TFY 4170 - Fysikk 2


Forelesning 17: Atomic physics The quantum mechanical one-electron atom. The Zeeman effect, electron spin. Mansfield & O’Sullivan: 19.7,19.9,19.10,19.11

Atomic physics ! ! ! ! ! !

Atomic models. Atomic spectra. Bohr’s postulates. Bohr’s atomic theory. Quantum mechanical one-electron atom. Spin.

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Zeeman effect. Electron spin. Pauli-principle. Many electron systems. Periodic system. Atoms with many electrons.

Repetisjon: Ett-elektronatomet Repetition: The one-electron atom Repetisjon: Ett-elektronatomet

Tidsuavhengig Schrødingerligning Time independent Schrødinger equation dsuavhengig Schrødingerligning 2

! 2 2 ! " ! 2m2 ! (r, ! , " ) +U(r)! (r, ! , " ) = E! (r, ! , " ), ! " ! (r, ! , " ) +U(r)! (r, ! , " ) = E! (r, ! , " ), 2m

Løsning Solution sning

! n,l,ml (r, ! , " ) = Rn,l (r)!l,ml (! )" ml (! ) ! n,l,ml (r, ! , "2) = Rn,l (r)!l,ml (! )" ml (! ) Z E En =Z#2 E 2 0 En = # 2 0n n

2 Ze U(r) = Ze !2 U(r) = ! 4!" 0 r 4!" 0 r

(se lærebok tabell 20.1) (se lærebok tabell 20.1) (Hydrogen: Z=1) (Hydrogen: Z=1) (Hydrogen: Z=1)

Kvantetallene Quantum numbers vantetallene • Hovedkvantetallet n=1,2,3,... (energi) • Principal quantum number n=1,2,3,... (energy) • Hovedkvantetallet n=1,2,3,... (energi) • Banespinnkvantetallet l