General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance Products Design Directorate
17/06/2010
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation José Antonio Jiménez-Redondo, Ph D. & MBA Products Design Director
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
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Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance Products Design Directorate
CONTENTS
17/06/2010
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Introduction High Speed Trains and services Simulation model Simulation results Ecodriving design Energy savings
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
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Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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TARGET
Design and validation of a time&energy simulator, based on real measurements, in order to choose the best driving strategy to minimize the energy consumption in high speed trains •
Projects: ElecRail, EfiTrans and AveDrive
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance Products Design Directorate
LINES
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
INTRODUCTION
A Working Group was organized to develop the projects
Renfe • Leader of the projects • Driving tests organization and authorisations
Comillas University • Simulation models • Ecodriving designs
Traintic (CAF group) • On board data acquisition • Train hardware modifications (HST Class 120)
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General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
HIGH SPEED TRAINS AND SERVICES
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General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
SIMULATION MODEL
Input data for the simulation model: train data, line data and manual driving strategies
Output: trip times and energy consumptions
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Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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SIMULATION MODEL
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Strategies considered: Speed regulation with braking and without braking, and coasting.
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The optimal combination of strategies depends on: track gradients, speed limits, train power and braking tractive effort curves, efficiency and aerodynamic behaviours, etc.
Speed regulation with braking and without braking
Coasting Effort (kN)
Effort (kN)
Efficient driving strategies
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SIMULATION MODEL – PARAMETER FIXING
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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To fix the simulation parameters, some trial tests on track have been made. Several data have been recorded on board and at power stations.
Validation
Data recorded on board / power stations • • • • •
• • • • • •
Time Distances Tractive & Braking efforts Voltage Current
Traction/braking curves Traction/braking efficiency Consumption of auxiliary equipments Length of neutral sections Manual driving patterns Catenary electrical losses
Madrid-Barcelona HSL: Madrid-Calatayud section Effort (kN)
Power (kW)
Grades
Speed (km/h)
Consumption (kWh)
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SIMULATION RESULTS – LEVEL OF ACCURACY
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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Speed profiles, effort and energy consumption Energy consumption
With this model a high level of accuracy has been obtained
Speed Effort
Speed profiles 300
ElecRail
250
200
·
150
RealMarcha speedregistrada Speed simulation Marcha simulada
100
50
0 221,300
EfiTrans 231,300
241,300
251,300
261,300
271,300
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
ECODRIVING DESIGN
Once the simulation model has been fixed, a lot of computer calculations were developed using different time margins in order to choose the final ecodriving
Cmax
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General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
ECODRIVING DESIGN
Once the ecodriving has been selected, a technical timetable is designed with the driving commands
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General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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ENERGY SAVINGS
Several track tests were performed to compare non - guided driving with guided driving (ecodriving). Madrid-Barcelona HSL Measured savings: Calatayud-Zaragoza ecodriving Calatayud-Zaragoza
Commercial time
Consumo (kWh)
1500
Non-guided drivings
1300 1100 900
Designed and measured ecodrivings
700
34-42% of energy savings
500 0:23:00
0:25:00 Tiempo (hh:mm:ss)
Calatayud
0:27:00
ElecRail
Zaragoza
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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ENERGY SAVINGS
Very important energy savings were obtained at Guadalajara - Madrid section (Madrid-Barcelona HSL) Guadalajara-Madrid
Commercial time
1200 Consumo (kWh)
1000
Non-guided drivings
800 600 400
Ecodrivings
200 0 0:21:00 0:25:00
Up to 70% of energy savings 0:29:00 0:33:00
Tiempo (hh:mm:ss)
Madrid
ElecRail
Ecodriving
Guadalajara
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Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
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ENERGY SAVINGS
The average of energy savings is about 21% at Madrid - Zaragoza section. (Madrid-Barcelona HSL)
Madrid-Guadalajara Guadalajara-Calatayud Calatayud-Zaragoza TOTAL
Time Consumption (kWh) Margin Non-guided Ecodriving Difference 0:03:51 1350 1000 350 0:03:59 2300 1900 400 0:05:01 1350 900 450 0:12:51 5000 3800 1200
Zaragoza-Calatayud Calatayud-Guadalajara Guadalajara-Madrid TOTAL
Time Consumption (kWh) Margin Non-guided Ecodriving Difference 0:02:54 2005 1534 471 0:01:34 2950 2875 75 0:12:02 850 350 500 0:16:30 5805 4759 1046
Similar results have been obtained in other HSL: • Madrid – Sevilla • Madrid - Málaga
% 25,9 17,4 33,3 24,0
% 23,5 2,5 58,8 18,0
General Directorate Manufacturing and Maintenance
Spanish high speed trains. Energy efficiency in operation: driving designs based on simulation
Thank you for your attention
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