The Green Battery for a Sustainable Europe Now, 2020 and Beyond 2014 Dr. Peter Bauhofer

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Contents

Policy Framework E-Transition: Strategic Goals and Status Quo The System Flexibility Tool Box Needs for Corporate Success

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TIWAG Is One of the Most Important Austrian Storage Providers.

The Green Battery of TIWAG: Storages and Pumped Storages Turbine: 1.350 MW Pumps:

250 MW

Pumped Hydro Storage Projects Turbine: 1.050 MW Pumps:

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530 MW

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The Psychology of Transition

emotional ambition

metamorphosis

ecological, self sufficient

discussion

„I want to be independent of big energy companies and I want to decide wether I produce by myself, or when, how and from whom I buy energy. „ „I want to be a creative part of the new energy system and I want to understand it.“

selection of supplier  liberalised market

?

low price stability and security of supply

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202020 Strategy and Beyond

guarantee a save and

ensure economical growth and create new green markets

low cost electricity supply save climate 2020 Strategy is the ignition for large scale RES integration being continued by the 2030 greenbook and the 2050 Roadmap:  reduce emissions by at least 20 % until 2020,  20 % more efficiency by 2020, 50 % more efficiency by 2050,  20 %tot RES share by 2020 = > 32 % el, 80 %el in some countries by 2050,  enforce sustainable ressource management,  reduce external energy dependency significantly.

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Energy Dependency Causes Geostrategic Weakness [Ref. EUROSTAT 2013].

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202020 strategy  EU 2030 framework  low carbon economy.

2020

2030

GHG

-20 %

-40 %

REStot

20 %

27%

RESel

32 %

45%

7 % Biomass, 7 % Hydro, 31% Wind/PV

Step 1:

22 Jan 2014: Commission proposals on goals.

Step 2:

March 2014: European Council political decision on goals (or June 2014).

Step 3:

2015: Commission drafts legislation to implement goals, spread burdens.

Step 4:

2016-17: Parliament and Council Co-Decision on legislation.

Step 5:

2018-19: National transposition where necessary.

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More than 30 %el RES-prod.-share long for additional flexibility steps.

Thermal production capacity to be reduced. Must run capacity 10 – 20 GW. Thermal flexibility to be improved. Existing thermal plants are optimised for huge full load hours and full load operation while turndown reduces energy efficiency and drives costs. Must Run > 10 GW of thermal units

Retrofit measures will increase operational flexibility only to a certain extent.

New thermal and RES plants will have more flexibility by improved technologies.

Gas power plants are expected to be the thermal backbone until 2050 and beyond.

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Increasing Capacity Produces Less Electricity. Efficiency Sinking.

Installierte Leistung zur Stromerzeugung nach Energieträgern in Deutschland

[MW]

Quellen: BMU, AGEE-Stat., BMWI. Darstellung: TIWAG/EE

200.000

Pumpspeicher- und Speicherkraftwerke

180.000

Andere n. Erneuerbare

160.000

Photovoltaik

140.000

Wind

120.000

Biomasse

100.000

Laufwasserkraft

80.000

2035: - 60 %

Naturgas

60.000

Mineralölprodukte

40.000 Braunkohle

20.000 Steinkohle

0 1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

Nuklear

Vorläufige Angaben für 2013.

Bruttostromerzeugung nach Energieträgern in Deutschland Quellen: BMU, AGEE-Stat., BMWI. Darstellung: TIWAG/EE

Austria and Germany consequently follow their NREAP-path

700.000 Andere n. Erneuerbare

600.000

and even exceed it. Up to now national goals are met.

Photovoltaik

[Gwh]

500.000

Wind

Restrictions of thermal plants, wind and photovoltaics more

Biomasse

400.000

Wasserkraf t

and more long for flexibility measures to stabilise the system.

300.000 Naturgas 200.000

Mineralölprodukte Braunkohle

100.000

Steinkohle 0 1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

Nuklear

Production efficiency is being reduced significantly. Large scale storages will be missing.

Anmerkung en: Stromerzeugung aus Wasserkraft in Lauf-, Pump- und Speicherkraftwerken aus natürlichem Zufluss. Vorläufige Angaben für 2013.

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Socio Economic Benefit of Pumped Hydro Storage Is Significant.

system stability

security of supply, system stab, thermal efficiency power and capacity extension, new PHS

system stability, efficiency

focus on power oriented extension of existing PHS-groups

RES corridor as of EEG 2014 draft

PV gradient > 5 GW/h!

PHS as precondition for RES integration

Increased PHS benefit for RES integration and thermal operation efficiency

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strong PHS benefit for • RES integration, • security of supply (long term storage), • thermal operation efficiency

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HPS is a multy utility toolbox.

Socio Economic Welfare and RES Integration System Stability

remuneration/ market

Efficiency, Security of Supply

redispatch

black Start

anc.Serv.: p/f- control, v/rp-control

load smoothing

seasonal energy shifting

yes

yes

yes

yes, energy only

yes, energy only

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PHS Power to Gas CAES Batteries Flying Wheels Feed-in-Mgt. DSM [Ref.: TIWAG 2013]

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Efficient thermal production longs for efficient load smoothing.

sec

min

hrs

days

[Ref.: www.store-project.eu, 2013]

sec – min

min - hrs

hrs - days

pumped hydro power to gas CAES batteries flying wheels demand side mgt RES feed in mgt.

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Alpine HPS capacity to complete German daily HPS facilities.

The German HPS-system has short- term storage characteristics. Reservoir – volumes and drop hights limit German hydro power storage facilities for short-term operation to maximum of 1 day. All relevant strategy studies expect from 2025 on a significant increase of medium and seasonal storage when baseload capacity reduced stepwise and renewables’ share will become dominant. The challenges until 2025 can be met mainly by increased power installation (turbines and pumps) while post 2025 power and energy storage is needed urgently. New Alpine HPS reservoirs will meet these [Ref.: EE, BES/TIWAG 2013]

challenges by progressive power and capacity development.

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Simultaneous short-, medium- and long-term storage with alpine HPS.

Ancillary services, residual load management and seasonal storage is the core business for HPS in the 21rst century. 2.410

 Flexible turbine and pump capacities 2.400

combined with

2.390

 huge reservoir capacities/drop heights together with

2.380

 a maximum of availability

2.370 2.360

give a broadband operation-service 2.350

for the entire system and thus guarantee system stability and security of supply.

2.340 2.330 1.Jun

1.Jul

31.Jul

30.Aug

29.Sep

Jun

29.Okt

28.Nov

28.Dez

27.Jän

26.Feb

28.Mär

Dec

27.Apr

27.Ma

Mai

Highly flexible load alternations at huge gradients meet all LFC requests simultaneously with Charging or discharging the system for short-,

[Ref.: TIWAG 2013]

medium or long term shaping and seasonal energy storage.

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Residual load dynamics longs for additional flexible prod. capacities.

80 % RES integration until 2050. Significant reduction of baseload capacities. Nuclear turn off and reduction of baseload capacities will double demand for flexible feed in capacities and multiply demand for flexible feed out capacities by factor 5. PV gradients expected > 5 GW/h. Offshore wind, compensation effects of geographically dispersed onshore wind and flexible RES-production may stabilise neg. LFC (Pumps, ...) demand at approx. – 20 GW. Hours with negative residual load are expected to rise from nearly 0 today to 500 in 2030 and up to 2.500 in 2050. It will need all mature technologies in an optimised way to meet these challenges.

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All technologies needed to meet the coming challenges. (System requirements, not technological availability)

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

Demand DSM Industry

DSM Households

Production

feed in control wind, pv, biomass retrofit of thermal plants

baseload red.

Must run > 10 GW

Existing and new thermal plants

Grid transmission Improvement Super Grid? smart components

Storage

hydro pumped storage batteries CAES P2G (H2)

[Ref.: TIWAG 2013]

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P2G (CH4)

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Alpine and scandinavian hydropower will meet the challenge together.

Austria’s hydraulic potential is only used by 50 %. [Ref.: TIWAG, OE, BfE, BNA, Statkraft, DGENER, 2013]

Appr. 13.000 GWh are expected to be developed. Tirol shares 21 %. D-A-CH together with scandinavian storage and HPS facilities will significantly help to meet the future challanges by creating win-win opportunities within the authorized potential:  large scale RES integration

~ 20 GW today

> 2020

+/- 2030

today

> 2020

 thermal production optimisation +/- 2030

 system stability  price stabilisation  CO2 reduction

Desirable investment for European industry: 20 GW = Euro 24 billion within 15 yrs.

Alpine HPS benefit from strong

Individual costs depend on local conditions and operational focus.

interconnectors to the German system.

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Ancillary Services are a Market Product!

Service Provider Transmission Grid

Ancillary services have to be provided market oriented also in future: independent

380 kV

of technology and grid-level. Storages do not have to be part of the grid infrastructure. 110, 220 kV

Ancillary Services stabilise the system:

Hydro Pumped Storage Gas Power Plants

 voltage stabilisation  black start ability to manage black outs  spinning reserves

10 - 30 kV

 system balancing Decentr. Load Mgt:  batteries  Vehicle to Grid (V2G)  Demand Side Mgt.

load/frequency reserves long term reserves backup-reserves

230 V Distribution Grid

[Ref.: TIWAG 2013]

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System flexibility issues for the 21rst century

1.

sufficient power reserves by production optimisation, weather – oriented DSM,

2.

guaranteed power availability for defined time frames,

3.

effective and efficient RES and thermal surplus recovery,

4.

fast power control to meet huge residual load gradients mainly caused by PV,

5.

sufficient and highly efficient storage facilities.

1. market oriented system services 2. power and energy oriented market design

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Let’s Live a Sustainable Future!

Thanks for your kind attention! Dr. Peter Bauhofer Leiter Abt. Energiestrategie und Energieeffizienz ++43 699 1257 2511 [email protected]

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