Table of Contents Introduction to Checklists
Potatoes
Apples
Pumpkins and Winter Squash
Beets
Raspberries
Blueberries
Snap Beans
Carrots
Strawberries
Cauliflower
Sweet Cherries
Cole Crops
Sweet Corn: Fresh Market
Cranberries
Sweet Corn: Processing
Dry Beans
Tomatoes: Field Grown
Peas
Tomatoes: Greenhouse
Peppers
APPENDIX IPM Checklists : Charts and FormS WHAT IS IPM FOR YOUR BUSINESS? This section can help you decide which IPM practices will work to cut costs, improve quality and increase profits in your operation.
What is an IPM Checklist? IPM is good management, intervening in the production process only when the benefits outweigh the costs, exactly on time, and taking the most effective and least disruptive actions. These principles translate into specific practices which are represented in the following checklists. The more checklist items you can apply in your operation, the more you will benefit from IPM. Some IPM practices are common to most operations, such as calibrating all sprayers at least once per season. However, most IPM practices are business specific. Most IPM practices that work in one crop are not applicable in others. That is why there are separate checklists for different crops and production systems (i.e. potato vs. tomato crops, fresh vs. processing crops, greenhouse vs. field grown plants). Many IPM practices are region specific. Pests and other challenges to optimum production vary from state to state, and even from region to region within a state. For this reason, not all checklist practices listed for your crop will be applicable to your operation. Other practices, not included here, should be considered to customize the checklist for your conditions. Review the checklists provided here with your Cooperative Extension agent or private consultant before implementing any practices you are not certain apply to your business. The checklists on the following pages may be photocopied for your personal use. However, they may not be published or sold.
For more information These IPM Checklists are adapted from IPM practices specified by Massachusetts Cooperative Extension “Partners with Nature” and Cornell Cooperative Extension IPM Elements programs. Both of these programs designate a set of production practices that growers must follow to earn the right to market their products as IPM grown.
For more information, see the New York State IPM Elements web site at: www.nysaes.cornell.edu:80/ipmnet/ny/vegetables/elements/ You can also request Integrated Pest Management, Massachusetts Guidelines: Commodity Specific Definitions, Publication No. SP-136. Available from Bulletin Distribution Center, Draper Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-2010, price $5.00.
How to use the IPM Checklists Checklists are a guide to help you improve your IPM performance. To use them effectively: 1. Review the checklist(s) for your Crop(s) and delete practices that do not apply to your operation.These may include actions for pests not present in your area, or cultural practices not applicable to your soil type or production system. 2. Add IPM practices recommended for your operation in your region that are not already listed. Check with your Cooperative Extension agent or private consultant for suggestions. 3. Develop an IPM Plan to identify the most important factors to a profitable season. List the most important actions you will take to optimize those factors. Review the IPM checklists and highlight practices addressing those factors, then give those your highest priority. 4. As you complete each practice, assign yourself points up to the maximum listed for that practice. For example, if you complete a practice worth a total of 10 points on only half of your acreage, assign yourself 5 points for that practice. Remember: Start small. Test any new practices before implementing them fully. It’s more important to do a good job on a few top-priority practices than to do a mediocre job on a lot of them.
APPLES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Dormant pruning to improve spray penetration and air circulation.
10
________
Summer pruning on densely foliated, vigorous trees.
20
________
All prunings are removed or destroyed. No residue is present after one year.
10
________
Any new or replantings use size-controlling rootstocks.
20
________
Nutrient and Moisture Management Fertilization is based on a complete leaf tissue analysis.
20
________
New irrigation systems use surface or subsurface drip.
20
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
A resistance management plan is devised and implemented.
10
________
Applications conform to tree-row volumes calculated for each block.
10
________
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Biological Pesticides or Strategies (e.g., disease resistant varieties, insect mating disruption, abandoned trees within 100 yards of the orchard are removed.) #1. ________________________________ 30
________
#2. ________________________________ 30
________
#3. ________________________________ 30
________
#4. ________________________________ 30
________
#5. ________________________________ 30
________
#6. ________________________________ 30
________
Insect Pest Management Major insect pests have been identified and a scouting and record keeping plan implemented. Control measures are applied according to action thresholds. (List pests by name.) Pest #1 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #2 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #3 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #4 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #5 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #6 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #7 ____________________________ 10
________
Disease Pest Management Major disease pests have been identified and a scouting and record keeping plan implemented. Control measures are applied according to action thresholds. (List pests by name.) Pest #1 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #2 ____________________________ 10
________
Pesticides are selected that conserve natural enemies of pests.
20
________
Pest #3 ____________________________ 10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Pest #4 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #5 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #6 ____________________________ 10
________
Pest #7 ____________________________ 10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
________ ________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
APPLES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Weed Pest Management
Education
Major weed pests have been identified and a scouting and record keeping plan implemented. Control measures are applied according to action thresholds. (List pests by name.)
Reference library of one or more books on apple management is maintained. (List books.)
Actual Points Earned
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #1 _____________________________ 10
________
Pest #2 _____________________________ 10
________
Pest #3 _____________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
Pest #4 _____________________________ 10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #5 _____________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #6 _____________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #7 _____________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
Pest #8 _____________________________ 10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
Herbicides of the same class are not used in successive years.
20
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
Spot treatments are used.
20
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Non-chemical weed management practices (e.g., mowing, mulches) are used. 30
________
Vertebrate Pest Management Major wildlife pests have been identified and a scouting and record keeping plan implemented. Control measures are applied according to action thresholds. (List pests by name.)
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management.
Pest #1 _____________________________ 10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #2 _____________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #3 _____________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Pest #4 _____________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
Bait stations are used for rodent management, instead of broadcast treatments.
20
10
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring
#2. _________________________________
________
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
#3. _________________________________
________
#4. _________________________________
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
#5. _________________________________
________
Rainfall
20
________
#6. _________________________________
________
Hours of leaf wetness
20
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
Stage of tree development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
APPLES: GRAND TOTAL
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
BEETS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Establish a cover crop for weed control, root disease suppression and nitrogen retention.
10
Avoid late nitrogen applications unless noting Cercospora infection or plant stress. 10 Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records. Fertilize according to test results.
10
For Cercospora leaf spot, rotate every two to three years; for pocket rot, rotate with grains; for root rot, rotate at least every two years; for sugar beet cyst nematode, do not plant a susceptible crop more than once every four years. 20
________ ________
________
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Records of pest densities and cultural procedures are kept for use in the future. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year. 10 Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year.
Actual Points Earned
Disease Pest Management Use appropriate fungicide seed treatments as needed.
10
________
If field had Cercospora leaf spot or pocket rot, incorporate crop residue into the soil at the end of the season to promote breakdown of pathogens and tissues that may be carrying them. 20
________
In fields with pocket rot, minimize throwing soil on crown of plant during cultivation.
20
________
Complete fall season subsoiling for root rot management if needed.
10
________
At harvest, make (or update if one has been made for this field previously) a weed map of the field for use in planning for next year. 10
________
Update weed map of the field when crop is small for use in evaluating the current year’s weed control and for use in determining if a postemergent treatment is needed. 10
________
Review weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies.
10
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Weed Pest Management
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily:
________
COLUMN TOTAL
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Maximum Potential Points
________
________
(Continued)
BEETS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Education
Additional Practices
Reference library of one or more books on beet management is maintained. (List books.)
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
Actual Points Earned
10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
BEETS: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Beets is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Elements for Beets, by Curt Petzoldt, vegetable IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and beet growers and processors.
BLUEBERRIES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices A water use plan that minimizes disease development, optimizes water use efficiency and minimizes erosion and runoff is used. Fertilizer recommendations are based on soil and leaf analyses. Regular pruning is conducted to maintain plant vigor.
20
10
________
________
Drift is minimized.
Actual Points Earned
10
_________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
_________
Disease Pest Management Rake or disk soil beneath bushes prior to bud break to disrupt mummyberry spores, if appropriate.
10
________
Use good cultural practices to maintain plant vigor to reduce Phomopsis where it occurs.
10
________
Identify and monitor for pests such as anthracnose. Prune and destroy diseased wood when scouting.
10
________
10
________
30
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Insect Pest Management
Half of nitrogen application is applied in May and the remaining half is applied in June.
10
________
pH levels are based on soil analysis in multiple sites in field quadrants of 5 acres or less.
10
________
Annually prune and destroy all insect infested and diseased wood.
10
________
Regular pruning is conducted to maintain plant vigor.
10
________
Mulch strip is used within row.
20
________
In alleyways, a living ground cover is used to reduce soil erosion and soil compaction.
20
________
Identification and monitoring of blueberry pests (cranberry fruitworm, maggot, etc.) are conducted using Cooperative Extension recommendations.
Weed Pest Management A weed survey is conducted and appropriate strategies are implemented. Herbicide rate, selection of spot spraying are based on these results.
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
Spray records are maintained and organized.
20
________
Insecticides are not sprayed when bees are active.
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Maximum Potential Points
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
BLUEBERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Education
Additional Practices
Reference library of one or more books on blueberry management is maintained. (List books.)
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Recommended cultural and mechanical techniques are used for wildlife management (e.g., netting, fencing, scare devices).
10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#5. _________________________________ 10
________
#6. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
BLUEBERRIES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Blueberries is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Blueberries, by Joe Kovach, fruit IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists and Cooperative Extension educators.
CARROTS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices For root knot nematode and crater rot, rotate with non-host crops.
10
________
Establish cover crop for weed control and nitrogen retention.
10
________
Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records. Fertilize according to test results.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Insect Pest Management Sample to determine presence of root knot nematode (RKN) before using the insecticide treatment. If testing is not available, then consider field history and presence of RKN before treating.
10
________
If mites are a problem, harvest early.
10
________
Monitor for insects, including aphids, mites and leafhoppers.
10
________
Apply pesticides to control aphids and leafhoppers only if the pest is found to be present.
10
________
At harvest, make (or update if one has been made for this field previously) a weed map of the field for use in planning next year.
10
________
Review weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies.
10
________
Update weed map of the field when crop is small for use in evaluating the current year’s weed control and for use in determining whether a preemergent treatment is needed.
10
________
Weed Pest Management 20
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Keep records of pest densities and cultural procedures for use in the future. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year. 10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year.
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
10
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
Weather and Crop Monitoring
________
Education
Disease Pest Management Use recommended fungicide seed treatment for seed decay.
10
________
Monitor for diseases including leaf blights, Sclerotinia white mold and Rhizoctonia.
10
________
Apply pesticides to control Sclerotinia white mold and leaf blights only if the pest is found to be present. COLUMN TOTAL
10
________
Reference library of one or more books on carrot management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
CARROTS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
Actual Points Earned
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
CARROTS: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Carrots is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Carrot, by Curt Petzoldt, vegetable IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and carrot growers and processors.
CAULIFLOWER: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices For seedbeds:
Maximum Potential Points Use certified, hot-water treated seed to reduce Alternaria leaf spot, black rot, blackleg or use seed tests to determine if seed is infected. 20 Use insecticide application for cabbage maggot control only when fields are at risk from peak adult flights.
________
Inspect all transplants and use only if free of diamondback moth, black rot, blackleg, clubroot and Alternaria leaf spot. 20
________
After harvest in early and mid-season fields, disk/plow cauliflower residues to promote breakdown of tissues infected with black rot, Alternaria leaf spot, blackleg, clubroot, downy mildew, root rot and Sclerotinia white mold.
10
________
________ ________
________
Lime seedbeds to pH 7.2 to 7.5 for clubroot control (where present).
5
________
After harvest, establish a cover crop for weed control, nitrogen retention for early and mid-season fields. 10
Scout for black rot (where present) and destroy any black rot-infested beds.
10
________
After harvest for late season plantings, interseed a cover crop at last cultivation. 10
Pesticide Management ________
For fields: Do not plant into fields with a history of Fusarium yellows or widespread clubroot.
10
Adjust (spot treat with lime) pH to between 7.2 and 7.5 in spots where clubroot was noted in previous crops. 10 Plant cauliflower where crucifers were not grown for at least three years to reduce Alternaria leaf spot, black rot, downy mildew, root rot, Sclerotinia white mold, sugar cauliflower cyst nematode (four years for blackleg; seven years for clubroot, Fusarium yellows). 20
________
________
________
For seedbeds and fields: Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records. Fertilize according to test results.
10
Do not apply animal manure after planting. Make sure all preplant applications of manure are properly incorporated into the soil before planting. 20 Apply any fertilizer/manure according to a Farm Nutrition Plan. COLUMN TOTAL
________
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year. 10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Pesticides are applied using techniques to provide good coverage. At least once per season, sprayer coverage is tested using water-sensitive paper. 10
________
If pesticides do not appear to be effective, contact Cooperative Extension Service to check for resistance to pesticides. 10
________
________ COLUMN TOTAL
20
________
20
Rotate and isolate seedbeds from production areas to reduce incidence and spread of diseases such as Alternaria leaf spot, black rot, blackleg, downy mildew, root rot, and clubroot diseases. 10
Strive for weed-free beds to ensure weeds do not interfere with transplant operations. 10
Actual Points Earned
________
________ ________
(Continued)
CAULIFLOWER: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Disease Pest Management
Education
Scout weekly for diseases. For black rot, downy mildew, Alternaria leaf spot, Fusarium yellows, and Sclerotinia white mold, use recommended scouting techniques. For cabbage maggot, clubroot, root rot and sugar cauliflower cyst nematode, note presence. 20
Reference library of one or more books on cauliflower management is maintained. (List books.)
If black rot occurs in field, do not cultivate or spray until foliage is dry. Clean equipment after use in infected fields. 20 If Alternaria is found to be present, try to tie plants late and harvest earlier to avoid infection spread. 20
________
________
________
Insect Pest Management Follow established thresholds for insect pests whenever available.
20
10
Keep records of pest densities, biological control techniques used, cultural procedures, and pesticide applications. Keep records of pest populations for each field for review in future years. Keep records of natural enemy populations. 20
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Make a weed map post-harvest to evaluate effectiveness of weed control strategies. Review weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies the following season. 20
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications.
________
________
________
Weed Pest Management
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Hours of leaf wetness
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
Scout weekly for insect pests: cabbage looper, diamondback moth, imported cabbageworm and cabbage aphids. Use recommended scouting techniques. Scout one to three times per week for flea beetles when plants are in seedling stage. For cabbage maggot and sugar cauliflower cyst nematode, note presence or absence. 20 If flea beetles or aphids are not at or above thresholds, use Bt materials for caterpillar control.
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
CAULIFLOWER: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Cauliflower is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Cauliflower, by Curt Petzoldt, vegetable IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and cauliflower growers and processors.
COLE CROPS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Crop Rotation Field has not been planted with crucifers for three previous years; 30
________
OR Field has not been planted with crucifers for two previous years; 20
________
OR Fields have been evaluated with an appropriate soil test for nutrient status and pH within one year.
10
________
Organic matter status has been tested within three years.
10
________
Fertilizer is applied according to soil test results and expected uptake of nutrients, accounting for additional nitrogen supplied by organic matter, compost, manure and cover crops. Expected nutrient uptake is determined from Cooperative Extension or seed suppliers’ guidelines.
20
________
Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. Some is applied at planting and some as a sidedress.
10
________
10
________
Transplants are grown in-state.
10
________
Seed that has been tested and found to be disease-free or hot water-treated seed tested is used.
10
________
This year’s crop was preceded by a winter cover crop.
10
________
The cover crop was a legume or legume/ grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately. 10
COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. All sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
A separate sprayer is used for herbicides and insecticides.
20
________
Sprayer calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed.
10
________
Records of planting dates of treated field are maintained.
10
________
Records of stage of crop in treated field are maintained.
10
________
Coverage of leaf surfaces is tested, using water-sensitive spray cards.
20
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Insect Pest Management
Compost or manure is applied, its nitrogen contribution is calculated, and fertilizer application is adjusted accordingly.
An experimental plot to test reduced rates of fertilizer is maintained and the results are recorded.
Pesticide Management
Maximum Potential Points
30
________
________
Presence of cabbage maggot eggs is determined by sampling 25 to 40 plants weekly during periods when flies are active, as determined by Cooperative Extension or by on-farm monitoring.
10
________
Insecticide used for cabbage maggot (where present) is applied only when eggs reach threshold present, as determined by scouting.
10
________
Insecticide used for cabbage maggot (where present) is a banded application, either a soil drench directed at the base of the plant, or a banded pre-plant incorporated granular.
10
________
Non-chemical means, such as floating row covers, are used to exclude or control cabbage root maggot.
10
________
Where present, diamondback moth (DBM) adults are monitored using pheromone traps.
5
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
COLE CROPS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Where present, cabbage looper (CL) moth adults are monitored using pheromone traps. 5 Foliar pests (imported cabbageworm (or ICW) DBM & CL) are monitored weekly by sampling 25 to 40 plants.
20
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Weed Pest Management ________
________
Treatments for caterpillar pests (DBM, ICW, CL) conform to Cooperative Extension IPM program thresholds.
10
________
Microbial insecticide, such as Bt, is used in the management of DBM, CL and ICW infestations.
10
________
This year’s field(s) were scouted for weeds last year and mid-to late season. Weeds present were identified, and field locations recorded. This information was used in the current weed management program. 10
________
One of the following: Herbicide rates are reduced through banding of herbicides & cultivation;
10
________
No herbicides are applied and weeds are controlled through cultivation. 20
________
Herbicides of the same class are not used on the same field in succeeding years. This can be accomplished by crop rotation and corresponding herbicide selection. 10
________
Weeds in fields, alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed.
10
________
An experimental plot to test a different weed management technique is maintained and the results are recorded. 30
________
OR
Occasional pests such as onion thrips are monitored by weekly scouting of foliage.
5
________
If thrips are historically a problem, resistant cultivators are planted.
10
________
Where multiple applications of foliar insecticide are used, resistance to insecticide is reduced by alternating classes of insecticides, Bt/synthetics and/or strains of Bt. 10
________
Disease Pest Management
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Fields are monitored weekly for disease symptoms. Weekly records of scouting results are kept.
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
10
________
Diseases are accurately identified by the farmer or by a diagnostic laboratory. 10
________
Fungicides and bactericides are applied only when disease symptoms occur, when weather conditions are particularly favorable for specific disease development, or if a field has a history of disease which can be suppressed by chemical means. Only those pesticides which will suppress the targeted disease are used. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________ ________
(Continued)
COLE CROPS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Education Reference library of one or more books on cole crops management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3.
________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop). _____________________________
10
COLUMN TOTAL
________
COLE CROPS: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Cole Crops is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
CRANBERRIES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices can you plan to implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices
Maximum Potential Points Fertilizer amendments are applied according to previous year’s leaf tissue analysis.
5
________
A soil analysis in early Spring (MarchApril) for pH, P, K and Ca has been performed within five years to establish nutrient and pH baselines.
5
________
Records of fertilizer applications are kept. Symptoms of deficiencies are documented where fertilizer supplements are used. Records show reduction of nitrogen whenever crop potential has been seriously reduced. 10
________
________
Bed is managed for proper drainage to control root rot. Free of standing water after 1" rainfall. All areas of the bog are capable of being flooded for winter protection.
20
________
Fertilizers with low leaching capacity (e.g., slow release or fish hydrolysate fertilizers) are used.
Chemigation system gives complete coverage of bog.
20
________
Pesticide Management
Spraying of sensitive areas is prevented by half-heads or spray guards where necessary.
10
________
Chemigation system includes gate valves to allow for partial treatment of system.
10
________
Chemigation system is calibrated at beginning of season. Sprinkler pressure is maintained at 40 lbs. or greater at each sprinkler head.
10
________
Trash is removed yearly from the bed by flooding.
10
________
Trash from border areas is removed to prevent spread of plant disease.
10
________
Bed has been sanded within 5 years.
10
________
Bed is re-flooded from mid-April to mid-May (late winter) as an alternative strategy to reduce fruit rot or infestations of mites, Gypsy moths, false armyworm or cranberry fruitworm. 10 Ditches are managed for proper drainage (free of silt and weeds).
10
30
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. Where beds insect rivers or where there is no water holding capacity, diazinon, azinphosmethyl, chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil are not used in the bog. 10 ________ If a scout or consultant is employed, a specific scout safety program is followed. 10
________
In bog systems where multiple bays exist, records of monitoring data and pesticide applications are kept separately for individual beds or management units.
10
________
Water is held longer than is required on the label. Records of dates of holding water after pesticide applications are maintained. 20
________
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
Grower is involved in an ongoing program to tighten flumes and reduce leakage.
10
________
Bed has been managed to reduce overgrowth and promote air circulation.
10
________
A complete leaf tissue analysis, including nitrogen, is performed in the current season (August-September).
5
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
________
(Continued)
CRANBERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Insect Pest Management
Disease Pest Management
Sweep samples are taken weekly from early May to scattered bloom to monitor the following pests (where they occur): Gypsy moth, blossomworm, false armyworm, cranberry weevils, blackheaded fireworm, spanworms, Sparganothis fruitworm, and other cutworms. 20
Crop stages are recorded weekly from scattered bloom onward. Fifty percent out-of-bloom is determined by sampling as recommended by Cooperative Extension; other stages are determined visually.
10
________
________
Insecticide applications are applied only when supported by appropriate monitoring and established thresholds are exceeded. 20
________
First fungicide application for fruit rots is made according to local university guidelines (no earlier than 1 percent bottom).
10
________
________
Unless circumstances warrant, no fruit rot fungicide is applied after July 31.
10
________
Where the cranberry girdler is a frequent pest, treatments are timed to pheromone trap captures.
10
Where the blackheaded fireworm is a frequent pest, treatments are timed to pheromone trap captures.
10
________
Where the Sparganothis fruitworm is a frequent pest, treatments are timed to pheromone trap captures.
A weed survey map is made before harvest.
10
________
10
________
Weed management, including herbicide selection and rates, is determined using the previous year’s weed survey.
10
________
Non-chemical weed management techniques, such as hand-pulling woody perennials or clipping annual weeds, are utilized.
10
________
Spot treatment of weed area is used instead of broadcast treatment of beds.
10
________
A mowing program is followed to reduce weed seed populations.
10
________
Weed Pest Management
No pesticide used for early season Lepidoptera (e.g., spanworms, cutworms, Gypsy moth) OR these are controlled by Bt. 10
________
For beds of Early Blacks and Howes cultivars where cranberry fruitworm occurs, application is applied 7-9 days after 50 percent out-of-bloom (program is modified for other varieties). The second application is made 10 days later. One week after the second fruitworm spray, 25 fruits per acre are randomly selected and inspected for fruitworm eggs. Subsequent treatment is made only if viable eggs are found. 20
________
Alternative management techniques, including sanding, September flooding or entomogenous nematodes, are used for cranberry girdler control where it occurs.
10
________
No insecticides are applied for cranberry tipworm where it occurs.
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
CRANBERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Education Reference library of one or more books on cranberry management is maintained. (List books.) #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
CRANBERRIES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Cranberries is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
DRY BEANS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Management Rotate with a small grain, field or sweet corn, or forage crop. Minimum three years away from field crops or soybeans, longer depending on field history of root rot and white mold. Soil test every third year or prior to bean crop. Fertilize according to test results and crop requirements. Maintain records of tests and fertilizer applications.
10
10
________
10
________
Use seed treated with insecticide and fungicide for protection from seed maggots and diseases.
10
________
Manage foliar feeding insects through the use of scouting and foliar applications. Avoid soil-applied insecticide at planting.
10
________
Test use of available biological seed treatments.
30
________
Keep records of pest densities and all control measures used.
20
________
10
________
Keep records of root rot type and severity, and control measures used.
20
________
Scout for weeds after harvest. Map out weed patches, maintain weed history and weed maps. Use these data in choosing appropriate control strategies. Choose weed control strategies based on scouting information. 20
________
Identify weeds by species and size to determine the need for a postemergent herbicide, the most appropriate material and application rate.
20
________
Time postemergent weed control according to crop stage, weed species and size.
20
________
Cultivate to control escaped weeds.
10
________
________
________
Pesticide Management
________
Calibrate sprayer before each growing season to ensure proper application rates and coverage.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Rely on scouting and economic thresholds to determine treatment needs.
Establish cover crop, keeping field history of disease in mind when choosing cover crop.
________
10
________
________
10
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained.
10
10
Plant certified Western-grown seed, preferably from an arid climate.
10
Scout for insects and diseases a minimum of twice per season.
Till crop residue under to speed breakdown and reduce carryover of disease inoculum.
________
Test for soil compaction problems. Subsoil or rotate with a sod crop to improve tilth and repair compaction.
Insect Pest Management
Disease Pest Management
10
20
Actual Points Earned
________
Site-specific soil sampling and application of lime and fertilizer.
Calibrate seeder for seed size to obtain proper plant population. Conduct final stand count and compare to seed population. Evaluate causes of stand loss 2-3 weeks after planting.
Maximum Potential Points
Weed Pest Management
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
DRY BEANS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Additional Practices
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Education
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
Reference library of one or more books on dry bean management is maintained. (List books.)
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
DRY BEANS: GRAND TOTAL
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Dry Beans is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Dry Bean, by Abby Seaman, IPM area educator, NYS IPM Program, with input from dry bean growers and food processors.
PEAS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Education
Rotate with grains to avoid root rot and seed decay and reduce soil compaction. Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records. Fertilize according to test results.
10
10
Establish cover crop or plant another crop for weed control, nitrogen retention and root disease suppression. 10
________
________
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10 Records of pest densities, favorable pest conditions and cultural procedures are kept for use in the future, including incidence and severity of root and foliar diseases. 20
________
________ ________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment and is selected. 10
________
________
Weed Pest Management At harvest, make (or update if one has been made for this field previously) a weed map of the field for use in planning for next year. 20 ________ Update weed map of the field when crop is small for use in evaluating the current year’s weed control and for use in determining if a postemergent treatment is needed. 20 COLUMN TOTAL
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year. 10
Recommended commercial seed treatment and soil treatment for control of root rot, seed decay is used. 10
Reference library of one or more books on pea management is maintained. (List books.)
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension Service or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
PEAS: GRAND TOTAL ________ ________
________ ________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Peas is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Peas,by Curt Petzoldt, vegetable IPM coordinator,with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators,and carrot growers and processors.
PEPPERS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Site selection: well-drained soil, not prone to saturation in a field where breezes promote rapid drying of foliage. 20
________
Crop rotation is practiced as follows: Field has not been planted with cucurbits, tomato or pepper for three previous years. (Fields not planted with peppers for two years, 10 pts.); 30
________
OR Field has not been planted with above crops for two previous years;
20
________
OR Field has not been planted with above crops in previous year.
10
________
Maximum Potential Points Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application (broadcast before planting and side-dressed after planting). No more than one-half of the total required nitrogen is applied as a pre-plant broadcast. 10
Actual Points Earned
________
If trickle irrigation is used and sidedressing is needed, N is fed through a trickle irrigation system under plastic mulch in several applications (preferably 5 or 6 equal biweekly treatments) over the course of the season. 20
________
This year’s crop was preceded by a winter cover crop.
20
________
The cover crop was a legume or legume/grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately.
10
________
Compost or manure is applied, its nitrogen contribution is calculated, and fertilizer application reduced accordingly.
10
________
A pre-side-dress nitrate test is taken. Nitrogen applied at side-dress conforms to test results.
5
________
10
________
Field has been evaluated with an appropriate soil test for nutrient status and pH within one year.
10
________
An experimental plot to test organic sources of nutrient (e.g., composts, cover crops) is maintained and the results are recorded.
Organic matter status has been tested within three years.
10
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
All sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
Separate sprayers are used for herbicides and insecticides/fungicides. 10
________
Sprayer(s) calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed. 10
________
A boom sprayer with drop nozzles (three nozzles per row) or air-assisted (NOT air-blast) sprayer is used to increase foliar coverage.
20
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Irrigation is provided during periods of inadequate rainfall to minimize plant stress and related problems.
10
________
Trickle irrigation system is used to minimize leaf wetness periods.
20
________
If needed, field has been chisel-plowed within five years to break up plow pan and increase soil drainage.
10
Fertilizer and lime are applied according to soil test results and expected crop uptake, accounting for nitrogen supplied by organic matter, compost, manure and cover crops. Expected nutrient uptake is determined from the Cooperative Extension or seed supplier recommendations. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
________
________ ________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
PEPPERS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10 Pesticide coverage of target area and non-target area is field tested using water sensitive spray cards. Records of planting and harvest period are maintained by block.
10 10
Actual Points Earned
________
________ ________
Insect Pest Management
Maximum Potential Points European corn borer, second generation, is monitored with pheromone traps during July and August, as specified in Extension IPM literature. 10
10
________
A trial using botanical or microbial insecticides for European corn borer is conducted on part of a field. (Experimental)
20
________
20
________
________
A trial using reflective mulch for aphid management is conducted on part of a field. (Experimental)
Chemical treatments for cutworm are applied only if plant injury warrants it.
________
Disease Pest Management
If pesticide treatment for cutworm is warranted and applied, applications are made after dark.
10
________
Beginning in late June, fields are scouted for aphids and natural enemies weekly, as specified by Cooperative Extension IPM literature. 20
________
Aphid Management Aphids are kept below action threshold by relying on naturally occurring parasites and predators. 10 OR Insecticide applications for aphids are made only if aphid numbers exceed 10 per leaf and proper identification of aphid species is made. Follow Cooperative Extension recommendations. 10
________
________
Disease management includes the practice of crop rotation and avoiding fields with a history of Phytophthora. Preventive fungicides are generally not recommended unless the field has a history of diseases or weather conditions are particularly favorable for disease development. 10 ________ Seed is hot-water treated to reduce seedborne bacterial disease.
10
________
Cultivars resistant to bacterial leafspot are grown.
10
________
Peppers are grown on raised beds to increase air movement and soil drainage.
10
________
Transplants are grown in-state.
10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, the growing medium does not include field soil, and transplants are grown in a separate greenhouse from floricultural crops.
10
________
________ ________
Weekly scouting for tomato hornworms and other caterpillars is practiced during July and August. Foliage is examined for leaf holes, grass and larvae. 10
________
If control is needed for late season caterpillars, only biological insecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) is applied.
10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, sanitation practices in the greenhouse include cleaning of benches, trays, hose nozzles, etc. with a disinfectant, and avoiding contamination of the transplant media and hose nozzles. 10
Pepper maggot flies are monitored during July, using baited sticky traps. 10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, greenhouse is kept weed free.
If pepper maggot has not been previously confirmed on farm, then treatment is made only after trap capture or regional trap capture report indicates their presence. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
________
A soil drench of beneficial nematodes is used to prevent black cutworm feeding in fields with a history of damage from this pest.
Fields of pepper seedlings are counted twice weekly for three or four weeks after transplanting for cutworm larvae, leaf-feeding or clipped stems. 10 10
Actual Points Earned
COLUMN TOTAL
10
________
________ ________
(Continued)
PEPPERS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points If transplants are grown on-farm, humidity in the greenhouse is reduced through proper timing of watering, ventilation and air circulation. Crop residue is incorporated into soil immediately after harvest to encourage rapid decomposition and to reduce survival of plant pathogens.
10
10
Actual Points Earned
________
________
Fields are scouted for bacterial leaf spot and other diseases weekly. Recommended bactericide/ fungicide applications are begun only after disease is observed and confirmed. 10 ________ Fields are monitored for bacterial leaf spot and other diseases weekly. Scouting results, including disease symptoms, percent infested plants and percent of foliage with symptoms, are recorded. 10 Diseases are accurately identified by the farmer, consultant or diagnostic laboratory. Fungicides and bactericide are applied only when the application will be followed by a drying period of at least two hours.
10
10
Precautions are taken to avoid spreading pathogens including working the crop only when plants are dry; working in areas of infection last; and when soil-borne diseases are present, hosing down cultivation equipment between fields. 10 The field is kept free of Solanaceae weeds such as horsenettle, black nightshade and jimsonweed.
10
________
________
________
________
________
Herbicide reduction:
Weeds in fields, alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed. COLUMN TOTAL
A documented plan of crop and herbicide rotation is utilized to reduce the soil seed bank of short-lived seeds and other weed problems.
Actual Points Earned
________
10
________
An experimental plot to test a different weed management technique is maintained and the results are recorded. 20
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Weed Pest Management Weeds are controlled by cultivation, with no herbicide applied; OR Herbicide rates are reduced through banding of herbicides and cultivation; OR Peppers are transplanted on plastic mulch, or herbicides are only used between the mulch, so that less than 50 percent of the soil area is treated.
Maximum Potential Points This year’s pepper fields were scouted for weeds at the end of the previous season. Weeds present were recorded and the information was used in the current crop’s weed management program. 10
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Education Reference library of one or more books on pepper management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
20
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
10
________
10
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
PEPPERS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
PEPPERS GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Peppers is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
POTATOES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Cultural Practices
Crop rotation is practiced as follows: Field has not been planted with potatoes for two previous years;
Actual Points Earned
20
________
20
________
OR Field has not been planted with potatoes in the previous year.
Actual Points Earned ________
A separate sprayer is used for herbicides and insecticides. 10
________
Records of cultivar and date of planting are maintained.
10
________
Records of all weekly field monitoring are maintained.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Insect Pest Management
Fields have been evaluated with an appropriate soil test for nutrient status and pH within one year.
20
________
Organic matter status has been tested within three years.
10
________
Fertilizer is applied according to soil test results and expected uptake of nutrients, accounting for additional nitrogen supplied by organic matter, compost, manure and cover crops. Expected nutrient uptake is determined from Cooperative Extension or seed supplier guidelines. 15 ________
________
This year’s crop was preceded by a winter cover crop.
________
10
The cover crop was a legume or legume/ grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately. 10
________
An experimental plot to test reduced rates of fertilizer is maintained and the results are recorded.
________
20
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
Colorado potato beetle (CPB) densities are monitored weekly by scouting 25 to 50 plants per field.
15
________
Application of insecticides for CPB correspond to action thresholds specified in Cooperative Extension recommendations. 10
________
Insecticide resistance management is practiced as follows: The same synthetic insecticide is not applied more than once per season; 10 OR The same synthetic insecticide is not applied to the same generation of the CPB. 10
________ ________
If imidacloprid is used, its use is limited to the following resistance management approach (Maximum 20 pts):
Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. Some is applied through the planter and planting, and some as cultivation or as a sidedress. 10
COLUMN TOTAL
Maximum Potential Points All sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season. 10
________
Whole-field soil-applied systemic application is limited to non-rotated fields and is applied no more than once every two years in the same field. 10 Foliar application is limited to one generation of CPB (overwintered or summer adults) per season. OR Soil application is made as a border (15-20 rows) in non-rotated fields or adjacent to fields previously planted with potato.
________
10
________
10
________
If soil application is used, foliar application is not made in the same year. 10
________
Microbial insecticides (such as Bt) are used for at least half of the insecticide applications for control of CPB. 15
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
POTATOES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points If Bt is used, egg masses are flagged at the beginning of each CPB generation to determine egg hatch and proper timing of microbial insecticides. 5 Non-chemical Colorado potato beetle control methods are employed, such as propane flaming, delayed planting, or disruption of movement from overwintering sites. 10
Actual Points Earned
________
________
Aphid densities are monitored. Aphid species are identified and insecticides are selected which will best control the species present. Application of insecticides for aphids corresponds to action thresholds specified in Cooperative Extension recommendations. 10 ________
Maximum Potential Points Weeds are managed by cultivation and banded application of herbicides or by cultivation alone. 10
Actual Points Earned ________
Herbicide rates are reduced by delaying application until or after crop emergence. 10
________
An experimental plot to test a different weed management technique is maintained and the results are recorded. 20
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Leafhopper Management
Rainfall
20
________
Potato leafhopper densities are monitored. Application of insecticides for potato leafhopper correspond to action thresholds specified in Cooperative Extension recommendations. 10
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
________
Leafhoppers are managed by application of half rates of banded granular insecticides at hilling. 10
________
Education
Disease Pest Management Certified virus-free seed is planted. Sanitation is practiced by properly disposing of cull piles and by removing volunteer potato plants.
10
________
20
________
Fungicide application intervals are based on potential for disease severity due to weather conditions and crop conditions. 10
________
Fields are monitored for diseases including late blight and results are recorded.
20
________
Diseases are accurately identified by the farmer, consultant or diagnostic laboratory.
10
________
Reference library of one or more books on potato management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Weed Pest Management
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
This year’s field(s) were scouted for weeds last year at mid-to late season. Weeds present were identified, and field locations recorded. This information was used in the current weed management program. 10
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Weed management practices, including herbicide selection and rate, are determined using the previous season’s weed survey. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. ________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
POTATOES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management.
Actual Points Earned
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
POTATOES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Potatoes is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
PUMPKIN AND WINTER SQUASH: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Crop rotation is practiced as follows: Field has not been planted with cucurbits, tomato, eggplant or peppers for three previous years. 30 OR Field has not been planted with above crops in the two previous years. 20 OR Field has not been planted with above crops in the previous year. 10
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
________
Aphids are monitored weekly by direct observation of 10 older leaves at five representative sites per field (50 leaves per field).
10
________
________
Aphids monitored in field are identified by species.
10
________
Insecticides are applied for aphid control only if 20 percent of leaves have five or more aphids per leaf. Note: Treatment may not be needed, if aphids are infected with fungal pathogens or parasitized (mummies). 10
________
Cucumber beetle monitoring, where present (emergence to four leaf stage): Examine 25 plants per field for beetles and damage. Weekly Twice weekly
________ ________
20
________
Organic matter status has been tested within three years.
10
________
Fertilizer is applied according to soil test results and expected uptake of nutrients, accounting for additional nitrogen supplied by organic matter and cover crops. Expected nutrient uptake is determined from Cooperative Extension or seed supplier recommendations. 20
________
Where appropriate, nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. One-half of total fertilizer is made just before planting, and one-half is applied as the vines begin to run.
________
10
________
This year’s crop was preceded by a winter cover crop.
10
________
The cover crop was a legume/grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately.
10
________
A nitrate test is taken before sidedressing to determine if and how much nitrogen is needed. 10
________
10 20
Adhere to cucumber beetle treatment threshold where present (emergence to four leaf stage): more than 2-5 beetles per plant and/or more than 15 percent of leaves damaged or more than 20 percent (two well-timed applications of insecticide). 10 ________ COLUMN TOTAL
Crop residue is incorporated into soil after harvest.
COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
Insect Management ________
Fields have been evaluated with an appropriate soil test for nutrient status and pH for the current year.
10
Maximum Potential Points
________
________
(Continued)
PUMPKIN AND WINTER SQUASH: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Cucumber beetle monitoring where present (fifth leaf to harvest): Weekly, assess blossoms and fruit for feeding damage and record percent damage. 10 Adhere to cucumber beetle treatment threshold where present (fifth leaf to harvest): Five percent of blossoms or fruit with noticeable damage.
10
Where squash bug is a pest, monitor fields weekly June to harvest. Monitor plants for signs of stress or wilt and examine stems and leaves of 25 plants for squash bug. Assess damage to plants at harvest. Note: Thresholds are not known for this pest. Recording this information will enable you to make informed decisions in the future. 10
Actual Points Earned
A spray program for powdery mildew is implemented if monitoring shows one leaf in 50 is infected. Diseases are accurately identified by the farmer, consultant or diagnostic laboratory.
10
10
Chemical controls for fungal diseases are applied only after accurate diagnosis and when controls have efficacy against the pathogen. 10 Fungicides and bactericide are applied only when the application will be followed by a drying period of at least two hours.
10
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
This year’s field(s) were scouted for weeds last year at mid- to late season. Weeds present were identified, and field locations recorded. This information was used in the current weed management program. 10
________
Herbicide use reduction: Herbicide use is replaced with non-chemical management practices such as mechanical cultivation, hand-hoeing, mowed living mulch or organic mulches. 30 OR Seeds are planted (no-till) into a cover crop which is killed, if needed, with a herbicide. No residue herbicide is used. Sethoxydim can be used for post-emergence grass control. 20 OR Stale seedbed technique is used. 20 OR Plastic mulch is used. Herbicides are only used between the mulch so that less than 50 percent of the area is treated. 20
________
Virtually all weeds in field alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed.
10
________
Separate sprayers are used for herbicides and fungicides/insecticides.
10
________
If herbicides are used, herbicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season and procedure is recorded.
10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season and procedure is recorded. 10
________
Sprayer(s) calibration checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed.
10
________
________ ________
Precautions to avoid spreading pathogens include working the crop only when plants are dry, working areas of infection last, and when soil-borne diseases are present, hosing down cultivation equipment between fields.
10
________
Fungicides and insecticides are applied with a boom sprayer or air-assisted sprayer. Air-blast sprayers are not recommended due to lack of spray penetration and drift problems. 10
Fewer than four metalaxyl applications are made in the field each year.
10
________
Coverage of leaf surfaces is tested using water-sensitive spray cards.
________
COLUMN TOTAL
COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
Weed Pest Management
Disease Pest Management Fields are monitored weekly as described in Extension literature. Scouting results, including disease symptoms, percent infested plants and percent of foliage with symptoms, are recorded. 10
Maximum Potential Points
10
________
________ ________
________
(Continued)
PUMPKIN AND WINTER SQUASH: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Actual Points Earned
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Education Reference library of one or more books on pumpkin and winter squash management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
PUMPKIN/WINTER SQUASH: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Pumpkin and Winter Squash is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
RASPBERRIES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Pre-planting: Field has not been planted with Solenaceae plants (potato, tomato), alfalfa, wild raspberry or strawberry for previous two years. 10 A cover crop has followed any previous raspberry planting for at least one year.
10
A water use plan is developed and used to minimize disease development, optimize water use efficiency, reduce erosion and runoff (i.e., trickle, drip irrigation). Raised beds are used in heavier soils to assure adequate water drainage. 10 Plant trellises or rows are oriented parallel to the prevailing winds to optimize air drainage and flow. 10
________ ________
Maximum Potential Points Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
Actual Points Earned
________
Insect Pest Management Monitoring for problem pests (e.g., borers, clippers, Japanese beetle, or others) is conducted regularly according to Cooperative Extension recommendations. Sampling dates and results are recorded. Insecticides are applied only as needed. 20
________
Where present, tarnished plant bug nymph monitoring, using flower truss counts, begins at bloom and continues at least weekly until harvest. Insecticides are applied according to action thresholds. 10
________
Disease Pest Management Nematode sampling is conducted before planting.
10
________
Virus-indexed plant material is used.
10
________
________
No fungicides for cane diseases are applied after bud break.
10
________
________
No fungicides are applied after bloom if environmental conditions are not favorable for fruit rots.
10
________
A weed survey is conducted and appropriate strategies are implemented. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on survey results. 10
________
Post-planting:
Weed Pest Management
Mulching is completed only in the first year of planting.
10
________
Fertilizer recommendations are based on soil tests and leaf analysis.
20
________
Spent canes are removed annually.
10
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Insect and disease-infested canes are removed.
10
________
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
Pesticide Management
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated annually.
Reference library of one or more books on raspberry management is maintained. (List books.)
10
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season.
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Education
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
RASPBERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Actual Potential Points Points Earned Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
Recommended cultural and mechanical techniques are used for wildlife management (e.g., netting, fencing, scare devices).
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
RASPBERRIES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Raspberries is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Raspberry, by Joe Kovach, fruit IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and raspberry growers.
SNAP BEANS: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Cover crop is established post-harvest for weed and erosion control and nitrogen retention. 20 Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records and fertilize according to test results.
10
________
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained.
10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated annually.
10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Disease Pest Management Use Western-produced seed certified free of halo blight, common blight and bacterial brown spot. For brown spot, avoid planting snap beans near dry bean fields. Do not apply copper compounds to control brown spot, halo blight or common blight. 20
________
If field has a history of halo blight, field has not been planted with snap beans for the previous two years.
10
________
If field has a history of brown spot, field has not been planted with snap beans the previous year.
10
________
If field has a history of white mold, field has not been planted with beans, tomatoes, potatoes, lettuce or crucifers the previous year.
10
________
Where white mold is present, a forecasting system based on weather information is used to time sprays. 10
________
Where white mold risk is high, plant rows with wide spacings and parallel to the prevailing wind direction. Avoid shaded areas and small fields surrounded by trees.
________
20
If fungicides are used for white mold control and the white mold forecast system is not used, make a maximum of two fungicide applications during bloom, the first when 70 percent to 80 percent of the plants have one open blossom and the second five to six days later. 20 ________
________
Tolerant or resistant varieties are planted for bean common mosaic virus, bean yellow mosaic virus and/or clover yellow vein virus (where present). 20
________
20
________
Seed is treated with insecticides/fungicides for protection from insects and diseases. 10
________
Incorporate crop residue into the soil at the end of the season if brown spot, halo blight, and/or common blight were a problem during the season. 20
________
Insect Pest Management Do not use a systemic insecticide at planting.
Where present, scouting is performed for European bean borer and insecticides are scheduled according to scouting results. 10 Where present, insecticide applications for Mexican bean beetle and potato leafhopper are scheduled only when counts exceed the action threshold. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
Weed Pest Management ________
Weed maps are prepared. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on survey results. COLUMN TOTAL
10
________ ________
________ ________
(Continued)
SNAP BEANS: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Additional Practices
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Education Reference library of one or more books on snap beans management is maintained. (List books.) #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
SNAP BEANS: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Snap Beans is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Snap Beans, by Curt Petzoldt, vegetable IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and snap bean growers and processors.
STRAWBERRIES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices For new plantings, field has not been planted to strawberries or other Rosaceae (e.g. raspberries) or Solanaceae (e.g., potato, tomato, peppers, eggplant) during the previous year. 10
________
Strawberry plantings are on raised beds to optimize water and air drainage.
________
A water use plan is used that minimizes disease development, optimizes water use efficiency and minimizes erosion and runoff.
10
10
________
Strawberries are mulched with weed-free rye hay or other biodegradable mulch. 20
________
Mulch layer is maintained within the row and between rows in bearing beds from early Spring until renovation to suppress weeds and prevent rain/irrigation from splashing soil onto plants. 20
________
Pesticide Management
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated annually.
10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
No sprays are applied after fruit is formed.
10
________
Insecticides and fungicides are selected which are of low toxicity to mite predators.
20
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Insect Pest Management Where present, monitor tarnished plant bug nymphs using flower truss counts beginning at bloom and continuing at least weekly until harvest, or adults by using white sticky traps from the start of the growing season through 10 percent bloom. Insecticides for tarnished bug are applied only when counts are above the action threshold recommended by Cooperative Extension. 10
________
________
To maximize air flow, planting pattern uses a narrow matted row or a ribbon row. Plant canopy width at harvest does not exceed two feet. Rows are planted a minimum of four feet apart on center. 10
________
Cover crop is established post-harvest for weed and erosion control and nitrogen retention. 20
________
Where present, strawberry bud weevil monitoring begins when flower buds emerge and temperatures are above 65ºF through 50 percent bloom. Insecticides for strawberry bud weevil are applied only when counts are above action threshold. 10
________
Where present, insecticides for strawberry bud weevil are applied to border rows only.
10
________
No insecticides are used when bees are present.
10
________
Leaves are sampled for two-spotted spider mite weekly from pre-bloom through renovation and bimonthly thereafter. Miticides are applied only if action thresholds are exceeded.
10
________
Mite predators are monitored weekly from pre-bloom through renovation, and bimonthly thereafter.
20
________
Test soil at least once every three years. Maintain records and fertilize according to test results.
10
A complete leaf tissue analysis is performed in the current year and results are used to modify fertilization program. 20
________
Field workers wash hands before each harvest session.
________
10
Plant growth within 30 feet of field borders is managed (i.e., by mowing) to reduce weed seeds, improve air drainage and reduce pest immigration. 10
________
The bulk of nitrogen is applied after renovation to reduce Botrytis problems.
________
COLUMN TOTAL
10
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
STRAWBERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Predatory mites are released to control two-spotted mites when action thresholds are exceeded. 30
Actual Points Earned
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Education ________
Reference library of one or more books on strawberry management is maintained. (List books.)
Identification and monitoring of other pests (e.g., spittlebugs, root weevils, leafhoppers, etc.) are conducted, and treatments are applied according to action thresholds, using Cooperative Extension recommendations. 10 ________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Disease Pest Management
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
Where red stele, Verticilium wilt or leaf diseases are present, resistant or tolerant cultivars are planted. 20
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Fungicides are applied according to weather factors and disease pressure only.
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
Fungicides are not applied after bloom.
20
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
Fungicides are not used.
30
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
At renovation, leaves that are mowed are removed from the field to reduce disease inoculum.
10
________
Weed Pest Management Weed maps are prepared indicating significant weed species and their location. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on weed survey results. 10 ________ Prior to planting new land to strawberries, fields are plowed and planted to a plowed-down summer cover crop such as Sudan grass, Sudex, buckwheat or oats; and/or a plowed winter cover crop such as winter rye, winter rye plus hairy vetch, winter wheat, winter wheat plus hairy vetch, oats or oats plus hairy vetch for one growing season. 20
________
________
Herbicides in the same class are not applied in successive years.
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly) COLUMN TOTAL
20
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _____________________________ 10 ________ #2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1. _____________________________ 10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
10
________
Additional Practices
Weeds are managed through cultivation or effective herbicide application in bearing beds from renovation until a new layer of mulch is applied in early winter. 10 10
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
________ ________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop). Recommended cultural and mechanical techniques are used for wildlife management (e.g., netting, fencing, scare devices).
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
#5.
_____________________________
10
________
#6.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
STRAWBERRIES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgement: This IPM Checklist for Strawberries is adapted from the New York State IPM Elements for Strawberries, by Joe Kovach, Fruit IPM Coordinator, NYS IPM Program, Cornell University, and from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
SWEET CHERRIES: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices A water quantity and placement plan that minimizes disease development, optimizes water use and minimizes erosion and runoff is used.
20
________
Fertilizer recommendations are based on soil and leaf analysis. Balance nitrogen with tree growth to eliminate fall growth. Choose one: Soil and leaf analysis conducted every year.
15
________
Soil and leaf analysis conducted every two years.
10
________
Soil and leaf analysis conducted every three years.
5
________
Pruning is done annually for bacterial and Cytospora canker control. Prune as close to bloom as possible or immediately after harvest (within two weeks). 20
________
Wild stone fruit trees are removed from property within 100 yards of the perimeter of the orchard.
________
15
Actual Points Earned
Disease Pest Management Fungicide applications for blossom blight and brown rot (where present) are based on disease models, including weather and disease pressure. (Cherries are most susceptible to infection from bloom to pit hardening and three weeks pre-harvest to harvest.) 10
________
Different fungicide chemistry is used for blossom blight spray and for fruit rot (where present) to reduce resistance. 10
________
For cherry leaf spot (where present), weather conditions are monitored and severity of leaf infection is determined by Cooperative Extension Service recommendations.
10
________
For other diseases (bacterial canker, powdery mildew, Phytophthora, etc. (where present), cultural control tactics are employed to reduce severity (water management, pruning timing, brush removal, etc.) and sprays are applied only when appropriate.
10
________
Copper is applied in Fall to remove leaves for bacterial canker control (where present). 15
________
Insect Pest Management
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records, including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year. 10
________
Herbicide sprayer is calibrated at least once a year.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Maximum Potential Points
Arthropod (insects and mites) monitoring methods and thresholds conform to Cooperative Extension IPM Program guidelines. Records kept of all monitoring information collected and thresholds used. 20
________
Sprays for plum curculio (where present) begin after shuck split and end 340 degree days (base 50) after petal fall, or according to other Cooperative Extension Service recommendations specific to your growing region. 10
________
Yellow sticky cards baited with ammonium acetate are used to monitor for cherry fruit flies (where present). Sprays are applied after the first fly is caught. After an appropriate interval, traps are cleaned and a second spray is applied only if additional flies are caught. 10 ________ Terminals (ends of growing branches) are sampled for black cherry aphid (where present) and sprays applied only if needed. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
________ ________
________
(Continued)
SWEET CHERRIES: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Identification and monitoring of other troublesome pests (American plum borer, lesser peachtree borer, obliquebanded leafroller, etc., where present ) are conducted using Cooperative Extension Service recommendations, and appropriate controls are applied. 10 Sampling dates, results and thresholds used are recorded.
10
Actual Points Earned
Actual Points Earned
Education Reference library of one or more books on sweet cherry management is maintained. (List books.) ________ ________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
Weed Pest Management Map problem weeds and locations to tailor herbicide and orchard floor management practices. If herbicides are needed, rate and selection are based on map results.
Maximum Potential Points
10
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations.
Cultivation of herbicide strips or other alternative methods are used as a supplement for herbicides, where appropriate.
10
________
A rye cover crop is planted after harvest for weed control.
15
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension Service or industry trade publications.
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
Rainfall
20
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Hours of leaf wetness
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
Grower maintains a library of one or more titles on pest management.
20
________
#1.
_____________________________
10
________
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2.
_____________________________
10
________
#3.
_____________________________
10
________
#4.
_____________________________
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Additional Practices
COLUMN TOTAL
________
SWEET CHERRIES: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Sweet Cherries is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Sweet Cherries, by Joe Kovach, fruit IPM coordinator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and sweet cherry growers and processors.
FRESH MARKET SWEET CORN: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices All corn stubble on farm is turned under or harrowed by mid-May or after the previous season. 10
________
Field was not planted with corn the previous year.
________
10
Test soil for nutrient status and pH every year. Maintain records of test results and fertilizer applications. 10
________
Test soil organic matter at least once every three years.
________
10
Fertilizer and lime are applied according to test results, crop requirements and expected uptake, accounting for additional nitrogen from organic matter, compost, manure, and cover crops. 20
________
Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. Some is applied at planting and some as a sidedress, as needed. Note: A typical sweet corn crop removes only approximately 10 lbs./acre of nitrogen between germination and 6-leaf stage. Pre-plant broadcast of nitrogen should generally be avoided. 10 ________ If fertilizer is applied at planting, it is applied in a band to increase efficiency and to reduce total fertilizer required. Note: More than a total of 80 lb./acre of nitrogen plus K20 applied in a band may cause crop burning. 10
________
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Compost or manure is applied, its nitrogen contribution is calculated, and fertilizer application reduced accordingly. 20 ___________ An experimental plot to test reduced rates of fertilizer or organic sources of nutrient (e.g., composts, cover crops) is maintained and the results are recorded. 30
________
Pesticide Management Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide and herbicide sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season. 10
________
Sprayer(s) calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed. 10
________
A separate sprayer is used for herbicides and insecticides. 10
________
A boom sprayer with double-drop nozzles is used for sprays where coverage of the ear zone is desirable, or if a mist blower is used, blocks are not greater than 12 rows wide. 10 ________ Records of planting, stage of crop when treated, and harvest dates of fields are maintained by block.
10
________
Pesticide coverage of target area and non-target area is field tested using water-sensitive spray cards.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Insect Pest Management
A pre-sidedress nitrate test is taken. Nitrogen is applied as sidedress according to test results. 20
________
Pheromone trapping is conducted for corn earworm, where present.
10
________
A winter cover crop preceded the corn crop.
________
Pheromone trapping is conducted for European corn borer, where present.
10
________
Pheromone trapping is conducted for fall armyworm, where present.
10
________
Insecticide applications for corn earworm, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. 20
________
10
The cover crop was a legume or legume/grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year's crop was adjusted appropriately. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
________ ________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
FRESH MARKET SWEET CORN: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Insecticide applications for European corn borer, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. 20 Insecticide applications for fall armyworm, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. 20 Occasional pests for which action thresholds are not available are treated only after scouting.
Actual Points Earned
________
________
10
________
Floating row covers are used in early corn through whorl stage to reduce European corn borer, where present. 30
________
Insect pests are kept below economic injury levels by using non-chemical means such as biological insecticides (e.g., Bts) or beneficial insects in at least part of the sweet corn acreage. 30 Avoid use of granular, in-furrow insecticides in fields not at risk for seed corn maggot. (Risk factors include early plantings in cold soil and recent incorporation of cover crops or other decomposing organic matter.) 10
Plants with maize dwarf mosaic virus symptoms are submitted to a diagnostic lab for confirmation.
________
________
20
10
________
________
________
Weed Pest Management Weed maps are prepared mid- to late season, indicating significant weed species and their location. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on weed survey results. 10 ________ 30
________
OR Herbicide rates are reduced through banding of herbicides and cultivation.
20
________
OR Herbicide use is reduced through delayed application of reduced rates of herbicide. COLUMN TOTAL
An experimental plot to test different weed management techniques is maintained. Records are kept of techniques and results. 30
________
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Reference library of one or more books on sweet corn management is maintained. (List books.) #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
Where there is a field history of Stewart's wilt disease, tolerant cultivars are planted in early plantings. 10
Weeds are controlled by cultivation, with no herbicide applied.
Actual Points Earned
Education
Disease Pest Management Where there is a history of maize dwarf mosaic virus, disease resistant cultivars are planted in late plantings.
Maximum Potential Points Weeds within the field, alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed. 10
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
20
________
________ ________
(Continued)
FRESH MARKET SWEET CORN: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management.
Actual Points Earned
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
Recommended cultural and mechanical techniques are used for wildlife management (e.g., netting, fencing, scare devices). 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#5. _________________________________ 10
________
#6. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
FRESH MARKET SWEET CORN: GRAND TOTAL ________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Fresh Market Sweet Corn is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
PROCESSING SWEET CORN: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
10
________
The cover crop was a legume or legume/grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately.
10
________
Compost or manure is applied, its nitrogen contribution is calculated and fertilizer application reduced accordingly.
20
________
An experimental plot to test reduced rates of fertilizer or organic sources of nutrients (e.g., composts, cover crops) is maintained and the results are recorded.
30
________
________
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Insecticide/fungicide and herbicide sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season.
10
________
Sprayer(s) calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed.
10
________
A separate sprayer is used for herbicides and insecticides.
10
________
A boom sprayer with double-drop nozzles is used for sprays where coverage of the ear zone is desirable, or if a mist blower is used, blocks are not greater than 12 rows wide.
10
________
Records of planting, stage of crop when treated and harvest dates of fields are maintained by block.
10
________
Pesticide coverage of target area and non-target areas is field tested using water-sensitive spray cards.
10
________
Pesticides that have the least environmental impact are used. Pesticides that preserve natural enemies are used. 20
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Actual Points Earned
All corn stubble on farm is turned under or harrowed by mid-May or after the previous season.
10
________
Field was not planted with corn the previous year, to avoid anthracnose, smut and Northern corn leaf blight.
10
________
10
Test soil for nutrient status and pH every year. Maintain records of test results and fertilizer applications.
10
________
Test soil organic matter at least once every three years.
10
________
Fertilizer and lime are applied according to test results and crop requirements and expected uptake, accounting for additional nitrogen from organic matter, compost, manure and cover crops. Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. Some is applied at planting and some as a sidedress, as needed. Note: A typical sweet corn crop removes only approximately 10 lbs./acre of nitrogen between germination and 6-leaf stage. Pre-plant broadcast of nitrogen should generally be avoided).
20
10
________
________
If fertilizer is applied at planting, it is in a band to increase efficiency and to reduce total fertilizer required. Note: More than a total of 80 lb./acre of nitrogen plus K20 applied in a band may cause crop burning. 10
________
A pre-sidedress nitrate test is taken. Nitrogen is applied as sidedress according to test results.
________
COLUMN TOTAL
20
Actual Points Earned
A winter cover crop preceded the corn crop.
Cultural Practices
If crop rotation is not possible and corn has been grown in the previous year, scout field in late season for presence of corn rootworm adults. Apply soil insecticides the following Spring only if adult counts were over action threshold.
Maximum Potential Points
________
Pesticide Management
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
PROCESSING SWEET CORN: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Insect Pest Management Pheromone trapping is conducted for corn earworm, where present.
10
________
Pheromone trapping is conducted for fall armyworm, where present.
10
________
Pheromone trapping is conducted for European corn borer, where present.
10
Insecticide applications for corn earworm, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. 20
________
________
Insecticide applications for European corn borer, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. 20
________
Insecticide applications for fall armyworm, where present, correspond to action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension.
20
________
Occasional pests for which action thresholds are not available are treated only after scouting.
10
________
Insect pests are kept below economic injury levels by using non-chemical means such as biological insecticides (e.g., Bts) or beneficial insects in at least part of the sweet corn acreage. Test leaving out planter box insecticide for seed corn maggot treatment for fields where cover crops have not been used, organic matter is not high, and field is rotated with a non-corn crop.
30
30
________
________
20
________
10
________
Where there is a field history of Stewart’s wilt disease, tolerant cultivars are planted in early plantings.
10
________
Use fungicide seed treatments for control of root and seed rots.
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Weed maps are prepared mid- to late season, indicating significant weed species and their location. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on weed survey results. 10 ________ Weeds are controlled by cultivation, with no herbicide applied. 30 OR Herbicide rates are reduced through banding of herbicides and cultivation. 20 OR Herbicide use is reduced thru delayed application of reduced rates of herbicide. 20
________
Weeds within the fields, alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed. 10
________
________
________
An experimental plot to test different weed management techniques is maintained. Records are kept of techniques and results. 30 ________
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily. Min/max temperatures Rainfall Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20 20
________ ________
20
________
Education
Plants with maize dwarf mosaic virus symptoms are submitted to a diagnostic lab for confirmation.
Experiment by using the biological control Trichoderma in combination with recommended seed treatments on a portion of acreage.
Actual Points Earned
Weather and Crop Monitoring
Disease Pest Management Where there is a history of maize dwarf mosaic virus, disease resistant cultivars are planted in late plantings.
Weed Pest Management
Maximum Potential Points
Reference library of one or more books on sweet corn management is maintained. (List books.) #1. _________________________________ 10 ________ #2. _________________________________ 10 ________ Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extensionapproved workshops during the year. (List below.) #1. _________________________________ 10 ________ #2. _________________________________ 10 ________ Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. (List below.) #1. _________________________________ 10 #2. _________________________________ 10
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications. (List below.) #1. _________________________________ 10 ________ #2. _________________________________ 10 ________
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices (i.e., wash hands) are instituted. 10 ________ #2. _________________________________ 10 COLUMN TOTAL
30
________ ________
________ ________
PROCESSING SWEET CORN: GRAND TOTAL
________ ________
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist is adapted from the Elements of Processing Sweet Corn IPM in New York, by Curt Petzoldt, Vegetable IPM Coordinator, NYS IPM Program, Cornell University, and from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, Publication No. SP-136.
FIELD GROWN TOMATO: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices Crop rotation is practiced as follows: Field has not been planted with tomatoes for three previous years. OR Field has not been planted with tomatoes for two previous years. OR Field has not been planted with tomatoes the previous year.
30 20 10
________ ________
________
If early or late cultivars are used, they are grown in separate (isolated) fields. 10
________
Some plants with resistance to soil-borne diseases are grown.
20
________
Some plants with resistance to foliar diseases are grown.
20
________
High tunnels are employed for early season crop. No chemicals are used for insect and disease control.
30
________
________
Sprayer(s) calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed.
10
________
A separate sprayer is used for herbicides and insecticides.
10
________
A boom sprayer is used for fungicide and insecticide applications to reduce spread of bacterial diseases.
10
________
On staked or trellis tomatoes, a drop nozzle system is used for fungicide applications.
10
________
Pesticide coverage of target area and non-target areas is field tested using water-sensitive spray cards.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
________
To minimize fertilizer leaching:
________
________
A pre-sidedress nitrate test is taken to determine amount of nitrate-nitrogen available. Additional nitrogen is applied as sidedress only as needed according to test results. 20
________
Crop residue is turned under (plowed or disked deeply) after harvest.
________
COLUMN TOTAL
10
10
________
10
Plants are grown in stake and weave or “basket weave” culture.
________
10
10
________
Insecticide/fungicide and herbicide sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season.
Test soil for organic matter at least once every three years.
10
________
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Nitrogen fertilizer is applied by split application. One application is made just before planting and one or more applications are made as a sidedress (or through trickle irrigation). OR Some fertilizer is applied in a broad band in the bed at planting and covered with plastic. This increases nitrogen availability to the plant and reduces risk of leaching.
10
The cover crop was a legume or legume/grass mix. Its nitrogen contribution was calculated and fertilizer for this year’s crop was adjusted appropriately. 10
Pesticide Management
10
20
A winter cover crop preceded the tomato crop.
Actual Points Earned
________
Test soil for nutrient status and pH every year. Maintain records of test results and fertilizer applications.
Fertilizer and lime are applied according to test results, crop requirements and expected uptake, accounting for additional nitrogen from organic matter, compost, manure and cover crops.
Maximum Potential Points
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
FIELD GROWN TOMATO: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
Actual Points Earned
Insecticides are applied for aphid control only if aphid densities exceed action thresholds recommended by Cooperative Extension. Where present, Colorado potato beetle densities are monitored weekly from transplant to fruit set, counting numbers of larvae and adults on 25-50 plants per field. Defoliation estimates and percentage of clipped stems are recorded weekly. Where present, Colorado potato beetle controls are applied according to Cooperative Extension recommended action thresholds. Where present, Colorado potato beetles are monitored weekly from fruit set to harvest by rating infestations as absent, light, medium or heavy. Percentage fruit injury and percentage defoliation are recorded. Where present, Colorado potato beetle controls are applied after fruit set only if fruit injury or defoliation exceeds Cooperative Extension-recommended action thresholds.
10
10
10
10
10
10
Where they are problem pests, hornworms, spider mites and other occasional pests are monitored during weekly scouting. Controls are applied only if defoliation or infestation exceeds 20 percent of plants or if injury is significant. 10
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
Where tomato fruitworm is a frequent pest, population by egg sampling or pheromone traps and/or fruit and foliage damage is monitored.
10
________
If hornworm control is needed, Bt used for control.
10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
Actual Points Earned
Tomato seed has been: ________
Insect Pest Management Where present, aphids (green peach aphid, potato aphid, melon aphid) are monitored weekly by direct observation of two leaves per plant on 25 to 50 plants per field.
Disease Pest Management
Maximum Potential Points
Tested and found to be disease-free; OR Treated with sodium hypochlorite; OR Treated with hot water.
10
________
20
________
30
________
Transplants are grown in-state.
10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, the growing medium does not include field soil. 10
________
Tomato plants are not grown in the same greenhouse with ornamental plants.
10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, sanitation practices in the greenhouse include cleaning of benches, trays, hoses, etc. and avoiding contamination of the transplant media and hoses. 10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, humidity in the greenhouse is reduced through proper timing of watering, ventilation and air circulation. 10
________
If transplants are grown on-farm, streptomycin or copper-based material is used ONLY if farm has a problem or a history of bacterial canker or other bacterial diseases of tomato. 10
________
In the field, from transplant to four weeks after transplanting, fungicide/bactericide mixtures are used ONLY if farm has a history of bacterial canker or other bacterial diseases of tomato. 10
________
More than four weeks after transplanting, bactericides are applied only if symptoms of bacterial diseases are present on the farm. 10
________
Initial fungicides for control of early blight and Septoria leaf spot are triggered by date (first week of July) or disease forecasting (TOMCAST software, or accumulation of 35 Disease Severity Values (DSV) since planting). 20
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
FIELD GROWN TOMATO: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Fields are monitored weekly for disease. Scouting results, including disease symptoms, percent infested plants and percent of foliage with symptoms are recorded. 10
Actual Points Earned
________
Diseases are accurately identified by the grower, consultant or diagnostic laboratory. 10 ________ After July 1, scheduling of fungicides for control of Alternaria early blight and Septoria is based upon: Disease forecasting according to local weather information (cumulative TOMCAST DSV = 15 since previous spray). 30 ________ OR Favorable weather (i.e., long leaf wetness periods and warm temperatures); a record is kept of weather conditions. 20 ________ OR Presence of disease symptoms. 10 ________ Chemical controls for disease other than Alternaria early blight, Septoria leaf spot and bacterial canker are applied only after accurate diagnosis and when chemicals are effective against the disease. 10
________
Fungicides and bactericides are applied only when the application will be followed by a drying period of at least two hours.
________
10
Precautions are taken to avoid spreading pathogens during pruning and tying of plants. The crop is worked only when plants are dry. 10 If late blight is identified as present in the field, protectant fungicides are used to prevent the spread of the disease.
10
________
________
Weed Pest Management Weed maps are prepared mid- to late season, indicating significant weed species and their location. Herbicide rate, selection and spot or strip sprays are based on weed survey results. 10 Weeds are controlled by cultivation, hand hoeing, mowed living mulch, plastic mulch, and/or organic mulch. No herbicide is applied. 30 OR Herbicide rates are reduced through use of plastic mulch and banding of pre- and post-emergent herbicides only between the mulch; 20 COLUMN TOTAL
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
AND/OR Post-emergent herbicides are used as an alternative to pre-emergent herbicides in response to weeds observed and recorded in early season surveys.
10
________
Weeds within the fields, alleys and roadways are prevented from going to seed.
10
________
An experimental plot to test different weed management techniques is maintained. Records are kept of techniques and results.
30
________
Education Reference library of one or more books on tomato management is maintained. (List books.) #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2 _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications.
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management.
________
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
________
(Continued)
FIELD GROWN TOMATO: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Additional Practices Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#5. _________________________________ 10
________
#6. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
FIELD GROWN TOMATO: GRAND TOTAL
________
Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Field Grown Tomato is adapted from the Massachusetts Integrated Pest Management Guidelines, published by the University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension, Publication No. SP-136.
GREENHOUSE TOMATO: IPM Checklist Editor’s Note: How much progress can you make toward full implementation of IPM in your operation? This checklist suggests IPM practices you might apply. To use the checklist, give yourself full or partial credit for each practice you complete by writing in a point score for each, then tallying your total. Compare your score to the maximum potential points listed in the first column. How does this year’s total compare to last year? Which practices will you implement next year? Use the blank lines to describe IPM practices you develop, or those specific to your region.
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Cultural Practices No other crop is grown in tomato production greenhouses.
10
________
Maintain weed-free greenhouse.
10
________
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Conduct monthly foliage analysis.
10
________
Base nutrient program on foliage analysis reports.
10
________
Use EC meter to formulate and test nutrient solutions.
10
________
Approved and registered pesticides are used according to label. Application records including date, location, applicator, target pest, pesticide name, EPA registration number, formulation, rate and number of acres treated are maintained. 10
________
Pesticide Management
Scout weekly for insects, diseases and weeds.
10
________
Maintain scouting records.
10
________
Insecticide/fungicide and herbicide sprayers are calibrated at the start of the season. 10
________
Maintain plant-free zone around greenhouse.
10
________
Sprayer(s) calibration is checked at least once during the season and recalibrated as needed.
10
________
Drift is minimized.
10
________
Among pesticides of comparable efficacy, the one with the least risks to farmworker safety, natural enemies and the environment is selected. 10
________
Pre-season Maintain a one-month crop-free, weed-free period.
10
________
Disinfect all surfaces in greenhouse.
10
________
Discard or steam-sterilize growing medium used for crop production.
10
________
Disinfect irrigation system.
10
________
Transplant production Purchase hot water-treated seed.
10
________
Use new or steam-sterilized growing medium for transplant production.
10
________
Where market allows, choose the most disease-resistant varieties.
20
________
Grow transplants in separate greenhouses from other crops. 10
________
Crop production Keep daily records of maintenance procedures including fertilizer applications, dates of growth stages, and maximum and minimum temperatures. 10 Test water for presence of carbonates and other minerals that can interfere with maintaining appropriate pH and solubility of fertilizer salts. 10 Test pH of water before adding fertilizer to determine if fertilizer components will remain in solution. Test pH of final drip solution regularly. 10 COLUMN TOTAL
Insect Pest Management Screen all greenhouse openings where possible.
20
________
Monitor insects with yellow sticky traps. Check weekly. Replace when needed.
10
________
Begin releases of appropriate natural enemies at recommended rates and intervals at the first sign of insect pests.
20
________
Use insecticides only against those pests for which effective natural enemies are not available.
30
________
10
________
Ventilate to minimize condensation and to complete one full air exchange with outside air daily. 10
________
After fruit set, remove diseased leaves below fruit and remove from greenhouse area. 10
________
Remove any diseased foliage or fruit and remove from greenhouse area. 10
________
Disease Pest Management ________
________
________ ________
Maintain adequate plant spacing for air circulation (at least 4 sq. ft./plant).
COLUMN TOTAL
________
(Continued)
GREENHOUSE TOMATO: IPM Checklist (CONTINUED) Maximum Potential Points Remove flowers from bottom of fruit to minimize disease spread. 10 Do not allow smoking by anyone who touches foliage or greenhouse surfaces.
Actual Points Earned
10
________ ________
Maximum Potential Points
Actual Points Earned
Grower is a member of one or more grower associations. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________ ________
Anyone touching plants washes hands and disinfects tools before entering or traveling between houses.
10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
Remove flowers from bottom of fruit to minimize disease spread.
10
________
Fungicides applied only if disease is present.
Grower subscribes to one or more Cooperative Extension or industry trade publications.
10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
Weather and Crop Monitoring
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
Weather and crop parameters are monitored and recorded daily.
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Min/max temperatures
20
________
Rainfall
20
________
Stage of plant development (by cultivar weekly)
20
________
Grower maintains a library of one or more books on pest management. #1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
Education
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Reference library of one or more books on tomato management is maintained. (List books.)
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
Additional Practices
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Fieldworker sanitation practices are instituted (i.e., wash hands before harvesting/handling crop).
10
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
Grower attends one or more Cooperative Extension-approved workshops during the year.
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
#1. _________________________________ 10
________
#5. _________________________________ 10
________
#2. _________________________________ 10
________
#6. _________________________________ 10
________
#3. _________________________________ 10
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________
#4. _________________________________ 10
________
GREENHOUSE TOMATO: GRAND TOTAL
________
COLUMN TOTAL
________ Acknowledgment: This IPM Checklist for Greenhouse Tomato is adapted from the New York State Integrated Pest Management Elements for Greenhouse Tomato, by Abby Seaman, IPM area educator, with input from Cornell research scientists, Cooperative Extension educators, and greenhouse tomato growers.
