The Character of those who memorized the Qur an

The Character of those who memorized the Qur’an Compiled by Al-Imām Abu Bakr Muhammed bin Al-Husain Al-Ājurrī (Death 360 After Hijrah) Reviewed by Ba...
9 downloads 0 Views 156KB Size
The Character of those who memorized the Qur’an Compiled by

Al-Imām Abu Bakr Muhammed bin Al-Husain Al-Ājurrī (Death 360 After Hijrah) Reviewed by Bassām Abdul Wahhāb Al-Jābī

Published in Arabic by Dār-ul-Bashāir Al-Islāmiyyah Beirut, Lebanon

Al-Jaffān & Al-Jābī

First Print 1412 A.H. = 1992 C.E. - 100 pages half of A5 in size. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

English Translation by Ustaaz, Ahmed Fazel Ebrahim, Mayfair, Johannesburg, South Africa 2004 -----------------------------------------------------------------

Publishers’ Note In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful Alhamdu lillahi Rabbiel Aalameen - All praise is due to Allah, the Sustainer of all the worlds. May His Salutations and Peace be upon our master, Muhammed Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam and upon his family and companions.

The compiler’s biography His name, title and patronym: Muhammed bin Al-Husain bin Abdullah, Abu Bakr Al-Ājurrī1, Al-Baghdādī2, AshShāfi3, Al-Faqieh4. His birth and death His birth has not been recorded. However, it is stated that his death was at the beginning of the month of Muharram in the year 360 A.H. in Mecca at an age of about eighty. Thus, his birth could be estimated to be in the year 280 A.H. 5 His upbringing He grew up in Baghdad and studied under its Ulema. He remained there till he went for Hajj in the year 330 A.H. He then and therefore remained there till his death. His Sheikhs and students Al-Ājurrī wrote a book titled “Eighty ahadith from eighty Sheikhs.” The title thus tells us that he had a minimum of eighty tutors. A person6 from those who studied his published works have counted 79 Sheikhs. As for his students, there is no doubt about their abundance, especially when we know that he lived, in the last part of his life, around Mecca where the Ulema of the Muslimeen from the East and the West arrive to discharge the rites of pilgrimage and to drink from the knowledge of the Ulema of the Haram and those who neighbour it. His writings I tried to present every title that I came across from his writings. However, those that were mentioned in the introductions of his printed works or which generally exist 1

Ājurr refers to flame baked bricks that are used for building. Abu Bakr is attributed to be from the area known as Darb-ul- Ājurr. It was in the western sector of Baghdad amidst the locations besides the river Tābieq. Numerous scholars lived there. Yāqūt, in his very time described it saying: It is now deserted/destroyed. Mu’jamul Buldān by Yāqūt, and Wafayātul A’yān by Ibn Khalikan 4/293. 2 Who lived in Baghdad 3 Who followed the fiqh of Shafi 4 He was a jurist in Islamic Law 5 This particular work was delivered in the year 345 A.H. So, he must have been about 45 years old at the time. 6 He is Ustāz, Badr Abdullah Al-Badr in the introduction to the Arba’een Al- Ājurriyyah [most likely meaning “40 ahadith by Ājurriyyah”] after having relied upon seven printed works of Ājurrī.

amidst the sources of (our) heritage will be mentioned by me with reference to the source. 1. Ahkaam-un-Nisaa “Laws pertaining to women.” See “Al-fihrist” by Ibn Nadeem. 2. Akhbaar Umar bin Abdul Aziz “Narrations about Umar bin Abdul Aziz.” This work is published with the Tahqeeq of Dr. Abdullah Abdur Raheem Usailaan, Mu’ssasatur Risaalah, Beirut, 1979 C.E. 3. Akhlaaq Ahlul Birr wat Tuqā “The character of those having virtue and piety” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 275. 4. Akhlaaq hamalatul Qur’an wa ahlihi “The Character of those who carry the Qur’an.” It is this work. 5. Akhlaaq-ul-Ulema “The character of the Ulema.” Numerous prints have been done of this work; Cairo 1931 C.E., Damascus 1972 C.E. with the Tahqeeq of Farouk Hamaadah, Riyadh 1978 C.E. with the Tahqeeq of Sheikh Ismail AlAnsāri and in Kuwait with the Tahqeeq of Badr Abdullah Al Badr. 6. Adab-un-Nufoos “The etiquette of the innerselves.” Sezkin/Sazkin/Sazkan7 1/483 7. Arba’oon Al- Ājurriyyah “40 ahadith by Ājurriyyah.” Printed in Kuwait with the Tahqeeq of Badr Abdullah Al-Badr, 1987 C.E. 8. Awsaaf-us_Sab’at-ilel-lazeena yuzilluhumul allah fee zillihi “The characteristics of the seven categories of people whom Allah who shade beneath His shade.” Ājurrī mentions it in the Arba’oon Al- Ājurriyyah on page 126. 9. Baab Zikr-ul-Amr-be-loozoom-iel-Jama’ah-wa-tark-iel-ibtidaah “Chapter: Mention of the order relating to bonding with the Jama’ah and discarding innovations.” Albani mentioned it in the Muntakhib min makhtootaat-ielhadith “Selections from the manuscripts of ahadith.” Available at the Zāhiriyyah Library in Damascus, page 3. 10. Tahreem-ul-Liwaat “Prohibition of sodomy.” Mentioned by Ibn-ul-Qayyim in Raudatul Muhibbeen “Garden of Lovers” page 371. 11. Tahreem-un-Nard wash-Shatranj-wa-Malahi “Prohibition of backgammon, chess and other games that divert (from Allah).” Printed with the Tahqeeq of Umar Gharamah Al-Umoori, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia, 1407 A.H. 12. Tasdeeq bien-Nazar ilallah ta’ala feel Ākhirah wa maa a’adda lee Awliyaa’ihe “Attesting to the viewing of Allah, the Exalted in the Hereafter and that which He has prepared for His Awliyaa (close servants).” Sazkin 1/482 13. Taghyeer-ul-Azminah “Change of eras” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 155, 285. 14. At-Tafarrud wal Uzlah “Being alone and adopting seclusion” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 15. At-Tahajjud wa Fadha’ilu Qiyaam-iel-layl “Salaat-ut-Tahajjud and the merits of standing in salaah during the night.” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285 and Barnaamij At-Tujeebi page 254. 16. At-Taubah “Repentance” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 156, 285.

7

The English transliteration of the Arabic text is not necessarily an exact spelling of the original English word.

17. Thamānoona Hadithan ‘an Thamāneena Shaikhan “Eighty ahadith from eighty Sheikhs.” Al-Ahlaam by Zarkali 6/97. Manuscript in Rabat. 18. Husnul Khuluq “Good Character” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 19. Hikāyāt ‘anish Shāfi wa Ghairihe “Episodes about Imam Shāfi and others.” Sazkin 1/484 20. Rujooh Ibn Abbaas Anees Sarf “Ibn Abbaas’s retraction from Sarf8” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 21. Risālatul-Ājurrī ila Ahlee Baghdaad “Ājurrī’s letter to the people of Baghdad. See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 22. Ash-Shuboohāt “The doubtful matters” See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 23. Sharh Qaseedah Sajistaani [feel Aqeedah] “Commentary to the Qaseedah of Sajistaani [in relation to Islamic beliefs]. See Fahrasah of Ibn Khair, page 285. 24.

The Character of those who memorized the Qur’an and those who are attached to it, as well as the etiquette that they need to adopt The Thiqah9 Sheikh Abu Taalib Abdul Latief bin Muhammed bin Ali bin Hamza bin Faaris Al-Qubbaiti informed us through recital done before him10, while we listened – this happened in few gatherings, one of which was on Sunday the 3rd of Shawwaal in the year 639. He said: Abu Muzaffar Ali bi Ahmed bin Muhammed Al-Karkhi informed us in the month of Zul Qahdah, 560 A.H., (and) he said: Abu Bakr Ahmed bin Ali Al-Turaithithi informed us [ though that which I read on numerous occasions before him from the original texts of that which he heard in Baghdad, (and) he said (implicatively through his original texts of what he heard)

-----------------------------------------Abu Bakr Muhammed bin Al-Husain Al-Ājurrī says: Allah Azza wa Jalla revealed the Qur’an upon his Nabi Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam. He taught him the merit of that which he revealed upon him. He also informed His creation in His Book, and through the tongue of His messenger that the Qur’an is a protection of He who holds firmly to it. It is a means of guidance for him who seeks to be guided by it. It is a means of independence for him who intends to suffice with it. It is a protection form the fire for him 8

I am unsure as to what Sarf would contextually mean. Sarf can refer to barter or currency exchange. I need the original text to decipher the meaning. Ahmed Fazel Ebrahim 9 reliable narrator 10 Reading a work or ahadith before a Sheikh who heard that work or those ahadith from another Sheikh, is considered, in the sciences pertaining to hadith and early Islamic teaching methodology, as a format of informing the student with the details or contents of the work

who follows its teachings. It is a Noor for him who seeks to achieve Noor with it. It is a cure for all that which is within the chests (of people) (in relation to malice, hatred, jealousy, pride and all other vices) and it is guidance and mercy to the Muhmineen (believers). Then, Allah, whose very name is also mighty and lofty, had instructed His creation to believe in Him, act in conformity to His instruction, consider its Halaal matters as Halaal (allowed and permissible), prohibit its Haraam (prohibited matters), believe in its ambiguous aspects, seek admonition from its parables and that they all say: We believe in it. Everything is from our Sustainer. He then promised them, for reading it and practising upon it, to be saved from the Fire (of Hell) and to achieve entry into Jannah (paradise). He then called upon His creation, when they read His Book, to deeply reflect upon it and ponder into it with their hearts (i.e. with belief) and that they also attentively listen to it whenever they listen to it. He then promised them with a grand reward for that. Thus, praise be unto Him. He then informed His creation that those who read it in order to conduct a trade with His Noble Master (Allah), that He would grant him such profit beyond which no other profit is sought and would make Him aware of [the Barakah – blessings] of such a trade in the world and the Hereafter. [Abu Bakr] Muhammed bin Al-Husain says: All that which I mentioned and will mention, Insha-Allah (If Allah wills) would be from the Book of Allah Azza wa Jalla, the sunnah of His messenger Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam, the sayings of his companions Radhiyallahu Anhum and the rest of the Ulema. I will mention that which I remember Insha-Allahu Ta’ala. Allah is the giver of capability towards that. Allahu Ta’ala says: Surely those who read Allah’s Book; establish Salaah and spend of that which We have granted them in secrecy and openly, they seek a trade that will never have loss in order that He fully grant them their rewards and give them increase from His grace. Indeed, He is Very Forgiving, Very thankful. (Surah Fatir 35: verses 29-30) Allah Azza wa Jalla says: Verily this Qur’an guides to that which is Most correct, and convey glad tidings to the believers who do good deeds that they will have a large reward. As for those who do not believe in the Hereafter, We have prepared a painful punishment for them. (Surah Israh 17: verses 9-10) Allah Azza wa Jalla says: And We reveal from the (complete) Qur’an (which is with Allah) that which is a cure and mercy for the believers. It does not increase the oppressors except in (further) loss. (Surah Israh 17: verse 82)

The virtue of those who memorized the Qur’an

Index The compiler’s biography The Character of those who memorized the Qur’an and those who are attached to it, as well as the etiquette that they need to adopt The virtue of those who memorized the Qur’an

We intend to translate the above work This sample was provided for your perusal