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Datataker

Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C A

D A T A

E L E C T R O N I C S

Contents Part 1: Introduction _______________________________________1 1-1 General ________________________________1 1-2 Operation ______________________________2 Part 2: Using the Signal Isolator ___________________________3 Step 1 Mount the Signal Isolator and Connect the Sensors ____________________3 Step 2 Connect the Signal Isolator to a Datataker _____________________________3 Step 3 Program the Datataker __________________4 Part 3: Additional Information ____________________________6 3-1 Installation Guidelines __________________6 3-2 Datataker Resources Required ___________6 3-3 Command File Guidelines: Controlling the Isolator _____________________________7 3-4 Command File Guidelines: Using Channel Variables ______________________7 3-5 Multiple Signal Isolators _________________8 3-6 Range of Sample Command File 1_SI_C.CMD ___________________________8 Part 4: Specifications ______________________________________8

U S E R ’ S

M A N U A L

Two Models

The Voltage Signal Isolator SI-V is used to isolate voltage signals, and the Current Signal Isolator SI-C is used to isolate current and current loop signals. This User’s Manual

This manual describes how to connect one or more isolators to your Datataker, and how to create and use Datataker programs to control the isolators. Sample Programs

A 3.5" disk containing four sample Datataker programs is supplied with each signal isolator. The programs demonstrate control and use of the isolators, and can be used as the basis of your own applications — you can use the programs as they are, copy parts of them into your own program, or modify them to suit your application. The four programs are NAME

1_SI_V.CMD 1_SI_C.CMD 2_SI_V.CMD 2_SI_C.CMD

FUNCTION

Controls one SI-V Controls one SI-C Controls two SI-Vs Controls two SI-Cs

Prerequisites

This manual assumes that you have a basic knowledge of the Datataker data logger, and that you are familiar with using DeTerminal for DOS or DeTerminal for Windows to program and supervise your logger. If you are not yet familiar with using your Datataker then we suggest that you work through the Getting Started with Datataker manual before attempting to use the signal isolator, because some advanced programming knowledge and use of commands is required.

Part 1:

Checklist

Introduction

Your signal isolator kit contains the following: SI-V or SI-C Signal isolator with voltage inputs (SI-V) or current inputs (SI-C) 500mm 5-core cable To connect channel control terminals and power supply between isolator and Datataker 500mm 2-core cable To connect isolator frequency output to the Datataker 70mm wire links To interconnect multiple isolators to a Datataker 3.5" floppy disk Sample Datataker programs

1-1 General The Datataker signal isolators provide up to 500 volts of electrical isolation between analog signals and the analog input channels of any of the Datataker data loggers. Electrical isolation may be required for reasons of operator and/or equipment safety, or to overcome errors due to offset or common mode voltages on signals which exceed the ±3.5 volt common mode range of the Datataker. The isolators operate by converting the input voltage or current to a frequency signal, which is then output to the Datataker data logger via an opto-coupler (provides the isolation). The user programs the Datataker to read this frequency and, optionally, convert it to useful data in terms of the original signal. Each isolator has four input channels, which multiplex to a single analog channel of the Datataker.

Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

1

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1-2 Operation The signal isolator has five main functional blocks (see Figure 1): Block 1: Signal Conditioning and Attenuation

The SI-V has ±2.5V and ±15V input ranges, while the SI-C has a 0-25mA input range. The signal input to each channel is conditioned by a network of resistors which convert the input signal to a voltage in the range ±2.5VDC. These conditioned signals are then selectively switched to the voltage-to-frequency converter section by the multiplexer. Block 2: Input Multiplexer Relays

• The Channel Enable line is controlled by the Excite * terminal ( ) of the Datataker analog input channel to * which the isolator output is connected. When this is set to a high state during the measurement cycle it enables the relay selected by D1 and D2 to be switched. The Channel Select lines and Channel Enable line are all managed by the program running in the data logger. Block 5: Isolated DC/DC Power Supply

The DC/DC power supply provides an inductively isolated power supply to the signal side of the voltage-to-frequency converter section of the signal isolator.

The multiplexer consists of four two-pole relays, which switch the signals connected to the four input channels of the isolator to the voltage-to-frequency converter section. Channel selection is controlled by the Datataker program. The output from the voltage-to-frequency converter is transferred to a Datataker analog input channel for measurement. The multiplexer relays are configured so that when all relays are de-selected, the input to the converter section is shortcircuited. This feature can be used to perform “zero offset” measurements, which the Datataker can then apply to compensate for offset errors or drift caused by effects such as temperature variations at the isolator. Block 3: Voltage-to-Frequency Converter/Isolator

This stage converts the selected input signal to a frequency equivalent, which is then optically coupled to the output of the isolator. This produces an isolated frequency output that varies between 5 and 15 kHz in proportion to the input signal and has an amplitude of 0-5VDC. Block 4: Multiplexer Control and Channel Select

The Datataker directly controls the multiplexer relays, and hence controls the sequence in which the input signals to the isolator are measured by the logger. The Datataker selects a multiplexer relay by controlling the bit pattern on the three Channel Control lines of the isolator as follows: • The two Channel Select lines D1 and D2 are controlled by the digital output channels D1 and D2 of the Datataker, and determine which relay is to be switched.

Figure 1:

Signal Isolator Functional Blocks BLOCK 2

BLOCK 3

Zero channel

5V

0

Frequency Output 5 to 15kHz Isolation Barrier

Input Multiplexer Relays

Signal Conditioning & Attenuation

Voltage-to-Frequency Converter/Isolator Isolation Barrier

BLOCK 1

BLOCK 5

5 to 15VDC Power Supply

Isolated DC/DC Power Supply Channel Enable

Multiplexer Control & Channel Select FOUR INPUT CHANNELS

Channel Select

BLOCK 4

SI-V: Voltage input –2.5V to +2.5V –15V to +15V SI-C: Current input 4mA to 20mA

2

Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

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Figure 2:

Part 2:

Sensor Connections

Using the Signal Isolator

0-15V DC +

There are three steps to follow when using the signal isolator. • Firstly, you physically mount the isolator and the Datataker, and connect the sensors. • Then, you make the connections between the isolator and the Datataker. • Finally, you program the Datataker to control the isolator and return the data according to your requirements. These three steps are described below. Note This procedure assumes that Datataker analog channel 1 is used — if you use a different channel, be sure to alter the instructions below and the Datataker programs accordingly.

SI-V 0-2.5V DC +

b) Mount the signal isolator. Select a suitable location (protected from moisture, dust and excessive heat or cold) in reasonable proximity to the sensor(s) and the Datataker, taking into account the important factors described in “Installation Guidelines”. DIN rail clips are incorporated in the isolator’s case: symmetric 35 x 7.5/15 mm top hat section DIN rail conforming to EN50054 (DIN46277-1), BS6273. c)

Connect the sensor(s) to the signal isolator input channels. Figure 2 shows generalised voltage and current sensor connections. Tip Each of the four input channels has a screw terminal block that can be unplugged from the body of the isolator to facilitate connection of the sensor wires.

➲

V

0–2.5VDC Sensor Connection

–

15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

STEP 1

a) Read section 3-1 of this manual, “Installation Guidelines”. It contains vital information concerning hazardous voltages, safe wiring layouts and alternate power sources.

0–15VDC Sensor Connection

–

15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

➲

Mount the Signal Isolator and Connect the Sensors

V

SI-V

24VDC Power Supply +

–

Other Instruments in Current Loop

4–20mA Sensor Connection (DC Supply)

In Out In Out In Out In Out + + + + Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

SI-C

Mains Powered Instrument with 4–20mA Output +

4–20mA Sensor Connection (Mains Supply)

–

Other Instruments in Current Loop

In Out In Out In Out In Out + + + + Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

SI-C

STEP 2

Connect the Signal Isolator to a Datataker Be sure to carry out the instructions below in the order in which they’re presented so that you make the final power supply connection last. Tip When making the connections, you may find it easier to unplug the screw terminal blocks from the isolator body, insert and screw down the wires, then plug the blocks back in (the blocks are keyed so that they can only be plugged back in their correct positions). To connect the signal isolator to a Datataker: a) Connect the 2-core and 5-core cables to the signal isolator. Be sure to follow the wire colours shown in Figure 3. Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

Connect the white and brown wires to the isolator’s Frequency Output terminals. Connect the shorter ends of the 5-core cable to the isolator’s Supply terminals (red and blue wires) and Channel Control terminals (yellow, white and green wires). b) Connect the 2-core and 5-core cables to the Datataker. Follow the wire colours shown in Figure 3. Connect the white and brown wires to the correct terminals on Datataker analog channel 1 (frequency input to Datataker). Connect the longer ends of the yellow, white and green 3

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wires (Channel Control) to the correct terminals on the Datataker. Make the final power supply connection. Connect the red and blue wires to the correct Bat terminal on the Datataker (see Figure 3). On the Datataker 50, make sure that you connect the red wire to the (Lead +) terminal.

Isolator-to-Datataker Connections Signal Inputs

–ve

d) Make the comms connections. Connect the Datataker to the serial port of your computer using the standard Datataker communications cable.

15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 Channel 1

e) Test. Run the DeTerminal for DOS or DeTerminal for Windows program and confirm that you can communicate with the Datataker by sending the RESET command. You are now ready to load a Datataker program to control the signal isolator.

0 to +2.5VDC –ve

0 to +15VDC

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Voltage Signal Isolator SI-V

Supply 5-15VDC Channel Enable

White Brown

+ Frequency

Channel Select

- Output

-

+

*

c)

Figure 3:

D2 D1

➲

STEP 3

Program the Datataker

Blue

-

Digital Channels

+

Analog Channel

D4 D3 D2 D1

Red

*

White

– +

Yellow

White

R

Green

Brown

Having connected your signal isolator to the Datataker, you now program the Datataker to read the desired isolator input channels and return the desired output data. You program the Datataker by sending a “command file” to it — hence the .CMD (command) extension in the sample filenames. To help you create your own command files, be sure to read sections 3-4 and 3-5 later in this manual. Also, the four sample command files provided with your isolator contain extensive comments that will help you in developing your own programs. To view them, simply open them in Determinal or any word processor. One of the files, 1_SI_V.CMD, is shown here in Figure 4. It scans all four channels of a single Voltage Signal Isolator every five seconds.

Battery

Datataker DT50/500/600 Series

To program the Datataker: a) Create the command file (if not using one of the sample files provided). You can use Determinal’s send window or any word processor. When naming the file, be sure to use .CMD as the extension (for example, PROG99.CMD). b) Start DeTerminal and, in the send window, open the command file. c)

Send the file to the Datataker. Use the Send All command. After a short pause, the signal isolator “clicks” as the scan schedule operates the multiplexer relays.

The signal isolator is now under control of the Datataker, and DeTerminal’s receive window displays data from the scanned isolator channels.

4

Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

Blue Red Green White Yellow

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Figure 4:

Sample Command File 1_SI_V.CMD 'File Name: 1_SI_V.CMD 'Program Description 'Sample program using one Signal Isolator to measure 4 DC Voltage inputs. 'Output from the Signal Isolator is connected differentially to Datataker Chan l RESET 'Reset Datataker Logger \W5 'Wait 5 seconds 'Channel Variable Assignments 'NOTE-99CV is reserved in this program for use with Modem Manager if required 'Temporary CV used globally in channel scan assigned to 100CV 'Zero offset value (all relays out) assigned to 90CV 'Channel 1 (zero corrected value) assigned to 1CV 'Channel 2 (zero corrected value) assigned to 2CV 'Channel 3 (zero corrected value) assigned to 3CV 'Channel 4 (zero corrected value) assigned to 4CV 'Span Declarations S1=-2.5,2.5,5000,15000 S2=-15,15,5000,15000

'sets span to measure -2.5 to 2.5V 'sets span to measure -15 to 15V

'Note: Replace S1 with S2 in scan schedules where 15 volt input range is used. 'Note : -2.5VDC input equals 5000 kHz output ' +2.5VDC input equals 15000 kHz output 'Span declaration for SI-V Signal Isolator is : Sn=a,b,5000,15000 'where n=Span declaration number from 1 to 20 ' a=Minimum voltage at -2.5 Volts input or -15 ' b=Maximum voltage at +2.5 Volts input or +15 BEGIN RA5S

'measure channels every 5 seconds

1DSO=0 'measure zero offset value with all relays deselected 2DSO=0 'relays are not enabled due to absence of V option 1F(=90CV,2V,S1,W) 1DSO=0 'measure channel 1 input (relay 1 selected) 2DSO=0 1F(=100CV,V,2V,S1,W) 1CV("Channel 1 ",FF3)=(100CV-90CV) 1DSO=1 'measure channel input (relay 2 selected) 2DSO=0 1F(=100CV,V,2V,S1,W) 2CV("Channel 2 ",FF3)=(100CV-90CV) 1DSO=0 'measure channel 3 input (relay 3 selected) 2DSO=1 1F(=100CV,V,2V,S1,W) 3CV("Channel 3 ",FF3)=(100CV-90CV) 1DSO=1 'measure channel 4 input (relay 4 selected) 2DSO=1 1F(=100CV,V,2V,S1,W) 4CV("Channel 4 ",FF3)=(100CV-90CV) END Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

5

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Part 3:

Additional Information 3-1 Installation Guidelines This section explains some important issues that you should consider when planning a Datataker installation using the signal isolators. Hazardous Voltages — Location of the Signal Isolators

Some applications may give rise to situations where there are high and potentially dangerous voltages developed across the inputs of the signal isolators. • One example of this is a system for monitoring individual battery cells in a 380V battery bank where, although the voltage being measured is only 12 volts, there is a voltage difference of 380VDC across the terminals of the 8 modules. • Another example is where a signal isolator is used to isolate the signal from some equipment which is grounded or referenced at a significantly different potential to that of the logger, which may be dangerous to equipment and technicians working on the system. Check on local statutory requirements and electrical wiring regulations for your situation. Some authorities will not permit the signal isolators to be located in the same electrical enclosure as the low voltage Datataker. (Although the isolator is designed to be located near the Datataker, for safety reasons it may be necessary to locate it in a separate but adjacent enclosure.) Depending on the environment and level of electrical interference present, the signal isolator can be located up to 10 metres from the Datataker.

Datataker. If this is the case, make new cables to the correct length using a good quality multi-core cable. If the wires are different colours, make sure that the isolator/Datataker termination relationship is maintained. If you are using more than one signal isolator, see section 3-5, “Connecting Multiple Signal Isolators”, later in this manual.

3-2 Datataker Resources Required Supporting one or more signal isolators requires various Datataker resources to control the multiplexers and to process the returned data. The number of isolators that can be connected to a Datataker is limited by the following factors: Channel Variables Required when Zero Offset Compensation is Used:

• One CV (channel variable) per isolator. This CV is to store the isolator’s zero offset channel value and is called the “zero offset CV”. • One CV per Datataker. This CV is the system’s “global CV” and is used to store the measured channel value temporarily. • One CV per isolator input. This CV is the channel’s “zero-corrected CV” and stores the difference between the zero offset CV and the global CV. Section 3-4, “Command File Guidelines: Using Channel Variables”, describes the general usage of these CVs. Other Channel Variables Required:

• As needed to support your application. Digital Outputs Required:

• Two digital outputs to control channel selection of the isolator multiplexers. These two lines are connected to the Channel Select terminals of all isolators.

Input Signals

Analog Channels Required:

Make sure that the input signals do not exceed the specifications of the signal isolator (see “Specifications”), and ensure that they can not come in contact with the Channel Select, Channel Enable, Frequency Output or power Supply terminals. This can be achieved by careful layout of the enclosure, and by tidy and secure routing of the cables (use cable ties) to prevent accidental contact of the inputs to other isolator terminals or cables. Make sure that potential fault currents which could flow from the source signal are properly protected at the signal source. For example, if a fault developed in the wiring from a battery bank to the signal isolator, there is potentially a current source of hundreds of amps which could cause a fire in the wiring and damage equipment. Each cell’s “tap-off” point should be independently fused with, say, a 100mA fuse located near the source voltage.

• One analog channel — in differential connection, the entire channel is used for each signal isolator. • One analog channel — in single-ended connection, one signal isolator output connects to the positive terminal, and a second signal isolator output connects to the negative terminal.

Power Supply

If you locate the signal isolator in a separate enclosure, it may be more practical to power it from a power supply other than the Datataker battery output. The supply should be from 5 to 15 VDC and capable of sourcing at least 60mA per isolator. A DC mains adaptor (“plug-pack”) is suitable. Wiring

The 500mm cables supplied with the isolator will not be suitable if it is located in an enclosure that is separate from the 6

Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

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3-3 Command File Guidelines: Controlling the Isolator

This is done by executing two commands similar to

Controlling the signal isolator is a three-step procedure: • Select the isolator channel to be read. • Enable the isolator channel to be read. • Read the isolator channel. When creating command files, repeat these steps for each channel you wish to read. The steps are described below.

where a and b are the bit states required to select the particular channel (see the table above). These states are input to the Channel Select lines of the isolator. Enabling the Isolator Channel

Select the isolator channel to be read by outputting its address on Datataker digital output channels D1 and D2 as shown in the following table. D2=b

X 0 0 1 1

X 0 1 0 1

*0 1 1 1 1

Channel Selected

None 1 2 3 4 (X = don’t care)

To other Signal Isolators

0 to 15VDC inputs

The selected channel relay is enabled (switched on) by setting the Excite terminal ( ) of the Datataker's analog input channel to 5 volts, which simulates a logic 1 on the Channel Enable line of the isolator. This is achieved by including the V channel option in the command to read the input channel of the Datataker to which the frequency output from the isolator is connected. For example, in the command

*

Selecting the Isolator Channel

D1=a

1DSO=a 2DSO=b

15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 15 2.5 0 Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

Voltage Signal Isolator SI-V

1F(V,2V)

the V channel option causes the Datataker to set the Excite terminal of channel 1 to 5 volts (logic 1), which in turn enables the addressed relay of the isolator to be switched. The Datataker then pauses for 10mS (as defined by Parameter 10) to allow the isolator to stabilize on the new signal before the logger reads the frequency output from the isolator. After taking the reading, the Datataker then turns off the excite terminal of channel 1, which in turn switches the selected relay of the isolator off again. The 2V channel option allows the Datataker to measure the input frequency with an amplitude of 5 volts. Once the basic frequency output from the isolator has been read, it can be converted to data of the required type and magnitude range by using polynomials, spans or calculations. Sequences and Delays

-

Supply 5-15VDC

*

+

Channel Enable

+ Frequency - Output

When creating your own command files, it is important that the sequences and time delays used in the sample files are maintained to ensure that the isolator performs to specification.

D2

Channel Select

D1

3-4 Command File Guidelines: Using Channel Variables To implement zero offset compensation, we recommend that you use channel variables (CVs) in your command file as follows: • Firstly, measure the zero offset value and store it in the “zero offset CV” (one per isolator). • Next, read the channel and assign the value to the “global CV” (one per Datataker). • Lastly, subtract the zero offset CV from the temporary CV and assign the result to the “zero-corrected CV” (one per isolator channel). This method is recommended because it requires a minimum number of channel variables. The sample command files are examples of this usage.

Inputs from 4-20mA loops

In Out In Out In Out In Out + + + + Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

Current Signal Isolator SI-C

-

Supply 5-15VDC

*

+

Channel Enable

+ Frequency - Output

D2

Channel Select

D1

To next Signal Isolator pair

*

Analog Channel

R

– +

*

Analog Channel

D4 D3 D2 D1

Digital Channels

Datataker DT50/500/600 Series Signal Isolators SI-V and SI-C

-

– +

+

R

Battery

Fig. 5:

Single-Ended Connection (Two Isolators per Datataker Analog Channel) 7

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3-5 Multiple Signal Isolators Two signal isolators can be connected to each Datataker analog input channel, with the frequency output from each isolator connected as a single-ended analog input to the logger channel (see Figure 5). This allows up to eight isolated signals to be merged into one Datataker analog channel. In addition, singles or pairs of isolators can be connected to other analog input channels of the Datataker. The maximum capability is DT50 10 signal isolators — provides 40 isolated channels DT500/600 series 20 signal isolators — provides 80 isolated channels. This feature is useful if a large number of signals is to be monitored where isolation is required, such as for battery bank monitoring in standby power supplies for computer installations, solar power stations, battery testing and so on. Single & Separate Datataker Analog Channels

Where two isolators are connected to a single Datataker analog input channel, the two isolators must be connected in parallel with respect to the Channel Select and power supply lines. The Frequency Output from each isolator is connected to separate single-ended analog input terminals of the Datataker analog channel (see Figure 5). Where two or more signal isolators are connected to separate Datataker analog input channels, the isolators are also connected in parallel with respect to the Channel Select lines D1 and D2, and the power supply lines. The Frequency Output from each isolator is connected differentially to separate analog input channels of the logger, and the Channel Enable line ( ) of each isolator is connected to the Datataker Excite terminal of the respective channels.

*

Power Supply

The same power supply lines connect to all signal isolators.

Part 4:

Specifications Conversion ranges

Model SI-V INPUT

OUTPUT

2.5V 15V Range Range Frequency –2.5V –15V 5kHz 0V 0V 10kHz + 2.5V +15V 15kHz

Model SI-C INPUT

OUTPUT

4 – 20mA Range 4mA 12mA 20mA

Frequency 10. 8kHz 12. 4kHz 14. 0kHz

Maximum input voltage (SI-V) 25V Maximum input current (SI-C) 50mA Inter-channel isolation 250VDC or 175VAC maximum common mode between channels System isolation 500VDC or 350VAC maximum series mode between inputs and output, or inputs and power supply Accuracy* ±2.5V range Better than 0.025% of reading plus offset of less than 0.25mV (input impedance 150K, 0.1% 15ppm/ºC) ±15V range Better than 0.2% of reading (input impedance 900K, attenuator is 750K and 150K, 0.1% 10ppm/ºC) 4-20mA range Better than 0.1% of reading (current shunt 100R, 0.1% 10ppm/ºC) Temperature coefficient Better than ±75ppm/ºC from –20 to +60ºC Output Output frequency is related to voltage input by the relationship Fout(kHz) = 10 + 2Vin Power supply 5–15VDC Current drain 30mA standby, 70mA at measurement Case material KRILEN-F polyamide 6 (fibreglass-reinforced) thermoplastic, IP40 Mounting DIN rail clips incorporated in case Terminals Screw-type, mounted in plug-in terminal blocks Dimensions Body only: 80mm x 74mm x 25m Inc. terminals and mounting clips: 106mm x 107mm x 25mm Operating temperature –10 to 50°C Weight 140g

* Readings taken at 20ºC using zero-offset channel compensation, Datataker on frequency range

3-6 Range of Sample Command File 1_SI_C.CMD 1_SI_C.CMD arbitrarily sets the Datataker span to return data in the range –50 to +50 units for inputs corresponding to 4–20mA.

Internet home page http://www.datataker.com

Data Electronics U.S.A., Inc.

Data Electronics (Aust.) Pty. Ltd.

Data Electronics (U.K.) Ltd.

22961 Triton Way, Suite E, Laguna Hills CA 92653 U.S.A. 1-800-9-LOGGER Phone 949 452 0750 (Int’l +1 714 452 0750) Fax 949 452 1170 (Int’l +1 714 452 1170) E-mail [email protected]

Certified to ISO9002

26 Business Centre West – Avenue One Letchworth Garden City, Herts. SG6 2HB United Kingdom Phone 01462 481291 (Int’l +44 1462 481291) Fax 01462 481375 (Int’l +44 1462 481375) E-mail [email protected]

7 Seismic Court, Rowville, Victoria 3178 Australia Phone 03 9764 8600 (Int’l +61 3 9764 8600) Fax 03 9764 8997 (Int’l +61 3 9764 8997) E-mail [email protected] ACN 006 134 863

UM-0053