Application Guide AG 9/2001
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR BMS Kevin Pennycook
PART A
PART B
SYSTEM
DESIGN AND INSTALLATION
PART C IMPLEMENTATION
Application Guide AG 9/2001
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR BMS
Kevin Pennycook
BSRIA Limited Old Bracknell Lane West, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 7AH Tel: + 44 (0)1344 426511 Fax: + 44 (0)1344 487575 e-mail:
[email protected] www.bsria.co.uk
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was performed under contract to the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, under the ‘Partners in Innovation’ programme. BSRIA acknowledges the financial support of the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions and would like to thank the following sponsors for their contribution which has led to the production of this Application Guide. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. The research project was undertaken under the guidance of a project steering group drawn from industry representatives and BSRIA staff. The Steering Group contributors were: Mr Graham Webber Mr Fred Ranson Mr Brian Inglis Mr George Henderson Mr Nick Skemp Mr Dale Peel
AMEC Construction Ltd Buildings Control Group Trend Control Systems Ltd DETR/W S Atkins Nick Skemp Associates York International Controls Group.
Contributing from BSRIA was Kevin Pennycook. This publication is issued with the agreement of the DETR and every opportunity has been taken to incorporate the views of the editorial panel, but final editorial control of this document rests with BSRIA.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the publishers. ISBN 0 86022 579 8
Printed by The Chameleon Press Ltd.
©BSRIA 70181 June 2001
CONTENTS
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 General............................................................................................................................................... 1 How to use this standard specification .............................................................................................. 2 Other relevant publications................................................................................................................ 2
PART A 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................... 5 1.1 General....................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Electrical safety.......................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Electrical supply ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Electromagnetic compatibility ................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Emergency restoration procedures............................................................................................. 5 1.6 Uninterrubtible power supply facility........................................................................................ 5 1.7 Time synchronisation................................................................................................................. 6 1.8 System security .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.9 System software......................................................................................................................... 6 1.10 System support........................................................................................................................... 6 2 OPERATOR WORKSTATIONS...................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Operational characteristics......................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Operator workstation equipment................................................................................................ 8 2.2.1 Processor ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Monitor ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 Keyboard......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.4 Printer.............................................................................................................................. 8 2.3 Monitoring and logging functions ............................................................................................. 8 2.4 Graphical operator interfaces..................................................................................................... 9 2.5 Help and assistance.................................................................................................................... 9 2.6 Integration with third party management software .................................................................. 10 2.6.1 Energy monitoring and targeting software.................................................................... 10 2.6.2 Maintenance management software.............................................................................. 10 2.7 System alarms .......................................................................................................................... 10 3 FIELD CONTROLLERS ................................................................................................................ 12 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
Modes of operation .................................................................................................................. 12 Physical construction ............................................................................................................... 12 Terminations ............................................................................................................................ 12 Future expansion...................................................................................................................... 12 Controller inputs ...................................................................................................................... 13 3.5.1 Analogue input.............................................................................................................. 13 3.5.2 Digital inputs................................................................................................................. 13 3.5.3 Pulsed inputs ................................................................................................................. 13 3.5.4 Run-time totals.............................................................................................................. 14 3.5.5 General.......................................................................................................................... 14 3.6 Controller outputs .................................................................................................................... 14 3.7 Positive feedback ..................................................................................................................... 15 3.8 Data monitoring and logging ................................................................................................... 15 3.9 Environmental conditions ........................................................................................................ 16 3.10 Internal power backup.............................................................................................................. 16 3.11 Means of configuration ............................................................................................................ 16 3.12 User interfaces ......................................................................................................................... 17
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
CONTENTS
4 OCCUPANT CONTROLS.............................................................................................................. 18 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
General..................................................................................................................................... 18 Wall/desk mounted .................................................................................................................. 18 Telephone-based ...................................................................................................................... 18 Office IT/Intranet-based........................................................................................................... 18
5 CONTROL FUNCTIONS AND ROUTINES................................................................................. 19 5.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 19 5.2 Basic control functions ............................................................................................................ 19 5.3 Control interlocks .................................................................................................................... 20 5.3.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 20 5.3.2 Frost protection ............................................................................................................. 20 5.3.3 Building/plant protection .............................................................................................. 21 5.3.4 Safety interlocks............................................................................................................ 21 5.4 Time schedules ........................................................................................................................ 21 5.5 Plant start/stop control ............................................................................................................. 22 5.6 Sequence control...................................................................................................................... 22 5.7 Plant rotation control................................................................................................................ 23 5.8 Optimum start/stop for heating systems................................................................................... 23 5.9 Optimum start/stop for cooling systems .................................................................................. 24 5.10 Weather compensation............................................................................................................. 25 5.11 Lighting control ....................................................................................................................... 26 6 SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS.................................................................................................... 27 6.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 27 6.2 Communication devices........................................................................................................... 27 6.3 Communication protocols........................................................................................................ 27 6.3.1 Field-level protocols ..................................................................................................... 27 6.4 Direct interoperability.............................................................................................................. 28 6.5 Gateways.................................................................................................................................. 28 7 SENSORS AND DETECTORS ...................................................................................................... 29 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7
General..................................................................................................................................... 29 Temperature sensors ................................................................................................................ 29 Humidity sensors ..................................................................................................................... 29 Air velocity sensors.................................................................................................................. 30 Air pressure sensors ................................................................................................................. 30 Flow meters.............................................................................................................................. 30 Sensor time constants............................................................................................................... 30
PART B 1 CHOICE OF CONTROL STRATEGY........................................................................................... 33 2 DESIGN FOR IMPLEMENTATION, FLEXIBILITY AND UPKEEP ......................................... 34 2.1 Design for commissionability .................................................................................................. 34 2.2 Future system expansion.......................................................................................................... 34 2.3 Design for maintainability ....................................................................................................... 34 3 FIXING AND CONNECTION ....................................................................................................... 35 3.1 Cabling installed as part of the BMS contract ......................................................................... 35 3.1.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 35 3.1.2 Cable type and application............................................................................................ 35 3.1.3 Identification ................................................................................................................. 35
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
CONTENTS
3.2 Use of existing cabling and wire ways..................................................................................... 36 3.3 Connection to plant and control equipment ............................................................................. 36 3.3.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 36 3.3.2 Safety interlocks............................................................................................................ 36 3.3.3 Manual control .............................................................................................................. 37 3.3.4 Volt-free contacts.......................................................................................................... 37 3.3.5 Relays............................................................................................................................ 37 3.3.6 Signalling from starters................................................................................................. 37 3.3.7 Control equipment ........................................................................................................ 37 3.3.8 Packaged plant .............................................................................................................. 38 3.4 Additional provisions for retrofit installations......................................................................... 38 3.5 Cabinets for BMS equipment................................................................................................... 38 3.6 Control panels .......................................................................................................................... 39 3.6.1 Control panel design ..................................................................................................... 39 3.6.2 Control panel construction............................................................................................ 39 3.6.3 Control panel labelling.................................................................................................. 40 4 SENSORS........................................................................................................................................ 41 4.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 41 5 ACTUATORS ................................................................................................................................. 46 6 VALVES AND DAMPERS ............................................................................................................ 47 6.1 Valves ...................................................................................................................................... 47 6.1.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 47 6.1.2 Modulating valves......................................................................................................... 47 6.2 Dampers ................................................................................................................................... 48 7 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ............................................................................................... 49 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5
General..................................................................................................................................... 49 Structured cabling .................................................................................................................... 49 Intranet and internet applications............................................................................................. 49 Mains-borne signalling ............................................................................................................ 50 Radio communications............................................................................................................. 50
8 INTEGRATION WITH FIRE DETECTION SYSTEMS............................................................... 51 8.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 51 8.2 Integration for monitoring........................................................................................................ 51 8.2.1 Uni-directional systems................................................................................................. 51 8.3 Integration for control .............................................................................................................. 52 9 INTEGRATION WITH SECURITY DETECTION SYSTEMS .................................................... 53 9.1 Intruder alarm systems............................................................................................................. 53 9.2 Access control systems ............................................................................................................ 53 10 INTEGRATION WITH LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEMS ........................................................ 54 10.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 54 10.2 Direct interoperability.............................................................................................................. 54 10.3 Gateway link ............................................................................................................................ 54
PART C 1 STATUTORY REGULATIONS AND GOOD PRACTICE .......................................................... 57 1.1 Statutory regulations ................................................................................................................ 57 1.2 Good practice........................................................................................................................... 57
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
CONTENTS
2 COMMISSIONING......................................................................................................................... 58 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
Commissioning project management....................................................................................... 58 Control system specification details required for commissioning ........................................... 58 Pre-commissioning .................................................................................................................. 59 Plant ready for control system commissioning ........................................................................ 60 2.4.1 Water systems ............................................................................................................... 60 2.4.2 Air systems.................................................................................................................... 60 2.4.3 Packaged equipment ..................................................................................................... 61 2.5 Control system requirements for plant commissioning ........................................................... 61 2.6 Commissioning ........................................................................................................................ 61 3 DEMONSTRATION AND HANDOVER...................................................................................... 62 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Witnessing requirements.......................................................................................................... 62 Operation and maintenance manuals ....................................................................................... 63 Software ................................................................................................................................... 63 Post-handover checks............................................................................................................... 64 3.4.1 Global level checks ....................................................................................................... 64 3.4.2 System level checks ...................................................................................................... 64 3.4.3 Sub-system/component level ........................................................................................ 64
4 OPERATOR TRAINING ................................................................................................................ 65 4.1.1 Basic operator ............................................................................................................... 65 4.1.2 Intermediate operator .................................................................................................... 65 4.1.3 Advanced operator ........................................................................................................ 65 5 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................ 66 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................................................................................................... 73
APPENDICES APPENDIX A Non-applicable clauses................................................................................................. 69 APPENDIX B Assembling the full BMS specification........................................................................ 70
TABLES Table 1 Temperature sensors - minimum requirements...................................................................... 29 Table 2 Humidity sensors - minimum requirements........................................................................... 29 Table 3 Air velocity sensors - minimum requirements....................................................................... 30 Table 4 Air pressure sensors - minimum requirements ...................................................................... 30 Table 5 Flow meters - minimum requirements................................................................................... 30 Table 6 Sensor time constants............................................................................................................. 30 Table 7 Minimum separation distances between signal cables and power cables .............................. 35 Table 8 Temperature sensors .............................................................................................................. 42 Table 9 Humidity sensors ................................................................................................................... 44 Table 10 Pressure sensors ..................................................................................................................... 44 Table 11 Flow velocity/flow rate sensors ............................................................................................. 45 Table 12 Indoor air quality sensors....................................................................................................... 45 Table 13 Valve sizing requirements...................................................................................................... 48 Table 14 Damper application requirements .......................................................................................... 48 Table 15 Pre-commissioning requirements........................................................................................... 59 Table 16 CIBSE Code C automatic control systems pre-commissioning requirements....................... 60 Table 17 CIBSE Code C automatic control systems commissioning requirements ............................. 61 Table 18 Non-applicable clauses for stand-alone DCC and networked DCC control systems ............ 69
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION GENERAL
This document presents a full set of standard specification clauses for Building Management Systems (BMS). The specification clauses are grouped into the following three parts: •
Part A: System Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to equipment and component requirements, eg operator facilities and field controllers. •
Part B: Design and Installation Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to how the system should be designed/structured, configured and installed. •
Part C: Implementation Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to how the system should be commissioned, handed over and maintained. Although this standard specification is primarily intended for BMS it can also be used for Stand-alone DDC controllers and Networked DDC systems. For the purpose of this specification the following definitions are applicable: •
BMS. A BMS has at least one permanent operator workstation connected via a communications network to a number of direct digital control (DDC) controllers which are often referred to as field controllers.
•
Network DDC systems. Networked DDC systems comprise two or more DDC controllers that are connected together by a communication network in the same manner as a BMS, however no permanent operator workstation is provided.
•
Stand-alone DDC controllers. A stand-alone DDC control system comprises one or more controllers which are not connected together by a communications network. The controllers operate independently of each other and there is no permanent operator workstation.
Specification clauses that are not applicable for networked DDC controllers and stand-alone DDC controllers are provided in Appendix A. Note that the standard specification makes reference to a number of draft European standards. Although draft standards should not be used for specification purposes they have been included for the sake of completeness. The European standards should be incorporated in specifications when published.
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
1
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THIS STANDARD SPECIFICATION
This standard specification should be used as a central part of a full specification for a BMS. The full specification should comprise: • • •
a BMS Standard Specification a Particular Specification other applicable specifications.
The Particular specification should comprise: • • • • •
amendments to the Standard Specification functional statements and detailed operational schedules (control strategies) a points schedule a report schedule graphics schedules.
Details concerning how to assemble a full specification are provided in Appendix B. A full set of specification clauses is provided in this BMS Standard Specification. This includes topics such as system integration and thirdparty management software. In many designs this level of functionality will not be required. Where this is the case any non-applicable specification clauses should be listed in the Particular Specification. Amendments to the Standard Specification detailed in the Particular Specification should comprise: • • • OTHER RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS
clauses to be deleted clauses to be added clauses to be modified.
Other sources of complementary guidance include: •
Library of system control strategies, AG 7/98, BSRIA, ISBN 0 86022 497 X Describes control strategies for different HVAC plant groups. Information includes a schematic diagram of the plant, plant description, control strategy description, specification clauses, points list and control logic flow chart.
•
Automatic control, CIBSE Commissioning Code C: 2001, ISBN 1 903287 13 8 The Code provides good practice guidance for the commissioning of BMS. Appropriate sections of the Code can be used to form the basis of commissioning specifications.
•
Specifying building management systems, TN 6/98, BSRIA, ISBN 0 86022 496 1 Provides background information and guidance relating to the wide range of issues that should be considered when specifying a BMS.
2
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
SYSTEM
PART A
PART A SYSTEM
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
3
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1
PART A
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 ELECTRICAL SAFETY
1.3 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY
1
Ensure that the requirements of prEN 13646:1999: Building control systems - equipment characteristics are met.
2
Ensure that the requirements of prEN ISO 16484-2: Building control systems – Part 2: HVAC control system functionality are met.
1
Ensure that the BMS complies with the following EC Directives: • • •
2
Ensure that the BMS installation complies with HD 384 - Electrical installations in buildings.
3
Ensure that control panels comply with EN 60439-1 - Low-voltage switchgear and control assemblies.
1
Ensure that the BMS can operate supplied with electricity conforming to BSEN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems.
1.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC 1 COMPATIBILITY
1.5 EMERGENCY
RESTORATION PROCEDURES
1.6 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY FACILITY
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and amendment 93/68/EEC Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEC General Product Safety Directive 92/59/EEC.
Ensure that the BMS complies with the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive (89/336/EEC).
2
Ensure that the BMS complies with BSEN 50081-1: Generic emission standard and BSEN 50082 Parts 1 & 2: Generic immunity standard.
3
Ensure that the BMS meets the EMC requirements of pr EN 13646.
1
Ensure that the BMS fully restores all control and monitoring functions following an emergency shut down period.
2
Ensure that the strategy for phased restoration of plant operation complies with the Particular Specification. (In some applications the restoration programme may differentiate between main and emergency operation.)
3
Ensure that the restoration of plant is performed within the time period specified in the Particular Specification.
4
Ensure that start delay times can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the load.
1
Ensure that any Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) facility conforms with the requirements of the Particular Specification.
Standard Specifications for BMS
5
PART A
1.7
1.8
TIME
SYNCHRONISATION
SYSTEM
SECURITY
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1
Ensure that all time-dependant BMS components are time synchronised via the operator workstation.
2
Ensure that the BMS can automatically change between British Summer Time (BST) and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
3
Ensure that the BMS can accommodate leap years.
1
Provide, as a minimum, password-protected operator access for the following levels: • • • •
Level 1: Ability to display all point data Level 2: As level 1 with ability to initiate data logging functions Level 3: As level 2 with ability to change user-adjustable setpoints and time schedules Level 4: As level 3 with ability to change control strategies, schematic/graphics functions and password assignment.
2
Ensure that password-protected operator access is set up for both operator workstations and field controllers which have an operator interface.
3
Ensure that passwords permit at least 6 alpha/numeric characteristics.
4
Ensure that the BMS software is protected from unauthorised entry.
5
Ensure that the BMS, and its operation performed under any maintenance contract, complies with: BS 7799 Parts 1 and 2, Information security management Part 1 - Code of practice for information security management Part 2 - Specification for information security management systems.
1.9
SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
1.10 SYSTEM
SUPPORT
6
Standard Specifications for BMS
1
Ensure that IT industry-standard operating systems are used.
2
Ensure that copies of all BMS vendor-specific software are held by an independent third party and that this software can be released to the client.
3
Ensure that an ESCROW Agreement is completed and signed.
4
Ensure that licences to use software applications are owned by the Client.
1
Ensure that a viable strategy is in place to fully support the BMS for a minimum 10-year period from the date of practical completion. (See Part C, Clause 5 for maintenance requirements.)
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
