The  Enlightenment  Activity:  The  Debate  of  Debate     1. Read  the  Introduction  Information  to  gain  a  general  understanding  of  the   Enlightenment  Era  (also  called  the  Age  of  Reason).       2. Read  each  of  the  Activity  Cards  on  the  Philosophes  of  the  Enlightenment  and   complete  your  graphic  organizer  on  each  philosophe  and  their  ideas.   3. Use  the  information  from  the  cards  and  visuals  to  discuss  and  complete  the   following  questions  with  your  group.   a. What  is  the  difference  between  the  “state  of  nature”  and  “civil  society?”    In   which  would  you  rather  live  and  why?   b. What  is  the  role  and  responsibility  of  government,  with  respect  to  its  citizens,   according  to  Hobbes,  Locke,  Rousseau,  and  Montesquieu?   c. How  do  Hobbes,  Locke,  Rousseau,  and  Montesquieu  define  liberty?    Which   philosophe’s  definition  of  liberty  do  you  most  agree  with?    Why?   d. What  social  problems  are  shown  in  the  three  Enlightenment  political   cartoons?    What  would  EACH  of  the  4  philosophes  say  about  each  of  the   issues?   e. What  controversial  modern-­‐day  issues  are  shown  in  the  current  political   cartoons?    What  would  EACH  of  the  philosophes  say  about  each  of  the  issues?   f. What  are  the  lasting  effects  of  the  ideas  of  the  Enlightenment  philosophes?     How  do  they  impact  our  thought  today?   4. Use  the  information  in  your  textbook  or  available  online  from  a  reliable  source  to   describe  the  impact  of  Mary  Woolstonecraft  on  the  Enlightenment  period.   5. Summarize  the  legacy  of  the  Enlightenment  period.    Why  was  it  important?   6. Complete  the  Moodle  Writing  Assignment  on  the  Enlightenment  Period  as   homework.    This  may  be  started  in  class  as  soon  as  your  group  finishes  the   evaluation  of  the  Activity  Cards  and  completes  your  Enlightenment  Guide.                                         Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

 

Enlightenment  Guide    

Directions:    Complete  this  guide  as  you  complete  the  tasks  in  this  group  activity.    You  will   need  to  take  as  much  detail  as  possible  on  each  philosophe  to  better  complete  your  notes.    

I. Philosophes  and  their  basic  ideas     Philosophe   Belief  about  the     Belief  on  the     Nature  of  Man   Ideal  Forms  of  Government             Hobbes                   Locke                   Rousseau                   Montesquieu           What  is  the  importance  of  Mary  Wollstonecraft?         What  is  the  legacy  of  the  Enlightenment?         **Don’t  forget  to  complete  the  writing  assignment  on  Moodle  to  complete  this  activity.   Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

  GROUP  Review  Questions:    Complete  these  questions  AS  A  GROUP  in  your  study.     1. What  is  the  difference  between  the  “state  of  nature”  and  “civil  society?”    In  which  would   you  rather  live  and  why?                     2. What  is  the  role  and  responsibility  of  government,  with  respect  to  its  citizens,  according   to  Hobbes,  Locke,  Rousseau,  and  Montesquieu?                     3. How  do  Hobbes,  Locke,  Rousseau,  and  Montesquieu  define  liberty?    Which  philosophe’s   definition  of  liberty  do  you  most  agree  with?    Why?                     4. What  social  problems  are  shown  in  the  three  Enlightenment  political  cartoons?    What   would  EACH  of  the  4  philosophes  say  about  each  of  the  issues?                   Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

5. What  controversial  modern-­‐day  issues  are  shown  in  the  current  political  cartoons?     What  would  EACH  of  the  philosophes  say  about  each  of  the  issues?                   6. What  are  the  lasting  effects  of  the  ideas  of  the  Enlightenment  philosophes?    How  do   they  impact  our  thought  today?                       II. The  Impact  of  Mary  Wollstonecraft  on  the  Enlightenment                         III. The  Legacy  of  the  Enlightenment.    Why  is  it  important?                       **Don’t  forget  to  complete  the  writing  assignment  on  Moodle  to  complete  this  activity.   Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

Introduction  Information  of  the  Enlightenment    

During  the  1700s,  European  philosophes  thought  that  people  should  use   reason  to  free  themselves  from  ignorance  and  superstition.    They  believed   that  people  who  were  “enlightened”  by  reason  could  perfect  themselves  and   society.      As  a  result,  this  period  is  often  called  the  Enlightenment  or  the  Age  of   Reason.    Among  the  most  prominent  of  the  Enlightenment  philosophes  were   Thomas  Hobbes,  John  Locke,  Jean-­‐Jacques  Rousseau,  and  Baron  de   Montesquieu.     The  Enlightenment  may  be  seen  as  a  product  of  the  vast  change  that  took   place  in  Europe  during  the  sixteen  and  seventeenth  centuries,  during  the   Renaissance,  the  Reformation,  and  the  Scientific  Revolution.    These  changes   produced  the  social  values  that  permitted  the  Enlightenment  to  sweep   through  Europe  in  the  late  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries.    The   Enlightenment  had  its  foundation  in  three  new  theories  about  human  beings:   1)  Individualism  stressed  the  importance  of  the  individual  and  his  rights  as  a   citizen;  2)  Relativism  consisted  of  the  concept  that  different  ideas,  cultures,   beliefs,  and  value  systems  had  equal  merit;  3)  Rationalism  was  the  conviction   that  using  the  power  of  reason,  humans  could  arrive  at  truth  and  make   progress  toward  improving  human  life.     During  the  1700s,  Enlightenment  ideas  spread  across  Europe  and  the   Atlantic  to  the  Americas.    Through  books  and  newspapers,  in  coffeehouses  and   at  informal  gatherings,  people  heard  the  call  for  reform.    Some  of  Europe’s   rulers  even  supported  Enlightenment  ideas,  which  others  saw  them  as  a  clear   threat  to  the  absolute  power  they  held.    In  some  nations,  these  “enlightened   monarchs”  ended  serfdom  and  allowed  religious  freedom.    In  the  places   where  the  rulers  were  not  so  accepting  of  change,  the  enlightenment  ideas   would  fuel  the  fire  for  change.                     Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

 

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            Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

 

 

      Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

 

        Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies    

 

        Another  Michele  Luck  Creation!  More  available  at   http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Michele-­‐Lucks-­‐Social-­‐Studies