Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards Outokumpu
Outokumpu supports further harmonisation of data and document structures within ISO to improve quality and efficiency of technical communication and facilitate growth of the total stainless steel market. Harmonised standards and new designations are gradually being implemented in our systems. This overview is a guideline. It will be updated continuously.
Outokumpu is one of the world’s leading stainless steel producers. The Group combines cost-efficient production with a global sales and distribution network and offers customers one of the broadest product ranges on the market. Outokumpu’s focus is exclusively on stainless steel and the company strive for product development in close cooperation with customers. The vision is to become “The undisputed number one in Stainless”.
Information about standards is provided by: • Avesta Research Centre, Applications department Tel: +46 (0)226 810 00; Fax: +46 (0)226 810 77
Technical support is provided by:
• Tornio Works, Quality Control
• Sales companies and production units
Tel: +358 (0)16 45 25 70; Fax: +358 (0)16 45 23 50
• Avesta Research Centre
• Outokumpu Plate Inc., New Castle, USA
Tel: +46 (0)226 810 00; Fax: +46 (0)226 810 77
Tel: +1 765 529 0120; Fax: +1 765 529 8177
• Tornio Research Centre Tel: +358 (0)16 4521; Fax: +358 (0)16 452 350 • www.outokumpu.com
Contents Steel grades, chemical composition, products . . . . . . . . . . Traditional steel designations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical properties, RT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical properties, HT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical properties, LT; Design codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schaeffler diagram and microstructures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physical properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabrication and use characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ordering and classification principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stainless steel material standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Product properties, test methods; Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . .
Data The data in this publication are from the latest EN and ASTM standards or drafts. They are complemented with Outokumpu typical values, generally for hot rolled plate, 10–20 mm, transverse direction and a standard test method. Materials data for other products forms and fabricated conditions are available in separate brochures.
Stainless Steel Standards National standards within Europe are now being superseded by EN, and the global stainless steel market will be based on EN, ASTM and JIS standards.
Stainless Steel Products from Outokumpu Product
Code
Production unit or subsidiary
Hot rolled plate (Quarto)
P
Degerfors, New Castle
Hot rolled strip/sheet (CPP)
H
Tornio Works, Avesta Works/Steckel and supplying units
Cold rolled strip/sheet
C
Tornio Works, Avesta Works, Thin Strip Nyby, Thin Strip Kloster
Table 1
Cold rolled narrow strip
N
Sheffield Special Strip
Bar
B
Outokumpu Stainless Bar (Richburg), Degerfors Stainless (Degerfors)
Rod
R
ASR Rod Mill (Sheffield), Fagersta Stainless (Fagersta)
Tube and pipe
T
Outokumpu Stainless Tubular Products (Fagersta, Torshälla, Storfors, Jakobstad, Wildwood)
Fittings
F
Outokumpu Stainless Tubular Products (Örnsköldsvik, Molkom, Veteli, Brockville)
DUPROF , High strength profiles D
Outokumpu PSC Nordic (Degerfors)
Manufactured products
Outokumpu Prefab (Avesta), Outokumpu Press Plate (Avesta), ÖMV (Örnsköldsvik)
TM
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Outokumpu steel name
Typical chemical composition, % C N Cr Ni Mo Others
Products
Ferritic
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
S40977 410S 430 S43932 444
– SUS 403 SUS 430 – SUS 404
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
0.02 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02
– 0.01 – – 0.01
11.5 12.5 16,5 18 17.8
0.5 – – – –
– – – – 2.1
– – – Nb Ti Ti
PHC P HCNBR C PN
Martensitic
1.4006 1.4005 1.4021 1.4028 1.4313 1.4548* 1.4418
410 416 420 420 S41500 – –
SUS 410 SUS 416 SUS 420J1 SUS 420J2 SUS Ti6NM – –
4006 4005 4021 4028 4313 4548 248 SV
0.12 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.03 0.05 0.03
0.04 0.04 – – 0.04 0.07 –
12 13 13 12.5 12.5 15.5 16
– – – – 4.1 4.2 5
– – – – 0.6 – 1
– S – – – Mn –
PBR BR BR R P R (P) B
Duplex
1.4162* 1.4362 1.4462 1.4501 1.4410
S32101 S32304 S322051) S32760 S32750
– – SUS 329J3L – –
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.22 0.10 0.17 0.27 0.27
21.5 23 22 25.4 25
1.5 4.8 5.7 6.9 7
0.3 0.3 3.1 3.8 4
5Mn – – W –
P P P P P
1.4310 1.4318 1.4372 1.4568
301 301LN 201 631
SUS SUS SUS SUS
301 301L 201 631
4310 4318 4372 4568
0.10 0.02 0.05 0.08
– 0.14 0.20 0.02
17 17.7 17 16.6
7 6.5 4 7.6
– – – –
– – 7Mn Al
HCNBR HC HCNR R
1.4301 1.4307 1.4311 1.4541 1.4550 1.4305 1.4303 1.4306 1.4567
304 304L 304LN 321 347 303 305 304L S30430
SUS – SUS SUS SUS SUS SUS SUS SUS
304
4301 4307 4311 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306 4567
0.04 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.01
– – 0.14 – 0.04 – – – –
18.1 18.1 18.5 17.3 17.5 17.3 17.7 18.2 17.7
8.1 8.1 9.2 9.1 9.5 8.2 12.5 10.1 9.7
– – – – – – – – –
– – – Ti Nb S – – 3Cu
PHC PHC PHC PHC PCN PBR PHC PHC BR
1.4401 1.4404 1.4427* 1.4436 1.4432 1.4406 1.4429 1.4571 1.44352) 1.3952*
316 316L – 316 316L 316LN S31653 316Ti 316L –
SUS – – SUS – SUS SUS SUS SUS –
316
4401 4404 4427 4436 4432 4406 4429 4571 44352) 3952
0.04 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02
– – 0.05 – – 0.14 0.14 – – 0.18
17.2 17.2 16.9 16.9 16.9 17.2 17.3 16.8 17.3 16.9
10.1 10.1 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.3 12.5 10.9 12.6 13.2
2.1 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.7
– – S – – – – Ti – –
P P P P P P P P P P
H C N B RT F H C N B RT F
1.4438 1.4439 1.4466 1.3964* 1.4539 1.4529 1.4547 1.4565
317L 317LMN4) S31050 – 904L N08926 S31254 S34565
SUS 317L – – – – – – –
4438 4439 725LN 3964 904L 4529 254 SMO® 4565
0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
– 0.14 0.12 0.27 – 0.20 0.20 0.45
18.2 17.3 25 20.5 20 20.5 20 24
13.7 13.7 22.3 15.4 25 24.8 18 17
3.1 4.1 2.1 3.2 4.3 6.5 6.1 4.5
– – – Mn, Nb 1.5Cu Cu Cu 5.5Mn
P P P P P P P P
CNBR C
1.4713 1.4724 1.4742 1.4762
– – – –
– – – –
4713 4724 4742 4762
0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08
0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
6.5 12.3 17.5 23.4
– – – –
– – – –
0.7AI 0.8AI 1AI 1.4AI
P P P P
1.4948 1.48783) 1.4818 1.48333) 1.4828 1.4835 1.48453) 1.4841
304H 321 S30415 309S3) – S30815 310S3) 314
SUS 304 SUS 321 – SUS 309 SUH 309 – SUS 310S –
4948 4878 153MA™ 4833 4828 253MA® 4845 4841
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.07
– – 0.15 – – 0.17 – 0.05
18.1 17.3 18.5 22.3 20 21 25 24.5
8.3 9.1 9.5 12.6 12 11 20 19.5
– – – – – – – –
– Ti 1.3Si, Ce – 2Si 1.6Si, Ce – 2Si
P P P P P P P P
Austenitic
International steel designation EN ASTM/UNS JIS
Ferritic
HEAT AND CREEP
Table 2
Austenitic
WET CORROSION AND GENERAL SERVICE
Steel Grades, Chemical Composition, Products
304LN 321 347 303 305J1 304L XM7
316 316LN 316LN 316Ti 316L
H C RT F D H C RT F D H C N B RT F D C N HT
H H H R H H
N N N N R
B B B B
RT F RT F R RT F
NBR N B RT F
C N B RT F C N B RT F CNBR C N B RT F C N B RT F
H C N B RT F H C N B RT F
HC HC CN HC HC HC HC
BR NBR B RT NBR NBR N B RT NBR
* designation according to Stahl Eisen Liste (Register of European Steels)
1) Also available as S31803 2) 724L is a modified version of 4435 for Urea applications 3) Additional creep resisting grades are: 1.4941, 1.4950, 1.4951 4) 317LMN not available in all product forms
The grades listed represent the Outokumpu steel programme. Other grades are also available. The Outokumpu steel names are generic and cover corresponding steel numbers/names, which may not have the same chemical composition limits. Multicertification is made on request to EN/ASTM/
ASME as well as to superseded national standards. EN steel numbers are listed in: Stahl Eisen Liste. ASTM/ASME steel numbers are listed in: Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS).
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Traditional Steel Designations
Table 3
Outokumpu steel name
National designations, superseded by EN BS/UK DIN/Germany
NF/France
SS/Sweden
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
– 403S17 430S17 – –
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
– Z8 Z8 Z3 Z3
C12 C17 CT Nb 18 CDT 18-02
– 2301 2320 – 2326
4006 4005 4021 4028 4313 4548 248 SV
410S21 416S21 420S29 420S45 – – –
1.4006 1.4005 1.4021 1.4028 1.4313 – 1.4418
Z10 C13 Z11 CF13 Z20 C13 Z33 C13 Z6 CN 13-04 – Z6 CND 16-05-01
2302 2380 2303 2304 2385 – 2387
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
– – 318S13 – –
– 1.4362 1.4462 – –
– Z3 CN 23-04 Az Z3 CND 22-05 Az – Z3 CND 25-06 Az
– 2327 2377 – 2328
4310 4318 4372 4568
301S21 – 284S16 –
1.4310 – – 1.4568
Z11 CN 18-08 Z3 CN 18-07 Az Z12 CMN 17-07 Az Z9 CNA 17-07
2331 – – 2388
4301* 4307* 4311* 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306* 4567
304S31 304S11 304S61 321S31 347S31 303S31 305S19 304S11 304S17
1.4301 1.4307 1.4311 1.4541 1.4550 1.4305 1.4303 1.4306 1.4567
Z7 Z3 Z3 Z6 Z6 Z8 Z1 Z3 Z3
CN 18-09 CN 18-10 CN 18-10 Az CNT 18-10 CNNb 18-10 CNF 18-09 CN 18-12 CN 18-10 CNU 18-09 FF
2333 2352 2371 2337 2338 2346 – 2352 –
4401* 4404* 4427
316S31 316S11 –
1.4401 1.4404 –
Z7 CND 17-11-02 Z3 CND 17-11-02 –
2347 2348 –
4436* 4432* 4406* 4429* 4571 4435* 3952
316S33 316S13 316S61 316S63 320S31 316S13 –
1.4436 1.4432 1.4406 1.4429 1.4571 1.4435 –
Z7 Z3 Z3 Z3 Z6 Z3 –
CND 18-12-03 CND 18-14-03 CND 17-11 Az CND 17-12 Az CNDT 17-12 CND 18-14-03
2343 2353 – 2375 2350 2353 –
4438 4439 725LN 3964 904L 4529 254 SMO® 4565
317S12 – – – 904S13 – – –
1.4438 1.4439 1.4466 – 1.4539 – – 1.4565
Z3 Z3 Z2 – Z2 – – –
CND 19-15-04 CND 18-14-05 Az CND 25-22 Az
2367 – – – 2562 – 2378 –
4713 4724 4742 4762
– – – –
1.4713 1.4724 1.4742 1.4762
– Z13 C13 Z12 CAS18 Z12 CAS25
– – – –
4948 4878 153MA™ 4833 4828 253MA® 4845 4841
304S51 321S51 – 309S16 – – 310S16 314S25
1.4948 1.4878 – 1.4833 1.4828 – 1.4845 1.4841
Z6 CN 18-09 Z6 CNT 18-10 – Z15 CN 24-13 Z17 CNS 20-12 – Z8 CN 25-20 Z15 CNS 25-20
2333 2337 2372 – – 2368 2361 –
NCDU 25-20
* Available in compositions optimised for forming operations.
PRODUCT CODES P = Hot rolled plate (Quarto) H = Hot rolled strip/sheet (CPP) C = Cold rolled strip/sheet N = Cold rolled narrow strip B = Bar R = Rod T = Tube/pipe F = Fittings D = DUPROFTM, profiles in high strength stainless steel
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Mechanical Properties, Room Temperature Outokumpu steel name
Outokumpu typical values Rp0.2 Rp1.0 Rm A5 No. MPa MPa MPa %
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
P P C C P
360 430 270 320 380 360 360 400
4006 2) 4005 4021 1) 4028 4313 2) 4548 248 SV 2)
P 300 360 560 30 R 350 450 550 20 P 500 580 650 20 P P 700 770 850 20 R 850 1050 1100 22 P 750 810 915 18
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
P P P P P
480 450 510 507 560
700 670 750 805 830
4310 4318 4372 4568
C C C R
300 360 390 210
800 765 720 700
4301 4307 4311 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306 4567
1.4006 450 650 12 – 1.4021 450 650 12 1.4028 600 800 10 1.4313 630 780 15 70 – 1.4418 660 840 14 55
S41000 205 – S42010 S42000 S41500 620 – –
450
20
690 795
15 15
38 40 35 35 35
1.4162 1.4362 400 630 25 60 1.4462 460 640 25 60 1.4501 530 730 25 60 1.4410 530 730 20 60
S32101 S32304 S32205 S32760 S32750
450 400 450 550 550
650 600 655 750 795
30 25 25 25 15
50 47 45 50
1.4310 250 280 600 40 1.4318 350 380 650 40 60 1.4372 350 380 750 45 1.4568
S30100 S30153 S20100 –
205 240 310
515 550 655
40 45 40
P 290 330 600 55 P 280 320 580 55 P 320 360 640 55 P 250 290 570 55 P 260 290 595 45 P 275 – 585 35 C 250 280 570 50 P 280 320 580 55 B
1.4301 1.4307 1.4311 1.4541 1.4550 1.4305 1.4303 1.4306 1.4567
45 60 45 60 40 60 40 60 40 60 35 45 45 60 45
S30400 S30403 S30453 S32100 S34700 S30300 S30500 S30403 S30430
205 170 205 205 205 205 170 170
515 485 515 515 515 515 485 485
40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
4401 4404 4427 4436 4432 4406 4429 4571 4435 3952
P P p P P P P P P P
280 280 260 300 280 320 350 270 270 330
320 320 300 340 320 360 390 310 310 380
570 570 550 590 570 620 670 570 570 670
55 55 22 50 50 50 45 50 55 50
1.4401 220 260 520 45 60 1.4404 220 260 520 45 60 – 1.4436 220 260 530 40 60 1.4432 220 260 520 45 60 1.4406 280 320 580 40 60 1.4429 280 320 580 40 60 1.4571 220 260 520 40 60 1.4435 220 260 520 45 60 –
S31600 S31603 – S31600 S31603 S31653 S31653 S31635 S31603 –
205 170
515 485
40 40
205 170 205 205 205 170
515 485 515 515 515 485
40 40 40 40 40 40
4438 4439 725LN 3964 904L 4529 254 SMO® 4565
P P P P P P P P
300 310 290 460 260 360 340 440
340 350 320 510 300 430 380 480
610 640 630 800 600 750 680 825
50 50 55 40 50 55 50 55
1.4438 220 260 520 40 60 1.4439 270 310 580 40 60 1.4466 250 290 540 40 60 – 1.4539 220 260 520 35 60 1.4529 300 340 650 40 60 1.4547 300 340 650 40 60 1.4565 420 460 800 30 90
S31703 S31726 S31050 – N08904 N08926 S31254 S34565
205 240 270
515 550 580
40 40 25
220 295 310 415
490 650 655 795
35 35 35 35
4713 4724 4742 4762
P P P P
320 340 375 405
350 370 405 440
475 515 535 555
30 30 25 30
1.4713 1.4724 1.4742 1.4762
220 250 270 280
– – – –
420 450 500 520
20 15 15 15
– – – –
4948 4878 153 MATM 4833 4828 253 MA® 4845 4841
P P P P P P P P
290 250 340 300 270 370 270 275
330 290 380 340 310 410 310 315
600 570 660 620 610 700 600 595
55 55 55 50 55 50 50 55
1.4948 1.4878 1.4818 1.4833 1.4828 1.4835 1.4845 1.4841
190 190 290 210 230 310 210 230
230 230 330 250 270 350 250 270
510 500 600 500 550 650 500 550
45 60 40 40 35 30 40 35 30
S30409 S32109 S30415 S30908 – S30815 S31008 S31400
205 205 290 205
515 515 600 515
40 40 40 40
310 205 205
600 515 515
40 40 40
2)
280 230 280 250 300
210 200 270 200 200 190 220 200 175
450 400 450 430 420
250 240 310 240 240 230 250 240 –
520 500 550 500 500 500 500 500 450
18 19 20 18 20
S40977 S41008 S43000 S43932 S44400
A2’’ % 18 22 22 22 20
annealed condition
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
ASTM, min. values, RT KV No. Rp0.2 Rm J MPa MPa 450 415 450 415 415
1)
28 30 25 30 26
EN, min. values, RT Rp0.2 Rp1.0 Rm A5 MPa MPa MPa %
280 205 205 205 275
330 395 420 240
570 490 520 520 540
Table 4
quenched and tempered condition
Outokumpu typical values apply for the product listed. Cold and hot rolled strip values are generally higher than plate and bar. EN/ASTM values: Mainly for hot rolled plate, transverse direction, from EN 10088, EN 10095, EN 10028-7, ASTM A240, A176 and ASME Code Cases. Also values from EN 10269 and ASTM A473.
EN min. values for cold rolled strip are 10 – 20 MPa higher. Hot rolled strip may on request be certified to the higher level. Conversion from EN to ASTM, ASME: 1 MPa = 0.1450 ksi 1 J = 0.7376 ft·lbf °C = 5/9 x (°F – 32) °F = 9/5 °C + 32
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Mechanical Properties, High Temperatures
Table 5
Outokumpu EN – min. Rp0.2 MPa steel name No. RT 100 200 400°C RT
Max. design stress for pressure equipment s, MPa EN ASME VIII-1 (II D) 100 200 400°C No. RT 100 200
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
230 210 190 210 190 210 230 200
187 – – 166 175
160 – – 153 167
153 – – 140 153
– – – – –
S40977 S41008 S43000 S43932 S44400
– 118 128 – 118
– 118 126 – 118
– 114 120 – 112
– 101 108 – –
4006 4005 4021 4028 4313 4548 248 SV
1.4006 450 420 400 305 1.4005 1.4021 450 420 400 305 1.4028 600 1.4313 630 590 560 – 1.4418 660 660 620
– – – – 325 – 350
– – – – 325 – 350
– – – – 325 – 350
– – – – – – –
S41000 S41600 S42010 S42000 S41500 – –
128 – – – –
126 – – – –
120 – – – –
108 – – – –
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
1.4162 1.4362 1.4462 1.4501 1.4410
2713) 263 267 304 304
2533) 220 240 300 300
2203) 187 210 267 267
– – – – –
S32101 1) S32304 S31803 S32760 S32750
186 172 177 – 228
184 164 177 – 227
171 150 165 – 208
– – – – –
4310 4318 4372 4568
1.4310 250 210 190 1.4318 350 265 185 1.4372 350 295 230 1.4568
– 247 – –
– 177 – –
– 153 – –
– – – –
S30100 S30153 S20100 –
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
4301 4307 4311 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306 4567
1.4301 210 157 127 98 1.4307 200 147 118 89 1.4311 270 205 157 125 1.4541 200 176 157 125 1.4550 200 177 157 125 1.4305 1.4303 220 155 127 98 1.4306 200 147 118 89 1.4567
173 167 207 167 167 – – 167 –
150 137 163 147 145 – – 137 –
131 120 143 130 124 – – 120 –
104 – – 125 110 – – – –
S30400 S30403 S30453 S32100 S34700 S30300 S30500 S30403 S30430
138 115 138 138 138 – 138 115 –
137 115 137 138 137 – 137 115 –
126 110 126 129 123 – 126 110 –
107 91 107 119 116 – 107 91 –
4401 4404 4427 4436 4432 4406 4429 4571 4435 3952
1.4401 220 177 147 115 1.4404 220 166 137 108 – 1.4436 220 177 147 115 1.4432 220 166 137 108 1.4406 280 211 167 135 1.4429 280 211 167 135 1.4571 220 185 167 135 1.4435 220 165 137 108 –
173 173 – 177 173 213 213 173 173 –
143 143 – 153 143 173 173 147 140 –
130 130 – 140 130 153 153 131 127 –
– 113 – 120 113 – 137 125 90 –
S31600 S31603 S31620 S31600 S31603 S31653 S31653 S31635 S31603 –
138 115 – 138 115 138 138 138 115
138 115 – 138 115 138 138 138 115
134 109 – 134 109 131 131 134 109
111 91 – 111 91 105 105 111 91
4438 4439 725LN 3964 904L 4529 254 SMO® 4565
1.4438 220 172 147 115 1.4439 270 225 185 150 1.4466 250 195 160 – 1.4539 220 205 175 125 1.4529 300 230 190 160 1.4547 300 230 190 160 1.4565 420 350 270 210
173 207 193 – 173 227 227 –
143 173 163 – 167 183 205 –
130 153 153 – 153 173 187 –
– – – – 103 – 158 –
S31703 S31726 S31050 – N08904 N08926 S31254 S34565
138 – 158
138 – 155
131 – 148
109 – –
140 – 187 –
114 – 186 –
95 – 170 –
– – 158 –
Steel name
EN Rp1.0/10 000h, MPa EN Rm/100 000h, MPa No. 600 700 800 900°C 600 700 800 900°C
ASME max. design stress σ, MPa No. 600 700 800
4948 4878 153 MATM 4833 4828 253 MA® 4845 4841
1.4948 2) 1.4878 1.4818 1.4833 1.4828 1.4835 1.4845 1.4841
S30409 2) S32109 2) S30415 S30909 2) – S30815 2) S31009 2) S31400
280 230 280 250 300
240 220 220 230 250
450 400 460 530 530
380 330 360 450 450
85 126 70 80 126 90 95
30 42 25 25 45 30 35
330 280 315 400 400
10 15 5 10 5 10 4 19 10 10 4 10 4
89 65 88 65 65 88 80 80
28 22 10 – 35 14 5 16 7,5 3 16 7,5 3 35 15 8 18 7 3 18 7 3
64 59
27 23
11 9
49
16
6
59 49
22 16
10 6
400°C
900°C
5
2) Creep resisting grades for pressure purposes listed in EN 10028-7 and ASME IID. 3) Not yet included in EN 10028-7
Max allowed values of the nominal design stress Steel type EN 13445 ASME VIII Ferritic, Mart. Rp0.2T RmRT Rp0.2RT RmRT min[ ; ] min[ ; ] or Duplex 1,5 2,4 1,5 3,5 Rp0.2T RmT min[ ; ] 1,5 3,5
EN/ASME values: For hot rolled plate from EN 10028-7, EN 10088, EN 10095, ASME IID Tables 1A and 1B, and Code Cases. Outokumpu offers multi-certification of the grades 4307/4301 and 4404/4401.
Austenitic Rp1.0T A>30% 1.5 Rp0.2RT RmRT min[ ; ] or 1,5 3,5 Rp0.2T RmT min[ ; ] Rp1.0T ; RmT Austenitic min[ ]or 1,1 3,5 A>35% 1,2 3,0 Rp1.0T max 1.5
1) Values according to code case no: 2418
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Mechanical Properties, Low Temperatures Outokumpu steel name
Table 6
EN min. values, MPa and %
EN No.
–196°C
–80°C
RT
Rp0.2
Rp1.0
Rm
A5
Rp0.2
Rp1.0
Rm
A5
Rp0.2
Rp1.0
Rm
A5
4307 4301 4311 4541 4404 4406 4429
1.4307 1.4301 1.4311 1.4541 1.4404 1.4406 1.4429
300 300 550 200 350 600 600
400 400 650 240 450 700 700
1200 1250 1250 1200 1200 1150 1150
30 30 35 30 35 30 30
220 270 350 200 275 380 380
290 350 420 240 355 450 450
830 860 850 855 840 800 800
35 35 40 35 40 35 30
200 210 270 200 220 280 280
240 250 310 240 260 320 320
500 520 550 500 520 580 580
45 45 40 40 45 40 35
From EN 10028-7 Annex F.
Common Design Codes for Stainless Steel
Table 7
EN 13445
Unfired pressure vessels
EN 13480
Metallic industrial piping
EN 13458-2C
Cryogenic vessels. Annex C Pressure strengthening of vessels from austenitic stainless steel
EN 12285-C
Tanks for underground storage. Annex C Positive liquid-list of material/liquid combinations
ADR
International carriage of dangerous goods by road (Accord européen... Dangereuses par Route)
RID
International carriage of dangerous goods by rail (Règlement... International... Dangereuses)
IMDG
International Maritime Dangerous Goods code
UN ST/SG/AC.10/1
Recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods (United Nations)
ENV 1993-1.4
Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Supplementary rules for stainless steel
ENV 1090-6
Execution of steel structures – Supplementary rules for stainless steel
ASME VIII-1
ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
AD 2000
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Druckbehälter Regelwerk
CODAP
Code Français de construction des Appareils à Pression
BS 5500
Unfired fusion welded pressure vessels
Microstructures Austenite
Good to excellent corrosion resistance combined with very good weldability and formability characterize the austenitic stainless steels. The austenitic structure has good creep resistance and good oxidation resistance that makes them useful at elevated temperatures. Austenitic steel can also be used in cryogenic applications and is in annealed condition the only non-magnetic steel. Martensite
These stainless steels are characterized by high strength and high wear resistance. The corrosion resistance is limited and the weldability degrades with increasing strength, i.e. increasing carbon content.
Ferrite
Ferritic stainless steels have good corrosion resistance, especially towards stress corrosion cracking. Lower carbon and nitrogen contents improve both weldability and toughness which otherwise can be limited. Duplex (austenite-ferrite)
Duplex stainless steels have high strength, good toughness and very good corrosion resistance, especially towards stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue. These steels have also good weldability and reasonable formability.
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Schaeffler Diagram and Microstructures
725LN 4529
4565
3964
Austenite (γ -iron). Face centered cubic with 12 atom neighbours. 74% close packing.
4841
Duplex. (austenitic-ferrit). Wellbalanced two-phase structure with ferrite content between 30-50%.
%
4501
%
4828 4372
Martensite. Undercooled, oversaturated solution of carbon in ferrite, achieved by heat treatment or cold working.
4550
4318 LDX 2101
Ferrite (α-iron). Body centered cubic with 8 atom neighbours. 68% packing.
The Schaeffler diagram (from ASME III-1) is traditionally used to predict delta ferrite content in weld metal from chemical composition. It may also be used to characterise stainless steel microstructures (ferritic, martensitic, austenitic), and to compare the structural balance in similar grades or casts with the same processing history. Cr and Ni equivalents are slightly modified above, in line with Outokumpu’s standard, and the resulting ferrite number is designated FNA. The following empirical formulas have been derived from the diagram: FNA
= 3.34F – 2.46A – 28.6 for FNA = max. 5.9 = 4.44F – 3.39A – 38.4 for FNA = 6.0 – 11.9 = 4.06F – 3.23A – 32.2 for FNA = min. 12
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The Schaeffler diagram has been revised (WRC-1992 diagram by Kotecki, Sievert). Outokumpu has complemented with SM, Solidification Mode. Grades may be considered fully austenitic for SM below –2, where: SMAF/A= F – 1.3A – 2.0 with F = Cr + Mo + 2Ti + 0.7Nb A = 35C + 20N + Ni + 0.25Cu The martensite balance is traditionally determined from the Md30 formula (Angel, Nohara), predicting the temperature (°C), at which 30% deformation gives 50% martensite. Outokumpu designates this number MNA. Grades may be considered unstable austenitic for MNA above 0, where: MNA = 551 – 462(C + N) – 9.2Si – 8.1Mn – 13.7Cr – 29(Ni + Cu) – 18.5Mo – 68Nb
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Physical Properties
Table 8
Outokumpu EN Density, ρ steel name kg/dm3 RT
Modulus of elasticity, E GPa RT
400°C
100°C
400°C
RT
400°C
RT RT
Non alloy steel
1.0345
7.8
210
175
12.0
14.0
55
44
460 0.18
Y
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7
220 220 220 220 220
195 195 195 195 195
10.4 10.5 10.0 10.0 10.4
11.6 12.0 10.5 10.5 11.6
25 30 25 25 25 23
430 460 460 460 430
0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.80
Y Y Y Y Y
4006 4005 4021 4028 4313 4548 248 SV
1.4006 1.4005 1.4021 1.4028 1.4313 – 1.4418
7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7
215 215 215 215 200
190 190 190 190 170
10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5
12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 11.6
30 30 30 25 30 25 25
460 460 460 460 430
0.60 0.60 0.60 0.65 0.60
Y Y Y Y Y
7.7
200
170
10.3
11.6
15
430 0.80
Y
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
1.4162 1.4362 1.4462 1.4501 1.4410
7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
200 200 200 200 200
172 172 172 172 172
13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5
15 15 15 15 15
500 500 500 500 500
0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
Y Y Y Y Y
4310 4318 4372 4568
1.4310 1.4318 1.4372 1.4568
7.9 7.9 7.8 7.8
200 200 200 200
172 16.0 18.0 172 16.0 17.5 172 170 13.0
15 20 500 15 20 500 15 20 16 500
0.73 0.73 0.70 0,80
N N N Y
4301 4307 4311 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306 4567
1.4301 1.4307 1.4311 1.4541 1.4550 1.4305 1.4303 1.4306 1.4567
7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.9
200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
172 172 172 172 172 172 172 172 172
4401 4404 44271) 4436 4432 4406 4429 4571 4435 39521)
1.4401 1.4404 – 1.4436 1.4432 1.4406 1.4429 1.4571 1.4435 –
8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9
200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200 172 200
16.0 17.5 16.0 17.5 16.5 18.5 16.0 17.5 16.0 17.5 16.0 17.5 16.0 17.5 16.5 18.5 16.0 17.5 16.5
15 20 15 20 15 15 20 15 20 15 20 15 20 15 20 15 20 15
500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
N N N N N N* N N N N
4438 4439 725LN 39641) 904L 4529 254 SMO® 4565
1.4438 1.4439 1.4466 – 1.4539 1.4529 1.4547 1.4565
8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.0 8.0
200 200 195 195 195 195 195 190
16.0 17.5 16.0 17.5 15.7 15.7 17.8 15.8 16.9 15.8 16.9 16.5 18.0 14.5 16.8
14 20 14 20 14 17 14 12 18 12 18 14 18 12 18
500 500 500 475 450 450 500 450
0.85 0.85 0.80 0.81 1.00 1.00 0.85 0.92
N N N N N N N N
0.70 0.75 0.93 1.10
Y Y Y Y
0.71 0.74 0.84 0.87 0.87 0.84 0.96 0.96
N N N N N N N N
172 172 166 165 166 166 166 165
Coefficient of thermal Thermal Thermal Electrical Magnetexpansion between 20°C conductivity, λ capacity, c resistivity, ρ izable and T, 10–6/°C W/m°C J/kg°C μΩm
16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.7
20 20 20 20 20
17.5 15 20 500 0.73 18.0 15 20 500 0.73 17.5 15 20 500 0.73 17.5 15 20 500 0.73 17.5 15 500 0.73 17.5 15 20 500 0.73 17.5 15 20 500 0.73 17.5 15 20 500 0.73 18.1
400°C
4713 4724 4742 4762
7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7
12.0 13.5 11.5 11.5 13.5 11.5 13.5
23 21 19 17
25 23 25 23
450 500 500 500
500°C
1000°C
500°C
1000°C
500°C
18.4 18.4 18.2 18.4 18.4 18.2 18.4 18.8
20.0 20.5 19.5 20.0 20.0 19.5 20.0 20.0
21.9 28.8 21.6 21.2 29.0 20.5 27.5 20.5 27.5 21.2 29.0 19.8 27.1 19.0 27.8
1.4713 1.4724 1.4742 1.4762
500°C
4948 4878 153 MATM 4833 4828 253 MA® 4845 4841
1.4948 1.4878 1.4818 1.4833 1.4828 1.4835 1.4845 1.4841
7.9 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
158 120 158 163 120 158 120 158 120 163 120 158 120 158 120
1000°C
1000°C
RT
N N N* N N N N* N N
500°C
582 582 585 582 582 585 582 582
Outokumpu typical values
1)
Magnetizable: Y = Magnetizable ferritic, martensitic, duplex grades, N = Non-magnetizable austenitic grades with a typical magnetic permeability μ = 1.05 – 1.2. Small amounts of ferrite or martensite from composition or cold deformation will increase the magnetizability. Data from EN 10088, EN 10095 or typical values. *Grades suitable for low permeability requirements, i.e., μ = max. 1.005.
Conversion from EN to ASTM, ASME: 1 kg/dm3 = 0.361 lb/in3 1 GPa = 0.145 x 106 psi 1x10-6/°C = 0.556 in/in °F 1 W/m °C = 0.578 Btu/h ft °F 1 J/kg °C = 0.000239 Btu/lb °F Non alloy steel are added for comparison in Table 8 and Table 9.
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Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards
Fabrication and Use Characteristics
Table 9
EN Outokumpu steel name Heat treatment temperature1) °C
Fabrication Welding Forming3) Machining 2) consumables n/Ahom index4)
Non alloy steel
1.0345
N 920 ± 30
P5
4003 4000 4016 4509 4521
1.4003 1.4000 1.4016 1.4509 1.4521
A A A A A
4006 4005 4021 4028 4313 4548 248 SV
1.4006 A 780 ± 30 1.4005 1.4021 T 740 ± 40 1.4028 T 690 ± 40 1.4313 T 600 ± 40 – 1.4418 T 610+ ± 40
13, 19 9 or 248 SV* ASME 248 SV* 248 SV* 248 SV* 248 SV* EN 248 SV* 248 SV* EN
LDX 2101® 2304 2205 4501 2507
1.4162 1.4362 1.4462 1.4501 1.4410
LDX 2101* or 22 9 3 NL 130/140 2304* or 22 9 3 NL 0.4/20 75/100 22 9 3 NL 0.4/20 55/85 25 9 4 NL 25 9 4 NL 0.4/20 45/80
4310 4318 4372 4568
1.4310 A 1050 ± 40 1.4318 A 1060 ± 40 1.4372 A 1050 ± 50 1.4568
19 9L 19 9L 18 9 Mn Mo or 23 12L 19 9L
4301 4307 4311 4541 4550 4305 4303 4306 4567
1.4301 1.4307 1.4311 1.4541 1,4550 1.4305 1.4303 1.4306 1.4567
4401 4404 44279) 4436 4432 4406 4429 4571 4435 39529)
A A A A A
730 ± 30 780 ± 30 800 ± 30 900 ± 30 850 ± 30
1050 ± 30 1000 ± 50 1060 ± 40 1080 ± 40 1080 ± 40
0.2/20
13 or 19 9L 13 or 19 9L 19 9L or 23 12L 0.2/20 19 9 Nb or 18 8 Mn 19 12 3L or 23 12 2L
Pressure purpose5)
Use IGC resistance6)
CPT7) °C
EN ASME EN ASME ASME EN EN ASME
N/- N/- Y/- N/Y/-