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Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina...
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Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

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RIFERIMENTI BIBLIOGRAFICI 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

21. 22.

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SINU 2014 – Gruppo di lavoro “Diete vegetariane”

Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

SINU

23. Craig WJ and Mangels AR. 2009. "Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets." J.Am.Diet.Assoc. 109:1266-1282. 24. Dagnelie PC and van Staveren WA. 1994. "Macrobiotic nutrition and child health: results of a population-based," mixed-longitudinal cohort study in The Netherlands." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 59:1187S-1196S. 25. Dagnelie PC, van Staveren WA, and Hautvast JG. 1991. "Stunting and nutrient deficiencies in children on alternative diets." Acta Paediatr.Scand.Suppl. 374:111-118. 26. Davis RE. 1985. "Clinical chemistry of vitamin B12." Adv.Clin.Chem. 24:163-216. 27. De Rosa A, Rossi F, Lieto M, Bruno R et al. 2012. "Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a vegan." Clin.Neurol.Neurosurg. 114:1000-1002. 28. Dhonukshe-Rutten RA, van Dusseldorp M, Schneede J, de Groot LC, and van Staveren WA. 2005. "Low bone mineral density and bone mineral content are associated with low cobalamin status in adolescents." Eur.J.Nutr. 44:341-347. 29. Donaldson MS. 2000. "Metabolic vitamin B12 status on a mostly raw vegan diet with follow-up using." Ann.Nutr.Metab. 44:229-234. 30. Dror DK and Allen LH. 2008. "Effect of vitamin B12 deficiency on neurodevelopment in infants: current knowledge and possible mechanisms." Nutr.Rev. 66:250-255. 31. Durand C, Mary S, Brazo P, and Dollfus S. 2003. "[Psychiatric manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report]." Encephale. 29:560-565. 32. Elmadfa I and Singer I. 2009. "Vitamin B-12 and homocysteine status among vegetarians: a global perspective." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 89:1693S-1698S. 33. Fogarasi A, Neuwirth M, Bekesi A, and Bocskai E. 2001. "[Macrocytic anemia and neurological signs due to vitamin B-12 deficiency in a breast-fed infant of a strict vegetarian mother]." Orv.Hetil. 142:2581-2585. 34. Gammon CS, von Hurst PR, Coad J, Kruger R, and Stonehouse W. 2012. "Vegetarianism, vitamin B12 status, and insulin resistance in a group of" predominantly overweight/obese South Asian women." Nutrition ". 28:20-24. 35. Geisel J, Schorr H, Bodis M, Isber S et al. 2005. "The vegetarian lifestyle and DNA methylation." Clin.Chem.Lab Med. 43:1164-1169. 36. Gibson RS, Abebe Y, Stabler S, Allen RH et al. 2008. "Zinc, gravida, infection, and iron, but not vitamin B-12 or folate status," predict hemoglobin during pregnancy in Southern Ethiopia." J.Nutr. 138:581-586. 37. Gilsing AM, Crowe FL, Lloyd-Wright Z, Sanders TA et al. 2010. "Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in British male omnivores," vegetarians and vegans: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIC-Oxford cohort study." Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 64:933-939. 38. Glass GB. 1970. "Immunopathological approaches to the diseases of the gastrointestinal tract." Proc.Rudolf.Virchow.Med.Soc.City N.Y. 28:109-124. 39. Goldberg LS, Bickel YB, and Fudenberg HH. 1969. "Immunologic approaches to malabsorption of vitamin B12." Arch.Intern.Med. 123:397-400. 40. Graham SM, Arvela OM, and Wise GA. 1992. "Long-term neurologic consequences of nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in infants." J.Pediatr. 121:710-714. 41. Grattan-Smith PJ, Wilcken B, Procopis PG, and Wise GA. 1997. "The neurological syndrome of infantile cobalamin deficiency: developmental regression and involuntary movements." Mov Disord. 12:39-46. 42. Guez S, Chiarelli G, Menni F, Salera S et al. 2012. "Severe vitamin B12 deficiency in an exclusively breastfed 5month-old Italian infant born to a mother receiving multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy." BMC.Pediatr. 12:85. 43. Gursoy AE, Kolukisa M, Babacan-Yildiz G, and Celebi A. 2013. "Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord due to Different Etiologies and Improvement of MRI Findings." Case.Rep.Neurol.Med. 2013:159649. 44. Haddad EH, Berk LS, Kettering JD, Hubbard RW, and Peters WR. 1999. "Dietary intake and biochemical, hematologic, and immune status of vegans compared with nonvegetarians." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 70:586S-593S. 45. Harman SK and Parnell WR. 1998. "The nutritional health of New Zealand vegetarian and non-vegetarian Seventhday." N.Z.Med.J. 111:91-94. SINU 2014 – Gruppo di lavoro “Diete vegetariane”

Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

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46. Herrmann W and Geisel J. 2002. "Vegetarian lifestyle and monitoring of vitamin B-12 status." Clin.Chim.Acta. 326:47-59. 47. Herrmann W and Obeid R. 2012. "Cobalamin deficiency." Subcell.Biochem. 56:301-322. 48. Herrmann W, Obeid R, Schorr H, and Geisel J. 2003a. "Functional vitamin B12 deficiency and determination of holotranscobalamin in populations at risk." Clin.Chem.Lab Med. 41:1478-1488. 49. Herrmann W, Obeid R, Schorr H, and Geisel J. 2005. "The usefulness of holotranscobalamin in predicting vitamin B12 status in different clinical settings." Curr.Drug Metab. 6:47-53. 50. Herrmann W, Obeid R, Schorr H, Hubner U et al. 2009. "Enhanced bone metabolism in vegetarians--the role of vitamin B12 deficiency." Clin.Chem.Lab Med. 47:1381-1387. 51. Herrmann W, Schorr H, Obeid R, and Geisel J. 2003b. "Vitamin B-12 status, particularly holotranscobalamin II and methylmalonic acid"." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 78:131-136. 52. Herrmann W, Schorr H, Purschwitz K, Rassoul F, and Richter V. 2001. "Total homocysteine, vitamin B(12), and total antioxidant status in vegetarians."." Clin.Chem. 47:1094-1101. 53. Hokin BD and Butler T. 1999. "Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B-12) status in Seventh-day Adventist ministers in Australia." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 70:576S-578S. 54. Honzik T, Adamovicova M, Smolka V, Magner M et al. 2010. "Clinical presentation and metabolic consequences in 40 breastfed infants with nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency--what have we learned?" Eur.J.Paediatr.Neurol. 14:488495. 55. Huang YC, Chang SJ, Chiu YT, Chang HH, and Cheng CH. 2003. "The status of plasma homocysteine and related B-vitamins in healthy young vegetarians and nonvegetarians." Eur.J.Nutr. 42:84-90. 56. Hung CJ, Huang PC, Lu SC, Li YH et al. 2002. "Plasma homocysteine levels in Taiwanese vegetarians are higher than those of omnivores." J.Nutr. 132:152-158. 57. Kanra G, Cetin M, Unal S, Haliloglu G et al. 2005. "Answer to hypotonia: a simple hemogram." J.Child Neurol. 20:930-931. 58. Karabudak E, Kiziltan G, and Cigerim N. 2008. "A comparison of some of the cardiovascular risk factors in vegetarian and omnivorous Turkish females." J.Hum.Nutr.Diet. 21:13-22. 59. Koebnick C, Garcia AL, Dagnelie PC, Strassner C et al. 2005. "Long-term consumption of a raw food diet is associated with favorable serum LDL cholesterol and triglycerides but also with elevated plasma homocysteine and low serum HDL cholesterol in humans." J.Nutr. 135:2372-2378. 60. Koebnick C, Hoffmann I, Dagnelie PC, Heins UA et al. 2004. "Long-term ovo-lacto vegetarian diet impairs vitamin B-12 status in pregnant women." J.Nutr. 134:3319-3326. 61. Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Blazicek P, Babinska K, Kopcova J et al. 2000a. "Traditional and alternative nutrition-levels of homocysteine and lipid parameters in adults." Scand.J.Clin.Lab Invest. 60:657-664. 62. Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Blazicek P, Kopcova J, Bederova A, and Babinska K. 2000b. "Homocysteine levels in vegetarians versus omnivores." Ann.Nutr.Metab. 44:135-138. 63. Krivosikova Z, Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Spustova V, Stefikova K et al. 2010. "The association between high plasma homocysteine levels and lower bone mineral density in Slovak women: the impact of vegetarian diet." Eur.J.Nutr. 49:147-153. 64. Kuhne T, Bubl R, and Baumgartner R. 1991. "Maternal vegan diet causing a serious infantile neurological disorder due to vitamin B12 deficiency." Eur.J.Pediatr. 150:205-208. 65. Kuo SC, Yeh CB, Yeh YW, and Tzeng NS. 2009. "Schizophrenia-like psychotic episode precipitated by cobalamin deficiency." Gen.Hosp.Psychiatry. 31:586-588. 66. Kwok T, Cheng G, Lai WK, Poon P et al. 2004. "Use of fasting urinary methylmalonic acid to screen for metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency in older persons." Nutrition ". 20:764-768. 67. Kwok T, Cheng G, Woo J, Lai WK, and Pang CP. 2002. "Independent effect of vitamin B12 deficiency on hematological status in older Chinese vegetarian women." Am.J.Hematol. 70:186-190. 68. Lachner C, Steinle NI, and Regenold WT. 2012. "The neuropsychiatry of vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly patients." J.Neuropsychiatry Clin.Neurosci. 24:5-15. SINU 2014 – Gruppo di lavoro “Diete vegetariane”

Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

SINU

69. Leblanc JC, Yoon H, Kombadjian A, and Verger P. 2000. "Nutritional intakes of vegetarian populations in France." Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 54:443-449. 70. Leitzmann C. 2005. "Vegetarian diets: what are the advantages?" Forum Nutr.147-156. 71. Leung SS, Lee RH, Sung RY, Luo HY et al. 2001. "Growth and nutrition of Chinese vegetarian children in Hong Kong." J.Paediatr.Child Health. 37:247-253. 72. Li K and McKay G. 2000. "Images in clinical medicine. Ischemic retinopathy caused by severe megaloblastic anemia." N.Engl.J.Med. 342:860. 73. Lightowler HJ and Davies GJ. 2000. "Micronutrient intakes in a group of UK vegans and the contribution of selfselected dietary supplements." J.R.Soc.Promot.Health. 120:117-124. 74. Lovblad K, Ramelli G, Remonda L, Nirkko AC et al. 1997. "Retardation of myelination due to dietary vitamin B12 deficiency: cranial MRI findings." Pediatr.Radiol. 27:155-158. 75. Madry E, Lisowska A, Grebowiec P, and Walkowiak J. 2012. "The impact of vegan diet on B-12 status in healthy omnivores: five-year prospective study." Acta Sci.Pol.Technol.Aliment. 11:209-212. 76. Mahajan R and Gupta K. 2010. "Revisiting Metformin: Annual Vitamin B12 Supplementation may become Mandatory with Long-Term Metformin Use." J.Young.Pharm. 2:428-429. 77. Majchrzak D, Singer I, Manner M, Rust P et al. 2006. "B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians and vegans." Ann.Nutr.Metab. 50:485-491. 78. Mann NJ, Li D, Sinclair AJ, Dudman NP et al. 1999. "The effect of diet on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy male subjects." Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 53:895-899. 79. Margo G, Baroni Y, Green R, and Metz J. 1977. "Anemia in urban underprivileged children. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 nutrition." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 30:947-954. 80. Markle HV. 1996. "Cobalamin." Crit Rev.Clin.Lab Sci. 33:247-356. 81. Mathey C, Di Marco JN, Poujol A, Cournelle MA et al. 2007. "[Failure to thrive and psychomotor regression revealing vitamin B12 deficiency in 3 infants]." Arch.Pediatr. 14:467-471. 82. Michaud JL, Lemieux B, Ogier H, and Lambert MA. 1992. "Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency: two cases detected by routine newborn urinary screening." Eur.J.Pediatr. 151:218-220. 83. Milea D, Cassoux N, and LeHoang P. 2000. "Blindness in a strict vegan." N.Engl.J.Med. 342:897-898. 84. Misra UK and Kalita J. 2007. "Comparison of clinical and electrodiagnostic features in B12 deficiency neurological syndromes with and without antiparietal cell antibodies." Postgrad.Med.J. 83:124-127. 85. Monfort-Gouraud M, Bongiorno A, Le Gall MA, and Badoual J. 1993. "[Severe megaloblastic anemia in child breast fed by a vegetarian mother]." Ann.Pediatr.(Paris). 40:28-31. 86. Narayanan MN, Dawson DW, and Lewis MJ. 1991. "Dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 is associated with low serum cobalamin levels in non-vegetarians." Eur.J.Haematol. 47:115-118. 87. Nightingale LM and Paviour DC. 2009. "Nutritional optic and peripheral neuropathy: a case report." Cases.J. 2:7762. 88. O'Gorman P, Holmes D, Ramanan AV, Bose-Haider B et al. 2002. "Dietary vitamin B12 deficiency in an adolescent white boy." J.Clin.Pathol. 55:475-476. 89. Obeid R, Geisel J, Schorr H, Hubner U, and Herrmann W. 2002. "The impact of vegetarianism on some haematological parameters." Eur.J.Haematol. 69:275-279. 90. Obersby D, Chappell DC, Dunnett A, and Tsiami AA. 2013. "Plasma total homocysteine status of vegetarians compared with omnivores: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Br.J.Nutr. 109:785-794. 91. Pawlak R, Parrott SJ, Raj S, Cullum-Dugan D, and Lucus D. 2013. "How prevalent is vitamin B(12) deficiency among vegetarians?" Nutr.Rev. 71:110-117. 92. Pongstaporn W and Bunyaratavej A. 1999. "Hematological parameters, ferritin and vitamin B12 in vegetarians." J.Med.Assoc.Thai. 82:304-311. 93. Rauma AL, Torronen R, Hanninen O, and Mykkanen H. 1995. "Vitamin B-12 status of long-term adherents of a strict uncooked vegan diet ("living food diet") is compromised." J.Nutr. 125:2511-2515.

SINU 2014 – Gruppo di lavoro “Diete vegetariane”

Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

SINU

94. Reddy S and Sanders TA. 1990. "Haematological studies on pre-menopausal Indian and Caucasian vegetarians compared with Caucasian omnivores." Br.J.Nutr. 64:331-338. 95. Refsum H, Yajnik CS, Gadkari M, Schneede J et al. 2001. "Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated methylmalonic acid indicate a high prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in Asian Indians." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 74:233-241. 96. Renault F, Verstichel P, Ploussard JP, and Costil J. 1999. "Neuropathy in two cobalamin-deficient breast-fed infants of vegetarian mothers." Muscle Nerve. 22:252-254. 97. Roed C, Skovby F, and Lund AM. 2009. "[Severe vitamin B12 deficiency in infants breastfed by vegans]." Ugeskr.Laeger. 171:3099-3101. 98. Rosener M and Dichgans J. 1996. "Severe combined degeneration of the spinal cord after nitrous oxide anaesthesia in a vegetarian." J.Neurol.Neurosurg.Psychiatry. 60:354. 99. Rush EC, Chhichhia P, Hinckson E, and Nabiryo C. 2009. "Dietary patterns and vitamin B(12) status of migrant Indian preadolescent girls." Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 63:585-587. 100. Schneede J, Dagnelie PC, van Staveren WA, Vollset SE et al. 1994. "Methylmalonic acid and homocysteine in plasma as indicators of functional cobalamin deficiency in infants on macrobiotic diets." Pediatr.Res. 36:194-201. 101. Shuval-Sudai O and Granot E. 2003. "An association between Helicobacter pylori infection and serum vitamin B12 levels in healthy adults." J.Clin.Gastroenterol. 36:130-133. 102. Shyambabu C, Sinha S, Taly AB, Vijayan J, and Kovoor JM. 2008. "Serum vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocystinemia: a reversible cause of acute chorea, cerebellar ataxia in an adult with cerebral ischemia." J.Neurol.Sci. 273:152-154. 103. Stabler SP and Allen RH. 2004. "Vitamin B12 deficiency as a worldwide problem." Annu.Rev.Nutr. 24:299-326. 104. Su TC, Jeng JS, Wang JD, Torng PL et al. 2006. "Homocysteine, circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule and carotid atherosclerosis in postmenopausal vegetarian women and omnivores." Atherosclerosis. 184:356-362. 105. Sutterlin MW, Bussen SS, Rieger L, Dietl J, and Steck T. 2003. "Serum folate and Vitamin B12 levels in women using modern oral contraceptives (OC) containing 20 microg ethinyl estradiol." Eur.J.Obstet.Gynecol.Reprod.Biol. 107:57-61. 106. Suzuki H. 1995. "Serum vitamin B12 levels in young vegans who eat brown rice." J.Nutr.Sci.Vitaminol.(Tokyo). 41:587-594. 107. Tungtrongchitr R, Pongpaew P, Prayurahong B, Changbumrung S et al. 1993. "Vitamin B12, folic acid and haematological status of 132 Thai vegetarians." Int.J.Vitam.Nutr.Res. 63:201-207. 108. van Dusseldorp M, Schneede J, Refsum H, Ueland PM et al. 1999. "Risk of persistent cobalamin deficiency in adolescents fed a macrobiotic diet in early life." Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 69:664-671. 109. van Hulst RA and van der KW. 2010. "Decompression sickness in a vegetarian diver: are vegetarian divers at risk? A case report." Undersea Hyperb.Med. 37:181-184. 110. von Schenck U, Bender-Gotze C, and Koletzko B. 1997. "Persistence of neurological damage induced by dietary vitamin B-12 deficiency in infancy." Arch.Dis.Child. 77:137-139. 111. Wagnon J, Cagnard B, Bridoux-Henno L, Tourtelier Y et al. 2005. "[Breastfeeding and vegan diet]." J.Gynecol.Obstet.Biol.Reprod.(Paris). 34:610-612. 112. Waldmann A, Koschizke JW, Leitzmann C, and Hahn A. 2004. "Homocysteine and cobalamin status in German vegans." Public Health Nutr. 7:467-472. 113. Watanabe F. 2007. "Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability." Exp.Biol.Med.(Maywood.). 232:1266-1274. 114. Watanabe F, Takenaka S, Katsura H, Masumder SA et al. 1999. "Dried green and purple lavers (Nori) contain substantial amounts of biologically active vitamin B(12) but less of dietary iodine relative to other edible seaweeds." J.Agric.Food Chem. 47:2341-2343. 115. Weiss R, Fogelman Y, and Bennett M. 2004. "Severe vitamin B12 deficiency in an infant associated with a maternal deficiency and a strict vegetarian diet." J.Pediatr.Hematol.Oncol. 26:270-271. 116. Wiley V, Carpenter K, and Wilcken B. 1999. "Newborn screening with tandem mass spectrometry: 12 months' experience in NSW Australia." Acta Paediatr.Suppl. 88:48-51.

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Diete vegetariane: valutazione del fabbisogno nutrizionale nelle varie fasi della vita

Revisione sistematica della letteratura scientifica – Vitamina B12

SINU

117. Woo J, Kwok T, Ho SC, Sham A, and Lau E. 1998. "Nutritional status of elderly Chinese vegetarians." Age Ageing. 27:455-461. 118. Yajnik CS, Deshpande SS, Lubree HG, Naik SS et al. 2006. "Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in rural and urban Indians." J.Assoc.Physicians India. 54:775-782. 119. Yamada K, Yamada Y, Fukuda M, and Yamada S. 1999. "Bioavailability of dried asakusanori (porphyra tenera) as a source of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)." Int.J.Vitam.Nutr.Res. 69:412-418. 120. Yen CE, Yen CH, Cheng CH, and Huang YC. 2010. "Vitamin B-12 status is not associated with plasma homocysteine in parents and their preschool children: lacto-ovo, lacto, and ovo vegetarians and omnivores." J.Am.Coll.Nutr. 29:7-13.

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