SOW 6846.0W61 Spirituality Clinical Social Work Practice Instructor: George A. Jacinto, PhD. LCSW, CPC Office: HPA 1, Room 255 Office Hours: By Appointment Email: [email protected]

Spring 2015 Course Home: http://reach.ucf.edu/~sow6846

Course Description: This course is designed to provide the social work practitioner with a background in spirituality as it relates to community based social work practice. The course will include a presentation of faith development theory, study of spirituality in various settings and the development of strategies for use in practice that will heighten sensitivity of practitioners to the spiritual dimension of life. Course Learning Objectives: By the end of the term the students should be able to: 1. Define the diverse landscape of spirituality as it relates to community-based social work practice. APB 52 2. Apply evidence-based practice in clinical assessment and intervention with clients utilizing a reflective practice approach. APB 48, 57 3. Apply bio-psycho-social-spiritual theories in development of comprehensive assessments that incorporate client strengths and vulnerabilities. APB 49, 59 4. Assess practitioner and client differences from a strengths perspective. APB 54, 59 5. Analyze community-based social work practice by application of bio-psycho-social-spiritual assessment tools that are evidence-based and culturally sensitive. APB 66 6. Utilize strengths inventory to outline spiritual issues that can be a focus of intervention. APB 66, 69 7. Describe professional use of self that includes a discussion of professional strengths, limitations and challenges. APB 42, 43 Competency

Practice Behavior

Course Objective

Assignment

2.1.1 Identify as a professional social worker and conduct oneself accordingly APB 42 Demonstrate professional use of self with client(s) APB 43 Understand and identify professional strengths, limitations and challenges

7

Spiritual Journal (SJ)

7

SJ

2.1.3 Apply critical thinking to inform and communicate professional judgments APB 48 Engage in reflective practice.

2

APB 49 Identify and articulate clients’ strengths and vulnerabilities.

3

APB 52 Research and apply knowledge of diverse populations to enhance client wellbeing.

1

Spiritual Journey Paper (SP) Spiritual Journal (SJ) Assessment Paper (AP) Integrative Assignment (IA) Academic Journal (AJ) SJ AP AJ

2.1.4 Engage diversity and difference in practice

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APB 54 Identify and use practitioner/client differences from a strengths perspective.

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SJ AP AJ

APB 57 Use the evidence-based practice process in clinical assessment and intervention with clients.

2

AP

APB 59 Use bio-psycho-socialspiritual theories and systems in formulation of comprehensive assessments.

3

AP AJ

5, 6

AP AJ

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AP AJ

2.1.7 Apply knowledge of human behavior and the social environment

2.1.10(b) Assess individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities. APB 66 Use bio-psycho-socialspiritual assessment tools that are evidence-based and culturally sensitive. APB 69 Critically evaluate, select, and apply best practice theories and evidence-based interventions.

Required Texts: Canda, E.R., & Furman, L.D. (2010). Spiritual diversity in social work practice: The heart of helping (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Kurtz, E. & Ketcham, K. (1994). The spirituality of imperfection: Storytelling and the journey toward wholeness. New York: Bantam Books. Recommended Texts: 1. Harris, M. (1989). Dance of the spirit: The seven steps of women’s spirituality. New York, NY: Bantam. 3. Progoff, I. (1992). At a journal workshop: Writing to access the power of the unconscious and evoke creative ability. Los Angeles, CA: Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc. Assignments and Points:

1. Spiritual Journey Paper Students will describe their spiritual journey from birth to the present time. They will note periods of key insights and encounters with a power greater than themselves. Students will discuss their experience of the stages of faith development and critique Fowler’s theory based on their own experiences. [20 points] Due February 8, 2015. APB 48, 57

2.

Assessment Paper Student will select a client, complete an assessment including spirituality as part of the assessment, and plan an intervention. Student will explore the client's spirituality and how it can be used as a strength in the intervention process. [25 points] Due March 8, 2015. APB 48, 49, 52, 54, 57, 58, 59, 62, 67, 69

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3. Academic & Spiritual Journals Students will write a journal entry each week that includes: a. Discussion of the weekly course objectives, and discussing how they will use the weekly course material in their practice. b. Reflection on spiritual topics from the Kurtz and Ketchum text as these apply to the student’s life and how the students will use these ideas in their practice. [45 points] Due April 5 2015. APB 42, 43, 48, 49 52, 57, 62, 66, 69 4. Integrative Assignment  Students will complete a brief integrative essay as the final project for the semester. [10 points] Due April 19, 2015 ABP 48

Grading: The final grade will consist of the total of the three evaluative strategies listed above and class participation. A  90 to 100 points B  80 to 89points C 70 to 79 points

D  60 to 69 points F  50 to 59 points

POLICIES In addition to the information below, the student should become familiar with the School of Social Work MSW Student Handbook and The Golden Rule Handbook for UCF Students. All policies included in these handbooks apply to this class. Modification of the Syllabus Changes will be discussed with students in class and/or via email. It is the student’s responsibility to ensure that the student’s UCF email address is current in webcourses, my UCF, and eCommunity. Attendance and Participation Student participation in an integral part of the course. As a web course, the primary form of participating will be online activities. Students are expected to logon to the course website several times a week to check for announcements and emails. Students expected to view/read the weekly lecture along with all supplemental material assigned. Further, they are expected to fully participate in any discussions or interactive assignments. Written Assignments There are four written assignments to assess student’s mastery of course material. Effective written communication skills are essential to professional social work practice. Thus, students are expected to present their ideas clearly and properly and to adhere to accepted standards of writing. Grammar, punctuation, and spelling are to be correct in all written materials submitted and will be considered in grading written assignments. All written assignments must be typed in 12-font print, and all margins must be one inch. The cover pate of a paper is not considered to be a page of text. Work not conforming to these standards or demonstrating serious deficiencies in common English usage will be returned ungraded. Papers must be written in adherence to APA Style (6th edition). Students are encouraged to use the University Writing Center (UWC) for assistance in preparing written assignments. The UWC is located in MOD 608 (near the Communication Building) on the Orlando Campus, and in Building 140 on the UCF Daytona Campus. UWC staff may be reached at (407) 823 2197 or (386) 506 4025, in Orlando and Daytona Beach, respectively. The Writing Center can be accessed through http://www.uwc.ucf.edu. Assignments will emphasize the integration of knowledge, skills, and a reflective synthesis of what the student has studied during the semester. All assignments will be evaluated and graded on the following criteria: 1. Appropriate use of APA writing style; 2. Adequate or specified number of references; 3. Organization and clarity of ideas presented; 4. Ability to integrate theory and practice appropriately; 5. Ability to use analytical skills; and 6. Creative ways of responding to the instructions beyond the requirements. SOW 6846 Spirituality in Clinical Social Work Practice

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Late Assignments Due to the large number of students in the class assignments must be turned in no later than the due date. If there are extenuating circumstances students must let the instructor know that an assignment will be turned in late, and provide an approximate date for submission no longer than one week past the due day. No assignments will be accepted by fax or email unless the instructor has given explicit prior approval. Please place your assignments in the appropriate drop box. Late assignments will lose a full letter grade for each week that they are late unless the student gained prior approval from the instructor. No assignment will be accepted after the last day of class. It is the student’s responsibility to make arrangements with the instructor regarding late assignments. Incomplete Grades It is not the intent of this instructor to grant Incompletes. In exceptional circumstances, an incomplete grade may be given per School and University policies. Individual arraignments must be made with the Instructor for the completion of the course requirements, but in no case will the date set extend beyond the end of the following semester. Students who experience chronic medical or personal problems that prevent them from attending class regularly are encouraged to review police relating to securing a leave of absence from their university studies. Academic Integrity/Plagiarism

Social workers must demonstrate highs standards of integrity. Every student is expected to do his or her own work and all of the work produced will be expected to be completed in its entirety by the student who turns it in. Cheating and plagiarism will not be tolerated. Any acts of plagiarism, including not acknowledging sources of information appropriately and in accordance with APA guidelines, may result in failing grade in the course. School and University policies on academic integrity will be strictly enforced. Students found to have cheated or plagiarized will receive no credit for an exam or assignment, receive a failing grade for the course and will be subject to appropriate referral to the Office of Student Conduct for further action (see the UCF Golden Rule for further information). Plagiarism and Cheating of any kind on an exam or assignment will result in an “F” for that assignment; the student may also receive an “F” for the entire course and will be subject to referral to the Office of Student Conduct for further action (See UCF Golden Rule for further information). It is assumed that students will adhere to the academic creed of the University and will maintain the highest standards of academic integrity. In other words, do not cheat by giving answers to others or taking them from anyone else. The Instructor also adheres to the highest standards of academic integrity. Turnitin.com The Instructor does not require students to use Turnitin.com, although he reserves the right to use Turnitin.com if a student’s work looks suspicious. Disability Access Statement The University of Central Florida is committed to providing reasonable accommodations for all persons with disabilities. This syllabus is available in alternate formats upon request. Students with disabilities who need accommodations in this course must contact the Instructor at the beginning of the semester to discuss needed accommodations. Students who need accommodations must be registered with Student Disability Services, Student Resource Center Room 132, phone (407) 823 2371, TTY/TDD only phone (D407) 823 2116, before requesting accommodations from the Instructor. UCF CREED Integrity, scholarship, community, creativity, and excellence are the core values that guide our conduct, performance, and decisions.

I will practice and defend academic and personal honesty. Integrity Scholarship I will cherish and honor learning as a fundamental purpose of my membership in the UCF community. SOW 6846 Spirituality in Clinical Social Work Practice

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Community I will promote an open and supportive campus environment by respecting the rights and contributions of every individual. I will use my talents to enrich the human experience. Creativity Excellence

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COURSE OUTLINE AND SCHEDULE

Note: Scheduled Assignments are due on Mondays at midnight. WEEK 1 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS:

ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 2 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS:

ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 3 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS:

ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 4 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. READINGS:

ASSIGNMENTS:

Spirituality defined Students will: Compare and contrast the terms religion and spirituality Illustrate religious and spiritual problems Discuss personal religious/spiritual belief systems in relationship to personal development Canda & Furman (2010) Chapters 1 & 3 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Introduction On the Web (Grosch): http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Edu/EduGros.htm Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Faith Development Frameworks Students will: Identify stages of Faith Development as presented in the frameworks provided by instructor Compare and contrast Fowler’s and Harris’ faith development frameworks Summarize how they will apply Fowler’s and Harris’ frameworks with client’s Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 8 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 1 Review Faith Development Frameworks Handouts on Canvas (Week 2) Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Spiritual Emergency vs. Psychopathology Students will: Differentiate between spiritual emergency and psychopathology by describing the differences between mystical experience and psychosis Explain the different types of spiritual emergency Evaluate whether a client is experiencing a mystical experience or psychotic episode Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 8 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 2 Lukoff, D., & Turner, R. (1998). From spiritual emergency to spiritual problem: The transpersonal roots of the new DSM-IV category. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 38 (2), 21-50. See Canvas Week 3 Other handouts on Canvas for Week 3 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Rites of Passage, Rituals, and Journaling Students will: Define and describe Rites of Passage Articulate a list of Existing Rites of Passage from both Secular and Religious Traditions Develop a list of Passages Experienced by Clients Create or cite a ritual that punctuates a particular life transition Assess the use of a journal technique that will be used with clients Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 3 Turner, V. (1987) Betwixt and between: The liminal period in rites of passage. In L. C. Mahdi, S. Foster, & M. Little (Eds.), Betwixt and between: Patterns of masculine and feminine initiation (pp. 3-19). LaSalle, IL: Open Court. See Canvas for Week 4 Progoff, I. (1975/1992). At a journal workshop: Writing to access the power of the unconscious. Los Angeles, CA: J. P. Tarcher. See Canvas for Week 4 Handouts for Week 4 can be found on Canvas Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries

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WEEK 5 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 6 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 7 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 8 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 9 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS:

Human Diversity, Spirituality and Social Work Practice Students will: Explain the diversity among various religious traditions Demonstrate how they would approach spiritual diversity in Social Work Practice Describe how they will become informed about a spiritual tradition with which they are not familiar Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 4 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 4 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Religious Perspectives and Social Practice Students will: Compare Buddhism, Confucianism and Hinduism Contrast Judaism and Christianity Describe Islam and Indigenous religions of North America Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 5 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapters 11 & 12 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Non-Sectarian Spiritual Perspectives Students will: Explain existentialism as it relates to clinical social work practice Illustrate how transpersonal theory can be incorporated with clinical social work interventions Compare spiritual perspectives on service Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 6 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 6 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Creating a Spiritually Sensitive Context for Social Work Students will: Describe the helping relationship and process incorporating spiritually sensitive social work practice Explain holistic social work practice Construct an example of a holistic approach to a client problem incorporating the five stages described by Canda and Furman (2010) Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 7 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 7 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Assessment Including Client Spirituality Concerns Students will: Describe evidence-based assessment tools for inclusion of spirituality in clinical social work practice Describe how they will assess a client who presents spiritual issues Demonstrate how they will synthesize faith development frameworks, the strengths perspective, and other theories of personal development in their practice Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 8 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 8 Hodge, D.R. (2004). Spiritual assessment: A review of major qualitative methods and a new framework for assessing spirituality. Social Work, 46, 203-214. Hodge, D. R. (2005). Spiritual lifemaps: A client-centered pictorial instrument for spiritual assessment, planning, and intervention. Social Work, 50(1), 77-87.

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ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 10 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 11 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 12 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 13 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS: WEEK 14 OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. 3. READINGS: ASSIGNMENTS:

WEEK 15 OBJECTIVES:

Hodge, D. R. (2006). A template for spiritual assessment; A review of the JCAHO requirements and guidelines for implementation. Social Work, 51(4), 317-326. See Canvas Week 9 for the three articles by Hodge Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Ethical Guidelines for Practice using Spirituality Students will: Describe ethical guidelines for using spiritually oriented activities with clients Explain transcultural spiritually sensitive practice Construct an example of and ethical practice situation Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 9 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 5 Weekly Academic and Spiritual Journal Entries Spiritually Oriented Transformational Practice Students will: Describe the transformational helping process Create an example of the transformational helping process Illustrate how to use mindfulness and meditation with clients Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 10 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 13 Weekly Journal Entry (Optional) Apply the skills you have mastered to your professional social work practice World Wide View of Spirituality Students will: Articulate five spiritually oriented helping activities Describe spirituality in fields of practice Create a worldwide perspective of spiritually sensitive practice Canda & Furman (2010) Chapter 11 Kurtz & Ketchum (1994) Chapter 16 Weekly Journal Entry (Optional) Forgiveness and Self-Forgiveness and Spiritual Social Work Practice Students will: Define forgiveness and self-forgiveness Compare and contrast forgiveness and self-forgiveness strategies for social work practice Describe strategies they will use to assist client’s with forgiveness and self-forgiveness work Kurtz 7 Ketchum (1994) Chapters 14 & 15 Readings and Handouts for Week 13 can be found on Canvas Weekly Journal Entry (Optional) The Use of the Labyrinth in Social Work Practice Students will: Define the term labyrinth and understand how labyrinths have been used Illustrate how the labyrinth can be used by social workers Describe how they will use the labyrinth as part of their practice Readings and Handouts for Week 14 can be found on Canvas No Further Weekly Journal Entries will be Required Post Your Strategies for Using the Labyrinth in Social Work Practice on Discussion Board Integrative Summary of Learning Assignment Due Students will:

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1. 2. ASSIGNMENTS:

WEEK 16 OBJECTIVES: 1.

Describe how they will integrate into practice key learning/insights regarding the use of spirituality in clinical social work practice from their work this semester Explain how they will include spirituality as part of their client assessments Refer to the Assignment Guidelines and Rubric. All assignments due no later than April 26, 2015. End of Semester Students will: Go forth and practice

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REFERENCES Assagioli, R. (1971). Psychosynthesis: A manual of principles and techniques. New York: The Viking Press. Attali, J. (1999). The labyrinth in culture and society: Pathways to wisdom. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. Artress, L. (1995). Walking a sacred path. New York: Riverhead Books. Bigelow, T. S. (1908). Buddhism and immortality. Boston Houghton Mifflin Company. Black Elk. (1971). The sacred pipe: Black Elk's account of the seven rites of the Oglala Sioux. Joseph Epes Brown (ED). Penguin Books. Bonhoeffer, D. (1965). The cost of discipleship. New York: Macmillan. Bullis, Ronald K. (1996). Spirituality in social work practice. London: Taylor & Francis. Carretto, C. (1972). Letters from the desert . Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books. Cascio, T. (1998). Incorporating spirituality into social work practice: A review of what to do. Families in Society: TheJournal of Contemporary Human Services, 523-531. Conze, E. (1940). Buddhism its essence and development. New York: Philosophical Library. Cornett, V. (1997). The soul of psychotherapy: Recapturing the spiritual dimension in the therapeutic encounter. NewYork: The Free Press. Crosby, M. H. (1977). Thy will be done: Praying the Our Father as a subversive activity. Maryknoll, N Y: Orbis Books. Cutsinger, J. S. (Ed.). (2002). Paths to the heart: Sufism and the Christian east. Bloomington, IN: World Wisdom. Danesh. H. B. (1994). The psychology of spirituality. Victoria, BC: Paradigm Publishing. de Foucauld, C. (1964). Spiritual autobiography of Charles de Foucauld. Jean Francois Six (Ed.). Denville, NJ: Dimension Books. deMello, A. (1978). Sadhana a way to God: Christian exercises in eastern form. New York: Doubleday Image Books. Easwaran, E. (1975). The end of sorrow. Petaluma, CA: Nigiri Press. Eliade, M. (1959). The sacred and the profane. New York: William J. Trask. Evans-Wentz, W. Y. (1974). The Tibetan book of the dead: Or after-death experiences on the Bardo plane, according to Lama Kazi Dawa-Samdup's English rendering. London: Oxford University Press. Foundation for Inner Peace. (1996). A course in miracles. New York: Penguin Books USA, Inc.

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Fox, M. (1979). A spirituality named compassion . Minneapolis. Fox, M. (1983). Original blessing: A primer in Creation Spirituality. Santa Fe, NM: Bear & Company. Fowler, J. & Keen, S. (1978). Faith maps: Conversations on the journey of faith. Minneapolis, MN: Winston Press. Frager, R. (1999). Heart, self, & soul: The Sufi psychology of growth, balance and harmony. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books. Frame, M. S. (2003). Integrating religion and spirituality into counseling: A comprehensive approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole. Frankl, V. (1973a). Man's search for meaning an introduction to Logotherapy. New York: Pocket Books. Gandhi M. K. (1957). An autobiography: The story of my experiments with truth. Boston: Beacon Press. Gimbutas, M. (1982). The goddesses and gods of old Europe: Myths and images. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Grof, S., & Grof, C. (Eds.). (1989). Spiritual emergency: When personal transformation becomes a crisis. Los Angeles, CA: J. P. Tarcher. Hammerschlag, CA (1989). The dancing healers: A doctor's journey of healing with Native Americans. San Francisco:Harper & Row. Head J, & Cranston,S. (Eds.). (1977). Reincarnation: The phoenix fire mystery. New York: Warner Books. Inc. Hill, P. C.,& Hood, R. W. (Eds.). (1999). Measures of religiosity. Birmingham, AL: Religious Education Press. Hodge, D.R. (2004). Spiritual assessment: A review of major qualitative methods and a new framework for assessing spirituality. Social Work, 46, 203-214. Hodge, D. R. (2005). Spiritual lifemaps: A client-centered pictorial instrument for spiritual assessment, planning, and intervention. Social Work, 50(1), 77-87. Hodge, D. R. (2006). A template for spiritual assessment; A review of the JCAHO requirements and guidelines for implementation. Social Work, 51(4), 317-326. Hong, Y. J., & Jacinto, G. A. (2012). Reality therapy and the labyrinth: A strategy for practice. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22, 619-634. Hong, Y. J. & Jacinto, G. A. (2011). Six step process to facilitate forgiveness and self-forgiveness. Clinical Social Work Journal [online].

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Hong, Y. J., & Jacinto, G. A. (2011) Youth running away: A rite of passage? Smith College Studies in Social Work 81(4), 297-313. Hooykaas, E.M. (1974). Zazen. Tucson: Omen Press. Hopkins, J. (ED). (1985). Kindness, clarity, and insight: The fourteenth Dalai Lama His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications. Jacinto, G.A. & Edwards, B. (2011). Therapeutic stages of forgiveness and self-forgiveness. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 21(4), 423-437. Jacinto, G. A. (2010). Caregivers coping and self-forgiveness after the death of a care-receiver. Journal of Social Service Research, 36(3), 206-215. Jacinto, G. A., Turnage, B. F., & Cook, I. (2010). Domestic violence survivors: Spirituality and social support. Journal of Spirituality and Religion in Social Work: Social Thought, 29(2), 109-123. James, W. (1985). The varieties of religious experience: A study in human nature. New York: Warner Books, Inc. Jung, C. (1965). Modern man in search of a soul. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Jung, C. (1965). Memories, dreams, reflections. New York: Vintage Press. Kavagnaugh, K. & Rodriguez, O. (Translators). (1964). The collected works of St. John of the Cross. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc. Kelly, E. (1995). Spirituality and religion in counseling and psychotherapy: Diversity in theory and practice. Alexandria,VA: American Counseling Association. Kelsey, M.T. (1976) The other side of silence: A guide to Christian meditation. New York: Paulist Press. Kern, H. (1985). Through the labyrinth. New York: Prestel. Kubler-Ross, E. (1969). On death and dying. New York: Macmillian. Kurtz, E. & Ketcham, K. (1994). The spirituality of imperfection: Storytelling and the journey toward wholeness. New York: Bantam Books. LaShan, L. (1974). The medium, the mystic, and the physicist: Toward a general theory of the paranormal. New York:Ballantine Books. LaShan, L. (1975). How to meditate. New York: Bantam. Lukoff, D., & Turner, R. (1998). From spiritual emergency to spiritual problem: The transpersonal roots of the new DSM-category. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 38 (2), 21-50.

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Maslow, A. H. (1970). Religions, values, and peak-experiences. New York: Viking Compass Press. Merton, T. (1948). The seven story mountain. New York: Signet Books. Nouwen, H. (1979). The wounded healer: Ministry in contemporary society. New York: Doubleday. Progoff, I. (1992). At a journal workshop: Writing to access the power of the unconscious and evoke creative ability. Los Angeles: Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc. Rumi, M. C. (1995). Divan-I Kebir Meter 1 (N. O. Ergin, Trans.). Walla Walla, WA: Current. (Original work published 1368) Shah, I. (1971). The Sufis. New York: Doubleday. Teilhard de Chardin, P. (1965a). The phenomenon of man. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc. Teresa of Avila. (1961). Interior castle. Garden City: Image Books. Teresa of Avila. (1964). The way of perfection. Garden City: Image Books. Wall, S. & Arden, H. (1990). Wisdom keepers: meetings with Native American spiritual elders. Hillsboro, OR: Beyond Words Publishing, Inc. Wilhelm, R. (Translator). (1979). The I Ching. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Yardley, M. (2008). Social work practice with Pagans, Witches, and Wiccans: Guidelines for practice with children and youths. Social Work, 53(4), 329-336.

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