Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___ Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide Directions: For each Unit’s Power Standard...
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Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide Directions: For each Unit’s Power Standard Objectives (TEKS), define the key terms, complete the skills (if asked), and answer the practice items #1-60. This completed Study Guide will be turned in before you take your exam on ___________, December ____.

TEKS 6.17C: Analyze how and why culture traits spread.

Power Standard Objectives

KEY TERMS Culture traits – each kind of food, clothing, language, or religion shared by a culture Exploration – when people move to another place to see what it is like there Conquest – when people move to another place and take it and its people over Trade – exchanging of goods between people Technology – any tool that helps get a job done Globalization – the development of a worldwide culture through the spreading of ideas and

information amongst countries

PRACTICE ITEMS 1. The impact of European Colonialism on the continent of Africa overall was: A. It improved the lives of all Africans. B. It created a division among ethnic groups. C. It brought wealth and prosperity to Africans. D. It created new job opportunities for Africans. 2. Complete the chart.

TEKS: 6.15C Analyze the similarities and differences among selected world societies. KEY TERMS • culture region – an area that includes different countries that share culture traits • Judaism – a monotheistic religion founded in southwest Asia, followers read the Torah • Christianity - a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ • Islam - a monotheistic religion whose followers believe that Allah is god and • • •

Muhammed is his prophet, or religious messenger Hinduism – religion founded in India, followers believe in a cycle of rebirth Buddhism – religion founded in India by Siddharta Gautama, followers try to reach nirvana, or spiritual release Describe the similarities and differences among the major world religions.

PRACTICE ITEMS 3. Which of the following is a common characteristic of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? a. The belief in more than one god b. The belief in reincarnation c. The belief in the Father, Son and Holy Spirit d. The belief in the God of Abraham

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 4. Complete the chart How are cultures similar? Obtaining Food Government Passing on information Beliefs/Traditions Nuclear Family Things/objects

How do cultures differ? How and what Food Clothing Religion Governments Size of family Language tools

TEKS 6.16: Explain how certain institutions are basic to all societies, but characteristics of these institutions may vary from one society to another. KEY TERMS • Government - rules and laws for a country that give it a structure • limited - everyone, even the leaders, are expected to follow laws  unlimited - leaders do not always follow the laws • Economic systems – how a nations economy is set up  traditional – people do the jobs that they always have done in their families  command – government control of price, supply, and production  market (free enterprise) – consumers and producers set prices based on •

demand and supply

Religion – a system of spiritual beliefs and practices of a group of people

PRACTICE ITEMS 5. Which of the following countries does NOT have a democratic government? A. Canada B. India C. Saudi Arabia D. Mexico 6. Identify four economic systems. Traditional Market/Free Enterprise Command Mixed

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.19A: Explain the relationship among religious ideas, beliefs, & cultures. PRACTICE 7. Complete the chart: Religion

Believers are called

Holiest City

Ways of Worship

Religious Leaders

Christianity

Christians

Bethlehem, Jerusalem

Church, prayer, sermon, read Bible

Priest, minister, pastor

Islam

Muslims

Jerusalem, Mecca, Medina

Prayer, pilgrimage, reading from Quran

Imam

Judaism

Jews

Jerusalem

Prayer, reading from Torah

Rabbi

Hinduism

Hindus

Ganges River

prayer, meditation

Guru, brahman

Buddhism

Buddhists

Bodh Gaya

Prayer, meditation

Monks

8. Complete the Venn diagram to compare two religions – Buddhism and Hinduism.

Areas of comparison/key terms can include: polytheism, monotheism, religious leaders, holy books, ritual practices, area of origin, etc. TEKS 6.21A: Differentiate, locate, and use primary and secondary sources such as computer software, interviews, biographies, oral, print, and visual materials, and artifacts to acquire information about selected world cultures. KEY TERMS • Primary sources - an item made at or near the time of a historical event by someone

who observed the event firsthand.

• Secondary sources - an item that provides a secondhand interpretation of an event after some time has passed. • Biographies – a story written about someone’s life • Artifacts – items that help geographers understand how people lived long ago

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide A. Definition: an item made at or near the

A. Definition: an item that provides a

1. Usually a written record 2. Can also include visual evidence and physical objects.

1. 2.

B. Examples: newspaper, articles, census records, letters, photographs, diaries, maps, and sound recordings

B. Examples: history books, reference books, maps, and tables based on other sources

time of a historical event by someone who observed the event firsthand.

secondhand interpretation of an event after some time has passed. Often based on primary sources Can use other secondary sources

PRACTICE 9. Label each of the following as a primary (P) or secondary (S) source: __P_Diary

_P__Letter

_S__Biography

__S_Textbook

_P__Political cartoon

__S_Website database

10.

Which of the following would be the best resource to determine the current population of the United States? A. Biography of President Obama B. Dictionary C. Map of the United States D. Official website of the U.S. government

TEKS 6.21B: Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions. PRACTICE 11. Sequence - Which group of dates is arranged in correct chronological order? a. 345 B.C. 10 B.C. 245 A.D. 1245 A.D. b. 231 B.C. 123 A. D. 46 B.C. 1990 A.D. c. 23 B.C. 465 B.C. 267 B.C. 389 B.C. d. 410 A.D. 239 A.D. 145 A.D. 23 A.D. 12. Identify – What are the four factors of production? Labor resource, human resource, natural resource, entreprenuer 13. Summarize – How do the four levels of industry affect the production of a good? All are needed for production to occur

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 14. Generalization - What is a generalization that can be made based on the demographic data of Latin America? A. Most Latin American countries are Roman Catholic. B. Most Latin American countries speak Spanish. C. Most Latin American countries were colonized by European countries. D. All of the above. 15. Compare and Contrast – Compare and Contrast any 2 of the 5 religions we studied.

TEKS: 6.3 - Use maps, globes, graphs, charts, models, and databases to answer geographic questions. SKILLS • How do we use latitude and longitude to locate places? – how far east or west of the



Prime Meridian, or how far north or south of the Equator some place is How are relative location and absolute location different? – RL is close to where some place is, and AL – is an exact measurement of when someplace is What is population density? – the average number of people living in a region What is a map projection? – an image of something 3-D like a globe shown on a 2-D surface, like a map What information is provided by a legend/key? – what the symbols and colors on a map mean What are the different ways the earth can be divided? – into 4 halves – Northern and Southern hemispheres, and Eastern and Western hemispheres How do you measure distance on a map? - map scale



What is the difference between a map and a globe? – a map is flat and can distort the

• • • • •





shape of the land, while a globe is round and more accurate What are landforms? physical features like mountains, plains, and valleys

What type of information would you gather from a chart, graph, or data base to learn about a nation’s economic status? life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP

KEY TERMS  Political and Physical maps – political has human features like boundaries and cities,  

while a physical shows natural features like oceans, rivers, and vegetation thematic maps – maps that show a theme, such as population density or climate absolute and relative location - RL - close to where some place is, and AL – is an exact measurement of when someplace is

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide          

continents – large land masses, there are 7 on earth landforms - physical features like mountains, plains, and valleys geographic factors – climate, vegetation, land use, landforms hemisphere – half of the Earth projection – image of the round Earth printed on a flat surface, it distorts the shape scale – tools used to measure distance compass rose – shows N, S, E, W legend/key – see ―Skills‖ above equator – divides Earth in half N and S prime meridian – divides Earth in half E

and W

 PRACTICE 16. The eastern part of the Roman Empire was located on which continent? a. b. c. d.

Europe Africa Asia Spain

17. The information in the box is an example of Desert Tundra Tropical Grassland Mediterranean A. B. C. D.

natural regions absolute location interdependence landforms

18. Central America is located in which hemisphere? A. Southern and Eastern B. Southern and Western C. Northern and Western D. Northern and Eastern TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes. KEY TERMS • Historical societies – maps showing information from long ago • Contemporary societies – maps showing information from today • continent – physical feature, a large land mass with countries • country – political feature, a region with a common set of laws and history • North America (Native Americans, Colonies, United States and Canada)

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide PRACTICE 19. What is the relative location of Europe from North America? east 20. What present day country includes the following coordinates: 20° N, 80° E? p. 41 India 21. Which area on the map shows where Britain set up colonies? a. Area 1 b. Area 2 c. Area 3 d. Area 4 TEKS 6.4B: Identify and explain the geographic factors responsible for patterns of population in places and regions. KEY TERMS     

Transportation corridors – allow movement Transportation barriers – prevent movement Climate – pattern of weather for a region over a long period of time geographic factors – climate, vegetation, land use, landforms Five themes of geography – pg 35 o o o o o



Place – What is it Iike there? Location – Where is it? Region – How does one area compare to another? Movement – How do people, goods, and ideas go from place to place? human environmental interaction – how people change their place and how it can

change them

North America’s Landforms – land use, climate, vegetation  Rocky Mountains  Appalachian Mountains  

Great Plains Canadian Shield

PRACTICE 22. Which pair of geographic factors might discourage the settlement of societies past and present? A. Deserts, mountains B. Plains, hills C. Mountains, rivers D. Plains, deserts

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 23. The coastlines along the countries of Peru and Uruguay have a high population density. What natural feature may contribute to this fact? A. deserts B. oceans C. mountains D. plateaus 24. Which country has the most metropolitan areas? A. Chile B. Argentina C. Uruguay D. Brazil

TEKS 6.5: Explain how geographic factors influence the economic development, political relationships, and policies of societies. KEY TERMS  Imports – goods going ____, or being purchased  Exports – goods going ______, or being sold away  Natural resources: renewable/nonrenewable – materials that come from the ground,

such as oil (non-renewable), or tree (renewable) PRACTICE Economy

Trade agreement Physical barriers Transportation corridors

Resources

North America is a continent with many 25 __resources___. However, it also contains mountains, deserts, and vast rivers that once formed 26 _Physical barriers_. As more and more people populated the continent, technology developed to improve movement of people and goods. One example of this is the interstate highway system in the U.S. These roads form a network of 27 _ transportation corridors __ that have grown to include Canada and Mexico, too. The growing 28 __economy_ of the region has increased the number of goods flowing through the continent as well as to other continents. One result of this growth is NAFTA, a 29 _ Trade agreement _ that promotes cooperation.

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.7:

Analyze the impact of interactions between people and the physical

environment on the development of places and regions. KEY TERMS  

Irrigation – humans control the flow of water to artificially water crops agriculture - farming

PRACTICE 30. The ancient Aztec and Incan civilizations faced geographic challenges for farming, such as swamps and mountains. How were these people able to overcome these challenges? A. Floating gardens and terrace farming B. Irrigation canals and slash-and-burn farming C. Hunting and gathering D. Raising livestock and irrigation 31.

List three developments in technology that have helped people better adapt to their environment.

TEKS 6.11A: Describe characteristics of limited and unlimited governments. KEY TERMS  Government – rules and laws for a country that give it a structure  Limited governments – everyone, even the leaders, are expected to follow laws  unlimited governments – leaders do not always follow the laws  democracy – rule of many people, limited  monarchy – rule of one such as a king or queen o absolute - unlimited    

o constitutional - limited dictatorship – rule of one who takes over using the military, unlimited communism – govt and state own all property, unlimited republic – citizens elect representatives to rule, limited oligarchy – rule of a few, usually wealthy, unlimited



theocracy – rule by religious law or a religious figure, unlimited

PRACTICE 32. Which of the following is an example of unlimited government? A. Constitutional monarchy B. Republic C. Democracy D. Dictatorship

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 33.

List three examples of each type of government listed below.

Limited 1.democracy 2.Constitutional monarchy 3.republic

Unlimited 1.tyranny 2.dictatorship 3.monarchy

34. Describe the key characteristics that differentiate a limited government from an unlimited government: Limited=constitution, rulers have to abide by same laws, individual rights Unlimited=ruler has unlimited power to do what they want, little to no individual rights

TEKS 6.12A: Identify alternative ways of organizing governments such as rule by one, few, or many. KEY TERMS (identify examples of forms of government)  • • • •

Rule by one—monarchy Rule by few—oligarchy Rule by many—democracy Direct democracy— originated in ancient Greece______________ Republican democracy—originated in ancient __Rome_______, adopted in 1700s by

___United States_______

PRACTICE Use the chart below to answer the question that follows. Political System

Characteristics

 

Ruled by the people Individual rights protected

Tyranny

 

Ruled by an individual (often a tyrant) Individual rights do not exist

Monarchy

 

Ruled by on (right to rule usually inherited) Individual rights do not exist

Oligarchy

 

Ruled by few (often family) Individual rights do not exist

Democracy

35. Which of the following statements is true? A. All political systems protect the rights of individual citizens. B. A monarchy offers the least protection to individual citizens. C. Citizens have the right to elect their dictator. D. A democracy offers the greatest freedom and protection to citizens.

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 36. Complete the sentence: 

A republic is a nation in which the power belongs to the _people__, who govern through __elected____ representatives.

37. Which of the following is an example of a democratic republic? a. The laws for a nation are made by a dictator. b. The laws for a nation are made by elected representatives. c. The laws for a nation are made by the king or queen. d. The laws for a nation are made by the wealthy. TEKS 6.13A: Describe roles and responsibilities of citizens in selected contemporary societies including the United States. KEY TERMS      

Rights – privileges citizens automatically are entitled to Responsibilities – duties citizens should perform to make society better Citizen – a legal member of a community or nation Citizenship – the act of being a legal member of a community or nation Patriotism – showing love for one’s country political process – the legal activities that a person does to help the town, state, nation

  

U.S. Constitution – 1787, written document that outlines the US plan for govt and laws Bill of Rights – added in 1791, protects citizens rights from being taken away by govt Identify the rights of being a U.S. citizen. see Ch 4.1, 4.2 Freedom of religion, speech, press; right to bear arms; right to a speedy trial; right to not testify against oneself; right to trial by jury



Identify the responsibilities of a U.S. citizen. see p. 91 Pay taxes, cast an informed vote, serve on a jury when asked, serve in military if called upon to do so, community serve, obey laws

PRACTICE 38. Citizens of the United States are required to pay taxes. This is an example of a: A. Responsibility B. Right C. Service D. Tradition 39. An adult citizen of the U.S. has the right to participate in the following activities except A. military service B. printing money C. voting in election D. running for office

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 40. Name 3 of the 6 responsibilities of being a U.S. citizen. Describe the importance of each action.

TEKS 6.8 B: Identify and differentiate among traditional, market, and command economies in selected contemporary societies, including the benefits of the U.S. free enterprise system. KEY TERMS  traditional – people do the jobs that they always have done in their families  command – government control of price, supply, and production  market (free enterprise) – consumers & producers set prices based on demand &

supply



economic indicators – what economists use to measure whether a country has a

developed economy, undeveloped, or developing o GDP – gross domestic product, or how much a nation sells during a year o literacy rates – number of people who can read o mortality rates – number of people who die in a year o life expectancy – how long people are expected to live PRACTICE 41. Identify the economic system based on its characteristics:

__Traditional____ Determined by social and cultural customs Allocation of resources, goods, and services may be determined by local leaders.

___Command_______ Government control of resources, production, and pricing

___Market/Free Enterprise___ Supply and demand determines price and production. There is very little government intervention. Entrepreneurship is encouraged.

42. What is the main difference between a command and market economy? A. Supply and demand B. Competition between businesses C. Government control of production D. Availability of natural resources

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 43. What are the benefits of a free-enterprise/market system?

Low price because of competition High quality because of competition Possible increased profit for entrepreneur TEKS 6.9 A: Describe ways in which factors of production (natural resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurs) influence the economies of selected contemporary societies. KEY TERMS  Factors of production – the 4 ingredients that go into the production of a good; a

change in supply or price of one can affect the others and the total price of the good 

natural resources – the raw materials used in a product

     

labor resources – the work people do to make a product capital resources – the tools and technology used to put the product together entrepreneur – the idea person who puts it all together supply – the amount of a product for sale demand – how much people want the product competition – when producers go against each other to sell a product faster, or when

consumers go against each other to see who can buy a product cheaper  scarcity – not enough of  abundance – a lot of  trade – exchange of goods between people or nations PRACTICE 44. Which of the following is MOST likely to cause the price of a taco to increase? A. The wages of the workers at the restaurant go down. B. A new taco stand opens across the street. C. The cost of beef, lettuce, and tomatoes goes up. D. Other restaurants lower their price of tacos.

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 45. What are the four factors of production? Draw an example for each.

Human resources

Natural resources

Entrepreneur

Capital resources

TEKS 6.10A: Define and give examples of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary industries. KEY TERMS 

Primary – taking of raw materials from the ground

     

Secondary – making those raw materials into a product at a factory Tertiary – selling those products in a store or business Quaternary – passing on information to the other industries about a product Interdependence – relying on one another Distribution – the spreading around of something Industry – making something

PRACTICE 46. What are the four types of industries? • What are examples of the different types of industries? Industry

Example

Primary/agricultural

Farming, mining, logging, fishing, oil rigging

Secondary/manufacturing Refining gasoline, making paper, clothes, etc. Tertiary/Retail, Wholesale, Service Quaternary/research

Stores, gas station, lawn services, hairdresser, mechanics Universities, marketing, media outlets

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide 47. Write the type of industry (P,S,T,Q) for each example listed below. a. Target T b. Wells Fargo Bank T c. Imperial Sugar Factory S d. Coal Mine P e. Shell Gas Station T f. Research Survey Q g. Crash Test Dummy Facility Q h. College Q i. Farmer P j. Dow Chemical Company S,T,Q

TEKS: 6.3 Use maps, globes, graphs, charts, models, and databases to answer geographic questions. PRACTICE 48. In what hemispheres are the US and Canada found? A. Southern and Eastern B. Southern and Western C. Northern and Western D. Northern and Eastern 49. Label the US and CANADA on the world map:

Canada US

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes. PRACTICE 50. Make a Key and Shade the regions in North America where the British, French, and Spanish set up colonies. British = eastern French = Central Spanish = southwestern

TEKS 6.4B: Identify and explain the geographic factors responsible for patterns of population in places and regions. PRACTICE 51. On the 2 maps below, shade where most of the people in those countries live. (Near ocean/water) 52. Give 2 geographic factors for each explaining why people live there. Climate, water resources

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.11A: Describe characteristics of limited and unlimited governments. PRACTICE 53. The United States relies on a code of laws for government. Our code is called the Constitution. This type of rule is called __________. A. B. C. D.

limited government anarchy unlimited government oligarchy

54. What is the difference between limited and unlimited government? a. In an unlimited government citizens are a part of the political process. In a limited government citizens are not part of the political process b. In a limited government laws must be followed by leaders and in a unlimited government leaders do not have to follow the laws. c. Various forms of limited and unlimited government are different among world societies and it is the decision of that country on the form of government they will use. TEKS 6.12A: Identify alternative ways of organizing governments such as rule by one, few, or many. PRACTICE 55. Gatesland is a make-believe country with a population of 100,000 people. Laws are made and issues decided by a group of 100 of the wealthiest people in Gatesland. This type of government is an example of __________. A. democracy B. monarchy C. oligarchy D. dictatorship 56. Smithland is a make-believe country with a population of about 100,000 people and about 100 communities. Each year every community holds an election in which they elect one person to represent them in the Smithland government. This is an example of __________. A. representation and oligarchy B. dictatorship C. monarchy D. representative democracy

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.13A: Describe roles and responsibilities of citizens in selected contemporary societies including the United States. PRACTICE 57. and 58.

Pay Taxes

Obey laws

Serve on jury

Serve on military

Community service

Cast informed vote

Participate in the political process

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.16: Explain how certain institutions are basic to all societies, but characteristics of these institutions may vary from one society to another. PRACTICE 59. Complete the diagram that sets up the organization and structure of the United States government.

US GOVERNMENT TREE

Judicial Interpret laws courts

Executive Enforce laws President, VP, cabinet

Checks and balances Separation of powers

Separation of powers

Legislative Make laws Congress

House of Rep.

Senate

Name:______________________ Date of Exam:___________ Per:___

Social Studies Fall Semester Exam Study Guide TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes. PRACTICE 60a. The US declared its independence in _1776________. 60b. Label the 2 letter abbreviations of the 13 colonies/first 13 states on the map. New Hampshire

Mass.

Pennsylvania

RI

NY NJ Virginia

Delaware

Maryland

N.Carolina

Georgia

S.Carolina

Conn