Textile Recycling Fact Sheet You and your students are probably used to recycling aluminum, paper, glass, and other items. But did you know that clothing and other textiles can be recycled too? Here are some textile recycling facts to share with your class:
The basics The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the average person throws away 70 pounds of clothing per year. That adds up to 3.8 billion pounds of unnecessary waste added to our landfills. Clothing and household textiles currently make up 5.2% of the waste in landfills.
A textile is any item made from cloth or an artificial fabric like vinyl. Textiles are used for clothing, linens, bedding, upholstery, curtains, carpets, and other items. Any textile item, even if it’s worn, torn, or stained, can be recycled. You can even recycle a single shoe! Items simply need to be clean and dry. Recycling clothing and textiles decreases the use of natural resources, such as water used in growing crops and petroleum used in creating new clothing and textiles. It also decreases the need for chemicals used in manufacturing new textiles and the pollution caused by the manufacturing process. How are recycled textiles used? Resold at charities’ secondhand clothing stores Sent to developing countries Turned into wiping cloths, which are used in a variety of industries and businesses (everything from manufacturers to repair shops, construction industries, stores, and maintenance and custodial departments) Processed back into fibers and turned into paper, yarn, insulation, carpet padding, and other items Where can clothing and textiles be recycled? If your town doesn’t accept textiles with other recyclables, donate your items to a local recycling center or charity. Nearly 100% of donated items are recycled. The recycling center or charity will determine which items are usable as clothing, which can be sold and turned into wiping rags, and which can be sold and processed back into fibers to make new products. Charities and recyclers generate revenue for their programs, and textiles get a second (or third or fourth) life. To locate a donation center near you, visit www.smartasn.org.
© 2012 Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles Association. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
More Textile Recycling Facts What are specific textiles recycled into? Here are a few examples:
Stuffed toys and pillows become car seat stuffing and automobile insulation. T-shirts, sheets, towels, and clothing become wiping cloths. Denim becomes home insulation. Shoe soles become paving material. Sweaters and coats become carpet padding. Curtains and drapes become stuffing for pillows, sleeping bags, and animal beds. Wool sweaters and materials become baseball and softball filling. Velvet materials become jewelry box lining. Leftover fabric scraps become paper money.
Additional resources
Something From Nothing by Phoebe Gilman (Scholastic, 1992); geared for students from preschool to grade 3, this adaptation of a Yiddish folktale follows a piece of fabric as it goes from a baby blanket to a jacket to a vest to a tie, and so on. The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy by Pietra Rivoli (John Wiley, 2005); good source of background information about what happens to used clothing. Salaula: The World of Secondhand Clothing and Zambia by Karen Tranberg Hansen (University of Chicago Press, 2000); good source of information about the used clothing industry in Africa.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
donate recycle
don’t throw away The average U.S. citizen throws away lbs. of clothing each year
70 95
%
of textiles WORN OR TORN can be recycled
85%
[70 lbs. per person] goes to our landfills
15%
yet only gets donated or recycled That amount is equal to
21 BILLION LBS. or 260,000 truckloads
SMART members recycle
3.8 BILLION LBS. of textiles each year
THRIFT STORE
$100
MILLION
Amount of funding generated for charities from second-hand clothing sales
the secret double life of
donated textiles
100
%
NEARLY OF DONATED TEXTILES ARE RECYCLED! They are separated into three grades:
45%
20%
USABLE CLOTHING
FIBER CONVERSION GRADE
30%
WIPING CLOTH GRADE
Recycled cloth rags use LESS WATER, LESS ENERGY and create a LOWER CARBON FOOTPRINT than all other alternatives.
Recycled fiber products SAVE MONEY and RESOURCES by using existing materials.
CLOSING THE LOOP The second hand clothing market provides AFFORDABLE CLOTHING to those in need and ENCOURAGES GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP.
SECOND LIFE ... stained t-shirt
wiping cloth
lone sock
pillow stuffing
old denim teddy bear
household insulation car seat stuffing
torn bath towel
wiping cloth
why recycle
textiles?
CLOTHING AND TEXTILE RECYCLING HAS MAJOR IMPACT ON REDUCING GREENHOUSE GASSES
2 million tons of textiles are recycled each year in the U.S.
That is equivalent to removing
1 MILLION CARS from America’s highways HOW DOES THIS COMPARE TO OTHER RECYCLABLES?
RECYCLED YARD TRIMMINGS
GLASS RECYCLING
PLASTIC RECYCLING
ALUMINUM RECYCLING
170,000
210,000
640,000
1.3 million
CARS REMOVED
CARS REMOVED
CARS REMOVED
CARS REMOVED
GO FIGURE
DONATE, RECYCLE, DON’T THROW AWAY!
According to the EPA, textile recycling has a major impact on reducing greenhouse gasses. And yet ... clothing is not typically considered a recyclable. While 2 million tons are recycled each year, there is a long, long way to go!
Amount of funding generated for charities from second-hand clothing sales
Dear Family, An important part of teaching children responsibility involves demonstrating how to take care of different types of resources. At school, that might involve treating books with care or using the back of a sheet of paper. At home, that might mean being careful not to stain or tear new clothes or recycling glass and aluminum. Using what we have, and using it wisely, makes sense! We’ve been learning about a different type of recycling in our class: recycling clothing and other textiles. Did you know that the average person throws away 70 pounds of clothing per year—and that 95% of textiles (even those that are worn, torn, or stained!) can be recycled? It’s true! When you donate your old clothes, linens, and other textile items, they’re reused in many ways: Resold through charities’ secondhand clothing stores Sent to developing countries Turned into wiping rags, which are used in many industries Processed back into fibers and turned into home insulation, carpet padding, stuffing for pillows, yarn, paving materials, and money You can even donate a single shoe or mismatched socks! The soles of shoes are used to make paving materials, and socks become stuffing for pillows, sleeping bags, and animal beds. Clothing and textile items simply need to be clean and dry to be recycled. Right now, 21 billion pounds of textiles end up in landfills annually. But they don’t have to. By teaching our children to donate and recycle textiles, we’ll be teaching them to be responsible citizens. And that’s what we want for all our children! To learn more about textile recycling or to find a donation center near you, visit www.smartasn.org.
(teacher’s signature)
Activities to do at home: Challenge your child to point out charity drop-off boxes around town. Keep track of how many you can spot in a day or a week. Also keep track of any postcards or flyers that you receive advertising charity pickups for clothing donations. Choose one portion of a closet or drawer to clean out each Saturday morning. Keep the task small and manageable; spend 15 minutes or so. Gather the items to donate in a bag or box; then, once it’s full, drop off the donation. Write a letter to your city manager requesting that textiles be included with other recyclables available for drop-off at the recycling center or for curbside pickup. Encourage children to share what they’ve learned about textile recycling with family and friends. Many people don’t realize how many textiles end up in landfills unnecessarily. Family and friends will appreciate the information! Share the book Something From Nothing, by Phoebe Gilman, which follows a piece of fabric as it goes from being a baby blanket to a jacket to a vest to a tie, and so on.
© 2012 Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles Association. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Hooray for Hand-Me-Downs! Addition to 100, word problems involving money Ask your students if they’re familiar with the term “hand-me-down.” Explain that a hand-me-down is an item that one person uses and then gives to another to use. For example, an older child might outgrow a coat, but the family saves it for a younger child to wear later. When that child is done with it, the coat might be passed to a friend or donated to a charity. Passing on items saves money for families and keeps textiles out of landfills. Reinforce this cost-saving message and give students practice working with word problems and money at a math center. Print the clothing patterns and word problem cards (scroll down). Invite volunteers to decorate the clothing patterns and cut them out. Place the completed clothing patterns in one envelope and the word problem cards in a second envelope. Explain to students that as they visit the center, they’ll randomly select a word problem card from the envelope and then the required number of clothing items from the other envelope. Next, they’ll work the math problem on scrap paper, being sure to include dollar and cents symbols as needed. As a follow-up, discuss with students how, when they selected the “free” hand-me-downs from the envelope, their money went further. Math practice and recycling really add up! Teacher tip: As students’ math skills improve, change the price tags to reflect higher amounts. Or challenge students to write their own word problem cards to add to the center! 5¢
TY
2009
GO
GO
D WE TR
U
ST
IN
STATES OF
ED
TY
2009
GO
Liberty
GO
LIBERTY
P
TY
GO
GO
D WE TR
U
ST
IN
STATES OF
ED
TY
2009
GO
Liberty
'%&%
30¢
P
Ndj]VkZ&f jVgiZg!+Y^bZ er, LLC h!( design by The Education Cent c^X`Zah!Vc Y-eZcc^Zh# Text and Textiles. E^X`dcZ^iZb rials and Recycled # ndary Mate RT: Seco 9dndj ]VkZZcdj\] bdcZnid Wjn^i4
C2012 SMA
GO
GO
D WE TR
U
ST
IN
IT
ED
STATES OF
A
TY
IN GOD WE TRUST
2009
IN
IN GOD WE TRUST
GO
R
Liberty
T RU ST
T E R D O LL A
WE
Q
UA R
GO
D WE TR U
D
P
ST
LIBERTY
2010
CA
'%&%
ER I
T RU S T
LIBERTY
M
WE
Q
Liberty
IN
2009
R
LIBER
TY
IN GOD WE TRUST
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
T E R D O LL A
D WE TR U
LIBERTY
2010
50¢
UN
CA
UA R
IN
A
ER I
LIBERTY
LIBER
STATES OF
UN
ED
M
IT
Ndj]VkZ'f jVgiZgh!(Y^b Zh!& c^X`Za!VcY )eZcc^Zh# E^X`dcZ^iZb # 9dndj]VkZ Zcdj\]bd cZnid Wjn^i4
GO
ST
IN
R
T RU S T
T E R D O LL A
WE
Q
UA R
D
P
IN GOD WE TRUST
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
2010
A
CA
'%&%
ER I
T RU ST
LIBERTY
M
WE
IT
D
Liberty
IN
2009
R
LIBER
CA
IN GOD WE TRUST
IN GOD WE TRUST
T E R D O LL A
.25 .10 .10 .51 + .06 - .30 $ .51 $ .21
Ndj]VkZ'f jVgiZgh!'Y^b Zh!& c^X`Za!VcY 'eZcc^Zh# E^X`dcZ^iZb # 9dndj]VkZ Zcdj\]bd cZnid Wjn^i4
UN
UN
ER I
Q
UA R
IN
LIBER
A
M
IT
STATES OF
ED
LIBERTY
2¢
U
25¢ '%&%
2010
Ndj]VkZ&f jVgiZg!(Y^bZ h!' c^X`Zah!Vc YE^X`dcZ^iZb eZcc^Zh# # 9dndj]VkZ Zcdj\]bd cZnid Wjn^i4
D WE TR
ST
IN
R
T RU S T
T E R D O LL A
WE
Q
UA R
D
P
IN GOD WE TRUST
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
2010
A
CA
'%&%
ER I
T RU S T
LIBERTY
M
WE
Liberty
IT
D
T E R D O LL
IN
CA
IN GOD WE TRUST
AR
UN
UN
ER I
Q
UA R
1
Ndj]VkZ&f jVgiZg!'Y^bZ h!VcY +eZcc^Zh# E^X`dcZ^iZb # 9dndj]VkZ Zcdj\]bd cZnid Wjn^i4
LIBER
A
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
IN
LIBER
STATES OF
ED
M
IT
Ndj]VkZ&f jVgiZg!&Y^bZ 1¢ !VcY& eZccn# E^X`dcZ^iZb # 9dndj]VkZ Zcdj\]bd cZn id Wjn^i4
LIBERTY
'%&%
2010 P
C2012 SMAR T: Secondary
Materials and
Recycled Textile
s. Text and
design by The
Education
Center, LLC
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
1¢
5¢
2¢
25¢
50¢
30¢
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
8¢
Free!
9¢
16¢
45¢
Free!
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Free!
10¢
22¢
20¢
Free!
21¢
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
11¢
15¢
40¢
12¢
25¢
35¢
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
2010
T E R D O LL
A
A
R
T E R D O LL
IN
LIBER
T
UA R
IN G O
LL A
TER D O
OD
IN
2009
WE TR
US
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
R
IN
TE
U NI
T
LIBER
'%&%
G IN GOD WE TRUST
RU S T E T
R
'%&%
T
TE
LIBERTY
Y
W
LIBERTY
Q
RU S T E T
2010
D
ICA
U NI
US
ER
W
ICA
Liberty P
WE TR
TES O F STA A
M
ER
Q
TER D O
OD
T
M
LL A
D
You have 1 quarter, 6 dimes, 3 nickels, and 8 pennies. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
G IN G O
US
2010
Y
2009
WE TR
P
You have 2 quarters, 3 dimes, 1 nickel, and 4 pennies. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
IN GOD WE TRUST
OD
Liberty
P
D
IN
LIBER
T
U NI
IN
UA R
IN G O
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
2010
2009
RU S T E T
'%&%
G IN GOD WE TRUST
W
R
TE
LIBER
T
TE
TES O F STA A
T
D
Q
RU S T E T
LIBERTY
Liberty
TES O F STA A
'%&%
Y
ICA
U NI
US
ER
W
ICA
A
WE TR
M
ER
Q
T E R D O LL
OD
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
IN G O
LIBERTY
You have 2 quarters, 2 dimes, 1 nickel, and 2 pennies. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
T
M
G 2009
US
D
2010
Y
IN GOD WE TRUST
WE TR
P
You have 1 quarter, 3 dimes, 2 nickels, and 8 pennies. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
TES O F STA A
OD
Liberty
P
D
IN G O
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
Liberty
2009
R
'%&%
G IN GOD WE TRUST
RU S T E T
LIBERTY
LIBER
T
TE
U NI
IN
TES O F STA A
T
D
W
R
US
Q
RU S T E T
A
WE TR
Y
ICA
W
ICA
Q
T E R D O LL
OD
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
IN G O
ER
2009
M
G IN GOD WE TRUST
ER
U NI
Y
LIBER
TES O F STA A
You have 1 quarter, 2 dimes, and 6 pennies. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
T
D
M
TE
T
You have 1 quarter, 1 dime, and 1 penny. Pick one item. Do you have enough money to buy it?
LIBERTY
'%&%
Liberty 2010 P
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
2010
T E R D O LL
A
R
TER D O
IN
LIBER
T
R
LL A
TER D O
OD
IN
TE
IN
IN G O
WE TR
US
D
RU S T E T
R
U NI
LIBER
T
TE
U NI
2009
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
G IN GOD WE TRUST
W
'%&%
ICA
LIBERTY
Y
T
D
Q
RU S T E T
P
S
TES O F STA A
ER
W
ICA
Liberty 2010
'%&%
2010
M
ER
Q
TER D O
WE TR U OD
T
M
LL A
LIBERTY
You have 1 quarter, 2 dimes, 4 nickels, and 6 pennies. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
G IN G O
US
Liberty
Y
2009
WE TR
P
You have 2 quarters, 3 nickels, and 4 pennies. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
IN GOD WE TRUST
IN
LIBER
T
TE
IN
U NI
T
TE
LIBER
R
LL A
OD
D
RU S T E T
UA R
IN G O
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
2010
2009
W
'%&%
G IN GOD WE TRUST
P
D
'%&%
T
D
Q
RU S T E T
LIBERTY
Liberty
TES O F STA A
LIBERTY
Y
ICA
U NI
US
ER
W
ICA
Q
TER D O
WE TR
TES O F STA A
M
ER
LL A
OD
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
IN G O
D
You have 3 quarters, 1 dime, and 4 pennies. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
T
M
G 2009
US
2010
Y
IN GOD WE TRUST
WE TR
P
You have 3 quarters and 2 pennies. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
D
OD
Liberty
P
TES O F STA A
IN G O
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
Liberty
2009
R
'%&%
LIBER
T
U NI
IN LIBERTY
G IN GOD WE TRUST
RU S T E T
R
TES O F STA A
T
D
W
U NI
US
Q
RU S T E T
A
WE TR
Y
ICA
W
ICA
Q
T E R D O LL
OD
D
IN GOD WE TRUST
LIBERTY
UA R
IN G O
ER
ER
2009
M
G IN GOD WE TRUST
TE
LIBER
TES O F STA A
You have 1 quarter, 2 dimes, and 2 pennies. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
Y
T
D
M
TE
T
You have 1 quarter, 4 dimes, and 1 penny. Pick two items. Do you have enough money to buy them?
LIBERTY
'%&%
Liberty 2010 P
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Name _____________________________________
Solving word problems K.OA.A.2; 1.OA.A.1
Let’s Recycle!
Solve. A. You have 5 pounds of old clothes. Your friend has 2 pounds of old clothes. How many pounds do you have in all?
_________________ pounds
C. You find 4 pairs of old jeans to recycle. Your friend finds 2 pairs of old jeans to recycle. How many more pairs of jeans do you find?
B. Your brother has 7 pounds of old clothes. You have 3 pounds of old clothes. How many pounds do you and your brother have in all?
_________________ pairs of jeans
_________________ pounds
D. Your family recycles 6 pounds of towels and 3 pounds of stuffed toys. How many pounds does your family recycle in all?
_________________ pounds
E. Your sister finds 8 t-shirts to recycle. You find 1 t-shirt. How many more t-shirts does your sister find than you?
F. Your friend recycles 5 pounds of clothes. You recycle 3 pounds of clothes. How many pounds of clothes do you and your friend recycle in all?
_________________ t-shirts
_________________ pounds
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Note to the teacher: For younger students, provide ten counters so children can model each problem. Encourage students to collect textiles for recycling as a possible fundraiser for your school. To find a local textile recycler near you, go to smartasn.org.
Answer Key “Let’s Recycle!” A. 7 B. 10 C. 2 D. 9 E. 7 F. 8
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Pound by Pound Reading and writing numbers in base-ten numerals and expanded form (2.NBT.A.3) Steps: 1. Write textile on the board and read it to students. Ask them to tell what they think the word means; then explain that a textile is any item made from cloth or an artificial cloth, like plastic sheeting. 2. Ask students to brainstorm a list of items they recycle at home or school as you write their responses on the board. Then explain that textiles can be recycled too and that some schools participate in textile recycling fundraisers to earn money for their schools. Explain that students at these schools donate used textiles, bundle them together, and then take them to a local textile recycling center. Many textile recyclers will even pay schools per pound of discarded clothing and textiles collected. 3. Cut apart a copy of the cards below and place them at a center along with paper and pencils. 4. Explain to students that the cards are labeled with sentences about school textile-recycling fundraisers. Then go over these center instructions with students: a. Choose a card and read it. Notice the number name that is used in the sentence. b. On your paper, use base-ten numerals to write the numeral form of the number name. c. Next, write the expanded form of the number. lected School col Park Street d thirty-two eight hundre textiles for pounds of recycling.
d. Repeat the process with the remaining cards. four l collected Smith Schoo ven pounds -se hundred fifty . ing ycl rec for of textiles
ing l c y c Re
R an g e r s T ip
1. Collins Aca demy 579 500 + 70 +9
nine l collected of Mill Schoo teen pounds hundred six recycling. textiles for
my collected Miggs Acade ninetyd three hundre textiles for of one pounds recycling.
ted hool collec Banner Sc n d sixty-seve two hundre textiles for pounds of recycling.
lected mentary col Brown Ele d forty-two six hundre textiles for pounds of recycling.
Elementary Henry Ford d ee hundre collected thr pounds of eighty-three recycling. textiles for
lected ademy col Collins Ac d seventyfive hundre for of textiles nine pounds recycling.
my collected Leap Acade d seventyone hundre for of textiles eight pounds recycling.
Elementary Jefferson hundred collected two of e pounds twenty-nin recycling. textiles for
Elementary tyWellsville hundred six collected five textiles for of five pounds
l collected Dear Schoo dred eighty seven hun for of textiles four pounds recycling.
recycling.
RT: Secondary
©2013 SMA
Materials and
les. Text and
Recycled Texti
design by The
r, LLC
Education Cente
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key “Pound by Pound” Smith School: 457; 400 + 50 + 7 Park Street School: 832; 800 + 30 + 2 Miggs Academy: 391; 300 + 90 + 1 Mill School: 916; 900 + 10 + 6 Brown Elementary: 642; 600 + 40 + 2 Banner School: 267; 200 + 60 + 7 Collins Academy: 579; 500 + 70 + 9 Henry Ford Elementary: 383; 300 + 80 + 3 Jefferson Elementary: 229; 200 + 20 + 9 Leap Academy: 178; 100 + 70 + 8 Dear School: 784; 700 + 80 + 4 Wellsville Elementary: 565; 500 + 60 + 5
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Smith School collected four hundred fifty-seven pounds of textiles for recycling.
Park Street School collected eight hundred thirty-two pounds of textiles for recycling.
Miggs Academy collected three hundred ninetyone pounds of textiles for recycling.
Mill School collected nine hundred sixteen pounds of textiles for recycling.
Brown Elementary collected six hundred forty-two pounds of textiles for recycling.
Banner School collected two hundred sixty-seven pounds of textiles for recycling.
Collins Academy collected five hundred seventynine pounds of textiles for recycling.
Henry Ford Elementary collected three hundred eighty-three pounds of textiles for recycling.
Jefferson Elementary collected two hundred twenty-nine pounds of textiles for recycling.
Leap Academy collected one hundred seventyeight pounds of textiles for recycling.
Dear School collected seven hundred eightyfour pounds of textiles for recycling.
Wellsville Elementary collected five hundred sixtyfive pounds of textiles for recycling.
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Textile: A textile is any item made from cloth or an artificial fabric like vinyl. Textiles are used for clothing, linens, bedding, upholstery, curtains, carpets, and other items.
Ready to Recycle! Vocabulary Help students gain a real-life understanding of the word recycle. To begin, ask each student to write or dictate a definition of recycle. After sharing several definitions, read the definition shown. Encourage students to give examples that describe each part of the definition. For example, when stained T-shirts are recycled, they are given a new purpose as rags for cleaning, wiping, and polishing. When a wool sweater is recycled, it is turned into carpet padding. Share other examples of clothing and textile recycling as listed on the Textile Recycling Fact sheet or in the box below. After the class discussion, have each student divide a sheet of paper in half. On each half of the paper, have her write about a different aspect of the word recycle, encouraging students to think about clothing and textiles as well as other recyclables. Instruct students to give several examples of why the materials are well-suited for their new purpose and add illustrations. Display the finished products along with the title “Recycling in Many Ways!” Teacher tip: Schedule a clothing drive at your school. Contact local charities to arrange pickup for the items collected, or contact SMART for a textile recycler near you that can make a donation to your school in exchange for the textiles you collect! Visit www.smartasn.org to find textile recycling options in your area.
Recycle: to pass through a series of changes; to put through a change to use again; to adapt to a new use
I can recycl e this old st uffed animal will be chan . It ged so it ca n be used as stuffing. Stuf car seat fed animals are fluffy an they make co d soft, so mfortable se ats.
What are specific textiles recycled into? Here are a few examples:
Stuffed toys and pillows become car seat stuffing and automobile insulation T-shirts, sheets, towels, and clothing become wiping rags Denim becomes home insulation Shoe soles become paving material Sweaters and coats become carpet padding Curtains and drapes become stuffing for pillows, sleeping bags, and animal beds Wool sweaters and materials become baseball and softball filling Velvet materials become jewelry box lining Scraps from clothing manufacturers become money
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Reading informational text
Name ________________________
RI.1.1
Ready to Reuse Read.
© Can Stock Photo Inc. / gemenacom
Do you toss your old clothes in the trash? You do not have to dump them! Old clothes can be made into other things. Even clothes with stains or tears can be useful. Old shirts can be made into wiping cloths. Jeans and sweaters can be reused. So give your old clothes to a recycling center. Do not throw them away. They can be useful again! Read each sentence. Color the true or false box. 1. You should throw old clothes in the trash.
true
false
2. Clothes with stains cannot be used again.
true
false
3. Old shirts can become wiping cloths.
true
false
4. Jeans can be reused.
true
false
5. Clothes with rips can be reused.
true
false
6. Sweaters cannot be reused.
true
false
7. You should donate old clothes.
true
false
8. Old clothes can be made into other things.
true
false
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Note to the teacher: Students love to stump their parents! Give students an extra copy of this page to take home. Have them ask their parents the questions first and then read the passage together. Students will enjoy correcting their parents’ work—and teaching them about the importance of textile recycling!
Answer Key “Ready to Reuse” 1. false 2. false 3. true 4. true 5. true 6. false 7. true 8. true
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Name
Don’t Throw It Away!
Matching informational text to pictures
Clothing and other textiles should never be thrown away! When you throw something away, it ends up in a landfill. One way to help is to donate or recycle old clothing. Look at each picture. Cut. Read. Glue the matching caption. T h r if t Store
Donation Box
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Donate old clothes.
Recycle old stuffed animals. They can be used for car seat stuffing.
Torn clothes can be made into rags.
You can even donate stained clothes.
Give clothes that don’t fit to a friend.
Never throw clothes away.
Note to the teacher: Terms such as textile, landfill, donate, and recycle may be unfamiliar to younger students. If desired, display this page using your interactive whiteboard or computer projector and complete it as a group. Or divide students into small groups and complete the page together.
Answer Key Too Much Trash! T h r if t Store
Donation Box
Never throw clothes away.
Donate old clothes.
You can even donate stained clothes.
Recycle old stuffed animals. They can be used for car seat stuffing.
Torn clothes can be made into rags.
Give clothes that don’t fit to a friend.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Name
Comparing numbers
Too Much Trash! In the United States, each person throws away about 70 pounds of clothing and textiles each year. Those items take up space in landfills. You can help by donating or recycling clothes, shoes, towels, sheets, stuffed animals, and other household textile items. < — less than > — greater than = — equal to
Write , or =.
1.
42
63
5.
64
95
2.
50
32
6.
100
80
3.
98
98
7.
39
93
4.
87
78
8.
29
72
Write a number to make each number sentence true. 9. 34 > _______
10. _______ < 94
11. _______ > 69
12. 48 < ______
Bonus: Each number is the amount of clothing in the box in pounds. Color each box with less than 70 pounds.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key Too Much Trash! 1. < 2. > 3. = 4. > 5. < 6. > 7. < 8. < 9–12. Answers will vary. Bonus: Boxes with the following numbers should be colored:42, 63, 50, 32, 64, 39, and 29
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Recycling Is “T-rific”! Opinion writing (W.K.1; W.1.1; W.2.1) Steps:
From Old to New!
1. To begin, share with students that the average US citizen throws away 70 pounds of clothing each year. Explain that even if that clothing is worn, stained, or torn, it can be recycled.
• A stained t-shirt can become a wiping cloth. • A sock can be made into stuffing for a pillow. • Old jeans can be made into household insulation. • Unwanted stuffed toys can be used to make car seat stuffing. • A torn bath towel can be made into a wiping cloth.
2. Lead students in discussing why they think people throw away their old clothes instead of recycling or donating them. List their reasons on the board. 3. Tell students that nearly all donated textiles are recycled. Explain that these textiles can be reused as clothing or used to make other items. 4. Point out that recycled fiber products can save money and resources because they are made using existing materials. Share with students the list of items shown that can be given a second life if recycled.
5. Have students brainstorm why textile recycling is important as you list their ideas on the board. Make sure to point out the following reasons textile recycling is important: •
It reduces the amount of waste in landfills.
•
When you recycle textiles, manufacturers don’t need to make as many new textiles. This cuts down on pollution caused by manufacturing.
6. Give each student a t-shirt pattern. Direct him to write on the t-shirt to tell why he thinks textile recycling is important. (If desired, lead younger students in small groups.) Encourage each child to state his opinion, give at least one reason to support it, and write a concluding statement. Have the child cut out his pattern and outline it with crayons or markers. 7. Invite each child or group to share the completed writing piece with the class. Then display the finished t-shirts so that others in the school can learn more about the importance of textile recycling.
Recyc
l i n g R an g e r s Ti p
Ethan_________
Name _____ ______
_________
______
______It___is___im ___po ______ rt___an ___t ________ ______ to ___cy re ______ cl___ e ___ te___ xt___ile___s._____ ______ Re cy___cl___in___g___ke___ep ______ s ___ ______ te xt___ile___s___o___ut___o___f___ _____ ________ la ___nd ______ fil___ ls___ . It___ca ______ n___al___ so_____ sa ______ ve___mo ______ ne ___y ___an ______ d ___ ma___ke __ th ______ e ___ ai___ r ___ clea ______ ne___r.___It___is _____ im ______ po___rt___an ______ t fo ______ r ___ our ________ ea ______ rt___h___to ______ re___cy___cl___e________ te xt___ile___s!_________ ______ _________ _____
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
T-Shirt Pattern
Name ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Tip: If desired, have kindergarten students dictate their opinions instead of writing them. Or mask the lines on the t-shirt pattern before making copies and have students illustrate their ideas instead.
Name
Fact or opinion
Be Smart About Textile Recycling! Check the box to show whether each sentence is a fact or an opinion. Underline the key words that helped you.
Fact Opinion
1. Worn, torn, or stained textiles can be recycled. 2. The average US citizen throws away 70 pounds of clothing each year. 3. Rags made from old T-shirts are fun to use for cleaning, wiping, and polishing. 4. Every year, 21 billion pounds of textiles go to our landfills. 5. Clothing items that are donated to charities should make people happy. 6. You will get a good night’s sleep if your pillow is stuffed with pieces from mismatched socks. 7. Fibers from old jeans are used to make home insulation. 8. Torn bath towels are used to make wiping cloths. 9. Recycling clothing and textiles is the best thing to do for our planet. 10. Old stuffed animals make the most comfortable stuffing for automotive seats. 11. Wool sweaters are itchy, but they make good carpet padding. 12. Ninety-five percent of textiles can be reused or recycled. 13. Landfills are too large and too smelly. 14. Charities make over $100 million by reselling clothing or selling textiles to be recycled into wiping rags, carpet padding, and insulation. 15. Everyone is excited to donate or recycle clothing instead of throwing it away. Bonus: On the back of your paper, rewrite the opinion sentences to be facts.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key Be Smart About Textile Recycling! 1. fact 2. fact 3. opinion 4. fact 5. opinion 6. opinion 7. fact 8. fact 9. opinion 10. opinion 11. opinion 12. fact 13. opinion 14. fact 15. opinion Bonus: Answers will vary.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Let’s Talk Textiles! Writing dialogue (W.3.3b; W.4.3b; W.5.3b) 1. Discuss with the class the importance of textile recycling. Ask questions, such as the ones below, listing responses on the board. • What do you do with clothes when you outgrow them? (donate them, throw them away, use them as cleaning rags, save them for a younger sibling, etc.) • Where do clothes go if you throw them away? (to a landfill) • What are textiles? (Textiles are any items made from woven or non-woven cloth or artificial fabrics, like vinyl.)
© Can Stock Photo Inc. / gemenacom
• What is textile recycling? Why is it important? (Textile recycling is the reusing or reprocessing of used clothing, fibrous material, and clothing scraps. It’s important because old clothing fills up landfills, increases the use of natural resources, increases the need for chemicals used in manufacturing new textiles, and increases pollution caused by the manufacturing of new textiles.) 2. Introduce the concept of textile recycling centers. Explain that nearly 100% of items donated to these centers are recycled. Further point out that damaged clothing can be recycled into wiping rags, carpet padding, insulation, and more. Families can also donate textiles to charities’ secondhand stores, such as Goodwill or The Salvation Army, instead of throwing them away. 3. As a class, brainstorm a list of textiles that students might find in their homes that can be recycled. Examples could include but are not limited to shower curtains, rugs, towels, clothes, shoes, etc. 4. Next, have each student choose one item from the list brainstormed in Step 3. Direct the student to pretend that he and the item—which a parent has decided needs to be thrown away—are discussing how to convince the parent to recycle the item instead. Encourage students to include facts from the discussion to support reasons for recycling the textile and to use correct punctuation and capitalization in the conversation. 5. Provide time for students to share their conversations in groups or as a class. Then bind them together in a class book titled “It’s Smart to Recycle Textiles!” Share the book with other classes on your grade level or hall and encourage students to check it out of your class library to take home and share.
R e c y c l i n g R an g e r s Ti p
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Name
Reading informational text (RI.5.1–2, 4)
It Makes Sense to Recycle! Read the article.
Did you know that textiles can be recycled? Textiles are items made from cloth or artificial fabrics like vinyl. The average person throws away about 70 pounds of clothing a year. How much textile trash is that? It’s a whopping 21 billion pounds of waste. Clothes that are not recycled end up in landfills. They can take hundreds of years to break © Can Stock Photo Inc. / 4774344sean down, or decompose. Some of these trashed textiles may release harmful substances into the soil and water. What happens when textiles are recycled? Recycling textiles reduces the use of natural resources. For example, fewer natural resources like water and petroleum are used to create new clothing and textiles. Another benefit is that fewer chemicals are needed when we recycle textiles instead of manufacturing new ones. Plus recycling textiles decreases pollution caused by manufacturing new clothes. In fact, the 2 million tons of textiles that are recycled each year in the US are equivalent to removing 1 million cars from America’s highways! Textiles can be recycled in many ways. You can donate used clothing to a charity. These clothes are then sold or sent to other countries that can use them. Even old towels, stained clothing, and torn textiles can be recycled. So donate your items to a recycling center or charity. When you recycle textiles, you get a cleaner, greener Earth in return! Write your answers on another sheet of paper. Use evidence from the text to support your answers. 1. According to the text, what does the term textile mean? 2. How many pounds of clothing does the average person throw away each year? 3. What do you think the word artificial means? Tell how you know. 4. According to the text, what does the word decompose mean? 5. Name two benefits of recycling textiles. 6. Summarize why textile recycling is important for a greener Earth. Use details from the text.
R e c y c l i n g R an g e r s Ti p
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key “It Makes Sense to Recycle!” 1. A textile is any item made from cloth or artificial fabrics. 2. about 70 pounds 3. produced by humans 4. to break down 5. Possible answers include decreasing use of natural resources, decreasing the use of chemicals in manufacturing new textiles, reducing pollution from manufacturing new textiles. 6. Summaries will vary but should include details from the text.
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Textile Recycling Measures Up! Solving problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit Give students’ measurement skills a workout while demonstrating how quickly clothing and other textiles add up in landfills. Ask each student to bring in one piece of old clothing. (Make sure families know that the clothing won’t be returned and will be donated to a charity after the activity.) Using your balance scale, have each student measure the weight of his or her item and list it on the tracking sheet (scroll down). As a class, calculate the total weight of the items and discuss how one might easily find this many items when cleaning out a closet or dresser. Continue the math practice by having students convert pounds to ounces and kilograms to grams. Once the activity is complete, drop off the clothes at a charity. Teacher tip: For a quick math game, divide the class into teams. Call two pairs of students to the board and have them race to add their textiles’ weights, subtract to find which student’s textile is heavier and how much heavier it is, convert the combined weights to ounces, or round off the combined weights to the nearest pound or kilogram. For a quick science investigation, gather several different types of textiles, including towels, T-shirts, socks, and pillowcases. Cut an equal-size piece from each (about the size of a washcloth). Also gather some paper towels. Ask students to predict which item will absorb the most water. Then put equal amounts of water in plastic cups and place the textile pieces inside. After a few minutes, remove the textile pieces and examine the cups to see how much water remains. Students will see how useful recycled textiles can be!
Sheet of measure) Tracking Weight (unit Student
Name
Fabric
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. : Secondary C2012 SMART
Materials and
. Text and design
ion Center,
by The Educat
LLC
Recycled Textiles
PM 8/30/12 5:46:52
Persuasion
G3-5.indd
4
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Tracking Sheet Student Name
Textile Weight
(Be sure to list the unit of measure.)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Oh So Opinionated! Writing opinion pieces supporting a point of view with reasons; explaining how an author uses evidence to support points in a text; integrating information from two texts to write about the subject Get students reading and writing about textile recycling and other types of recycling with this activity. Check out a variety of library books about recycling. Give each student a chance to read at least one book; then discuss with students the benefits of different types of recycling and the types of recycling covered in the books. Students will likely find that, while recycling paper, metal, glass, and plastic is well represented in the books, recycling textiles such as clothing and linens is not covered (or not covered as thoroughly). Discuss with students how the books’ authors use reasons and evidence to support particular points about recycling. Next, challenge students to write letters to the book publishers and authors to persuade them to include information about textile recycling in the next edition of their book. Remind students to use information from the books and from the Textile Recycling Fact Sheet and infographic mini poster to back up their opinions. Who knows, students might be surprised to see what the next edition of the book includes! Teacher tip: Display the letters on a bulletin board titled “A New Chapter: Clothing and Other Textiles Should Be Recycled Too!”
g Recyclin in Our World
Dear Author, I read yo ur bo thought yo u did ok, Recycling in Our World. I recycling is so ima go od job of explaining why of important inf portant, an d I learned a lot or mation. I was sorr y to clothing an d text see that yo u did not include that can be recy iles with the types of items about textile re cle d. Our class is learning important facts cycling. I’d like to share so me with yo u: • Any textile—w orn, torn, or sta ine d—can be recycle d. • The average US citizen throws po un ds of cloth ing ever y year. away 70 • 95% of fabrics right now, only can be recycle d. But rest go to lan dfi15% are donate d. The lls. • Recycle d text iles are used fo r many purposes. T-shirt rags for cleanings can be turned into , wi pin g, an d po Wool sweaters can be turned intlishing. pa dding. Even old o carpet stu ffe d toys ca turned into seat pa dding for cars.n be I ho pe yo u’ll textile recyclingtake time to learn more about that infor matio , as our class has an d add n to yo ur next bo ok. Yo ur loyal reader , Emily
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Recycled Pillow Pals Measuring perimeter and area, opinion writing (3.MD.C.7b; W.3.2)
Reinforce the importance of recycling textiles by making fluffy pillows!
Materials for each student: old t-shirt; ruler or yardstick; scissors; fabric markers; recycled stuffing material (such as old stuffed toys, towels or linens, or other donated clothing items cut into strips) 9"
1. Ask each student to bring in a clean, discarded t-shirt from home. (Have a few extras on hand so everyone can participate in the activity.) 2. Have each child lay her t-shirt on a flat surface. Help her cut the sleeves and top of the shirt off with scissors to form a rectangle as shown. 3. Once all shirts have been cut, have each student measure the length and width of her rectangle and record the measurements. (If necessary, help the student round a measurement to the nearest whole number.) Then ask each child to use the length and width to calculate the area and perimeter of her rectangle.
Karen
9"
10"
10" area of pillowhes 9 x 10= 90 inc of pillowinches perimeter = 38 9 + 10 + 9 + 10
4. Model for the class how to position the rectangle so that the open sides are at the top and bottom. Then show students how to cut three-inch slits, spaced about an inch apart, through both layers of the rectangle at the bottom. Repeat with the top of the rectangle. 5. Have the student use the fabric markers to decorate one side of her rectangle with the "Donate, Recycle, Don't Throw Away" slogan to encourage others to recycle textiles. 6. Starting with the bottom of her rectangle, have the student tie the front and back strips together in double knots until the entire row is tied. 7. Have the student stuff the rectangle with the other old clothing and textiles to make a pillow. 8. At the top of her pillow, have the student repeat Step 6. 9. Finally, have the student write a short opinion piece on her paper, explaining why textile recycling is important.
R e c y c l i n g R an g e r s Ti p Karen
area of pillowhes 9 x 10= 90 inc of pillowinches perimeter 10 = 38 9 + 10 + 9 + cling is cy re ile Text important.
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Powers of Persuasion Writing opinion pieces, supporting a point of view with reasons and information Share facts from the Textile Recycling Fact Sheet and the infographic mini poster with your students. Students may be surprised to learn that clothing and textiles can be recycled—just like glass, paper, aluminum, and plastic! Once students have learned the facts, urge them to share these facts and raise others’ awareness as well. Introduce the different persuasion techniques with your class: bandwagon—a statement suggesting that everyone is doing something, and the reader should too slogan—a catchy phrase or statement repetition—repetition of a title, a product name, or an important fact testimonial—a well-known person speaks in favor of a topic emotional appeal—a person is depicted as having strong feelings about an issue expert opinion—an endorsement from someone who is an authority In advance, gather several student-appropriate magazines that contain advertising. Divide the class into six groups, and assign each group one of the persuasion techniques. Then challenge them to find and share several examples of their assigned technique. Once each group understands its technique, direct the groups to each create a poster or banner to display in the hallway to teach others about textile recycling—and to persuade them to give it a try! Teacher tip: Check out the Wear It? Recycle It! poster contest hosted by SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles Association. Your students’ posters could be the start of a winning entry!
We’re Recy cling Textil es
All clothing and textiles—worn, torn, or stained— can be recyled!
Yo even u can r one secycle hoe!
Are YOU? 95% of text iles can be recycled. Keep textile s out of lan dfills!
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Comparing decimals to the thousandths (5.NBT.A.3b)
Transforming Textiles
Did you know? Once used clothing is sorted at a textile recycling center, the used clothing is recycled in one of four ways.
© Can Stock Photo Inc. / monkeybusiness
C
A
A
45%, or 0.45, is exported to least developed and developing countries.
B
30%, or 0.30, becomes wiping and polishing cloths for commercial and industrial businesses.
C
20%, or 0.20, is reused as furniture stuffing, insulation, upholstery, sound proofing, carpet padding, and building and other materials.
D
5%, or 0.05, is unusable and cannot be recycled.
B
D
Write >, > <
> <
> <
1.011 7.017
> <
> <
> <
< <
> <
> <
=
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key “Transforming Textiles”
cling y c e R
R an g e r s T ip
A. 2.69 < 2.96 B. 4.567 < 4.657 C. 0.499 < 0.500 D. 0.189 > 0.109 E. 1.621 > 1.612 F. 2.852 = 2.852 G. 5.641 > 5.614 H. 1.777 < 1.787 I. 1.11 > 1.011 J. 7.117 > 7.017 K. 0.512 < 5.210 L. 3.467 < 3.674 M. 6.813 < 6.913 N. 8.234 < 8.324 O. 5.219 > 5.129 P. 1.001 > 0.999 Q. 0.898 < 0.989 R. 10.5 >10.05 S. 0.045 < 0.45 T. 47.52 > 47.502
©2013 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Name
Fractions, decimals, percents
Wear It? Recycle It! Write each shaded portion as a fraction, decimal, or percent.
1. fraction: _____
2. fraction: _____
3. fraction: _____
decimal: _____
decimal: _____
decimal: _____
percent: _____
percent: _____
percent: _____
Read each statement. Write each percent as a fraction and decimal. 4. 95% of textiles, worn or torn, can be recycled. fraction: _____ decimal: _____ 5. Only 15% of textiles are actually donated or recycled. fraction: _____ decimal: _____ 6. 85% of textiles worn go to our landfills. fraction: _____ decimal: _____
8. 20% of donated textiles can be turned into fibers to make other items such as carpeting. fraction: _____ decimal: _____ 9. 30% of donated textiles can be used for other purposes, such as cleaning cloths. fraction: _____ decimal: _____
7. 45% of donated textiles are clothes that can be worn again. fraction: _____ decimal: _____ Read each problem. Round your answer to the nearest pound. 10. You are dropping off 27 pounds of old clothes at a charity. If 95% can be recycled, how many pounds of clothes will be recycled? _______________________________ 11. Your sister just cleaned out her closet. She is taking 17 pounds of clothes to a charity. If 45% can be worn again, how many pounds of clothes will that be? _______________________________ 12. Your aunt is moving, and she took 52 pounds of old towels, sheets, and linens to be recycled. If 30% can be turned into wiping rags, how many pounds will that be? ____________________________ 13. Your little brother has outgrown last year’s clothes. You are helping your family drop off 32 pounds of old clothes at a charity. If 95% can be recycled, how many pounds of clothes will be recycled? _______________________________ 14. Oops! The clothes just came out of the dryer, and someone left a pen in a pocket. The laundry is ruined. Your dad takes 12 pounds of stained fabrics to a charity. If 30% can be used for other purposes, such as wiping rags, how many pounds will that be? ________________ ©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
Answer Key Wear It? Recycle It! 1. fraction: 22/100, or 11/50 decimal: .22 percent: 22% 2. fraction: 3/4 decimal: .75 percent: 75% 3. fraction: 50/100, or 1/2 decimal: .50 percent: 50% 4. fraction: 95/100, or 19/20 percent: .95 5. fraction: 15/100, or 3/20 percent: .15 6. fraction: 85/100, or 17/20 percent: .85 7. fraction: 45/100, or 9/20 percent: .45 8. fraction: 20/100, or 1/5 percent: .20 9. fraction: 30/100, or 3/10 percent: .30 10. 26 pounds 11. 8 pounds 12. 16 pounds 13. 30 pounds 14. 4 pounds
©2012 SMART: Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles. Text and design by The Education Center, LLC
