THIS IS AN EXTRACT FROM THE NATIONAL STANDARD

ISBN 978-0-626-22221-5

SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Globally Harmonized System of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS)

Warning ― Can only be used in conjunction with the Supplement to SANS 10234

Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za © SABS

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SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 Table of changes Change No.

Date

Scope

Amdt 1

2008

Amended to include a reference to the Supplement to SANS 10234; exemption of stock remedies from the requirements; addition of “crustacea” to the definitions of environmental tocixity; removal of the colour orange from the pesticide colour band requirements; amendment of the classification criteria for category 2 skin irritants and category 3 acute dermal toxicity; correction of the text of health hazard statements and the numbering of environmental hazard statements; correction of the concentration limits for salinity of the marine test medium.

Acknowledgement Standards South Africa wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance derived from publications by the United Nations Transport Division, Geneva, Switzerland.

Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 1060B, National committee for dangerous goods standards – Classification and information, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in December 2008. This document supersedes SANS 10234:2007 (edition 1). Owing to the fact that information in respect of names and addresses of competent authorities and certification authorities dealing with dangerous goods is subject to change, details of the competent authorities and certification authorities are given in a general advice sheet provided with this standard. This advice sheet will be updated every six months and it is the responsibility of the competent authority/certification authority to notify Standards South Africa of any changes. The advice sheet will be available, free of charge, from the Standards Sales Department of Standards South Africa. The Supplement to SANS 10234 List of GHS classification and labelling of chemicals consists of an alphabetical list of chemicals classified in accordance with the GHS and a numerical list of the reclassified chemicals in accordance with the CAS (Chemical Abstracts Registry) numbers. Amdt 1 Annexes A, B and J form an integral part of this standard. Annexes C, D, E, F, G, H, and I are for information only. In 5.2.2 mention is made of "accredited laboratories". In South Africa this refers to laboratories that are accredited by SANAS (South African Accreditation System). In 6.5.1 mention is made of “national qualifications authority”. In South Africa this is the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA). In 6.7.2.9.2.1 it is required that colour bands be used on pesticide labels. In South Africa labelling of pesticides is regulated by the Fertilizer, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, 1947 (Act No. 36 of 1947) (as amended).

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THIS IS AN EXTRACT FROM THE NATIONAL STANDARD

SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Foreword (concluded) In 6.7.5.12 mention is made of the registration number required before a pesticide can be placed on the market. In South Africa this is regulated by The Registrar, Act 36/1947 in accordance with the Fertilizer, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, 1947 (Act No. 36 of 1947) (asamended) In 8.1.2 mention is made of national legislation, provisions and requirements for SDSs. In South Africa, SDSs are regulated by the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993). In C.4.9.1.1 reference is made to “occupational exposure limit(s)”. In South Africa, the permissible concentration of hazardous air-borne substances is regulated by the Hazardous Chemical Substances Regulations of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993).

Introduction The use of chemical products to enhance and improve life is a widespread practice worldwide. But alongside the benefits of these products, there is also potential for adverse effects to people or the environment. Given the reality of the extensive global trade in chemicals, it was recognized that a globally harmonized approach to the classification, labelling and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for chemicals is imperative.

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SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword Introduction..................................................................................................................................

1

1

Scope ....................................................................................................................................

7

2

Normative references ............................................................................................................

7

3

Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................

8

3.1 3.2

Definitions .................................................................................................................... 8 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... 17

4

Applicability of the GHS......................................................................................................... 19

5

Classification criteria ............................................................................................................. 19 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6

6

General ........................................................................................................................ Biological availability .................................................................................................... Evidence from humans ................................................................................................ Impurities and additives ............................................................................................... Cut-off values/concentration limits ............................................................................... Synergistic or antagonistic effects ...............................................................................

Labelling ................................................................................................................................ 21 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7

General ........................................................................................................................ Supplemental label information.................................................................................... Updating of label information ....................................................................................... Confidential business information (CBI)....................................................................... Training ........................................................................................................................ Hazard symbols and pictograms.................................................................................. Label elements.............................................................................................................

21 21 21 22 22 22 24

Transport label elements.................................................................................. GHS label elements ......................................................................................... Workplace labelling .......................................................................................... Consumer product labelling ............................................................................. Special provisions for the labelling of certain products ....................................

24 24 27 28 28

6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5 7

19 19 20 20 20 21

Packaging.............................................................................................................................. 31 7.1 7.2

General ........................................................................................................................ 31 Child-resistant closures (CRCs) and tactile warnings.................................................. 32

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SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Contents (continued) Page 8

Safety data sheets (SDS)...................................................................................................... 32 8.1 8.2 8.3

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General...................................................................................................................... 32 SDS format ................................................................................................................ 34 SDS content .............................................................................................................. 34

Physical hazards ................................................................................................................... 37 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14

Explosives ................................................................................................................. Flammable gases ...................................................................................................... Flammable aerosols .................................................................................................. Oxidizing gases ......................................................................................................... Gases under pressure............................................................................................... Flammable liquids ..................................................................................................... Flammable solids ...................................................................................................... Self-reactive substances and mixtures ..................................................................... Pyrophoric substances .............................................................................................. Self-heating substances and mixtures ...................................................................... Substances and mixtures that, on contact with water, emit flammable gases.......... Oxidizing substances and mixtures........................................................................... Organic peroxides ..................................................................................................... Corrosive to metals ...................................................................................................

37 39 40 41 41 42 43 44 47 48 49 51 54 56

10 Health hazards ...................................................................................................................... 57 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10

Acute toxicity ............................................................................................................. Skin corrosion and skin irritation ............................................................................... Serious eye damage and eye irritation...................................................................... Respiratory sensitization and skin sensitization........................................................ Germ cell mutagenicity.............................................................................................. Carcinogenicity .......................................................................................................... Reproductive toxicity ................................................................................................. Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure ........................................................ Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure ................................................... Aspiration hazards.....................................................................................................

57 65 73 82 87 91 95 103 111 119

11 Hazards to the aquatic environment ..................................................................................... 122 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4

General...................................................................................................................... Classification criteria for substances......................................................................... Classification criteria for mixtures.............................................................................. Hazard communication..............................................................................................

122 123 129 136

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 137

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SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Contents (continued) Page Annex A (normative) Allocation of label elements................................................................. A1 Annex B (normative) Hazard communication and classification summary tables................. B1 Annex C (informative) Guidance on the preparation of safety data sheets (SDS).................. C1 Annex D (informative) Consumer product labelling based on the likelihood of injury ............. D1 Annex E (informative) Examples of arrangements of the GHS label elements ...................... E1 Annex F

(informative) An example of classification in the Globally Harmonized System....... F1

Annex G (informative) Guidance on hazards to the aquatic environment............................... G1 G.1

Introduction..................................................................................................................... G1

G.2

The harmonized classification scheme .......................................................................... G4 G.2.1 G.2.2 G.2.3 G.2.4 G.2.5

G.3

Introduction .................................................................................................... G8 Description of tests......................................................................................... G8 Aquatic toxicity concepts................................................................................ G10 Weight of evidence......................................................................................... G12 Substances difficult to test ............................................................................. G12 Interpretation of data quality........................................................................... G18

Degradation .................................................................................................................... G19 G.4.1 G.4.2 G.4.3 G.4.4

G.5

G4 G4 G6 G7 G7

Aquatic toxicity................................................................................................................ G8 G.3.1 G.3.2 G.3.3 G.3.4 G.3.5 G.3.6

G.4

Classification categories and criteria ............................................................. Rationale ........................................................................................................ Application...................................................................................................... Data availability .............................................................................................. Data quality ....................................................................................................

Introduction .................................................................................................... G19 Interpretation of degradability data ................................................................ G19 General interpretation problems .................................................................... G24 Decision scheme............................................................................................ G26

Bioaccumulation ............................................................................................................. G27 G.5.1 G.5.2 G.5.3 G.5.4 G.5.5

Introduction .................................................................................................... G27 Interpretation of bioconcentration data .......................................................... G28 Chemical classes that need special attention with respect to BCF and Kow values.................................................................................... G32 Conflicting data and lack of data.................................................................... G33 Decision scheme............................................................................................ G34

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SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Contents (concluded) Page G.6

Classification of metals and metal compounds .............................................................. G35 G.6.1 G.6.2 G.6.3 G.6.4 G.6.5 G.6.6

Introduction .................................................................................................... G35 Application of aquatic toxicity data and solubility data for classification ........ G37 Assessment of environmental transformation................................................ G38 Bioaccumulation............................................................................................. G39 Application of classification criteria to metals and metal compounds............ G39 Particle size and surface area........................................................................ G43

Annex H (informative) Testing for transformation/dissolution of metal and metal compounds in aqueous media................................................... H1 Annex I

(informative) Relevant South African regulations and statutory provisions..............

Annex J

(normative) Internationally accepted test methods for health and environmental hazards ........................................................................ J1

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THIS IS AN EXTRACT FROM THE NATIONAL STANDARD

SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1

Globally Harmonized System of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS)

1 Scope This standard covers the harmonized criteria for the classification of hazardous substances and mixtures, including waste, for their safe transport, use at the workplace or in the home according to their health, environmental and physical hazards, for example acute toxicity and flammability. It gives the harmonized communication elements for labelling and safety data sheets. The classification and labelling of pharmaceuticals (including stock remedies), food additives, cosmetics, and pesticide residues in food are not covered by this standard in terms of labelling at the point of intentional intake. However, they are covered by the standard where workers might be exposed to them and in transport if the potential exposure warrants. Amdt 1

2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. All normative documents are subject to revision and, since any reference to a normative document is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that document, parties to agreements based on this document are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division.

2.1 Standards ASTM D445, Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids (and calculations of the dynamic viscosity). ASTM D4359-90, Standard test method for determining whether a material is a liquid or a solid. ISO 2137, Petroleum products – Lubricating grease and petrolatum – Determination of cone penetration. ISO 3219, Plastics, polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions – Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate. ISO 6503, Paints and varnishes – Determination of total lead – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging – Requirements and testing procedures for reclosable packages.

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