Sustainable water management in the city opportunities and solutions for the anthropic environmental impacts reduction and urban resilience increase

Dr. Fabio Masi. PhD R&D Manager IRIDRA – IWA SG Wetland Systems for WPC Chair

Urbanization is growing worldwide

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change” 1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change” 1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban sprawl negative impacts • Nutrients concentrations increase • Sediments and turbidity increase • Light penetration reduction - reduced photosintesis and decreased water habitat

• Increase of contaminants and toxic agents (i.e. HMs e POPs) • Impact over groundwater • Variation of the inlet hydrograms in the water body • Increased flow, volumes and flooding risk • Loss of riparian zones in the river bed

• Increased side-stream erosion • Loss of biodiversity

URBAN STORMWATER MANAGEMENT: A TOO MUCH RIGID APPROACH

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Climate change impacts

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change” 1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban Water Integrated Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change” 1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

What if all the money for the underground infrastructures could be invested at surface level for improving ecosystem services?

Sustainable Urban Drainage (SUDS - Sustainable urban drainage systems)

SUDS

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE

•WATER QUALITY INCREASE; •LOWER FLOODING RISK; •INTEGRATED DESIGN OF URBAN GREEN; •SAVING IN NETWORKS CAPEX AND OPEX

15

SUDS Benefits • Mitigation and adaptation to the climate change challenges • Resilience to future changes • Increased biodiversity • Infrastructures renewal • Possibility of reuse of water in arid countries

• Aesthetic improvements and more liveable cities

SUDS Techniques • Green Roofs

SUDS Techniques • Green Roofs • Permeable paving

SUDS Techniques • Green Roofs • Permeable paving • Filtering Trenches

SUDS Techniques • • • •

Green Roofs Permeable paving Filtering Trenches Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens

SUDS Techniques • • • •

Green Roofs Permeable paving Filtering Trenches Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens • Ponds / extended retention basins

SUDS Scale of intervention • Urban

SUDS Scale of intervention • Urban • Peri-urban

SUDS Scale of intervention • Urban • Peri-urban • Extra-urban

SUDS typologies

• Before-pipe Rainwater pools Ingresso acque meteoriche Vegetazione Zona di ristagno Terreno vegetale

Medium di riempimento Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)

Infiltrazione

Vegetated retention strip

SUDS typologies

• Before-pipe

• End-of-pipe (CSO)

Rainwater pool Ingresso acque meteoriche

CSO-CW

Vegetazione Zona di ristagno Terreno vegetale

Medium di riempimento Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)

Infiltrazione

Vegetated retention strip

SUDS before-pipe Postdamer Platz – BERLIN (GERMANY)

SUDS before-pipe Postdamer Platz BERLIN – Storage/buffer basin

SUDS before-pipe Kronsberg HANNOVER Ecovillage Bioretention System

Lake

Wetland System

Wetland System

Vegetated Swale

Rain Garden

Bioretention System

SUDS in urban area Kronsberg HANNOVER Trenches and channels

“rigolen” “pond”

SUDS before-pipe Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench

SUDS before-pipe Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench

SUDS before-pipe Kronsberg HANNOVER – Ponds

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff VILLESE-GORIZIA 60 treatment wetlands in 17 km of highway •

off-line treatment

•

on-line treatment

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff VILLESE-GORIZIA – Off-line treatment

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff VILLESE-GORIZIA – On-line treatment •

Sand and oil/greases traps

•

Second flush overflow device

•

Extended vegetated filtration system

VASCA DI FILTRAZIONE DISPOSITIVO SCOLMATORE

S

DISSABBIATORE/DISOLEATORE

0.00

-0.50

-1.40 m

AL SISTEMA POND+ARV

SUDS end-of-pipe CSO onsite treatment (CSO – combined sewer overflow)

Strada

Agglomerato Urbano Bacino di Captazione

Fognatura Mista Tubazione dello Scolmatore Scolmatore (CSO)

Corpo idrico

Scarico dello scolmatore All’impianto di depurazione

Simulation of a CSO event

SUDS end-of-pipe

GORLA MAGGIORE (Province of Milan – Italy) Population equivalent Drained surface 1° flush of rain volume max flow 1° flush (l/s) Total system area Buffered water volume (m3) Capex Opex In operation since 2012

2000 56 ha 989 m3 640 7000 m2 7.700 900.000 € 5.000 €/y

SUDS end-of-pipe GORLA MAGGIORE

SUDS end-of-pipe Lyon (France) CSO CW

ZO N A I MMI SSI O N E

FLU SS O

SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands O PER A D I PR ESA

TR AV ER SA PER D EV I A ZI O N E FLU SSO

STA G N O D I SED I MEN TA ZI O N E ZO N A A C Q U A PR O FO N D A SED I MEN TA ZI O N E

PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H E SPO N D A LI ZO N A A MI C R O FI TE SO MMER SE

ZONA LI TORANE A

LETTI FI LTR A N TI C O N PH R A G MI TES PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H E SPO N D A LI

ZO N A MA C R O FI TE

I SO LA SPEC C H I D I A C Q U A LI B ER A D EV I ATO R E D I FLU SSO

SB A R R A MEN TO

ZO N A U SC I TA STR U TTU R A D I U SC I TA

SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands CA’ DI MEZZO - CHIOGGIA (VE)

EXAMPLES

Parc de la Seille à Metz Jacques COULON et Laure Planchais – Landscape architect SINBIO – Ecological Engineering INGEROP – Geotechnicien Yves Adrien – Light technology

Constructed 2000 - 2002

CENTRE

QUEULEU Quartier de l’Amphithéâtr e

Parc de la Seille

SABLON

Photo satellite Ville de Metz > geoportail.fr

Dry basin, 2200 m3 Bisannuel to decennial storms  Infiltration + limited discharge into Seille river

Run off from new urban development area Reed bed filter 2200 m², 1200 m3 Pond, 2200 m3 Wetland, 600 m² Discharge into Seille River

9 ha of active surface area (quartier de l’Amphithéâtre, Centre Pompidou – Metz) Collection and transfert of the decennial storm event Retention of the biannual storm event on the reed beds and the ponds, thus up to 3400 m3 Metz parc destorm la Seillein– a SINBIO + Jacques COULON Retention of the decennial dry bassin (playground), plus 4700 m3

Reed bed filter : retention + filtration

Pond : additional retention volume

Wetland : polishing and discharge Outflow regulation

Metz parc de la Seille

Playground : Additional storage capacity for rare events + infiltration

Metz parc de la Seille

Parc Ouagadougou, Grenoble Winner of the NOVATECH award 2013 http://www.novatech.graie.org/

Grenoble, parc Ouagadougou Irrigation of gardens with treated waters

Water 21, october 2013, page 12 - 14

Thanks for the attention