FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION OF RECREATION & PARKS

HILLSBOROUGH RIVER STATE PARK WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY PLANT NO. 1 (FACILITY I.D. #: FLA012610)

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES MANUAL

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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (S.O.P.) MANUAL CONTENTS INDEX 1. Chapter 1 - Current Permit 1.1 1.2 1.3

Permit Renewal Schedule ........................................................................... Wastewater Facility Permit ................................................................................. Operator License .............................................................................................

1-3 1-4 1-22

2. Chapter 2 - Site Location Map, Park Plan & Plant Configuration 2.1 Site Location Map ............................................................................................................... 2.2 Park Plan ............................................................................................................................. 2.3 Plant Configuration .............................................................................................................

2-2 2-4 2-8

3. Chapter 3 - Wastewater Treatment Plant Operational Guide 3.1 Operational Guide ..............................................................................................................

3-3

4. Chapter 4 - Flow Calibration Methods 4.1 Collection / Transmission System (Pump-Down Method) ...................................................

4-2

5. Chapter 5 - Operation, Maintenance & Performance Inspections 5.1 Operation, Maintenance & Performance Inspections .............................................................

5-3

6. Chapter 6 - Record Keeping 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6

Sample Custody & Documentation .................................................................................... 6-4 Preparation of Field Sampling and Equipment .................................................................... 6-8 Custody and Documentation Requirements for Field Operations ......................................... 6-10 Sampling ........................................................................................................................... 6-14 Sampling and Monitoring Requirements ............................................................................. 6-16 Location and/or Disposition of all Records and Documents ................................................. 6-18

7. Chapter 7 - Reporting 7.1 Report of Abnormal Events ................................................................................................ 7.2 Report of Discharge Monitoring Reports (D.M.R.) .............................................................

7-3 7-6

8. Chapter 8 - Residuals Management 8.1 Residuals Management ........................................................................................................

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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (S.O.P.) MANUAL CONTENTS INDEX - Continued 9. Chapter 9 - Certifications 9.1 RPZ Checks ........................................................................................................................ 9.2 Flow Meters ........................................................................................................................

9-2 9-3

10. Chapter 10 - Other Equipment Calibration 10.1 pH Meters ......................................................................................................................... 10.2 Residuals Chlorine Meters .................................................................................................. 10.3 Calibration Documentation .................................................................................................

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Current Permits Chapter 1

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Current Permits

Section 1.1 Domestic Wastewater Facilities Permit

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Hillsborough State Park # 1 WWTP Facilities I.D. # FLA012610 Permit Renewal Schedule Permit # FLA012610 Description: 1.

Permit Issue Date: 1995

2.

Consultant Selection: December 15, 1998

3.

Permit Application Documents Preparation (Begin): January 30, 1999

4.

Application Submittal Date: April 30, 1999

5.

Permit Expiration Date: October 31, 1999

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1.1 A - Operator’s License

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Site Location Map, Park Plan & Plant Configuration Chapter 2

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Site Location Map, Park Plan & Plant Configuration

Section 2.1 Site Location Map

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Site Location Map, Park Plan & Plant Configuration

Section 2.2 Park Plan

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Park Plan

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Site Location Map, Park Plan & Plant Configuration

Section 2.3 Plant Configuration

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

WWTP Operational Guide Chapter 3

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WWTP Operational Guide

Section 3.1 Operational Guide

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OPERATIONAL GUIDE FOR UTILIZING EXTENDED AERATION ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT 3.1 - INTRODUCTION The ownership and operation of a sewage system is a large responsibility. Through proper operation, the local ecology of the area will be safe-guarded and the health and welfare of the residents in the area will be greatly protected. This Modular Sewage Treatment Plant has been approved and permitted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) - Domestic Wastewater Section, with permitting authority delegated to the Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission (EPC). When operated properly and maintained as provided by the manufacturer, the plant is designed by the “Engineer of Record”, to fit specific rule and permitting requirements. Proper operation of the Sewage Treatment Plant assures the sanitary health and welfare of the area you serve. This will remain true when properly operated and maintained and as long as the plant is used for the design treatment loading. No other contributing wastewater flows should be introduced into the plant for treatment, nor should plant modifications be made to it’s design and operation without approval and authorization by the Owner and FDEP/EPC - Domestic Wastewater Section. SECTION 3.2 - PURPOSE & GENERAL INFORMATION 3.2.1

PURPOSE: This Operational Guide is intended to describe Sewage Treatment Operation, Plant Start-Up Procedures, and Operation Testing and Maintenance to enable you to adequately provide sewage treatment for a long period of time with minimum operation and maintenance problems. 3.2.2

GENERAL INFORMATION: Sewage or waste water is a combination of bodily waste and the domestic waste from park residences, business buildings, institutions, and establishments with ground surface and or storm water as may find its way into the Sewage Collecting System.. Sewage contents are generally a combination of liquids and solids. Usually the solids are less than 0.1% and are made up of inorganic and organic matter. The solids themselves are also classified as dissolved and suspended solids. Approximately 1/3 of the solids are in a suspended state and the remaining 2/3 are in solution. Several bacteria types are commonly found in sewage. These include (1) pathogenic, (2) anaerobic, (3) aerobic; 1. The pathogenic class of bacteria causes or is capable of causing disease-- such as typhoid fever, dysentery, diarrhea, etc. Those bacteria may spread disease and contaminate the area through underground and surface water supply sources. 2. Anaerobic bacteria is a microorganism that thrives where oxygen is not available. They perform functions in the digestion and reduction of sewage 3. Aerobic bacteria requires free oxygen and is necessary for the nitrification and oxidation processes in the treatment of sewage. Bacteria is responsible for the decomposition processes; when properly used and controlled, they produce the desired results in the treatment of sewage. SECTION 3.3 - SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESSES, PLANT STAGES & FLOW 3.3.1

SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESSES: In general sewage treatment processes are classified in stages or the degree of treatment afforded. The principle stages or degrees of treatment are:

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Primary and Preliminary Treatment: Typical unit processes include screening, flow equalization, and primary settling. When all unit processes are used , this type of treatment removes up to 50% of the suspended solids and 25 to 35% of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.). Secondary with Clarification: Typical Unit Processes include aeration and settling tankage. Supplementing primary treatment, this aerobic process removes up to 90% of the suspended solids and B.O.D.. Nutrient Removal: Typical components include an anoxic tank located either in front or in between the aeration tankage for nitrate-nitrogen reduction, and either an anaerobic tank or chemical feed system for phosphorus reduction when required. Filtering (Tertiary) System supplements the first two stages of treatment by removing up to 95% of the suspended solids and B.O.D through a physical filtering action. Typical unit processes include filters, filter dosing system, and filter backwashing system.

The Hillsborough River State Park Number One Sewage Treatment Plant is designed to provide preliminary treatment via bar screening, and secondary treatment with nitrate-nitrogen removal. No filtration is provided. 3.3.2

PLANT STAGES & FLOW SEQUENCE

3.3.2.1 PLANT STAGES: The Modular Sewage Treatment Plant provides the various stages of sewage treatment. , A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

Influent Pump Station Surge Tank Anoxic Tank Aeration Tank Reaeration Tank Final Settling Tank Sludge Digester

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G. Chlorine Contact Tank H. Effluent Pump Station

SECTION 3.4 - SETTINGS & OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT: 3.4.1

SETTINGS & OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT The proper setting and operation of equipment will assist in obtaining treatment efficiency for the wastewater treatment facilities and provide acceptable effluent limits. It is important for the Plant Operator to set a regimen for equipment operation and make the necessary adjustments to obtain operating efficiency. The following operational sequences are intended to help the Plant Operator set and operate equipment of various plant components. 3.4.1.2

OPERATIONAL SEQUENCE: A. Influent Pump Station

The raw sewage is received in the influent pump station. Collected wastewater is discharged to the aeration tank after passing through a bar screen. This pumping operation is automatic and is done by using electric driven submersible pumps. The pumps are controlled by four (4) mercury float switches either automatically or manually with the hand on/off switches. This pump station collects sewage flows from certain of the park’s facilities, that is, a concession, rest rooms, a picnic area, a recreation hall and associated rest rooms. The float conditions have been set as follows: Float #1 the low level float, turns both pumps off. Float #2 activates the lead pump. If water level would continues to rise from an unusual flow while the lead pump is running, then Float #3 activates lag pump. Float #4 activates the red signal light and audible alarm in a high water condition. A alternator inside the control panel alternates lead / lag pumps each tine they are shut off. Each pump also has a run light and elapsed time meter at the panel to show when the pump is in use and it’s run time. The float switch liquid levels are established in the influent pump station to determine the PUMP ON, PUMP OFF, and the HIGH WATER POSITIONS within the wet well. The basic components in this automatic and manually operated system include but is not limited to: Float switches, float stem with guides, alternator, elapsed time meters, over-load reset switch over-load circuit breakers, holding relay, red signal light, audible alarm and etc.. When operating the pump station, the Float switch #2 rises to the PUMP ON POSITION, the alternator activates pump No. 1, as the lead run pump and when the liquid is lowered to the PUMP OFF POSITION, then Float switch #1 engages control relay to then stop the pump No. 1. When the liquid rises again to the PUMP ON POSITION, the alternator then activates pump No. 2, as the lead run pump. This alternator activates the pumps in successive turns to primarily increase the life cycle of this equipment. When the pump station receives unusual high flows and Float switch #3 reaches the HIGH WATER position both pumps are activated simultaneously by the alternator, also Float switch #4 activates and turns on the red signal light and it’s alarm on the panel box, if the liquid level continues to rise indicating trouble. The light and the alarm continues until the toggle or push button switch is replaced to the ON or RESET POSITION, and normal operations are resumed. The red light and the alarm indicates that the high water level has been reached and trouble conditions have occurred. This warns the operator that an unusual flow has occurred or the pumps are having difficulties in keeping liquid pumped down.

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Figure 2 Typical Influent Pump Station and Components

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B & D. Activate Sludge, Aeration Tankage Air Supply System Once the raw sewage liquid has been transmitted to the aeration tanks, the first stage of the aeration treatment begins. First, the raw wastewater is f aerated in an aeration tank. This allows a certain kind of microorganism already present in the water, called aerobic bacteria, to grow. As the bacteria grow, they consume the other oxygen depleting material in the water and grow into visible “chunks” of material called floc or sludge. The term “activated sludge” comes from the this activity. After aeration, the sludge filled water flows to a settling tank. In this tank, the sludge settles out of the water leaving a clear zone of treated water at the top and settled sludge at the bottom. The settled sludge is recycled out of the settling tank and mixed with the raw wastewater. The clear water at the top is disinfected with chlorine, and can then be discharged. The aerobic bacteria that causes the break-down or decomposition of the organic solids use the organic as food, as they continue to break-down additional solids. The aerobic bacteria requires oxygen in order to carry out or continue the chemical synthesis of the organic solids. If oxygen is not furnished in sufficient amounts during this break-down period, the raw sewage liquid will become septic; the color will become almost black and will emit or give off foul odors. To avoid or help prevent the raw sewage from becoming septic, air is pumped into the aeration tanks using a blower. The aeration system performs two important functions: 1. 2.

Injects and adds oxygen to the raw sewage liquor or mixed liquor in the aeration tanks. Agitates or mixes the liquid contents of the tanks.

These functions are accomplished by injecting air from the air blower through the air diffusers installed in the lower portion of the aeration tanks. The air is diffused and flows upward in the aeration tanks in the form of small bubbles. Some of the oxygen in these bubbles go into solution thereby furnishing the aerobic bacteria with the necessary oxygen to carry on the chemical breakdown.. As the air bubbles continue to rise through the aeration tank, the liquid is agitated or stirred up with a lifting effect which mixes the contents of the tank providing velocity and prevents the solids from settling. It is necessary to supply oxygen continually to the activated sludge, or its supply will become depleted and anaerobic decomposition will begin. The activated sludge acts as a carrier for the bacteria. This sludge also attracts and absorbs the solids in the raw sewage or mixed liquor which provides the bacteria source of food. The tank contents are being agitated in a rolling and lifting effect to form the floc and prevent settling while the bacteria is being furnished oxygen. The aeration system for the WWTP, consists of a motor with air blower, piping, valving, and diffuser units.. The air blowers (both used for primary and backup operation) provide air for surge, aeration, sludge digestor and clarifier units. The electric power for these belt driven blowers is drawn from the main control panel, as earlier mentioned. The blowers can be either operated manual with a hand off /on switch or automatically using timers. When blowers are in use, a green run indicator light located on the inner door of the control panel will illuminate. The panel also has elapsed time meters on the inner door indicating total run time of blowers. The motor is activated by the timing device located in the control box. The timer is a continuous operating device which can be set to activate the motor driven blower in increments of 15 minutes. The timer has a round dial approximately 4 1/2 inches in diameter. The face of the large dial indicates the hours of the day, the light half for the daylight hours, and the dark half of the dial is for the night hours. The red arrow indicates the time of day. Never move the red arrow. To set the timer, turn the dial in a clockwise direction. The outer circumference of the dial has 96 equally spaced pins and each pin represents 15 minutes. Your Field Representative or Plant Operator will set the timer for efficient plant operation. All pins should be in the “DOWN POSITION” and when the operating time is determined, place the pins in the “UP POSITION” for the selected operating time. Figure No. 3. Front View of the Timer. Large Dial indicates hours while the smaller dial indicates days. The amount of air to the aeration tanks can be adjusted by lengthening or lessening the period of operation. This is done by re-setting the pins to a larger or shorter time period. A small dial indicating the days in the week is located directly below the large dial. In the event that it is planned to shut the plant blower down for one or two days, tighten the screws on the small dial for the selected period of non-operation. To omit operations, turn the small dial screws clockwise (until tight). For normal operation, turn the small dial screws counter clockwise. The suggested settings for the automatic timers are as follows, but can be field adjusted based on the plant S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 8

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operator’s determination for efficiency: 5:00 AM - 10:00 AM 10:00 AM - 1:00 PM 1:00 PM - 2:30 PM 2:30 PM - 5:00 PM 5:00 PM - 7:00 PM 7:00 PM - 9:00 PM 9:00 PM - 5:00 AM

Continuous run 30 min. on - 15 minutes off Continuous run 30 min. on - 15 minutes off Continuous run 30 min. on - 15 minutes off 15 min. on - 30 minutes off

The blower operation & maintenance manual explains how to set times. Each air blower has a positive displacement rotary compressor operating at a fixed air volume and a fixed pressure. The air blower is belt driven by the motor. Variations of the output required by varying conditions can be made by changing the pulley sizes and the use of the timing device. The aeration system must be adjusted and operated to provide a sufficient supply of oxygen in the tanks at all times. If sufficient dissolved oxygen in the tanks is not present, the mixed liquor becomes septic. The aeration system will operate inefficiently if too much oxygen is injected into the tanks. To much air burns the microorganism and leaves the skeleton in the liquid which creates more inactive sludge. Insufficient air causes a lack of oxygen for the bacteria which breaks up the flow and retards bacteria action. The diffusers in the aeration system may be adjusted as the conditions or the sewage change. The amount of air required varies as the characteristics of the sewage changes. Diffusers occasionally become clogged through prolonged use and will require cleaning at intervals. If the air back pressure increases from time to time, the diffuser unit will need cleaning at more frequent intervals. Blowers installed as of 5/99 are as follows: One blower, Sutorbilt 4MB 15260, powered by a Baldor 5 Hp. Refer to record drawings for location, type and placement of diffusers. C.

Anoxic Tank and Nitrogen Removal

General Nitrogen is present in raw wastewater in several forms; ammonia, organic nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and nitrogen gas. Each form converts to another with the help of bacteria and plant life. This conversion is referred to as the nitrogen cycle and takes place in water and soil as well as wastewater treatment plant. TKN is ammonia plus organic nitrogen and it is this form of nitrogen that is found in raw sewage. The average amount is 30 mg/l. TKN will first be converted to Nitrite and then to Nitrate. The conversion is quick so Nitrite is generally not found in high quantities. Nitrate is then converted to Nitrogen Gas. Nitrogen re-enters the cycle when it is fixed by plant life. TKN Removal TKN is toxic to aquatic life.. If you are having trouble meeting your TKN limit, the first step is to modify the way the plant is being operated. The process of converting TKN to Nitrate is referred to as Nitrification. The bacteria that complete this conversion can be found in activated sludge if the environment is right. You will need to provide them with time to grow, oxygen and a pH above 7. In some cases, the plant will not be designed to meet the limit and a permit will be necessary to modify the plant. A microscope analyses is the best way to determine if nitrifiers are present in your activated sludge. The pH is related to the amount of total alkalinity present in the influent. As TKN is converted to Nitrate, alkalinity drops. Eventually this will cause pH to drop below 7. If the total alkalinity is over 200 ing/l, maintaining a pH above 7 will most likely not be a problem. You can use the last drinking water analyses performed on your facility to get a general idea of what your total alkalinity is. Oxygen is related to the size of the blowers, type of diffusers, blowers operate. A minimum DO of 2.0 mg/l should be maintained.

number of diffusers, and the amount of time the

Time to grow is related to the sludge age, the mean cell residency time and the mixed liquor suspended solids. Start S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 9

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by modifying your wasting schedule to provide a MLSS around 3,ooo

mg/l to provide a longer mean cell residency time.

There are several formulas which can be used to help you determine if there is enough oxygen and alkalinity. You will need to give the following information: 1. influent TKN (have a lab run an analyses) 2. influent Total Alkalinity 3. influent pH 4. horsepower of the blowers motor 5. total amount of time the blower runs in a 24 hour period 6. type of diffusers 7. depth of the aeration basin Nitrate Removal Nitrate is a common source of contamination to ground water. The limit for Nitrate in drinking water is 10 mg/l. High nitrates in drinking water is a threat for infants because it will build up in their blood stream and cause death from lack of oxygen. For adults it may be a carcinogen and that is why limits on wastewater effluent discharges are placed If you are having troublemeeting your Nitrate limit, the first step is to modify the waythe plant is being operated. The process of converting Nitrate to Nitrogen Gas is referred to as Denitrification. The bacteria that complete this conversion can be found in activated sludge if the environment is right. You will need to provide them with time to grow, little oxygen and a carbon source. In some cases,the plant will not be designed to meet the limit and a permit will be necessary to modify the plant. A microscope analyses is the best way to determine if denitrifiers are present in youractivated sludge. Time to grow is related to the sludge age, the mean cell residency time and the mixed liquor suspended solids. Low oxygen content can be induced by the amount of time the blowers operate during a 24 hour period. The blowers should be operated with a timer which is controllable down to 15 minute increments or less. Individual diffusor valves could also be controlledwith a timer and solenoid valves. The dissolved oxygen should be allowed to drop below 0.5 mg/l. A carbon source is used by the bacteria as food. The 2 main sources of carbon found naturally in activated sludge are from raw sewage and biological cellular decay. At some facilities, carbon is added in the form of methanol. Small facilities have experimented with using dog food as a form of carbon. Available carbon is also related to the sludge age. When the sludge is old, higher forms of bacteria can be found. These forms of bacteria which are not denitrifiers will consume the carbon source first. Your wasting and hauling rates will effect the sludge age.

Total Nitrogen Total Nitrogen is essentially TKN and Nitrate added together. Total Nitrogen can cause algae blooms in surface water and that is why it is given limits in a wastewater effluent discharge. if you are having trouble meeting your Total Nitrogen limit, the first step is to modify the way the plant is being operated. When modifying the operation, you want to ensure that the entire nitrification cycle is taking place in the plant. First you must convert TKN to Nitrate as explained above. Then you must reduce the Nitrate to Nitrogen Gas also explained above. In some cases, the plant will not be designed to meet the limit and a permit will be necessary to modify the plant. Processes for Removing Nitrate - General Operational Guidelines The primary method of nitrate removal at this facility will be by predenitrification. This can be supplemented with cyclical nitrogen removal. Cyclical Nitrogen Removal - There is a very simple approach to creating the anoxic times necessary for nitrate removal - The blowers are simply cycled off in a prescribed cycle.

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Generally, at least 30 minutes blower off time per cycle is needed to denitrify. The exact pattern of on and off cycles is a trial and error excercise. Specialists with computer software can identify the best begining strategy. Pre Denitrifcation - This is the approach most often used in package plants and in fact is the process used at this wastewater treatment plant. A more efficient process is predenitrification. The normal configuration is flow equalization to anoxic to aeration to final settling. Return activated sludge from the final settling tank plus nitrified liquid in the last aeration tank is recirculated to the front of the plant and mixed with raw wastewater in an anoxic chamber Operation of Recirculation Pumps For this type of denitrification process, there is internal recirculation of the MLSS which takes the liquid from the last aeration tank and returns it to the anoxic tank. The normal recirculation rate is 300% average daily flow. When applied to small wastewater plants, pumps are not normally available that can directly meet the low flow capacity needed at the very low pump head conditions. The solution is to specify a pump that exceeds the actual pumping head required, and provide what are termed "blow backs" on the recirculation discharge. On the discharge at the pump, there is a tee with two valves. One of the valves allows part of the pumped flow to simply be pumped straight back into the aeration tank the liquid is pulled from, while the second valve throttles the flow to the anoxic tank. Additionally, only one pump at a time works, and is also controlled by a timer. For example, on the number two plant, the nominal pump capacity is 60 gpm at 10 feet TDH. The actual operating head probably does not exceed 5 feet, meaning the pump will in fact try to do more than 60 gallons per minute At 20,000 gallons per design capacity day, 300% is to be recirculated or 60,000 gallons per day. The valves are adjusted to provide 60 gallons per minute forward flow to the anoxic tank, with the excess returned to aeration. The required daily recirculation volume is pumped in about 1000 minutes. On a daily basis, this means the operator needs to cycle the pump on and off to ensure the entire recirculation volume is spread out over a 24 hours. The operator sets a 96 pin position timer so that the recirculation pump is off for 29 pin position (each pin representing a 15 minute increments, or 435 total minutes). The remaining 67 pins are set to turn the pump on for a total of 1005 minutes per day. Pin selections would best be set so that the pump runs for at least two positions (30 minutes) and then is off for no more than 15 minutes per cycle. Anoxic Mixer The anoxic mixer is normally left on. Its control is connected to a timer, and during flow period s of time the anoxic mixer can be cycled off to give the motor some rest time. A maximum of 15 minutes off time is recommended. E. Secondary Settling Process The mixed liquor in the aeration tank is discharged to the settling/clarifier tanks at the WWTP. The floc or activated sludge is formed in the aeration tank and when it reaches the quiescent state of the settling tank, the sludge being heavier than the water settles to the bottom. This sludge is classified as inorganic and organic material. The inorganic sludge consists of minerals, etc. The organic solids generally contain about 65% volatile solids which support a rapid development of microorganisms. These microorganisms carry out the reduction or oxidation of the organic matter depending on the availability of atmosphere oxygen. The character of the sludge gives the most useful check for controlling plant operations. The total solids of sewage include floating solids suspended solids, and fixed solids. Operation of the plant is governed by the amount of sludge in the mixed liquor and this is determined by the Mohlmann Sludge Index. The volume of sludge settled in 30 minutes (%) divided by the suspended solids (%) gives the sludge index. A value of 100 or below indicates that the sludge will settle satisfactorily. A rising index indicates poor settling. The sludge is returned to the aeration tank or front of the plant and mixed with the incoming sewage at a range of 1 to 4 to 1 depending on the type and freshness of the sewage. When indicated by the sludge index, the sludge is drawn off the to the sludge holding tank or drying bed. After the activated sludge has separated and clarified from the liquids in the settling tanks, and these liquid should be clear or possibly have a fine floc a few inches below the surface. This clarified liquid then flows into the chlorine contact tank of each Train for additional treatment. The flow or the mixed liquor from the aeration tank to the settling tank with the sludge being returned to the aeration tank or the digestor is shown in Figure No. 1. F. Digestor The use of the digestor is critical to the operation of a wastewater treatment plant. The smaller plants are very seldom equipped with means to decant the tank. The periodic settling of an aerobic digestor allows solids reduction. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 11

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Decanted liquor is returned to the front of the plant and then aerated. This process should reduce the need for frequent hauling of sludge by thickening the residuals to 1-3. The determination of reduction of volatile suspended solids (vss) is done by calculating the vss of the return activated sludge and the vss of the thickened sludge in the digestor. Care must be taken to reduce the suspended solids to nonvolatile solids before doing the calculations. The operator should do this calculation at least monthly and each plant will differ. Through biochemical processes, the organic solids are digested or broken down into simpler or more stable compounds. When the sludge has been completely digested, it is of no further use in the sewage treatment processes and is then drawn off from the digestor. The sludge age is determined by days. The sludge begins to deteriorate if left in the plant for a long period.. G. Chlorine Contact Chamber The function of the chlorine contact chamber/s is to provide disinfection. The parameter range of total chlorine residual that should be maintained is 0.5-2.0 ppm. The chlorination system used for this WWTP is Hypochlorination, because it provides adequate disinfection of the treated effluent and is relatively safe in handling. At the WWTP, the chlorine is introduced for effluent treatment (disinfection) by achieving appropriate chlorine contact and proper levels of chlorine residuals within the Chlorine Contact Chamber. . An electrical metering pump and one (1) solution holding tank is supplied at the W.W.T.P.. The pump draws electric power form the main control panel. The pumps can be activated automatically or manual. To run the pumps in the auto mode the pumps are activated simultaneously when the plant blower/s are energized. When in manual mode both stroke rate and percent stroke must be adjusted by hand. When the pumps are running a light on the pump housing face will illuminate. The Plant Operator shall determine the correct amount of chlorine to be fed to the CCC of the WWTP, and set the stroke rate and percent stroke on the metering pump to achieve desired GPD of chlorine. (Remember the CL2 in the holding tanks are diluted with water, generally 70% CL2 / 30% water, this must be considered when setting pump). H. Effluent Pump Station The effluent pump station at the number one plant can either pump directly to the original sprayfield or can pump to the pump tank of the new sprayfield addition.

The treated effluent that is received in the effluent pump station begins the final stage to effluent disposal. Effluent flows to the holding pond and from there to the pump station. This pumping operation is automatic and is done by using electric driven submersible pumps controlled by four (4) mercury float switches either automatically or manually with the hand on/off switches. The station’s pumps and floats draw electrical power from the main power panel which also services the main plant blowers, influent pump station and control panel, chlorinator pump and etc.. The effluent pump station is illustrated in the diagram on Figure No. 3. The float conditions have been set as follows: Float #1 the low level float, turns both pumps off. Float #2 activates the lead pump. If water level would continues to rise from an unusual flow while the lead pump is running, then Float #3 activates lag pump. Float #4 activates the red signal light and audible alarm in a high water condition. A alternator inside the control panel alternates lead / lag pumps each tine they are shut off. Each pump also has a run light and elapsed time meter at the panel to show when the pump is in use and it’s run time. The float switch liquid levels are established in the influent S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 12

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pump station to determine the PUMP ON, PUMP OFF, and the HIGH WATER POSITIONS within the wet well. The basic components in this automatic and manually operated system include but is not limited to: Float switches, float stem with guides, alternator, elapsed time meters, over-load reset switch, over-load circuit breakers, holding relay, red signal light, audible alarm and etc.. When operating the pump station, the Float switch #2 rises to the PUMP ON POSITION, the alternator activates pump No. 1, as the lead run pump and when the liquid is lowered to the PUMP OFF POSITION, then Float switch #1 engages control relay to then stop the pump No. 1. When the liquid rises again to the PUMP ON POSITION, the alternator then activates pump No. 2, as the lead run pump. This alternator activates the pumps in successive turns to primarily increase the life cycle of this equipment. When the pump station receives unusual high flows and Float switch #3 reaches the HIGH WATER position both pumps are activated simultaneously by the alternator, also Float switch #4 activates and turns on the red signal light and it’s alarm on the panel box, if the liquid level continues to rise indicating trouble. The light and the alarm continues until the toggle or push button switch is replaced to the ON or RESET POSITION, and normal operations are resumed. The red light and the alarm indicates that the high water level has been reached and trouble conditions have occurred. This warns the operator that an unusual flow has occurred or the pumps are having difficulties in keeping liquid pumped down.

I.1 Effluent Disposal System - General Existing, Original Sprayfield From each wastewater plant, effluent flows to its own unlined holding pond. Next to each holding pond, there is an effluent pump station. Each pump station discharges to a common 3" force main which takse the water out to the original sprayfield. In practice, some evaporation and percolation takes place at these ponds. Water is removed as needed by the pump stations. From owner drawings, the existing pumps have a nominal capacity of 45 gallons per minute at 150 feet TDH each. According to owner drawings, the existing sprayfield consists of 4 zones with about 12 sprayeheads per zone. The sprinkler heads are Rainbird standard irrigation types, they do not appear to be specifically designed for effluent. Based on manufacturer's information, they have a capacity of about 4 gpm each. The existing, original sprayfield consists of 5.5 ac. With a permitted capacity of 0.004 + 0.006 MGD from both existing plants, the average permitted loading rate is 0.47 in/week New Sprayfield Addition The proposed effluent disposal system addition is also a sprayfield. The sprayfield has been designed to be loaded at the loading rates recommended by the geotechnical engineer for the project. On this basis the maximum design loading rates will on an annual average basis be 0.32 inches per week. The sprayfield will consist of 4 zones, with all zones having the same area. Each zone consists of 9 sprayheads, each one of which emits 25 gpm and at 5' high has a spray diameter of 140 feet. The sprayheads proposed are designed for use with effluent, rather than very clean potable irrigation water. The gpm and height is selected based on the need to have a large an opening as possible from the sprayhead to prevent clogging while at the sametime pushing enough water over a large enough area so that the actual instant application rate will be low. Water for the sprayfield will come from a dose tank with over 1600 gallons dosing volume. When a sprayfield zone is in operation, the pump station will be pumping 225 gpm. The capacity of the new sprayfield is 10,000 gpd. No more than 4000 gpd can be applied from plant one and no more than 6000 gpd can be applied from plant two. Plant one and plant two may not discharge to the new effluent pump station and the new sprayfield at the same time.

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General System Operation With New Sprayfield At present, water from each treatment plant flows out and slowly fills its own large holding pond. When the water level is high enough, the existing effluent pump station at each pond can be turned on to pump to the existing sprayfield. This operation will continue relatively unchanged with the sprayfield addition, except for the following: 1)

A new effluent pump dosing station is constructed near the existing number two plant effluent dosing station. From the number two plant, piping modifications will allow effluent to flow directly from the plant to either the holding pond or to the new proposed pump dosing station. Valves will be installed to allow flow in either direction.

2)

From the number one plant, effluent will continue to flow first to its holding pond. When its pump station is turned on, new installed piping and valves will allow pumped water to either flow to the existing sprayfield or to flow to the new dose pumping station.

3)

With this setup, both sprayfields can be in simultaneous use. The operator can also select with valves to place all the water on the existing sprayfield or he can also select to place all the water on the new sprayfield.

4)

The recommended normal procedure would be operate the existing originally sprayfield automatically and the new sprayfield semi manually, as will be further described. Weekly the operator should alternate which plant flows to the new sprayfield as opposed to its existing holding pond and sprayfield.

5)

As designed, the new pump station would pump for about 7 minutes, and then cut off for refill. The operator may select either manual or automatic restart.

Sprayfield Loading and Resting At the sprayfield, water would be applied to the zone in use at an instant application rate of 0. 0.25 inches per hour, for 7 minutes. Spraying then automatically stops while the dose tank refills. There are four zones, all the same size. Only one zone is in use at a time. The sprayfield zone in use would be dosed in such manner for 2 days in a row. The zone would then be rotated out for resting for 6 days and the next sprayfield zone would be dosed for two days. With the 8 acres of application area, and an average flow rate of 10,000 gpd This results in an annual average loading rate of 0.32 in week. General - When Plant Number One is Pumping to New Sprayfield. If the number 1 plant is pumping to the new sprayfield, effluent from the number plant holding pond will have to be pumped to the new dose pump tank. The rate of refill will be regulated by an adjustable flow restrictor which maintains existing pump backpressure (to prevent over amping when pumping against reduced head) and regulates how much water can flow into the new dose station. Restricted to about 100 gpm, refill would occur in about 17 minutes, at which time the new pumps would automatically restart, unless manually turned off by the operator. The new pump station would pump for about 7 minutes, and then cut off for refill. The operator may select either manual or automatic restart. The pump station would thus cycle until the water in the holding pond is drawn down to its normal low water level. The pump station would then remain shut off to await recharge, which won't occur until the number 1 pond level comes up again, which may take a day or more. To prevent automatic overload of the sprayfield, the pump controls are equipped with a cumulative run timer such that the pumps may not run more than 44 minutes per day (which at 225 gpm is equivalent to 10,000 gpd). During shut down, should effluent fill the dose tank, it would simply run out a designed gravity overflow pipe to the number 2 plant holding pond. During shut down, should effluent overfill the dose tank, it would simply run out a designed gravity overflow pipe to the number 2 plant holding pond. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 14

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General - When Plant Number Two is Pumping to the New Sprayfield If the number two plant is to pump to the new sprayfield, all of the daily flow will be flowing by gravity to the new dose tank. The operator selects to direct flow to either the pond or the new sprayfield dose tank is by opening and closing a three way valve. The amount of flow may vary daily, but for example at 6000 gpd, the refill time at an average rate of inflow of 5 gpm would result in the the dose volume refilled in about 5.6 hours. The new pump station would pump for about 7 minutes, and then cut off for refill. The operator may select either manual or automatic restart. To prevent automatic overload of the sprayfield, the pump controls are equipped with a cumulative run timer such that the pumps may not run more than 44 minutes per day. During shut down, should effluent fill the dose tank, it would simply run out a designed gravity overflow pipe to the number 2 plant holding pond. During shut down, should effluent overfill the dose tank, it would simply run out a designed gravity overflow pipe to the number 2 plant holding pond. Specific Operational Protocols for New Sprayfield Addition

1. While system is capable of automatic start and stop, operator should manually start the dose station upon arrival, and only after observing the following protocols. If the pump station has not shut off automatically by the time the operator leaves, the operator should shut the system off manually. Pumps should be left in “off” position until the following day. 2. Prior to commencing pumping operation, operator should visually ascertain current weather. Sprayfield should not be operated during periods of actual rainfall. 3. Prior to commencing pumping operation, operator should inspect sprayfield site to ascertain of ground appears saturated (wet surface, applied water easily runs off) or is otherwise dry. Pumps should not be started if ground appears saturated. 4. Prior to commencing pumping operation, operator should check with suitable information such as the National Weather Service. Pumps should not be operated if high wind conditions are present. 5. During Pumping Operation, operator should visually observe the operation of the sprayheads to ascertain if aerosol drift is occuring beyond the fenced property boundary. Should same be observed, the pumps should be shut down. 6. The operator shall manually shut off the sprayfield pumps any time the Park Manager directs they be shut off. 7. The current permit requires that vegetation in the sprayfield be controlled with periodic harvesting and removal of vegetation. The site should be mowed as needed to excessive vegetation does not impede the fall of sprinklered effluent to the ground (generally when grass exceeds 1 foot in height). Annually grass clippings should be baled and removed from the site. 8. If sprayheads are observed to be broken or operating incorrectly, the riser shall be valved off, the heads removed and repaired. 8. Consistent with required practice under permit, operator shall note in facility log book current weather and whether or not effluent was sent to new sprayfield, with flow meter readings recorded as required by permit.

I.2 Existing Holding Pond Chlorinated effluent from the treatment plant is discharged to the holding pond immediately adjacent to the treatment plant . From there it can be discharged (via the effluent pump station) to the alternate sprayfield systems. Any overflow from the pond shall be reported as an abnormal event to the Southwest District and the Hillsborough Environmental Protection Commission within twenty-four hours (24 Hours) of an abnormal occurrence as an abnormal event. The pond should not be allowed to compromise adequate freeboard. When levels in the percolation pond become S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 15

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unacceptably high (within 1 foot of the overflow) effluent should be diverted to the sprayfields.

J. Effluent Disposal System (Original Sprayfield) [The following text is copied from the original manuals by Dames & Moore. A letter addenda updating these instructions follows this section]

INTRODUCTION The effluent disposal system at consists of two effluent holding ponds and one common effluent sprayfield.The disposal system was modified in 1997 in order to provide adequate holding capacity in the effluent holding ponds so that treated effluent could be stored in theponds during the rainy season of each year (June through September).Furthermore, the effluent sprayfield was relocated to an area of land that could properly dispose of treated effluent. Treated effluent is generated at two wastewater treatment plants located at the Park.The effluent holding pondsare located adjacent to each treatment plant and they are accordingly designated as Pond #1 and Pond#2. BASIS OF DESIGN Per requirements of the Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission (HCEPC), a hydraulic analysis was performed to determine an acceptable application rate for treated effluent on the new effluent sprayfield site and the holding volume required for each effluent holding pond. Two separate analyses were conducted.The first analysis was conducted for the new effluent sprayfield site while a second analysis was conducted for the sizing of the effluent holding ponds. A discussion of each analysis is provided below. The sprayfield was originally designed to provide adequate disposal of 35,000 gpd of treated emuent; the combined capacity of both treatment plants.An infiltration analysis was performed that took into account a potential evapotranspiration rate, rainfall, and the percolation rate of the native soils. Historical SMD data was used for the evapotranspiration rate and rainfall while site specific soil testinc, was conducted to estimate the vertical permeability of the surficial soils at the spra),field site.Based on this analysis, it was determined that a total minimum area of 58,300 square feet (1.33 acre) is required to dispose 35,000 gpd.A mounding analysis was subsequently conducted to verify the increase in the surficial water table elevation as a consequence of applying treated effluent on this area of land.A mound height of approximately 6.5 inches was estimated based on the mounding analysis.The seasonal high water table was estimated to range from 1.6 to 2.6 feet below grade across the site.Therefore, based on the mounding analysis, the estimated area of land required for effluent disposal would be adequate to properly dispose of 35,000 gpd. A total of four effluent sprayfield zones were specified in order to provide operational flexibility and to allow loading and resting periods for the soil.Each sprayfield zone has an area of approximately 1.33 acres and is equipped with a control valve to activate or shut-off the zone. Originally, it was envisioned that each zone would be operated for a period of one day.Operation would be cycledbetween each zone during the days when effluent disposal to the sprayfield is required. However,it was discovered during the design phase that saturated soil conditions can be prevalent in the neweffluent sprayfield during many weeks in the rainy season of the year.Ponding of water can occur in the new sprayfield due to S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 16

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heavy rainfall events thereby precluding the use of the sprayfield during such times. Due to this constraint, the HCEPC requires that sufficient holding capacity be available in the holding ponds if the sprayfield is not available for effluent disposal purposes. Therefore, the operation of the sprayfield had to be modified to take into account the possibility that the sprayfieldwould not be available for effluent disposal between the months of June through September.Thus,the operation of the sprayfield must be conducted in such a manner to empty the effluent holdingponds during the dry season of the year.Specifically, beginning in October, the effluent transfer pumps would commence operation on a specified schedule (see below) to pump out all water that may be stored in the effluent holding ponds before the month of June in the next year. A water balance was conducted on both effluent holding ponds to estimate the required size for eachpond in order to properly store treated effluent during the rainy season of the year.Since it isimpractical to assume that the treatment plants would be generating their design capacity each dayduring the rainy season, the water balance took into account historical plant flowrates.In addition,rainfall into the ponds and evapotranspiration out of the ponds was taken into account. The results from the analysis revealed that each holdinc, pond required modifications to provide sufficient holding volume. Therefore, the berm on each pond was elevated to provide the required holding capacity and a new effluent pumping station was desianed to transfer treated effluent stored in the holding ponds to the new effluent sprayfield. As a consequence of using historical flowrates for each treatment plant in the water balance, it was necessary to modify the operating permit of each plant. Although Plant #1 and Plant #2 are designed for a hydraulic treatment capacity of 15,000 gpd and 20,000 gpd, respectively, each plant's rated capacity was reduced to meet that historical maximum three month, averagedaily flow. Therefore,each treatment plant is limited to the following flowrate limits: Plant #16,000 gpd Plant #26,700 gpd It should be noted that these values are rolling three month average daily flowrates for each plant.Higher flowrates up to the design capacity of the plants can be processed during times of peak Park usage such as weekends and holidays. Only the average daily flow over three months is restrictedto the values listed above. STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE The following Standard Operatin- Procedure (SOP) was developed to provide guidance to the operator of the wastewater disposal system to ensure that the system is properly operated in accordance with the requirements of the FDEP and HCEPC.It should be noted that while this SOP provides general protocols for system operation, the operator, at his discretion, can deviate from the protocols under certain conditions.Allowable deviations from the SOP are outlined below.Refer to the Record Drawings for the Wastewater Treatment and Disposal System at Hillsborough River State Park as prepared by Dames & Moore for the location and description of specific components in the disposal system as referenced herein. Operation of the effluent sprayfield can technically commence on October 1 which is assumed to be the first day of the "dry" season.Before activating the effluent pumping system to transfer treated effluent to S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 17

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the sprayfield site, the operator must verify the condition of the ground at the sprayfield. If the operator determines that the ground is not saturated and there is not any ponded water on the sprayfield, operation of the transfer pumping system can commence. However, if saturated and/or ponded conditions are prevalent at the sprayfieldsite, the operator must wait until the sprayfield is dry before commencing effluent disposal operations. Once it has been determined that the ground in the effluent sprayfield is acceptable to receive treated effluent, the operator shall commence operation of the sprayfield.The control valve on sprayfield Zone #1 shall be opened.The remaining control valves for sprayfield Zones #2, #3, and #4 shall be closed. The timer mechanisms on the two effluent transfer pumps shall be set in such a manner toallow the operation of one pump at a time during the course of a day.It is important that the operator adjust the timers so that both pumps are not operational at the same time. The amount of time that each pump runs can range from 6 to 12 hours per day and should be determined by the operator based on visual observations of the effluent sprayfield. At no time should ponding be allowed to occur at the sprayfield site. The effluent pumps were designed to provide adequate operating head to transfer treated effluent to the sprayfield site for proper disposal while providing adequate flow capacity to empty the ponds during the "dry" season.Each pump is a Berkeley, Model BIWPS, 5 horsepower, end suction centrifugal pump. The operator shall adjust the gate valve of the pump discharge piping to throttle pump operation to the required flowrate for proper system operation.Each sprayzone in the effluent spraytield isdesigned for a maximum capacity of 53 gpm (4.4 gpm per sprayhead).Therefore, the operator should throttle the valve down until the flowmeter reads 53 gpm.This flowrate should correspond to a discharge pressure of approximately 74 psig. Refer to the MACK operation and maintenance manual for additional pump information. The operator shall rotate the application of treated effluent between the four effluent sprayfield zones each day. Therefore, operation of the sprayfield should be conducted so that Zone #1 is active during day 1, Zone #2 is active during day 2, Zone #3 is active during day 3, and Zone #4 is active during day 4. On day 5, operation of Zone #1 would occur and the entire rotation schedule would repeat itself. This schedule will require the operator or his designee to manually open and close valves in the sprayfield each day. The operator shall establish a daily schedule to obtain readings from the flowmeters installed at each effluent transfer pump station. The readings should be recorded in a log book (daily preferably) which should be stored with the other documentation for the treatment facility. The log book should also indicate those dates on which no effluent disposal was conducted. Supplemental notes regarding the ground conditions in the effluent sprayfield is also suggested (i.e., dry, wet but not saturated, saturated, and ponded water conditions). Treated effluent will be removed from both effluent holding ponds between October, I and June 1 each year (i.e., over an 8-month period).The minimum water level in each pond should be such that it is at the intake elevation of the foot valve for each effluent transfer pump.By no means shall the water level be allowed to drop to a level which would cause damage to the effluent transfer pumps due to insufficient water flow.The operator shall use his own judgement to determine when to deactivate the pumps. Theoretically, the disposal system should be off-line starting June 1 until September 30. During this S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 18

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time, all treated effluent generated at the treatment plants should be stored in the effluent holding ponds. Possible Deviations from SOP If the water level rises in either effluent holding pond to permit the operation of the effluent transfer pumps during the rainy season, the operator at his discretion can activate the pumps if the effluent sprayf-ield is suitable and capable of receiving effluent. The operator must examine the sprayfield site to confirm that the ground is relatively dry and free of standing water.If the operator determines that the sprayfield can accept treated effluent, the operator can operate the transfer pumps in a manner consistent with the normal operation of the system as outlined above. If standing (ponded) water is observed at any time during sprayfield operation in the "dry"season, the operator should immediately shut-down the pumping system.Depending on the extent of ponded water, the operator may need to transfer operation of the sprayfield from one zone to another or the entire sprayfield may need to be shut down until ponding conditions cease. If longer treated effluent applications periods can be achieved without creating pondedconditions in a particular sprayzone, the operator can allow the zones to operate for periods greater than one day.However, it is recommended that cycling between sprayzones should be provided at least every three days at a minimum. MAINTENANCF, REQUIREMENTS Minimal maintenance will be required for the effluent holding ponds and sprayfield. Below is a summary of those activities that should be conducted from time to time to ensure proper maintenance of the facilities. Effluent Holding Ponds The effluent holding ponds will require periodic mowing to maintain the sod cover. Sod on top as well as along the sides of the berms should be cut to an appropriate height.The exact frequency of mowing should be determined based on Park staff availability and the growth rate of the grass.A suggested mowing schedule is once a month. Excessive vegetative growth along the interior berm of the ponds has occurred historically. It is important to minimize the growth of any broad leaf plant specie to minimize damage to the interior berm.It is suggested that all excessive plant growth be removed as soon as possible from the interior of the pond.The periodic application of a herbicide approved by the applicable regulatory agency(ies) for use in surface waters is also recommended to assist with this particular maintenance issue. Effluent Pumping Stations The effluent pumping stations will require periodic maintenance. The primary components of the stations that should be checked include the condition of the wetwell & intake structure, the transfer pump, the foot valve, the pressure gauge, the turbine flowmeter, and the check and gate valves.A summary of periodic maintenance requirements for these components are outlined below. Wetwell & Intake Structure - The wetwell & intake'structure was designed to screen out debris and S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 19

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algae that may be present in the effluent holding, pond. Therefore, the wetwell should be free of any debris thereby preventing clogging of the sprayheads in the sprayfield. A general inspection of the interior condition of the wetwell should be conducted every year to ensure that there is no debris or other materials present. The intake structure consists of an 8-inch pipe that connects the wetwell to the effluent holding pond. The portion of pipe that extends into the holding pond is surrounded and protected by a gravel bed. This gravel bed should be maintained by cleaning and removing any algae or other debris that may accumulate on it as a consequence of fluctuating water levels in the pond. Pressure cleaning of the gravel is recommended to "knock-off' scum and debris from the gravel. If the intake pipe becomes exposed due to the loss of gravel, additional gravel should be placed around the exposed piping. Effluent Transfer Pumps - The pumps are generally maintenance free with the fluid media used to provide lubrication of the pump's internal seals, wear rings, and packing rings. Information for the replacement of seals and packing is provided in the operation and maintenance manual for the wastewater treatment plant as prepared by MACK Concrete. Foot Valve - The foot valve is located at the bottom of the suction pipe in the wetwell.This valve has a screen to prevent any large debris from entering the pumping system.Tus valve should be checked from time to time to verify that it is clear of debris and/or scum and that the foot valve is properly seatinwhen the pump is off-line. Ancillary Components - All other components at the effluent pumping stations should be maintenance free.However, these components should be removed and checked every 10 years to verify that they are in good working order.If any of the components appear to be dama-ed or not working properly at any time, the component should be replaced. Effluent Sprayfield The primary maintenance work that is required for the effluent sprayfield is maintaining the grass height during the year. All sprayhead risers are approximately 4 feet high. The Park should ensure that the grass is mowed down before the grass exceeds this height and preferably when the grass reaches a height of 2 to 3 feet.The frequency of mowing should be established based on the rate of grass growth and Park staff availability. Prior to mowing the grass in the sprayfield, maintenance staff shall physically remove all sprayhead risers from the field (a total of 48) and store them so that they can be replaced upon completion of mowing activity. Before removing the sprayheads, maintenance staff shall coordinate with the operator of the wastewater treatment facilities to ensure that the effluent pumping system is on-line. Once a sprayhead is removed, the cap at the base of the riser section should be closed thereby making it flush with grade. After completing mowing activity, maintenance staff should immediately replace all sprayheads. There is a metal spike in the base of each sprayhead riser pipe. The purpose of the spike is to depress a ball-seal that is located within the connecting pipe buried in the ground. This ball-seal prevents water from leaving the piping system in case of a damaged or missing riser. The spikes can become dislodged and fall out of the riser pipes from time to time.It is important to take care when removing the riser pipes to ensure that the spikes are not lost. If a spike is dislodged from a riser pipe, maintenance staff should attempt to reinsert the spike into the pipe using appropriate tools.If the spikes cannot be S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 20

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reinserted or if spikes are lost, Park staff should contact the following company to obtain additional spikes and instructions on the replacement of the spikes: The sprayheads should be maintenance free. Each sprayhead has a relatively large outlet to allow small solids to pass without causing the heads to clog. In addition, the sprayheads can rotate 360' or tabs can be set on the sprayheads to restrict the spray range of particular heads. The tabs on some of the sprayheads near the wetlands that border the sprayfield may need to be adjusted to prevent treated effluent from being applied in the wetlands It is likely that the wetlands will expand through time thereby making adjustments to individual sprayheads necessary. If any of the sprayheads become damaged, stolen, or lost, replacements should be ordered from the company listed above. The make and model number of the sprayheads is as follows: Rainbird 25BPJ-FP-ADJ-10.

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SECTION 4 - OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES: 4.1 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES The treatment process needs to be checked. As the flows change, the characteristics of the sewage changes which requires adjustments in operations. Operational tests are necessary to determine the characteristics of the mixed liquor in each stage of treatment so proper treatment adjustments can be made. A. Characteristics Of The Mixed Liquor 1. Color: The mixed liquor at first will have a dark gray appearance blending to a light brown and later to a light chocolate or a dark brown. 2. Odor: When the mixed liquor has the lighter colors, it gives off an odor similar to dish water and possibly a fresh grease or lard odor. As the color changes to dark brown, the liquor will have a slight earthy odor. 3. Flocculation: After the aeration tanks have been in operation, the solids will adhere and form a floc. As floc forms, it is carried to the settling tank. The liquid in the settling tank is not turbulent and the floc being heavier than the liquid, settles to the bottom of the tank. 4. Sludge: The solids or floc is called “activated sludge”. This sludge is active and is returned to the aeration tanks a food for the aerobic bacteria. The sludge, if allowed to remain in the settling tank will become septic and rise to the surface. SECTION 5 - CHECKS, TESTS, RECORDS, AND REPORTING: 5.1 CHECKS, TESTS, RECORDS AND REPORTING During plant operations, the operator should be on the alert and observe each phase of treatment and immediately correct any malfunction. The Plant records should be maintained at the Park Office & at each Train.

5.1.1 CHECKS 1. 2.

3.

4. 5. 6.

Trash and sand accumulated in the influent chamber is to be checked for excessive buildup. Remove sand and trash when necessary. Aeration tanks should have a smooth rolling action. Frothing or foaming is generally caused by excessive air producing a violent, turbulent action. Check floc for formation, size, and settlement. Scum and / or grease should be removed from the settling tanks and promptly taken to a disposal point. The sides of the settling tanks should be scraped and the removed solids pushed downward so that they may be picked up by the sludge pump and returned to the aeration tanks or the sludge holding tank. Sludge holding tank is to be checked for volume and excess sludge drawn-off when necessary. Chlorination unit to be checked for operation. The stilling well should be checked each day. Solids should be collected and disposed in a covered container and disposed of in a sanitary landfill.

5.1.2 TESTS

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It is realized that Operators in some sewage treatment plants have little equipment to perform elaborate laboratory tests; however, by observation, an alert operator can determine irregularities in the operations. In addition to visual observation, the following tests will be helpful in determining the efficiency of the operations. All testing shall be performed in accordance with the permit requirement and must be performed by using approved FDEP or EPA methods. 1. Dissolved Oxygen: This test enables the operator to calculate the plant loading and to determine if adjustments in the air supply should be made. Water normally contains oxygen in solution; and when the maximum amount of oxygen is contained in solution, the water is saturated. This dissolved oxygen is consumed by the bacteria creating a deficiency in the oxygen supply. The amount of dissolved oxygen in liquid is expressed in parts per million (PPM). This test may be done by using the Dissolved Oxygen Test Kit. Generally, 1-2 ppm of DO is preferred in the aeration tanks within 10 minutes of blower startup. Less than 0.2 mg/L of DO should be in the anoxic tank. 2. Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen Demand (CBOD 5) - This test must be performed by an approved lab.: This lab test takes 5 days and gives a direct measure of oxidizable materials and describes the concentration or strength of sewage entering and leaving the plant. Also this test can help to evaluate the plant’s operating efficiency , and whether additional aeration is needed during periods of high BOD. The 5-day B.O.D. denotes the treatment required. The CBOD 5 is the preferred test because it is nitrogen limited. The oxygen content of sewage is rapidly used up by the oxidation process of the micro-organisms. The CBOD is a measure of the oxygen required to stabilize the sewage and is expressed in milligrams per liter, 5-day B.O.D. This test is done under controlled conditions and is done in a laboratory. BOD tests should be taken of the influent and effluent as required by permit. 3. Settleability: This test for settleable solids can be done quickly and it indicates the percent (%) of settleable solids in the mixed liquor in the aeration tank. If compared with the effluent sample test, the comparative results will show how the sludge settles. Visual inspections and laboratory tests is the basis of determining the degree of treatment being attained and corrective measures to improve the treatment. As an expedient to making some of the sludge tests, two (2) quart Mason Jars may be used (Figure No. 8) instead of some of the more expensive or 1000 ml graduated cylinders. If Mason Jars are used, they should be graduated in 10 equal spaces as shown. A grab sample shall be taken from the outlet end of the last aeration tank/basin prior to entering the settling tank (A coffee can, fastened to a broom handle, works well for obtaining samples). Use the clear liquid from the top of the container (Graduated cylinder/Mason Jar) used to collect grab sample. On a graduated cylinder markings are present on the sides, however when using a glass jar a tape is placed and marked in 10 equal spaces. Number from 10 at the top, to 0 at the bottom. Care must be taken to obtain the sample slowly so that it will be a true representative of the prevailing conditions. Do not include surface scum in the sample. Keep the sampler below the aeration liquid level surface (perhaps 2 feet) and remove it after the surface scum has been pushed away. Pour the sample into the jar, along the inclined sides ,if a graduated cylinder is used, so that it does not splash and receive further aeration, at this point. Observe the time (30 minutes) allowed for the sample to set in the container. After a 30 minute settling period, the sample color and odor can be checked. Other duties can be carried out while the sample settling period is taking place. The setteables within the sample should begin separating immediately and be well on the way in 10 minutes if everything is operating properly. A good indicator for the plant’s operation will be if 20 to 40% of the sample’s solids material have settled within the timed 30 minute period allowed to settle. This will vary as the solids content in the aeration tank (MLSS) varies. The plant operator should develop a schedule which permits adequate time to take samples at a pre-determined time of a S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 23

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day, so that the flow and temperature will be similar, and thereby, give a good running comparison of grab samples. 3a. Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Periodically the MLSS should be tested by a laboratory. Twice a year is recommended as a minimum and more often if process problems are apparrent. Generally, MLSS between 2700-4000 are acceptable. Higher values indicate wasting is needed, lower indicates insufficient solids are in the plant. The laboratory should also check the percent Volatile: 70% is a normal value.

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Figure No .5. Mason Jar for Minimum Operational Tests. TEST 1 Mixed Liquor from the Aeration Tank 1. Percent of sludge volume - scale reading a. Type or amount of sludge - dense or light b. General Density - thickness 2. Clarity of liquid (supernatant) clear, cloudy, or turbid. TEST 2 Effluent from the Settling Tank 1. Presence of settled sludge - if the sludge is not settling and being returned to the aeration tanks. 2. Clarity of the supernatant - indicated suspended solids - clear, cloudy, or dark. 3. Floating solids - type dust, floc, or none. 4. Suspended Solids - This test must be performed by an approved lab: The test can also be made easily. The suspended solids when compared with the settleable solids indicated the suspended solid concentration and is a controlling point in plant operation. The results are indicated by determining the Mohlman Sludge Index. This index is expressed as the volume of milliliters occupied by 1 gram of activated sludge after settling 30 minutes. If a low index is indicated such as 60, 65, or 75, the sludge is settling too fast and will appear in the treated effluent. Conversely when the index range is 250 and above, the sludge becomes bulky and it will appear in the effluent. Too much sludge reduces the design capacity of the plant and adversely effects the quality of the effluent. Sludge index = settleable solids in ml per liter x 1000 ppm Suspended Solids 5. Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 25

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Field tests for pH shall be conducted using an EPA approved pH probe. This probe shall be calibrated with two known standards and temperature compensated to provide known pH values. (Indicator kits for pH are not acceptable for testing.) The measurement of pH must follow the criteria and requirement listed in the FDEP - Quality Assurance (QA) Manual. 5.1.3 RECORDS A daily inspection of each unit should be made by the operator and any unusual condition recorded, faulty conditions are to be corrected immediately on so recorded. Plant Operating Data should be fully compiled and recorded each day and as determined applicable for each plant component and effluent parameters. Flow calibration, back flow certification and other tests pertaining to pH levels, Chlorine residual, sludge analysis, etc., are to be recorded so that the information can be referred to in future operations and maintenance of the plant. A current copy of the operation permit(s) for the facilities should also be made available at the plant’s site. Records of power consumption, supplies, and chemicals as well as tools and equipment acquired be kept for costing purposes. Air temperature, wind direction, weather conditions, etc., will be helpful in investigations of nuisance complaints. Records are necessary to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Indicate whether the plant is operating properly. Show necessary corrective action taken when deficiencies occur. Aid in alleged pollution or nuisance complaints. Assist in planning changes or adding to the plant. Help in preparing monthly reports. Assist in determining operation over a period of time.

5.1.4 REPORTING Report flow, performance data as required by the FDEP permit on the required forms. Representatives of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection - Domestic Wastewater Section can be helpful in plant operations. Get to know your local representatives. They understand the local treatment problems and can recommend necessary changes in treatment procedures.

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SECTION 6 - MAINTENANCE, LUBRICATION, TROUBLE SHOOTING & PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS: 6.1 MAINTENANCE The purpose of maintenance is to preserve and to keep the machinery in a good operating condition. The structures, decking, stairs, handrails should be clean. The surrounding grounds should be grassed with a limited number of trees and shrubs, making the plant have a PLEASING APPEARANCE, it is necessary to have PERIODIC MAINTENANCE. Periodic maintenance schedules must be made and CARRIED OUT to have a well run plant. Good housekeeping is the key to cleanliness, operation, and appearance. Your plant is designed to operate at peek efficiency with a minimum amount of maintenance. The maintenance and appearance of your plant is indicative of the operations. In general, good maintenance - good appearance means good operations. Maintenance can be defined as the act of preserving and the keeping in proper condition, or the work of keeping machines, structures, and grounds in good condition. Maintenance is a continuous job. In order to be sure that all items are properly maintained, a check list should be followed. Some of the items on your check list should include the following: A. DAILY MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST 1. Collect settling sample first. Allow 30 minutes for settling while attending to other items. 2. Clean side walls of each tank at and above water level. 3. Clean Decks and Weirs. 4. Check all equipment, pumps, motor, overload, circuit breakers, etc., for proper operations. 5. Check diffusion units for proper operation. Clean and clear plugged or clogged diffuser outlets. 6. Pump in the inlet-structure to be checked for operation. 7. Check sludge return pump flow and operation. Clean if signs of clogging are observed. 8. Inspect air blower, motor, v-belts, muffler, and filter. 9. Perform pH tests. 10. Perform chlorine residual tests. 11. Perform other tests as necessary. 12. Check chlorinator and supply. 13. Make proper entries in your daily log. The log entries shall include the record date, time, operator’s initials and pertinent field notes regarding plant’s normal and abnormal operation conditions. 14. Record flow from flow meter(s). CLEAN OUTSIDE GROUNDS - TRIM AND CUT GRASS AND SHRUBS AS NECESSARY. B. WEEKLY MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST 1. Scrape the sides and sloping bottom of the settling tank to remove any solids so that they will not decompose and turn septic. 2. Check oil level in blower timing gear housing. Add or change oil if necessary. DO NOT OVERFILL. 3. Remove floating trash from Lift Station Wet Well. 4. Remove floating trash from lift station wet well. 5. Electrical panel-control box should be checked for dryness and corrosion.

C. MONTHLY MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST 1. 2. 3. 4.

Clean trash and grit chamber. Clean air diffusers. Check painted areas for blistering, peeling, and scaling. Repaint. Check safety devices. Repair if necessary.

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5. Make necessary tests. 6. Make monthly report of operations. D. SEMI-ANNUAL MAINTENANCE CHECK LIST 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Check oil level in blower. Drain and refill after 1500 hours of operation. Follow instructions in Manufacturer’s Manual DO NOT OVERFILL. Clean ejector pumps, remove any clogging material at the inlet and in the discharge lines. Check each electrical motor to insure smooth running conditions. Have faulty wiring or contacts replaced. Make summary of plant operations costs of chemicals and other costs, gallons of sewage treated, condition of effluent. Clean trash and grit chamber. Contact your Field Service Representative for an evaluation of your plant operations and for recommendations on improvements and adjustments.

Other items should be added to the check list as you gain experience with the plant and its peculiarities. 6.2 LUBRICATION: A. BLOWER Remove square head oil fill plug on rear end. Remove oil level plug at the end of gear case. Fill gear case until oil drips out of oil level hole. Recommended oil Texaco Motor Oil SAE 40 or equivalent (non-foaming). Drain, flush, and refill every 1500 hours. BE SURE THAT THE AIR VENTS ARE KEPT OPEN AND CLEAN. Bearings on the drive end of the blower require grease lubrication every 500 hours of operation. Bearings which requires grease lubrication will have a grease fitting. To prevent damage to grease seals, add only a small amount of grease and the grease vents must be kept open at all times. Recommended grease, Texaco Marfax Multipurpose No. 2 ball bearing grease or equivalent. CHANGE OR ADD OIL WHEN NEEDED CAUTION: DO NOT OVER - LUBRICATE

6.3 TROUBLE SHOOTING & PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS 6.3.1 TROUBLE SHOOTING No matter how well your plant is designed, manufactured, and installed there will be times when additional services and changes in operational procedures will be required. When changes in operation are necessary, the operator should recognize the trouble, determine the cause, and take some corrective action. The trouble-shooting chart below is intended as an aid to the operator to detect the trouble and make corrections before more serious troubles develop.

Influent Structure Problem

Possible Cause

Sluggish discharge to Aeration Tank

Cloth, paper, or other material clogging pump, intake, or discharge pipe.

Clean interior pump and discharge pipe

Pump Vibrating

Impeller Sprung

Replace or repair

Odor - Flies

Septicity

Supply air if air is going to the intake structure, increase air timing cycle.

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Solution

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Aeration System Problem

Possible Cause

Mixed liquor in aeration tanks

Stoppage in diffusion tube, air

Check air pressure. Clean

not rolling even

pressure not equal. Compressor drive belts loose.

diffuser unit. Replace or tighten Drive belts - clean Filter Screen.

Motor and Blower.

Filter Screen clogged. OverLubrication, excess oil in timing gear case. Grease seals leaking moisture in compressor impeller. Too low operating speed.

Clean, drain, and refill. Refill to proper level. Replace seals. Clean with mineral spirits. Increase blower speed.

Gas cock valves on diffusers closed or partially closed.

Open gas cock valves to full open position.

Lack of air volume

Slipping belts. Worn Clearances

Tighten belts. Re-establish Clearance.

Electric Motors not working

Over-load re-set buttons in off position. Over-load circuit breakers in off position.

Reset over-load reset buttons. Determine the cause for the circuit breaker to trip

Loss of oil

Head plate, gear case drive cover vents plugged. Worn seal.

Clean vents

Excessive foaming

Over aeration Excess caustics or detergents in system. Too many or not enough solids.

Reduce air timing cycle to Aeration Tanks. Disperse foam with spray nozzles. Adjust sludge wasting rate.

Excess clogging of Diffusion tubes.

Excess of solids in mixed liquor.

Draw-off sludge. Follow recommendations for sludge draw-off

Mixed liquor remaining a dishwash color and is greasy with dishwater odor. Increase in sludge index of mixed liquor

Too much air. Sewage intake partially clogged. Plant under loaded. Not enough air.

Reduce air timing cycle. Check lines for proper flow. Reduce air timing cycle. Increase air timing cycle.

Air pressure relief

Air pressure high.

Readjust valve. Replace valve seat. Check valves and put in full-open position. Clean diffusers.

Air pressure too low

Restricted or clogged air lines. Restricted or clogged diffusers. Compressor-blower too slow.

Clean lines. Clean diffusers. Increase speed of blower by changing pulleys on motor and blower.

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Solution

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Settling System Problem

Possible Cause

Solution

Floating solids in settling tank.

Solids collected on sidewalls.

Scrape sidewalls at regular intervals forcing the solids downward.

Scum forming on Weir Side of Settling Tank.

Solids collecting on tank sidewall.

Clean or scrape sidewall more often until condition is corrected.

Intake line to sludge pump clogged intake.

Clean air line and pump or restricted. Too much air. Check B.O.D. and compare with loading. Adjust air supply.

Scum forming on influent side of settling tank.

Natural occurrence

Adjust diffusers

Settling emitting odor.

Scum layer too thick.

Diffuse some air about 12inches below surface to break-up scum. Skim scum free from liquid surface and dispose of it.

Sludge pump not working properly.

Air line restricted or clogged. Air pump intake clogged.

Clean air line. Clean pump intake.

Plant produces foul odors.

Too much air.

Reduce air supply. Clean Solids collecting on tank side side wall often until walls. Pump clogged or restricted corrected. Clean air lines and pump intakes.

LEAVES SHOULD BE REMOVED FROM TANK SURFACES IMMEDIATELY AS THEY CAN BE THE MAIN CAUSE OF PUMP CLOGGING.

Chlorination Too little or too much chlorine.

Improper setting of the regulator

Change dosage by holding both discs. Knurled nut is turned counter-clockwise. Rotate outside disc to change dosage.

No chlorine residual.

Regulator not properly adjusted.

Readjust regulator. Clean Chlorine feed line clogged. line. For immediate flash chlorination, place on manual operation. This

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allows continuous feeding. When sufficient chlorine has been supplied, re-set to Defective Chlorinator. Automatic. Repair.

6.3.2 PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS When changes in plant operation becomes inefficient or troublesome, the operator should observe and recognize the problems, to determine the cause, and take some corrective action. The problem diagnosis checklist below is intended as an aid to the operator to detect the trouble and make corrections before more serious troubles develop. Observation: White, thick, billowing or sudsy foam on the aeration tank surface. (Too much food, and not enough microorganisms.) Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Overloaded aeration tank. (Low MLSS)

1. Check BOD loading. 2. Check for cloudy effluent. 3. Check D.O.

1. Stop WAS or maintain minimum WAS. 2. Maintain sufficient RAS. 3.Maintain D.O. between 1.0 - 3.0 mg/l.

2. Excessive sludge wasting tank. (Low MLSS)

1. Decrease in MLVSS. 2. Decrease MCRT

1. Reduce WAS. 2. Increase RAS 1 - 3 ft sludge blanket.

3. Increase in F/M. 4. D.O. levels. 5. Increase in WAS.

3. Toxic Waste

1. Take MLSS sample. (Look for metals. temperature & bactericide)

1. Establish new culture. 2. Enforce Industrial Waste Ordinances.

4. Hydraulic washout

1. Detention time in aeration tank. 2. Surface overflow rate in F/S.

1. Reduce RAS.

Observation: Shinny, dark tan foam on the aeration tank surface. (Not enough food for microorganisms.) Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Aeration tank underloaded due to insufficient sludge wasting. (High MLSS)

1. 2. 3. 4.

1. Increase WAS.

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Increase in MLVSS Increase in MCRT. Decrease in F/M. DO levels.

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Observation: Dark brown, almost black sudsy foam on the aeration tank surface. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Anaerobic conditions are occurring in the aeration tank.

1. Plugged diffusers. 2. Under aeration.

1. Repair diffusers or air pipe or blower/s & etc.

Observation: Localized clouds of homogenous sludge solids rising in certain areas of the clarifier. Mixed liquor settles fairly well with clear supernatant. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Denitrification occurring.

1. Setteability test, (stir sludge to see if bubbles are released.)

1. Stop WAS or maintain 2. Adjust RAS (Maintain sludge blanket 1 - 3 ft. in F/S.

2. Temperature currents.

1. Perform temperature and D.O. in F/S.

1. Install additional baffles

3. Solids washout hydraulic overload. 1. Check aeration tank detention time. 2. Surface overflow rate in F/S.

1. Reduce RAS. 2. Use additional aeration if available.

4. Equipment is malfunctioning.

1. Plugged RAS of WAS lines. faulty equipment. 2. Broken Sludge collector.

1. Repair or replace the

5. Equipment is malfunctioning.

1. Sludge removal rate.

1. Adjust RAS rates Maintain sludge blanket 1 - 3 ft..

2. Sludge blanket depth in F/S. Observation: Localized clouds of fluffy homogenous sludge rising in certain areas of the clarifier. Mixed liquor settles slowly, leaving stragglers in supernatant. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Overloaded aeration tank. (Low MLSS)

1. 2. 3. 4.

1. Decrease WAS.

Decrease in MLVSS. Decrease in MCRT. Increase in F/M. Lower air to maintain D.O. level.

Observation: Clouds of billowing homogenous sludge rising and extending throughout the clarifier. Mixed liquor settles slowly, but supernatant is fairly clear. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 32

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Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Low D.O. in aeration tank. 2. pH in aeration is less than 6.5

1. Check D.O. level. 1. Monitor influent pH. raise

1. Maintain 1 - 3 mg/l D.O. 1. Add alkaline agent to pH, such as caustic soda and lime.

Observation: Clouds of billowing homogenous sludge rising and extending throughout the clarifier. Mixed liquor settles slowly, but supernatant is fairly clear. (Too much food) Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Improper organic loading. 2. RAS.

1. Decrease in MLVSS. Decrease in MCRT.

1. Decrease WAS. 2. Temporarily increase

3. Increase in F/M. 4. Change D.O. levels.

3. Maintain 1 - 3 mg/l D.O.

1. ML under microscope to determine type of organism.

1. Chlorinate influent.

2. Filamentous organisms.

2. Chlorinate RAS. 3. Wastewater nutrient deficiencies.

1. Check nutrient levels of influent.

1. Add nitrogen, phosphorus or iron.

Observation: Sludge clumps rising to and dispersing on the clarifier surface. Mixed liquor settles fairly well, but settled sludge rises to the surface within four (4) hours after test has been started. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Denitrification

1. Check D.O. 2. Check R.A.S. rates. 3. Check sludge blanket depth. depth.

1. Increase WAS. 2. Maintain 1 - 3 mg/l D.O. 3. Adjust RAS 1 - 3 ft.

2. Septicity.

1. Check mechanical function of F/S equipment, diffusers & etc..

1. Repair equipment.

Observation: Secondary effluent from the clarifier is cloudy. Mixed liquor settles poorly, leaving cloudy supernatant. (Not enough microorganisms for food coming into the plant.) Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. MLSS in aeration tank is to low. 2. Increase in organic loading.

1. B.O.D. loading. 1. Check organic loading.

3. Toxic shock loading.

1. Microscope exam. (Look for inactive protozoa)

1. 1. 2. 1.

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Don’t waste sludge. Reduce WAS. Increase R.A.S. Reestablish new culture.

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Observation: Fine dispersed floc extending throughout the clarifier with little islands of sludge accumulated on the surface and discharging over weirs. (Bug bones, low F/M; they are eating each other.) Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Aeration approaching underloaded conditions.

1. Increase in MLVSS. 2. Increase in MCRT.

1. Increase WAS. 2. Adjust RAS, 1 - 3 ft. depth.

3. Decrease in F/M. 4. Decrease in WAS. 5. Decrease in organic loading. Observation: Small particles of ash-like material floating on the clarifier surface. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Beginning of denitrification.

1. Stir sample to see if the floc will settle out and bubbles release.

2. Grease in the mixed liquor.

1. Perform grease analysis.

1. Increase WAS. 2. Adjust RAS, 1 - 3 ft. depth. 1. Find the source and stop it.

Observation: Particles of straggler floc extending throughout the clarifier and discharging over weirs. Probable Cause

Check

Remedy

1. Aeration tank underloaded. (Low MLSS)

1. Decrease MLVSS. 2. Decrease MCRT.

1. Decrease WAS. 2. Adjust RAS, 1 - 3 ft. Depth. 3. Decrease CFM.

3. Increase F/M. 4. Increase or decrease organic loading. SECTION 7 - SAFETY

7.1 SAFETY: To you, the Owner or the Operator, CLEANLINESS is the FIRST WORD IN SAFETY. A clean plant generally is a well run plant. The Regulatory Agencies require notification when a abnormal event (Note: See Chapter 7.1 for reporting requirements) or failure occurs at the plant. A. FENCING OR ENCLOSURES Fencing should be provided around the sewage treatment plant to prevent anyone from falling into the open tanks and to keep unauthorized persons from tampering with the equipment. B. GUARDS AND HANDRAILS All moving parts on motors, pumps, and blowers should have guards i.e. exposed motor drive shafts, shafts to pumps, pulleys and belts on the blower. Handrails may be provided around open tanks and stairwells, if required. C. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 3 Pg. 34

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Exposed wiring should be replaced. Control panel boxes are to be kept shut at all times. Protect panel boxes from the weather and keep dry. D. EQUIPMENT All equipment should be in good operating order. Do not work on moving equipment. Replace guards prior to operating equipment. E. SAFETY EQUIPMENT All safety equipment should be stored at the plant in a secure place. Gas masks, safety lines, ladders should be tested at regular intervals to see that they are in good working order. F. IMMUNIZATION Your own physician or your County Health Officer can advise you on the immunization shots you should have. Operations of a Sewage Treatment Plant is not dangerous but you should be protected from epidemic bacteria that you could contact. G. CLEANLINESS Keep the plant clean. Keep clean yourself. When making repairs or adjustments, keep as clean as you can and wash immediately when the repairs are completed.

SECTION 8 - DEFINITION & TERMS: 8.1 DEFINITION & TERMS The following glossary includes definitions of terms commonly used in sewage treatment practices; 8.1.1 GLOSSARY AEROBIC - A type of micro-organism that lives only in the presence of free oxygen. ANAEROBIC - A bacteria that is able to exist without free oxygen. AERATION - Bringing about the intimate contact of air and a liquid. B.O.D. - Biochemical Oxygen Demand. A method of measurement to determine the proportion of waste. BULKING SLUDGE - A phenomenon that occurs in activated sludge plants. The sludge occupies excessive volumes and does not readily concentrate. CAUSTIC - A substance that causes burning or corroding, such as lye, sewer or pipe cleaners, etc. C.F.M. - Cubic feet per minute CHLORIDE - A compound of chlorine with another element. COAGULATION - The agglomeration of clumping together of colloidal or fine suspended matter by physical or chemical action. COLLOID - Finely divided solids which will not settle but may be removed by coagulation or biochemical action. COMMINUTION - The process of screening sewage and cutting or grinding the screenings into particles fine enough to pass screen openings. DIFFUSER - A porous plate or tube which air is forced into and divided into small bubbles for diffusion in liquids. DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.) - Oxygen dissolved in sewage or water and expressed in ppm. EFFLUENT - A liquid that flows out of a containing space. FC - Fecal coliforms

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FLOC - A colony of biological life and resembles small woolly fluffy masses. F/M Ratio - Food-to-microorganism ratio FS - Fecal streptococci INERT - Inactive, sluggish, devoid of active properties. INFLUENT - Flowing in. MCRT - Mean cell residence time MIXED LIQUOR - The mixture found in the aeration stage of the Extended Aeration System. M.L.S.S. - Mixed-liquor Suspended Solids. M.L.V.S.S. - Mixed-liqour Volatile sSspended sSolids NITRIFICATION - The oxidation of organic nitrogen into nitrates through biochemical action. ORGANIC - Produced by, composed of containing organs. OXIDATION - The converting of organic matter contained in sewage to a more stable or a mineral form. pH - A method of measuring the ratio between acids and alkali. PROTOZOA - Small one-celled animals including amoebae, cilitates, and flagellants. R.A.S. - Return activated sludge SLUDGE INDEX - The volume in milliliters occupied by aerated mixed liquor containing 1 gram of dry solids after settling 30 minutes. SUPERNATANT LIQUOR - The liquor overlying deposited solids. SLUDGE SEEDING - The inoculation of undigested sewage solids with sludge that has undergone decomposition. SUSPENDED SOLIDS (S/S) - Solids that float on the surface of a liquid or are in suspension in the liquid. TOTAL SOLIDS - All of the solids in sewage including suspended solids. TURBID - Muddy; cloudy; dense; dark. W.A.S. - Waste activated sludge WEIR - An instrument used to govern the flow of liquid from the surface of the settling tank.

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

(Flow Calibration Methods) Chapter 4

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Flow Calibration Methods

Section 4.1 Collection/Transmission System (PUMP-DOWN METHOD)

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4.1

Flow Calibration Methods (Pump-Down / Hour Meter)

1.

The influent and effluent flow measures for the WWTP shall be recorded by using a pump down method and reading of the elapsed time (Hour) meter. Historical records or reports shall be kept and made obtainable for inspection at the District Office & plant site.

2.

The attached form, Titled; Flow Calibration using pump down method, can be used for a reporting document. This form shall be updated and certified annually and maintained on site at the treatment plant for inspection purposes.

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Operation, Maintenance & Performance Inspections Chapter 5

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Operation & Maintenance

Section 5.1 Operation, Maintenance & Performance Inspections

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OPERATION, MAINTENANCE & PERFORMANCE INSPECTIONS HILLSBOROUGh RIVER STATE PARK WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT #1

5.1

This OPERATION, MAINTENANCE & PERFORMANCE INSPECTIONS guide is intended to help the licensed operator, engineer of record and other responsible park/recreation area personnel to evaluate the condition of the facility, and will provide reasonable assurances that the above referenced wastewater treatment facilities, both treatment and disposal components operation, maintenance, permit conditions and limitations shall be met during its approved operating period. It is recommended that a inspection regime be established by the involved parties for the purpose of confirming that continuos bimonthly records are generated to verify the plant operation conditions. The primary objectives of this inspection is to make the following assessments:

1.

Evaluate the capability of the treatment and disposal facilities to function as intended.

2.

Evaluate the physical condition of each treatment unit / component, the treatment efficiencies of each treatment process, the overall treatment efficiency of the treatment plant, performance trends and the operation and maintenance program.

These responsible parties, physically inspected both the treatment and disposal facilities and concluded that they were in good working order and functioning as intended. Each facility’s treatment unit / component was examined to evaluate it’s condition, operation and planned maintenance. Our examinations revealed the following:

I.

Treatment Facility - Extended Aeration Plant with a design treatment capacity of .015 MGD. 1) The treatment facility is a previously permitted operating treatment plant consisting of concrete tanks, pumps, controls valves and piping (plastic and galvanized). Each of the facilities treatment units / components identification,, physical condition and maintenance are listed on the following form:

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HILLSBORUGH RIVER WWTF #1 OPERATION, MAINTENANCE & PERFORMANCE INSPECTION FORM

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 5

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1. Influent Pump Station & Control Panel Circular concrete enclosure with duplex submersible pump to convey raw sewage to the plant’s headworks to begin treatment process. Metallic enclosure (NEMA 4X, Stainless Steel) with electrical power breakers, generator receptacle, relays, contactors and accessories.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 6

Hands-On-Automatic (HOA) Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Elapsed Time Meters Checked regularly for function efficiency. Contactors Checked regularly for function efficiency. Relays Checked regularly for function efficiency. Alternators Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Breakers Checked regularly for function efficiency. Pump Reset Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Indicator Lights Checked regularly for function efficiency. Submersible Pumps Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Station Piping Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Panel Wiring Checked Monthly for function efficiency. Alarm Horn & Light Checked regularly for function efficiency. Float Switches Cleaned and checked monthly to determine function efficiency. Emergency Generator Receptacle Checked monthly for function efficiency. Wet Well Apply protective coating to tank, when necessary. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Check Valves (Ball/Swing) Checked monthly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ 7/08 FPS

2. Surge Tank Rectangular concrete tank with aeration piping for plant’s treatment process.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 7

Tank Hose down tank periodically. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Apply protective coating to tanks, when necessary. Diffusers Clean aeration line diffuser when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Aeration Piping Check and clean aeration line/s when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

7/08 FPS

3. Aeration Tanks Rectangular concrete tanks (3) with aeration piping (PVC) for plant’s treatment process.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 8

Tank Hose down tank periodically. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Apply protective coating to tanks, when necessary. Diffusers Clean aeration line diffuser when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Aeration Piping Check and clean aeration line/s when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _

7/08 FPS

4. Anoxic Tank Rectangular concrete tank for nitrate nitrogen removal.

Tank Hose down tank periodically. Tank interior kept clean by brushing, etc. Remove trash regularly. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Apply protective coating to tanks, when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Check Mixer for proper operation, excessive noise Lubricate per manufacturer’s instructions

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 9

7/08 FPS

5. Secondary Clarifier (Settling) Tank Rectangular concrete tank for detention area for secondary clarification through the plant’s treatment process.

Tank Hose down tank periodically. Tank interior kept clean by brushing, etc. Remove trash regularly. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Apply protective coating to tanks, when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Return Activated Sludge Line Check and clean line/s regularly. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Weirs Check and clean line/s regularly. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ __ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

6. Aeration Motors/Blowers air blowers to produce forced air through aeration lines and valves for plant’s treatment process.

Blowers Check motor oil monthly. Grease quarterly. Replace belts and filters , when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 10

7/08 FPS

7. Aeration Lines and Valves Galvanized piping aeration lines with brass gate control valves.

Aeration Piping Check and clean aeration line/s when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

8. Digestor Tank Rectangular concrete tank with aeration lines utilized for plant’s treatment process and sludge holding.

Tank Hose down tank periodically. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Check and clean R.A.S. line/s when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Apply protective coating to tanks, when necessary. C Pump out tank when needed and dispose sludge at the municipal treatment facility.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 11

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9. Chlorine Injector System (Hypochlorination) Liquid type chlorine injection by steener pump for plant’s effluent treatment process.

Chlorine Injector System Keep barrel full with solution. Replace tubing and hoses, when needed. Check and adjust dosing time as necessary to achieve proper chlorine residuals results. Keep replacement parts on hand for steener pumps and controls. Checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

10. Chlorine Contact Chamber Rectangular concrete tank with chlorine injection system for plant’s effluent treatment process and introduce flows to equalization system prior to filter and disposal.

Chamber Clean out tank chambers, when necessary. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Apply protective coating to tank, when necessary. Take BOD, TSS, PH, Chlorine, Nitrate and Fecal samples.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 12

7/08 FPS

11. Plant Blowers Control Panel Metallic enclosure (NEMA 3R, Painted Steel) with electrical power breakers, generator receptacle, blowers relays, contactors and accessories.

Hands-On-Automatic (HOA) Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Elapsed Time Meters Checked regularly for function efficiency. Contactors Checked regularly for function efficiency. Relays Checked regularly for function efficiency. Alternators Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Breakers Checked regularly for function efficiency. Blower/s Reset Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Indicator Lights Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Wiring Checked Monthly for function efficiency. Emergency Generator Receptacle Checked monthly for function efficiency. Enclosure Perform routine maintenance. Keep clean and paint enclosure, when needed. Replace defective or worn parts, when needed. Power supply equipment (breakers, terminals & etc.) checked regularly for function efficiency.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 13

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ___________________ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ 7/08 FPS

12. Treatment Plant Control Panel Metallic enclosure (NEMA 3R, Painted Steel) with primary electrical power breakers.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 14

Enclosure Perform routine maintenance. Keep clean and paint enclosure, when needed. Replace defective or worn parts, when needed. Power supply equipment (breakers, terminals & etc.) checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

7/08 FPS

13. Flow Equalization Tank & Control Panel Metallic enclosure (NEMA 4X, Stainless Steel) with pump/s relay, contactors and accessories.

Hands-On-Automatic (HOA) Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Elapsed Time Meters Checked regularly for function efficiency.

Contactors Checked regularly for function efficiency. Relays Checked regularly for function efficiency. Alternators Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Breakers Checked regularly for function efficiency. Pump Reset Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Indicator Lights Checked regularly for function efficiency. Submersible Pumps Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Station Piping Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Panel Wiring Checked Monthly for function efficiency. Alarm Horn & Light Checked regularly for function efficiency. Float Switches Cleaned and checked monthly to determine function efficiency. Emergency Generator Receptacle Checked monthly for function efficiency. Wet Well Apply protective coating to tank, when necessary. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Check Valves (Ball/Swing) Checked monthly for function S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 15

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ 7/08 FPS

14. Filter Tank & Control Panel Metallic enclosure (NEMA 4X, Stainless Steel) with pump/s relay, contactors and accessories.

NOT APPLICABLE TO THIS PLANT

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 16

Hands-On-Automatic (HOA) Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Elapsed Time Meters Checked regularly for function efficiency. Contactors Checked regularly for function efficiency. Relays Checked regularly for function efficiency. Alternators Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Breakers Checked regularly for function efficiency. Pump Reset Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Indicator Lights Checked regularly for function efficiency. Submersible Pumps Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Station Piping Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Panel Wiring Checked Monthly for function efficiency. Float Switches Cleaned and checked monthly to determine function efficiency. Wet Well Apply protective coating to tank, when necessary. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Check Valves (Ball/Swing) Checked monthly for function efficiency. Ball & Gate Valves Checked monthly for function efficiency. Backwash System Checked monthly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ 7/08 FPS

15. Plant Emergency Power Connection Metallic enclosure (NEMA 3R, Painted Steel) for primary and emergency electrical power disconnects.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 17

Enclosure Perform routine maintenance. Keep clean and paint enclosure, when needed. Replace defective or worn parts, when needed. Power supply equipment (fuses, terminals & etc.) checked regularly for function efficiency.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

7/08 FPS

DISPOSAL UNIT/COMPONENT (PRIMARY & EMERGENCY DISPOSAL SYSTEMS)

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 18

MAINTENANCE & PERFORMANCE

INSPECTION DATE & NOTES

7/08 FPS

1. Effluent Pump Station & Control Panel Circular concrete enclosure with duplex submersible pump to convey clarified effluent to the plant’s chlorine contact chamber for additional treatment. Metallic enclosure (NEMA 4X, Stainless Steel) with electrical power breakers, generator receptacle, relays, contactors and accessories.

Hands-On-Automatic (HOA) Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Elapsed Time Meters Checked regularly for function efficiency. Contactors Checked regularly for function efficiency. Relays Checked regularly for function efficiency. Alternators Checked regularly for function efficiency. Panel Breakers Checked regularly for function efficiency. Pump Reset Switches Checked regularly for function efficiency. Indicator Lights Checked regularly for function efficiency. Submersible Pumps Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Station Piping Checked semi-annually for function efficiency. Panel Wiring Checked Monthly for function efficiency. Alarm Horn & Light Checked regularly for function efficiency. Float Switches Cleaned and checked monthly to determine function efficiency. Emergency Generator Receptacle Checked monthly for function efficiency. Wet Well Apply protective coating to tank, when necessary. Check Tank integrity semiannually. Check Valves (Ball/Swing) Checked monthly for function efficiency. Ball & Gate Valves

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 19

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ 7/08 FPS

2. Valve and Metering Valves and meter to control and measure effluent flows conveyed through the force main piping. The force main connection also provides even distribution of effluent flow throughout the effluent disposal system. These components are utilized for controlling and monitoring the treated effluent flows

Meter Checked monthly for function efficiency. Check Daily. Calibrate meter annually. Check Valves (Ball/Swing) Checked monthly for function efficiency. Check Daily.

3. Air Release Valves Valves to release trapped air from force main and convey treated effluent to primary disposal system.

Valves Check Daily for function efficiency. Repair breaks, when necessary.

4. Force Main 3” PVC Force Main to convey treated effluent to sprayfield disposal system.

Force Main Check Daily. Repair pipe breaks or damage, when necessary.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 20

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

7/08 FPS

5. Effluent Holding Pond .

Check system daily. Check water elevation daily to determine whether system is functioning efficiency. Maintain and cut grass in berns regularly to prevent high growth. Repair pipe breaks, when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Operate as per recommendations of Engineer of Record.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

6. Effluent Sprayfield

Percolation/Evaporation Pond Check system daily. Repair pipe breaks, when necessary. Checked regularly for function efficiency. Load as recommended by Engineer of Record Keep application area mowed and control growth. Maintain easy accessibility to sprayfield for maintenance, when necessary.

DATE: ____________ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _ ____________________________ _

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 21

7/08 FPS

SPARE PARTS LIST: 2 - Chlorinators with additional, ferrules, tubing and etc. Miscellaneous pipes with valves and fittings. Electrical components (relays, alternators, capacitors, belts & etc.) for both pump stations (influent & effluent) and plant blowers. 1 - Influent pump, 1 - Effluent pump, 1 - Effluent pump,

GRAVITY SEWER SYSTEM

System Description: 8" gravity sewer system serving the Park. See Record drawings for layout. Pump Stations: See WWTP discussion for pump station information. O&M Requirements: Annually inspect all manholes for signs of accumulated grit and debris. Pump and remove in accordance with standard industry practice and safety measures. Biannually lamp maholes to verify no breaks or intrusions in sewer system or accumulations of debris. Pig lines as often as such inspections indicate are necessary. Inspect service connections and cleanouts to ensure tight connection made, caps on, and no stormwater intrusion through cleanouts.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 22

7/08 FPS

Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Record Keeping Chapter 6

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 5 Pg. 1

7/08 FPS

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 2

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6 .0 Required Documents to Maintain: C

Current permit

C

Record Drawings

C

Operation and Maintenance Manual

C

Operator’s Log Book

C

Monthly Operating Report Data (Forms and Laboratory Data)

C

Flow Meter Calibration Certificate

C

RPZ Certification

C

Latest Sludge Analysis

C

Current Agricultural Use Plan and/or Sludge Hauler’s and Residuals Management Facility Records

C

Sludge Hauling Records on Approved Form

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 3

7/08 FPS

Record Keeping

Section 6.1 Sample Custody & Documentation

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 4

7/08 FPS

6.1

SAMPLE CUSTODY AND DOCUMENTATION

The following discussions outline the minimum record keeping requirements as they relate to sample collection, sample handling and sample analysis activities. The protocols and requirements outlined in this section emphasize the use of unequivocal, accurate and methodical records to document all activities affecting sample data. Additional requirements may be imposed by specific DEP programs (e.g. Drinking Water) or other agencies (e.g. HRS, EPA, etc.). If applicable, the organization shall meet the DEP QA requirements and the additional or more stringent requirements of the other programs or agencies. There are two levels of custody: 1) Sample custody or tracking and 2) Legal or evidentiary chain of custody. 1. Sample custody or tracking is required by DEP. It includes all records and documentation necessary to trace a sample from point of origin through final report and sample disposal. Sample custody requires that each event or procedure to which the sample is subjected be documented. These include, but are not limited to: sample collection, field preservation, sample receipt and log in, sample preparation, sample analysis and sample disposal. In addition, those tasks or activities that relate to each of the above-mentioned events ( e.g. reagent preparation, calibration, preventive maintenance, quality control measures, etc.) must be documented/ The history of the sample must be readily understood through the documentation. 2. Legal or Evidentiary Chain of Custody (COC) is a special type of sample custody which requires that the physical possession, transport and storage of a sample be documented in writing. The records must account for all periods of time from sample container acquisition through sample disposal. COC protocols are not required by the Department, But are recommended. If implemented, the minimum documentation requirements outlined in section 6 must be followed. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CUSTODY AND DOCUMENTATION Record Keeping System Design - General Requirements Each organization shall design and maintain a record keeping system that is succinct and efficient: 1. All records shall be maintained in a manner which facilitates documentation tracking and allows historical reconstruction of all analytical events and ancillary procedures that produced the resultant sample analytical data. 2. The system shall unequivocally link all documentation associated with a sampling event from sample collection through the final analytical result and sample disposal. This may be accomplished through either direct or cross-references to specific documentation. 3. The system shall be straightforward and shall facilitate the retrieval of all working files and archived records for inspection and verification purposes. 4. Final reports, data summaries, or other condensed versions of data that have been prepared by external parties shall be linked to internal records by an unequivocal cross-referencing mechanism (usually field and/or laboratory ID numbers). 5. Records of monitoring information shall include: the date, exact place, and time of sampling or measurement; the person responsible for performing the sampling or measurement; the date(s) analyses (field or laboratory) were performed; the person responsible for performing the analyses; the analytical techniques or methods used; and the results of such analyses.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 5

7/08 FPS

6.1.2 Documentation Criteria - All records of monitoring must be retained for at least three (3) years. 1.

The history of a sample must be clearly evident from the retained records and documentation. Copies or originals of all documentation which are associated with the analysis or sample collection event must be kept. This includes the documentation that is sent to or received from all sampling and analysis organizations.

2.

All applicable documentation specified in this section shall be available for inspection during any sampling-site, facility (laboratory or offices) or data audit conducted by authorized representatives of DEP.

3.

The records must contain enough information so that excessive clarifications, interpretations or explanations of the data are not required from the originator.

4.

All documentation and record entries shall clearly indicate the nature and intent of each entry. a.

All documentation entries shall be signed or initialed by responsible staff. The reason for the signature or initials shall be clearly indicated in the records (e.g. sampled by; prepared by; reviewed by; etc.).

b.

Often documentation requirements can be met by making brief references to the standard operating procedures manual written or other approved methodology promulgated by external sources. If these standard procedures are routinely repeated in your operations (e.g. sample preparation procedures, decontamination protocols, analytical method, etc.), then citing these references may be appropriate. Such citations must specifically identify the document, method of SOP, and must include the revision number or revision date. Copies of all revisions must be retained as part of the laboratory documentation.

6.1.3 Record-keeping Protocols 1.

Entries into all records shall be made with waterproof ink.

2.

Entries in records shall not be obliterated by erasures or markings. All corrections to record-keeping errors shall be made by one line marked through the error. The individual making the correction shall sign (or initial) and date the correction.

3.

All reports submitted to the Department shall be submitted with original signatures.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 6

7/08 FPS

Record Keeping

Section 6.2 Preparation of Field Sampling Supplies and Equipment

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 7

7/08 FPS

6.2 PREPARATION OF FIELD SAMPLING SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT All parties providing sample containers, preservation reagents or sampling equipment shall maintain tracking records. A system of records or codes shall be designed to link cleaning records, preservation or reagent preparation records and trip blanks (if applicable) to the associated equipment, containers, preserved containers, analyte-free water and preservatives which may be shipped in sampling kits. These records shall be maintained by the party responsible for providing any or all of the above-mentioned equipment, containers and/or reagents. 6.2.1 Content Requirements For Sampling Kit Documentation The contents of each prepared sampling kit (see Appendix A for definition) shall be documented. A packing list or similar record shall be transmitted to the receiving party with the sampling kit and a copy or other record shall be retained by the preparing party. 6.2.1.1

The following information shall be transmitted to the receiving party:

a.

Quantity, description and material composition of all containers, container closures or closure liners (if method specified) and all sampling equipment;

b.

Intended application for each container type indicated by approved analytical method or method group;

c.

Type and concentration of preservative added to clean sample containers and/or shipped as additional preservative;

d.

Intended use of any additional preservatives or reagents;

e.

Description of any analyte-free water (i.e. deionized, organic-free, etc.);

f.

Types and number of any quality control blanks (e. g., trip blanks);

g.

Date of kit preparation; and

h.

Description and material composition of all reagent transfer implements, e.g., pipettes, shipped in the kit.

This information may be in the form of a packing slip. 6.2.1.2

In addition to maintaining records of the above information, the preparing party shall maintain records or cross reference links of the following information:

a. Lot numbers of any commercially obtained sources of analyte-free water (if provided); b. Material composition of all reagent and analyte-free water containers (if provided); c. A code or reference (i.e., lot numbers) to dates in container and/or equipment cleaning logs; d. A code or reference that links preservatives to preparation logs for preservatives or vendor lots; e. Name of receiver of kit; f. Project name for kit use, if known; g. Name of individual(s) preparing the kit; and h. Date the kit was shipped or provided. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 8

7/08 FPS

6.2.1.3

If the sampling kits are prepared for internal use (i.e. they will not be shipped to any external party, including branch offices of the same organization) and the sampling kits are used for collecting routine (i.e. daily, weekly, monthly or yearly monitoring) samples, the records in 6.2.1.1 and 6.2.1.2 may be reduced to the following: a. The cleaning records for sampling equipment and /or sample containers (see 6.2.3 below) shall indicate who received the cleaned containers or equipment and the date of receipt. b. The preservation and/or reagent preparation records shall indicate that the preservative or reagent was prepared for use in the field.

6.2.2 Documentation for Preservatives Sample preservatives and other reagent preparations shall be traceable to preparation dates and vendor sources and/or lot numbers. 6.2.3 Documentation of Cleaning Procedures for Sampling Equipment and containers for Samples, Reagents and Analyte-Free Water Records shall be maintained for all container or equipment cleaning. This requirement shall apply to all containers and equipment cleaned or prepared for use in field sampling activities. Field-meter probes or other devices contacting the sample or sample source are also included in this category: 1.

The material composition, size and any other description of all sample, preservative or analyte-free water containers, container closures and closure liners or sampling equipment cleaned or prepared;

2.

A detailed, step-by-step description of the cleaning protocols including cleaning agents, water types or other reagents used in the procedure. Reference to internal SOPs may be used (see 6.1.2.4.b);

3.

Date of cleaning;

4.

Individuals (s) responsible for cleaning;

5.

Storage conditions (i.e. wrapped in foil, boxed, etc.) shall be described (internal SOPs may be referenced);

6.

Storage location for cleaned containers and equipment;

7.

Unique ID numbers or codes assigned to individual containers or pieces of equipment;

8.

The number of cleaned containers or equipment if prepared or cleaned in groups or lots (i.e., cleaned or prepared in the same session, using the same lots of cleaning materials). A group or lot number may be assigned., This code must be linked to any individual Ids (if used), the cleaning date (see 6.2.3.3 above) and any sampling kit Ids and records.

9.

Any quality control information concerning the cleanliness of the containers and/or equipment must be retained and must be linked to the set (see 6.2.3.8).

10.

The intended end use of the equipment and/or containers shall be indicated (e.g. Teflon bailers cleaned for organics; 30 plastic containers cleaned for metals, etc.).

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 9

7/08 FPS

Record Keeping

Section 6.3 Custody and Documentation Requirements for Field Operations

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 10

7/08 FPS

6.3 CUSTODY AND DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR FIELD OPERATIONS The following documentation requirements shall be followed for all field-sampling operations. 6.3.1 General Protocols 1.

Copies of all COC forms (if applicable) or sample transmittal forms shall be maintained with project records. If the sampling and analysis activities are performed by the same organization at the same physical location (e.g. wastewater sampling and analysis and if all records are maintained in a central location, a single copy of the COC form (if used) or the laboratory transmittal form may be retained.

2.

Entries into all field records shall be made with waterproof ink.

3.

Errors in all documents shall be deleted with one line (see Section 6.1.3.2).

4.

All documentation/logs shall be signed/initialed by the appropriate personnel.

5.

It is recommended that all time be recorded using 24 hour notation (e.g., 2:00 PM is 1400 hours).

6.3.2 Sample Identification Requirements 1.

All sample containers must be labeled (tagged). a.

At a minimum, the label or tag shall identify the sample with the field ID number.

b.

Additional information (i.e. preservation, sampler’s name, etc.) may be included as a part of the tag or label.

c.

The label or tag shall be attached so that it does not contact any portion of the sample that is removed or poured from the container.

2.

The Field ID number shall be a unique number or code that is assigned to EACH sample container. The assigned code must unequivocally link the collected sample to the time or date of sampling, and may include information concerning the location of the sampling point. Samples that are routinely collected from the same location must be identified by more than the designated location code.

3.

At a minimum, the ID numbers must be recorded on all sample tags (or labels), in the field records, and on all transmittal records or COC forms.

4.

Ancillary records (photographs, videotapes, maps, etc.) must be easily traced to specific sampling events and are subject to the same custody requirements as other records discussed in this Section.

6.3.3 Required Documentation All activities related to sampling events shall be documented in the field records. At a minimum, the types of records that must be maintained include, but are not limited to the following: 1.

Sample labels/tags (with identifying ID#s).

2.

Sample seals (if required).

3.

Sample transmittal forms (or COC forms).

4.

Field sheets, logs, notebooks or other records.

6.3.4 Required Information S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 11

7/08 FPS

6.3.4.1

Sample Transmittal Records

All samples that are submitted to a laboratory must be accompanied by a sample transmittal or Chain of Custody record . This record may be designed as individual forms for each sample or a summary form for a set of samples. AT A MINIMUM, the information transmitted to the laboratory shall include: a.

Site name and address (Client Code may be acceptable if samples are considered sensitive information and if the field records clearly trace the code to a specified site and address).

b.

Date and time (military time preferred) of sample collection.

c.

Name of sampler responsible for sample transmittal.

d.

Field ID#(s) (see 6.3.2 above).

e.

Number of samples.

f.

Intended analyses - The analytical method number shall be listed if the sample results are related to a QAPP or other document (e.g. DEP Rule or permit) which specifies the method to be used.

g. Preservation (may be indicated on sample label/field sheets). h. Comments section (about sample or sample conditions). i. Appropriate place for identification of common carrier (if used). 6.3.4.2

Field Records

The following information must be documented in the records maintained by the sampling organization. This information may be recorded in bound notebooks or on field sheets that have been designed for a specific purpose. All loose records (i.e. field sheets, photographs, etc.) shall be unequivocally linked to the sampling event by code, facility name and/ or client name and address. a. General Information - the following information shall be recorded for all sampling events: 1.

Names of all personnel and visitors on site during sampling.

2.

Date and time (military time preferred) of sample collection.

3.

Ambient field conditions, to include, but not limited to information such as weather, tides, etc.

4.

Specific description of sample location including site name and address. The specific sampling point must be further identified.

5.

Field ID# (see 5.3.2 above) for each sample container and parameters to be analyzed.

6.

Field measurement data (e.g., pH, specific conductance, etc.)

7.

8.

a.

Records shall indicate when measurements were taken; and

b.

Calibration information to include: time of all calibrations or calibration checks, concentration(s) of standards and calibration acceptance (information may be kept in a separate calibration log)

Sample sequence - identify the order in which each sample is taken (time of sample collection is acceptable).NOTE: If the collection time is used, the time that each sample aliquot is collected (i.e. VOC, metals, nutrients, etc.) MUST BE NOTED. Preservative used - information must include, but is not limited to:

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 6 Pg. 12

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a.

Preservative name;

b.

pH verification (if applicable);

c.

Amount/quantity of preservative that is added (if adding preservatives in the field); and;

d.

Amount/quantity of additional preservative that is added (if using sample containers with premeasured preservatives).

9.

Purging and sampling equipment used (ID# if applicable).

10.

Field decontamination performed. All field-sampling equipment decontamination, whether performed in the field, on site or in a headquarters facility or laboratory, must be documented per 6.2.3 above.

11.

Types of QC samples collected. Include when and where collected. Include when and where collected, preservative (if applicable) and type (e.g. , trip blank, equipment blank, duplicate, etc. QC samples must be documented in the same manner as all other samples.

12.

Use and location of fuel powered units (if applicable).

13.

Composite samples (if collected) shall indicate number of samples in the composite and approximate amount/quantity of each subsample.

14.

Signature of sampler(s).

a. Additional documentation for wastewater effluent shall include: 1. Beginning and ending times (24hrs) for timed composite sampling; 2. Type of composite (e.g. flow proportioned, continuous, etc.); 6.3.5 Sample transport: 1.

All sample transmittal forms shall be placed in waterproof bags and sealed in the transport containers with the samples.

2.

Shipped by common carrier, transport containers should be securely sealed with strapping tape or other means to prevent lids from accidentally opening. COC Seals (if used) shall be applied after containers have been secured.

3. All Shipping bills from common carriers shall be kept with the COC or transmittal forms.

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Record Keeping

Section 6.4 Sampling

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6.4 SAMPLING Package plant effluent sampling may be required by various agencies. Sampling may include BOD, suspended solids, fecal coliform, pH, DO, Nitrate, total residual chlorine and flow. However, sampling is a key tool in proper operation of a plant and the following six tests should be easy to perform on site in order to evaluate performance and allow early correction of possible problem conditions. Samples shall be collected and analyzed in accordance with the “General Conditions”, Section IX, paragraph 18, of the facility’s wastewater permit. The jar test, also called the thirty (30) minute settlement test, is perhaps the most important operational test. The sample for the jar test is taken from a representative area of the aeration basin after the blower has been on a minimum of five (5) minutes. Jar test samples should be taken at the same place and at the same time of day. Do not take the sample near the influent line, a return sludge line or a skimmer return. The sample is taken in a 1 or 2 quart wide mouth mason jar or equivalent. The jar must be marked off in equal increments, usually 10% increments, starting at the bottom. After sampling, place the jar in a shady area where it will not be disturbed and as you accomplish other tasks, observe it frequently. The jar test will show the percentage solids under aeration. In the first ten minutes, a good sludge will settle to at least 70%, particles will floc well and form a uniform blanket that leaves clear liquid above it as it settles. In thirty minutes a good sludge should have settled at least 50% and have a sponge-like appearance. A range of 10% to 70% is generally acceptable. When solids exceed 70% sludge “wasting” (removal from the system) is necessary. If sludge is bulking or your clarifier has at least 3’ of clarity at peak load, wasting with a 70% solids in the jar test may not be necessary. A 20% to 50% sludge volume that compacts well with the overlying area being clear (called supernatant) is considered the optimum. Very rapid sedimentation usually denotes a high amount of inorganic material (mud, clay, sand, etc.) in the sample or old sludge age. A diluted milky white sample designates under loading and/or over-aeration. A “black” odorous mixed liquor (MLSS) is, of course, septic. A “fluffy” brown sample containing a material that fails to settle or does not settle readily, indicates bulking. A small amount of scum on the surface of the jar test liquid is not relevant as the skimmer would remove the scum in the clarifier. The foregoing statement leads us to the conclusion that the jar test simulates the sedimentation occurring in the clarifier, exclusive of sludge removal, hydraulic surges, and poor baffling. Therefore, the supernatant in the jar test could be considered the clarifier effluent. In a properly operated, loaded and designed plant the clarifier should produce better clarity effluent than in a sixty (60) minute settleability test. By using this procedure clarifier problems can be isolated if the jar test results are good but the clarifier effluent is poor. Other evaluations made possible by the simple jar test are uniform mixing and return activated sludge volume. Obviously two properly taken jar tests from different representatives points in an aeration basin should produce similar percent solids results if mixing is adequate. Low RAS percent concentrations in the jar test in relation to the MLSS usually indicate an excessive return sludge rate. RAS percent concentration of 80-90% is usually the optimum if the sludge blanket is at the proper level. Once every several weeks try running the jar test for two hours. Good MLSS should stay down for at least two hours and preferably four hours. If it rises within this time span, you may have problems in your clarifier. A core sampler is an excellent and inexpensive way of determining sludge blanket depth. A Secchi disc can be used to determine depth of clarity in a clarifier. Text book theory recommends maintaining no more than 25% of the clarifier liquid depth as sludge blanket; however, if you can maintain at least 3’ of clarity at peak flow, your effluent should not suffer. Effluent clarity is an excellent indicator of good treatment. Never judge clarity by observing an outfall. All such samples should be caught in a clean, clear, glass jar. The optimum MLSS pH is between 6.8-7.4; however, ranges between 6.5-8.5 may be acceptable. Lime or acetic acid may be fed to raise or lower the pH, respectively. While exact readings are difficult and expensive to obtain, useful approximate dissolved oxygen (DO) results can be obtained through the use of some field test kits. pH testing is best run on aeration sufficiently to sample the overlying liquid. An exact reading from any depth can be obtained with a DO meter directly from the aeration basin. DO results from the aeration basin should never be less than 1 mg/1 at the end of the off cycle and should be 2-3 mg/1 while the blower is running. A chlorine residual of 0.5 mg/1 during high flow periods is generally adequate if effluent quality is good. This sample is taken at the outfall.

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Record Keeping

Section 6.5 Sampling and Monitoring Requirements

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6.5

Sampling and Monitoring Requirements

1.

Sampling, Monitoring Limitations and Requirements shall be performed in accordance to the current permit.

2.

The frequency and sampling collection points shall be performed in accordance to the current permit, Page IX-I, Part IX, General Conditions,, Sampling and monitoring data.

3.

Sampling, and Monitoring methods shall be performed also as described on the Sampling, Section 6.4 and the Plant Operational Guide, Section 3.1.

4.

The enclosed permit form in Section 1.1, in the current permit, Part IX, General Conditions, Titled; Daily Sample Results - Part I, DEP Form # 62-620.910(10) can be used for a reporting document. This form shall be updated daily.

5.

For the purpose of reporting, DEP approved analytical methods shall be followed. The approved methods are listed in Table 2.3 of DEP-QA-001/92.

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Record Keeping

Section 6.6 Location and/or Disposition of all Records and Documents

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6.6 I. 1.

Location and/or Disposition of all Records and Documents General Information - All records of monitoring must be maintained for at least three (3) years. All pertinent records or documents shall be maintained and kept for inspection in accordance to the permit conditions, Part V, Operation and Maintenance Requirements, Recordkeeping Requirements, at; TheHillsborough River State Park - Administrative Offices

2.

These pertinent records or documents shall be keep in good condition as best possible so they can be retrieved and reviewed when deemed necessary by the appropriate authorities.

3.

These pertinent records or documents shall be keep at the district office and other locations can be supplied copies where it is determined by the permittee, owner, plant operator and other appropriate authorities that their accessibility is convenient for inspection.

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S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 7 Pg. 1

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Reporting Chapter 7

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 7 Pg. 2

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Reporting

Section 7.1 Report of Abnormal Events

7 S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 7 Pg. 3

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.1 Reporting of Abnormal Event Procedures: 1. Definition: Abnormal event; an occurrence at a domestic wastewater treatment facility which is not permitted nor permittable under the rules of the Florida Administrative Code. An abnormal event may be caused by mechanical failure, human error, or natural causes, but has the potential to impact public health or the environment adversely. Abnormal events which must be reported under this definition include, but are not limited to, the following. a. Any unanticipated bypass which causes any reclaimed water or effluent to exceed any permit limitation or results in an unpermitted discharge; b.

Any upset which causes any reclaimed water or the effluent to exceed any limitation in the permit;

c. Violation of a maximum daily discharge limitation for any of the pollutants specifically listed in the permit for such notice; and d.

Any unauthorized discharge to surface or ground waters.

e.

Any failures or breaches to containment structures.

II. Upon the occurrence of an abnormal or other unusual event at a State Park domestic wastewater treatment facility, the following procedures will be followed: a. Reporting Requirements: As soon as the occurrence is recognized, the licensed operator or other designated agent of the permittee (park manager or superintendent) shall report the occurrence orally (telephone or voice-mail) or electronically (FAX or e-mail) within 24 hours to the cognizant Regulatory District Office and delegated local program (as applicable). Southwest District SC 512-1042 (813)744-6100 Hillsborough County Environmental Protection Commission Sarasota County Pollution Control Division SC 522-6128 (941)378-6128 Northwest District Central District South District Northeast District Southeast District b. Written Reports: A written report shall also be provided within five days of the time the park personnel become aware of the circumstances. The written submission shall contain: a description of the noncompliance and its cause; the period of noncompliance including exact dates and time, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected, the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. If the oral report has been received within 24 hours, the noncompliance has been corrected, and the noncompliance did not endanger health or the environment, the Regulatory District (and delegated local program, if applicable) will waive the written report. III. Corrective Action - When an abnormal event has occurred and has been discovered by park personnel, the licensed operator of other designated agent of the permittee (park manager or superintendent) must assess the situation and take the following actions to assure that the noncompliant condition is corrected in a timely manner: a. Determine whether use of spare equipment or treatment plant components would expeditiously eliminate the noncompliant condition. If so, implement and notify permittee. b. Determine whether de-watering or pumping of facilities would temporarily eliminate the noncompliant condition until permanent corrective action is implemented. Any pumping or de-watering operations must be accomplished by a Department approved residuals hauler. If hauling of raw sewage or mixed liquor is required, destination must be to another permitted wastewater treatment facility. Residuals must be disposed of in accordance with the appropriate permit condition. Effluent may be landspread on an approved residuals landspreading site, with the regulatory district’s approval. c. If the above measures do not restore the facility to compliant status, make an assessment and determination, in conjunction with appropriate park, park district, and Division of Recreation and Parks staff, in coordination with the cognizant regulatory district and delegated local program (if applicable), if closure of a portion of, or the entire park is required to abate S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 7 Pg. 4

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the problem, restore compliance, and safeguard public health and the environment. d.

If a written report is required under II.b. above, the corrective actions taken must be included in the report.

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Reporting

Section 7.2 Report of Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMR)

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7.2

Discharge Monitoring Reports

1.

Discharge Monitoring Reports shall be documented in accordance to the current permit

2.

The frequency monitoring and sampling shall be performed in accordance to the current permit Pages I-1 through to I-4, Part I, Reclaimed Water and Effluent Limitations and Monitoring Requirements.

3.

The enclosed permit form in Section 1.1, in the current permit, Part IX, General Conditions, Titled; DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DISCHARGE MONITORING REPORT, PART A, DEP Form # 62-620.910(10) can be used for a reporting document. This form shall be updated monthly as required.

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Form [62-620.910(10) - Discharge Monitoring Report] is a precoded form that is provided by the permitting office to the permit holder at the time of permit issuance. If you need a new copy, contact your district permitting office. Below is a list of the districts and the counties that are in each district. NORTHWEST DISTRICT 160 Government Center PENSACOLA, FL. 32501-5794 850-595-8300 Fax 850-595-8417 Contacts: William E. Schaal / Gerri Lowe Bay Gadsen Liberty Calhoun Gulf Jackson Jefferson (partial) Escambia Holmes Franklin Leon Okaloosa

CENTRAL DISTRICT 3319 Magurie Boulevard ORLANDO, Florida 32803-3767 407-894-7555 Fax 407-897-2966 Contacts: Chris Ferraro Brevard Lake Orange Indian River Marion Osceola (partial)

SOUTH DISTRICT 2295 Victoria Avenue Suite 364 FT. MYERS, FL 33901 813-332-6975 Fax 813-332-6969 Contacts: Abdul Ahmadi / Irene Kidd Charlotte Glades Highlands Collier Hendry Lee

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 7 Pg. 8

Santa Rosa Wakula Walton Washington

Seminole Volusia

Monroe

NORTHEAST DISTRICT 7825 Baymeadows Way Suite 200B JACKSONVILLE, FL 32256-7590 904S448S4330 Fax 904-448-4366 Contacts: Jerry Owen / Judy Franson Alachua Dixie Lafayette Baker Duval Levy Jefferson (partial) Bradford Flagler Clay Gilchrist Madison Columbia Hamilton Nassau

Putnam St. Johns Suwannee Taylor Union

SOUTHEAST DISTRICT 400 North Congress Avenue WEST PALM BEACH, FL 33401 561-681-6600 Fax 561-681-6755 Contacts: Al Mueller / Linda Tschappat Broward Martin Palm Beach Dade Okeechobee St. Lucie

SOUTHWEST DISTRICT 3804 Coconut Palm Drive TAMPA, FL 33619-8318 813-744-6100 Fax 813-744-6084 Contacts: Mike Hickey / Diana Booth Citrus Hernan Pasco Desoto Hillsborough Pinellas Hardee Marion Polk (partial)

Manatee Sarasota Sumter

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Residuals Management Chapter 8

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 1

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Residuals Management

Section 8.1 Report of Residuals Management

8.1 8.1 Residuals Handling and Management S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 2

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1.

Residuals Handling and Management for the WWTP shall be performed in accordance to the current permit, Page II-I, Part II, Residuals Management Requirements. Also historical records or reports of the residuals management shall be kept and made obtainable for inspection at the District Office & plant site.

2.

The frequency of the residual disposal shall be determined by the plant operator on the basis of weather conditions and park attendance. This residual disposal shall be performed in accordance to the current permit, Page II-I, Part II, Residuals Management Requirements.

3.

Residuals shall be handled by an DEP permitted hauler and transported to the site or facility shown in the following pages for stabilization and disposal as required by the current permit, Page II-I, Part II, Residuals Management Requirements.

4.

Residuals shall be collected from the digestor compartment of the plant, then hauled by an DEP permitted hauler to the approved disposal site or facility as identified on the following pages.

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EPA Rule 503, Rule 62-640 : Stabilization in Aerobic Digestion and Lime Stabilization The disposal of waste sludge from domestic wastewater plants in Florida is regulated by the FDEP under their rule 62-640, by the Federal Government under EPA rule 503, and often by local regulation which varies. The relationship of the rules to each other is complex, but generally, WWTP owners have two ways to comply with rule 62-640 and rule 503. First, if the Owner elects to use a sludge hauler solely to haul his waste sludge to a land application site, the Owner will usually have to have on file with FDEP an Agricultural Use Plan (AUP). In many cases, the Owner will also need to obtain approval from the USEPA for the same site. In the second case, the Owner can enter into a contract with a sludge hauler who holds a permit from the FDEP to haul, treat and dispose of sludge himself. The hauler will have a type of permit known as a Regional Residuals Treatment Facility or Regional residuals Management Facility permit. The primary difference between the first and second case is that in the first case, the sludge hauler is not permitted by FDEP to treat sludge, and so the Owner will hold the State FDEP AUP and the Federal permit, whereas in the second case, the hauler will usually hold those responsibilties. In March of 1998, FDEP rule 62-640 was updated to conform better with EPA rule 503 requirements. Aerobic Digestion To meet class B stabilization standards using aerobic digestion, rule 62-640 F.A.C. requires that the aerobic digester provide a minimum of 40 days solids retention time in accordance with the standards of a Process to Significantly Reduce Pathogens (PSRP), presently contained in CFR 503. Several methods to meet CFR 503 standards for Vector Attractor Reduction (VAR), defined as 38% VSS reduction, are available. Referring to the USEPA technical manual, Sludge Treatment and Disposal, a design graph is available for predicting VSS destruction in aerobic digesters based on the multiplier of temperature times solids retention time. Generally, 38% VSS destruction is expected at a temperature of 20 degrees C when the digester solids retention time is in excess of 40 days. It is suggested that facilility operators relying on aerobic digesters to meet CFR 503 strandards for VAR, confirm 38% VSS destruction by having the digested sludge periodically given a Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate (SOUR) test. (Standards for this test are contained in CFR 503). Lime Stabilization in Small Aerobic Digesters

To meet class B Standards for sludge stabilization using lime stabilization the pH of the sludge being treated must be raised to pH 12 for 2 hours. To meet Federal Vector Attractor Reduction standards, the sludge must then be held at pH 11.5 for an additional 22 hours. (Note: Rules can change frequently) To accomplish this in a small aerobic digester, the following needs to occur: 1

Sufficient lime must be added. For manual addition of bagged lime, the use of hydrated lime is recommended. (NOT quicklime). Safety gloves, goggles and a respiratory mask are advisable. Lime should be added when the wind is not blowing.

2.

The approximate dosage required is 0.3# of hydrated lime per pound of solids. Example: Size of Digester 3375 gallons Solids Concentration 1% Solids, Pounds =8.34*3375*1*10000/1,000,000 = 281 #

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Dosage Rqd

=0.3 * 281# = 84 # hydrated lime

There is a certain variability in this: the dosage actually required could vary significantly, and experience with the individual plant sludge is needed. 3.

The limed sludge needs to be vigorously mixed. The aeration diffusers should be open and operating during the 24 hour stabilization period.

4.

Written records in the plant logbook of the process should be maintained. The pH should be monitored at least every half hour during the first two hours and at least three times during the next 22 hours. To ensure adequate mixing is occurring, samples from different parts of the tank should be checked.

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Florida Department of Environmental Protection Twin Towers Office Bldg., 2600 Blair Stone Road, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2400

Agricultural Use Plan Part I - Facility Information 1.

Facility Name

Hillsborough River State Park #1

Facility Classification (check one from each column as appropriate) X Domestic Wastewater Treatment Facility

Type I

New

Residuals Management Facility

Type II

Septage Management Facility

X Type III

Facility ID

FLA012610

Contact Person Phone

X Existing

Robert Wilhem

Title

813-987-6870

Fax

2.

Quantity of Residuals Generated Yearly

3.

Residuals Characteristics (annual arithmetic average):

Parameter

Units *

Park Manager

Total Nitrogen

%

Ceiling Limits for Class A and B N/A

Total Phosphorus

%

Total Potassium Total Solids

0.1

dry tons (1 ton = 2000 lb)

Concentration

Parameter (continued)

Units *

Actual

Copper

mg/k

Ceiling Limits for Class A and B 4300

N/A

Lead

mg/k

840

%

N/A

Mercury

mg/k

57

%

N/A

Molybdenum

mg/k

75

pH

std.

N/A

Nickel

mg/k

420

Arsenic

mg/k

75

Selenium

mg/k

100

Cadmium

mg/k

85

Zinc

mg/k

7500

X

Estimated

Concentration

*All units are in a dry weight basis except for total solids and pH. All sampling and analysis shall be conducted pursuant to Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 503.8, and the POTW Sludge Sampling and Analysis Guidance Document. N/A = not applicable

4.

Pathogen Reduction Class Provided:

A

Describe the pathogen reduction method used:

X B

Lime Stabilization: pH 12 for two hours followed by pH 11.5 next 22 hours

EPA Vector Attraction Reduction Option Used: (Rule 62-640.600(2), F.A.C.) 1 2 3 X

6

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 6

7

(Rule 62-640.600(1), F.A.C)

8

4

9

5 10

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Part II - Residuals Site Information 1. Site Name Bingham Residual Site Agricultural Reclamation Site Classification: X Site Address Holland Road and Hwy 301 City Summerfield State FL Zip Site Coordinates: Latitude 27 E 48 "44 N Longitude 82 E ' Section 5 and 6 Township 31S Range 20E County Road Directions to Site exit 47 off of I-75, west on 672, north on301, left on Holland Road Site Owner Paul F. Savich, Trustee Site Manager (if different from owner) Owner/Manager Street Address City Dover Phone 813-659-0003 2. Total Acreage of Site

340

20 " Hillsborough

27W

DeWayne Bingham Po Box 749 State Fax acres;

FL

Total Acreage to be Applied

Zip 34.76

33527

acres (Sum of Application Zones)

Enter individual application zone acreages in the table in Part III, item 2. 3. Site pH

6.7

4. Attach a County Section Aerial Map, or a copy of such map, indicating the boundaries of the site and delineating the boundary of each residuals application zone. The following information should be indicated on the map: C The identification number for each application zone; C Residuals storage facilities, if any on the site; C Water supply wells on the site or within 500 feet of the site; C Surface waters on the site or within 1000 feet of the site; and, C Occupied buildings on the site or within 300 feet of the site. MAPS ON FILE AT FDEP OFFICES The boundary of each application zone shall be shown to conform to the following requirements: C 300 feet from buildings occupied by the general public (may be reduced to 100 feet if residuals are injected into the soil); C 1000 feet (setback area vegetated) from Class I water bodies, Outstanding Florida Waters, or Outstanding National Resource Waters; C 200 feet (setback area vegetated) from any other surface water, including wetlands that are classified as waters of the state, except canals or bodies of water used for irrigation, which are located completely within the site and will not discharge from the site (this distance may be reduced to 100 feet if the requirements of Rule 62-640.700(4)(a)1. or 2., F.A.C., are met); C 300 feet from any private potable water supply well or 500 feet from any public potable water supply well; and, C 200 feet from any visible evidence of subsurface fractures, solution cavities, sink holes, excavation core holes, abandoned wells or other natural or man-made conduits that could allow direct contamination of ground water. C Site slopes shall not exceed 8%. 5.

Describe how site use restrictions will be met in accordance with Rule 62-640.600(3), F.A.C. As required by 62-640 and Title 40 CFR 503

6. Attach Natural Resources Conservation Service maps demonstrating that the seasonal high ground water level is not within 2 feet of the ground surface for each application zone. If the seasonal high ground water level will be within 2 feet of the surface or is undetermined, determine the ground water level in one or more representative locations in each application zone prior to each application of residuals. Indicate these locations on the map. If the seasonal high ground water level will be within 2 feet of the surface or is undetermined, describe what will be done with any residuals that would have been applied to the site (storage, alternate application sites, etc.). Maps on File at FDEP offices. If groundwater should come within 2 feet of surface Residuals will be applied to parts of site of site unaffected, or held in digester with additional decanting as necessary until water level is reduced. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 7

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Using an appropriate 7. map such as a USGS topographic map, determine site slope and attach documentation of the slope determination procedure used to demonstrate that land application zone slopes do not exceed 8 percent. If slopes exceed 2 percent in one or more land application zones, attach a Conservation Plan prepared by or approved by the Natural Resources Conservation Service or a stormwater management plan prepared in accordance with Chapter 62-25, F.A.C., by an engineer registered in Florida. The plan shall demonstrate that suitable soil infiltration rates and stormwater control measures exist at the site to retain runoff generated by the 10-year recurrence interval 1-hour duration storm event. Berms shall be placed for this purpose if necessary. Maximum Site % MAPS ON FILE AT FDEP OFFICES 8.

If residuals will be stored temporarily (30 days or less) at the application site, describe the provisions for

N/A

If residuals will be stored for longer than 30 days (but not more than 2 years), attach documentation demonstrating that: a) the storage facilitiesat the site are adequate for the rates of residuals generation by permitted wastewater facilities sending residuals to the site; b) all of the residuals stored at the site, up to the capacity of the on-site storage facilities, can be land applied without resulting in an exceedence of cumulative loading limits or agronomic rates; and c) a longer storage period is needed because of agricultural operations or climatic factors at the site. 9.

10.

Describe the incorporation method and application technique to

Spreading

If "other solids" as defined in Rule 62-640.200, F.A.C., will be applied to the residuals application site, describe the intended beneficial use and use and method of appplcation.

N/A

11. Is this site located in an area identified by statute or by rule of the Department of Environmental Protection as being subject to restrictions on phosphorus loadings? Yes No If yes, attach: a) documentation of the characterization of soil phosphorus as determined by site-specific soil testing including results of initial soil testing performed before the first application of residuals to the site and a description of how subsequent soil testing will be accomplished after the completion of each crop cycles or growing seasons but before residuals are applied for the next crop cycle or growing season; b) a description of how the phosphorus content of all sources of phosphorus applied to the site will be accounted for in establishing residuals application rates at the site; c) a determination of the agricultural phosphorus needs of crops grown at the site; d) a description of the adequacy of measures that will be used to minimize or prevent water quality impacts that could result from sediment transport from residuals application areas to surface waters; and e) a description of the capacity of the soil to hold phosphorus. Part III - Agricultural Site Information 1Describe how the use of residuals on this site is part of planned agricultural operations. Residuals will be used as a soil amendment, as a fertilizer.

2.Determine the maximum allowable residuals nitrogen application rate using the nitrogen demand of the site vegetation. a.

Mark the following as appropriate: Basis for determination of nitrogen demand: X Nitrogen loading table in Rule 62-640.750(2)(a), F.A.C. Recommendations of Natural Resources Conservation Service or Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences documentation) Other; identify (attach documentation)

(attach

Method used to determine maximum residuals nitrogen application rate: Rule 62-640.750(2)(b)1., F.A.C. - The calculation method in Chapter 7, Environmental Protection Agency, Process Design Manual for Land Application of Sewage Sludge and Domestic Septage. Rule 62-640.750(2)(b)2., F.A.C. - Other methods if approved by the Department. X Enter the maximum residuals nitrogen application rate in the table in part b. Attach a sheet(s) showing the calculations performed for the rateas well as the other information entered in the table. Clearly indicate how the nitrogen assimilation rates are weighted for different S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 8

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crops grown on the same zones at the same time or consecutively. Also indicate how contributions of nitrogen from other applied sources are accounted for in the calculations. b. Application Zone Information Enter each zone in a separate column. Attach additional sheets if necessary. (Each application zone shall be clearly marked on the county section aerial map required in Part II, item 4.)

Application zone ID # Acreage of application zone

Column 1 Bingham

Column 3

Column 4

34.76

Crop(s) grown on application zone

Bahia Grass

B Nitrogen Demand in lbs/acre/year

160

Maximum Residuals Nitrogen Application Rate in lbs/acre/year

Column 2

320

Maximum Residuals Phosphorus Application Rate in lbs/acre/year (if applicable) List the names of any other facilities that land apply residuals in each zone.

Date of initial application*

1992

Cumulative metals loading to date for each zone in lbs/acre* Arsenic Cadmium

0.366

Copper

33.77

Lead

2.4177

Mercury Nickel

1.148

Selenium Zinc

29.917

Estimated remaining site life (years)

20

*Baseline cumulative loading is calculated from all residuals applications to the zone beginning with the date of the first application subject to S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 9

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regulation by either Chapter 62-640, F.A.C., or Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 503, whichever is earlier (Rule 62-640.650(3)(b)3., Part IV - Reclamation Site Information (if applicable) N/A 1.

Describe the circumstances that have caused damage to the land and resulted in the need to perform land reclamation:

2.

Describe the existing condition of the land:

3.

Describe how the use of residuals on this site will be part of planned land reclamation activities.

4.

Describe grading to be performed: (All site grading shall be completed before residuals application begins.)

5.

Describe the method of incorporation into the soil that will be used: (The applied material shall be incorporated into the soil the same day as application, except for Class A residuals.)

6.

Describe the type of vegetation to be established and the schedule for planting: (Seed or turf-forming grass shall be planted as soon as possible, but in no case later than three months after the last application of residuals.)

7.

Describe the anticipated application quantity (dry tons/acre): (The maximum allowable application quantity is 50 dry tons/acre with such application to be accomplished one time within a one-year period on any acre of the site.)

Part V - Certifications Permittee The permittee certifies that he/she is familiar with and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 62-640, F.A.C.; shall allow land application of his/her residuals only on a site for which an Agricultural Use Plan has been approved by the Department; and that the residuals to be land applied shall meet the general criteria in Rule 62-640.700(1), F.A.C. and shall be treated to the standards as identified in this plan. The permittee also certifies that he/she shall maintain a record of the total quantity of residuals land applied at this site and will file with the Department an annual summary of the residuals applied on this site, and that the residuals hauler and application site owner or manager have been made aware of the provisions of this rule. ................................................................................................................. Title Date Signature of Permittee Site Owner The site owner certifies that he/she has been provided a copy of Chapter 62-640, F.A.C., and that the site information provided in this plan is accurate to the best of his/her knowledge. S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 10

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Signature of Site Owner

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 8 Pg. 11

Date

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Certifications Chapter 9

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 9 Pg. 1

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Certifications

Section 9.1 RPZ Checks

9.1 S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 9 Pg. 2

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9.1 Certifications Requirements - RPZ Checks 1. Certification Requirements for RPZ checks shall be performed in accordance to the current permit (. These checks shall be performed by a trained and certified operator / technician. These checks shall be made on-site and comply with the methods approved by DEP. Also historical records or data of these checks shall be kept and made obtainable for inspection at the Park Offices. 2.

The frequency of these checks shall be performed in accordance to the current permit

3.

The attached form, Titled; Inspection Report, Cross - Connection and Backflow - Prevention Assembly, can be used for a reporting document.

9.2 Normal Maintenance Daily: Check RPZ for leaking and repair if needed. Other maintenance: Refer to operations and maintenance form that comes with individual unit and inspect, test, and rebuild per manufacturer’s recommendations.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 9 Pg. 3

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Certifications

Section 9.2 Flow Meters

9.2 Certifications Requirements - Flow Meter Checks S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 9 Pg. 4

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1.

Certification Requirements for Flow Meters checks shall be performed in accordance to the current permit . These checks shall be performed by a trained and certified operator / technician. These checks shall be made on-site and comply with the methods approved by DEP. Also historical records or data of these checks shall be kept and made obtainable for inspection at the District & Park Offices.

2.

The frequency of these checks shall be performed in accordance to the current permit.

3.

The influent pump station, effluent pump station at each Train (#1 & 2), along with the flow equalization system at this plant shall be calibrated by utilizing the pump down method. The frequency of these checks shall be performed in accordance to the current permit.

4.

The Permittee shall provide an approved flow measurement devices on the domestic wastewater treatment plant to monitor the influent (ahead of any return flows) and/ or effluent flow, as appropriate.

5.

The forms provided in Sections 4.1 & 4.2, can be used for a reporting document.

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 9 Pg. 5

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Other Equipment Calibrations Chapter 10

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 10 Pg. 1

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Other Equipment Calibrations

Section 10.1 pH Meters

10.1

pH Meters Calibration

S.O.P. UPDATE 2008 Ch. 10 Pg. 2

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10.1.1 General Concerns A. The pH meter is field calibrated on a daily basis at the first site. Since field meters do bump around from site to site, calibration is likely to change. Calibration checks must be made as follows; 1. Minimum Quality Control Requirements a. The QA Rules no longer require the generation of historical derived QA Targets of precision and accuracy for field measurements. In lieu of taking duplicate measurements and using independent QC check standards, more frequent continuing calibrations shall be performed. b. Once the meter has been calibrated, these checks shall take place at intervals of no more than 4 hours and at the end of the sampling day. For instance: the pH meter will be checked against the pH buffer. c. If a field meter fails a continuing calibration, a complete initial calibration must be performed. In this way, meter response will be addressed without the need for generating historical precision and accuracy statistics. B. Calibration may be checked on a weekly basis in the office or laboratory to ensure the % theoretical slope is not less than 90%, indicating a bad electrode. This should be noted in the calibration records. If % slope cannot be determined on your meter, or the manufacturer’s optimum specifications are different, manufacturers recommendation for maintaining optimum meter performance shall be followed. C. There are several interference’s to keep in mind with pH measurement: 1. sodium at pH> or = 10 can be reduced or eliminated by using a low sodium error electrode; 2. coating of oils, greases, and particulates may impair the electrode’s response. The electrode bulb should be patted dry with lint-free paper or cloth and rinsed with deionized water. If not, acetone may be used to clean very hard to remove films, but must be used sparingly so the electrode surface is not damaged; 3. temperature effects on the electromteric measurement of pH are controlled by using instruments having temperature compensation or by calibrating the meter at the temperature of the samples; 4. poorly buffered solutions with low specific conductance (