THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH A NEW TRANSLATION VOLUME 115

THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH A NEW TRANSLATION EDITORIAL BOARD Thomas P. Halton The Catholic University of America Editorial Director

Elizabeth Clark Duke University

Robert D. Sider Dickinson College



Joseph T. Lienhard, S.J. Fordham University

Michael Slusser Duquesne University



David G. Hunter Iowa State University

Cynthia White The University of Arizona



Kathleen McVey Princeton Theological Seminary

Rebecca Lyman Church Divinity School of the Pacific

David J. McGonagle Director The Catholic University of America Press

FORMER EDITORIAL DIRECTORS Ludwig Schopp, Roy J. Deferrari, Bernard M. Peebles, Hermigild Dressler, O.F.M. Carole C. Burnett Staff Editor

ST. CYRIL OF ALEXANDRIA COMMENTARY ON THE TWELVE PROPHETS VOLUME 1 Translated by †ROBERT C. HILL

THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS Washington, D.C.

Copyright © 2007 THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standards for Information Science—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI z39.48–1984. Library of Con g r e s s C ata l o g i n g - i n - P u b l i c at i o n D ata Cyril, Saint, Patriarch of Alexandria, ca. 370–444. Commentary on the Twelve Prophets / Cyril of Alexandria ; translated with an introduction by Robert C. Hill. p. cm. — (The Fathers of the church ; v. 115) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 978-0-8132-0115-3 (cloth : alk. paper)  1. Bible. O.T. Prophets—Commentaries.  I. Hill, Robert C. (Robert Charles), 1931–   II. Title.  III. Series. BS1505.53.C9713 2007 224´.907—dc22 2007016972

CONTENTS Abbreviations Select Bibliography

vii ix

Introduction

3

1. The Commentary on the Twelve Prophets among Cyril’s works  3 2. Text of the Commentary; Cyril’s biblical text of The Twelve  6 3. Cyril’s style of commentary  8 4. Interpreting the Twelve Prophets  13 5. Theological accents in the Commentary  17 6. Cyril’s achievement in the Commentary on the Twelve Prophets  20

COMMENTARY ON THE TWELVE PROPHETS Commentary on the Prophet Hosea Preface Commentary on Hosea, Chapter One Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Two Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Three Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Four Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Five Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Six Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Seven Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Eight Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Nine Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Ten Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Eleven Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Twelve Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Thirteen Commentary on Hosea, Chapter Fourteen

25 27 33 64 94 101 123 138 150 164 176 194 210 222 236 249

vi

CONTENTS

Commentary on the Prophet Joel Preface Commentary on Joel, Chapter One Commentary on Joel, Chapter Two Commentary on Joel, Chapter Three

257 259 261 280 302

INDICES The indices to this volume are combined with the indices to volume 2, to appear in the latter.

ABBREVIATIONS AnBib Analecta Biblica, Pontificio Istituto Biblico, Rome. Aug

Augustinianum.

BAC

Bible in Ancient Christianity, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2004–.

Bib

Biblica.

CCG

Corpus Christianorum series Graeca, Turnhout: Brepols.

CCL

Corpus Christianorum series Latina, Turnhout: Brepols.

DBS

Dictionnaire de la Bible. Supplément, IV, Paris: Librairie Letouzey et Ané, 1949.

FOTC

The Fathers of the Church, Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press.

GO

Göttinger Orientforschungen, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.

HeyJ

The Heythrop Journal.

JECS

Journal of Early Christian Studies.

LXX

Septuagint.

NS

New Series.

OTL

Old Testament Library.

PG

Patrologia Graeca, ed. J.-P. Migne, Paris, 1857–66.

SC

Sources Chrétiennes, Paris: Du Cerf.

StudP

Studia Patristica.

TRE

Theologische Realenzyclopädie, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1976–.

vii

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Boulnois, M.-O. “The mystery of the Trinity according to Cyril of Alexandria: The Deployment of the Triad and its Recapitulation into the Unity of Divinity.” In T. G. Weinandy and D. A. Keating, eds. The Theology of St Cyril of Alexandria. A Critical Appreciation. London and New York: T&T Clark, 2003. Pp. 75–111. Daley, B. E. “Apocalypticism in Early Christian Theology.” In B. McGinn, ed. The Encyclopedia of Apocalypticism 2. New York and London: Continuum, 2002. Pp. 3–47. Doutreleau, L., ed. Didyme L’Aveugle. Sur Zacharie. SC 83, 84, 85. Paris: Du Cerf, 1962. Fernández Marcos, N. The Septuagint in Context: Introduction to the Greek Versions of the Bible. Translated by Wilfred G. E. Watson. Boston and Leiden: Brill, 2001. Harvey, E. R. “Cyrillus von Alexandria.” TRE 8:254–60. Hill, R. C. “The Mystery of Christ: Clue to Paul’s Thinking on Wisdom.” HeyJ 25 (1984): 475–83. ———. “Psalm 45: A locus classicus for Patristic Thinking on Biblical Inspiration.” StudP 25 (1993): 95–100. ———. Theodoret of Cyrus. Commentary on the Psalms. FOTC 101, 102. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 2000. ———. “Jonah in Antioch.” Pacifica 14 (2001): 245–61. ———. “Theodore of Mopsuestia, Interpreter of the Prophets.” Sacris Erudiri 40 (2001): 107–29. ———. Theodore of Mopsuestia. Commentary on the Twelve Prophets. FOTC 108. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004. ———. Reading the Old Testament in Antioch. BAC 5. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005. ———. Didymus the Blind. Commentary on Zechariah. FOTC 111. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 2005. ———. Theodoret of Cyrus. Commentary on the Twelve Prophets. Commentaries on the Prophets 3. Brookline, MA: Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 2005. ———. “Zechariah in Alexandria and Antioch.” Aug 46 (2006). Jouassard, Georges. “L’activité littéraire de saint Cyrille d’Alexandrie jusqu’à 428: Essai de chronologie et de synthèse.” In Mélanges E. Podechard: Études de sciences religieuses offertes pour son émeritat. Lyon: Facultés Catholiques, 1954. Pp. 159–74. Kelly, J. N. D. Jerome. His Life, Writings and Controversies. London: Duckworth, 1975 ix



SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

Kerrigan, A. St. Cyril of Alexandria, Interpreter of the Old Testament. AnBib 2. Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1952. Olivier, J.-M., ed. Diodori Tarsensis commentarii in Psalmos. I. Commentarii in Psalmos I-L. CCG 6. Turnhout: Brepols, 1980. Petersen, D. L. Zechariah 9–14 & Malachi. OTL. London: SCM, 1995. Pusey, P. E., ed. Sancti patris nostri Cyrilli archiepiscopi Alexandrini in XII prophetas. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1868. Redditt, P. L. Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. New Century Bible Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eeerdmans, 1995. Russell, N. Cyril of Alexandria. The Early Christian Fathers. London and New York: Routledge, 2000. Schäublin, C. Untersuchungen zu Methode und Herkunft der antiochenischen Exégèse. Theophaneia: Beiträge zur Religions- und Kirchengeschichte des Altertums 23. Cologne and Bonn: Peter Hanstein, 1974. Smith, R. L. Micah–Malachi. Word Biblical Commentary 32. Waco, TX: Word Books, 1984. Sprenger, H. N., ed. Theodori Mopsuesteni commentarius in XII prophetas. GO. Biblica et Patristica 1. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1977. Wilken, R. L. “Cyril of Alexandria as Interpreter of the Old Testament.” In T. G. Weinandy and D. A. Keating, eds. The Theology of St Cyril of Alexandria. A Critical Appreciation. London and New York: T&T Clark, 2003. Pp. 1–21. ———. “Cyril of Alexandria.” In C. Kannengiesser. Handbook of Patristic Exegesis 2. BAC 1. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005. Pp. 840–69. Zeigler, J. Duodecim Prophetae. Septuaginta 13. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1943.