burma, Orwell learns the true nature of imperialism. John (?)
The Woman Taken in Adultery
547
"He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her."
A Casebook on Torture 548 Michael Levin The Case for Torture 548 "I am not advocating torture as p u n i s h m e n t . . . . I am advocating torture as an acceptable measure for preventing future evils." Philip B. Heymann
Torture Should Not Be Authorized
551
"Torture is a prescription for losing a war for support of our beliefs in the hope of reducing the casualties." Alan M. Dershowitz
Yes, It Should Be "On the Books"
553
A professor of law argues that under certain exceptional circumstances—when there is "a ticking bomb"—the appropriate authority should issue a warrant authorizing torture if it may save hundreds of lives.
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Detailed Contents
Consuming Desires 557 ILLUSTRATIONS
', Grant Wood American Gothic 558 Richard Hamilton Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? 559 SHORT VIEWS
560
Chinese Proverb, Hebrew Bible, William Blake, Marcel Duchamp, Anonymous, George Bernard Shaw, G. C. Lichtenberg, Diane White, Anonymous, Alison Lurie, Rudi Gernreich, Kenneth Clark, Le Corbusier, Ralph Waldo Emerson Michael Ableman Feeding Our Future 562 "How difficult would it be to replace nachos with real corn on the cob?" David Gerard Hogan
Fast Food 565
Despite criticism, "fast food continues its rapid international growth." Janna Malamud Smith My Son, My Compass 568 A mother reports how unsettling it was to "take moral direction" from a son who had become a vegan. "Not only was I being called upon to loosen my protective grip on my charge, I needed to reconsider my position in the universe." Jacob Alexander
Nitrite: Preservative or Carcinogen? 571
An undergraduate's research paper provides food for thought. Donna Maurer Vegetarianism 581 A historian offers reflections on what sorts of people are vegetarians, and why. Paul Goldberger
Quick! Before It Crumbles!
584
An architecture critic looks at cookie architecture. Peter Singer and Jim Mason At What Cost? 587
Wal-Mart: Everyday Low Prices—
A philospher and a farmer raise some questions. Sheldon Richman The Chutzpah of Wal-Mart's Critics 592 An indignant response to the indignant critics of Wal-Mart
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Jonathan Swift A Modest Proposal 594 An eighteenth-century Irish satirist tells his countrymen how they may make children "sound, useful members of the commonwealth." James Wright Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy's Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota (poem) 601 A poet looks around, and comes to a surprising conclusion.
14
Body and Soul 603 ILLUSTRATIONS
Henri Cartier-Bresson Place del 'Europe, Paris, 1932 604 Ken Gray Lifted Lotus 605 SHORT VIEWS
606
W B. Yeats, Napoleon, Walt Whitman, Woody Allen, Epictetus, D. H. Lawrence, John Locke, Virginia Woolf, Emily Dickinson, Plato, Samuel Johnson, Frederick Douglass, Ray Charles, Friedrich Nietzsche, Oscar Wilde, Nigerian Proverb, Jesus Anonymous Muddy Road (story) 608 A Zen anecdote about body and mind. Henry David Thoreau Economy 608 "The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation." Natalie Angier The Sandbox: Bully for You—Why Push Comes to Shove 620 "It's hard to see how bullying behavior in schools can be eliminated when bullying behavior among adults is not only common but often applauded—at least if it results in wild success." Robert Santos My Men 625 A veteran of the Vietnam War recalls hunger, killings, and rape: "It was so horrifying. I tried to think of what I would be like if this took place in my hometown. This may have been a turning point in my life." Plato Crito 630 Socrates helps Crito to see that "we ought not to render evil for evil."
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Detailed Contents T. S. Eliot
The Love Song ofj. Alfred Prufrock 642
"In a minute there is time / For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse." Appendix: A Writer's Clossary 649 Photo Acknowledgments Index 661
659