Season 2014-15 Season 2014-15
Omaha Beach SLSC Omaha Beach SLSC
Patrol Operations Manual
Contents SECTION A: Patrol Operations 1.0 1.1 1.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5
Contact Information Club Contact Information Emergency Contact Information Patrol Geography Area Map Schematic Plan of Beach Patrol Capability Minimum Lifesaving Equipment Minimum Contents of a Portable First Aid Kit Minimum First Aid / Treatment Room Contents Specific Patrol Operations Club Lifesaving SOPs Specific Dangers / Hazards – Local Knowledge Specific Patrol Methods Tsunami Response Local Council Bylaws Standard patrol Operations Patrol Roles & Responsibilities Set Up / Pack Down Procedure Patrol Documentation Protocols Designation of Patrolled Swimming Area Patrol Methods Surf Lifeguard at Waters Edge Standard Incident Response Procedure Inflatable Rescue Boat (IRB) Operations All-Terrain Vehicles (ATV) Lost / Missing Person or Vessel Lost Property Sand Structure Collapse Body Recovery Protocol Serious Accidents / Incidents Informing SLSNZ of a Serious Accident / Incident Lifeguard Protection Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Lifeguard Dehydration Exposure on the Beach & in the Water Disease Risk Post Exposure / Incident Action
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Patrol Operations Manual
SECTION B: Search and Rescue Operations 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.0 8.1 8.2 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0
Callout Squad Information Callout Squad Activation Callout Squad Key Contacts Callout Squad Members (Surf Lifeguards) Callout Squad Members (Patrol Support) Callout Squad Geography & Response Times Callout Response Area Map Estimated Response Time Search & Rescue Operations Overview New Zealand Coordinated Management System (CIMS) Emergency Services Liaison (ISBAR) Briefing Teams on the Response to an Incident (SMEAC) Specific Hazards Relating to Callout Search & Rescue Equipment Minimum Equipment for Callout Minimum Equipment for Offshore Incidents Minimum Equipment for Night Operations Personal Protective Equipment General Procedures for Callout & SAR Standard Procedure for Land-based SAR Standard Procedure for Inshore Marine SAR Standard Procedure for Offshore Marine SAR Standard Procedure for Night Operations
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Patrol Operations Manual
SECTION C: Surf Life Saving New Zealand Policies SLS001 SLS002 SLS003 SLS004 SLS005 SLS006 SLS007 SLS008 SLS009 SLS010 SLS011 SLS012 SLS013 SLS014 SLS015 SLS016 SLS017 SLS018 SLS019 SLS020 SLS021 SLS022 SLS023 SLS024 SLS025 SLS026 SLS027 SLS028 SLS029
Member Injuries IRB Specifications SLSNZ Rescue of the Month Shark Safety Body Recovery Patrol Support Members Prototype / Experimental Equipment Event Lifeguard Policy Lifeguard Uniform Patrol Operations Minimum Lifesaving Equipment Incident Report Forms Buoyancy Support in IRB’s Number of Lifeguards Patrol Captain Report Forms Designation of Lifesaving Patrolled Area Proactive Lifesaving Annual Volunteer SLGA / IRB Refreshers Membership to Surf Life Saving in New Zealand Critical Incident Management Procedures Disaster Survival and Preparedness Tsunami Response Search and Rescue Operations Accreditation of Callout Squads Billing for use of Rescue Assets Minimum Equipment for SAR Responding to Incidents in Private Motor Vehicles Search and Rescue Operations Breaching Patrol Standards
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT001
SUBJECT: Contact Information
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
1.1
TOTAL PAGES: 3
CLUB CONTACT INFORMATION
Club House Phone Number: 09-4227022 Club Website Address: www.omahasurf.co.nz Club Email:
[email protected] Club Address (mailing): P.O.Box180 Matakana, 0948 Club address (physical): 57 Broadlands Drive Fraser Reserve Omaha 0986 Club Position
Name
Phone #
Email
President / Chairman
Julian Ostling
021-507621
[email protected]
Club Captain
Kevin Blair
021-1914516
[email protected]
Administrator
Karen Davies
021-897701
[email protected]
Treasurer
Jo Daly
021 683147
[email protected]
Club Chief Instructor/co-ordinator
Deb Collings
021-0624686
[email protected]
Junior surf co-ordinator
Asher BlanchettBurton
0210554228
[email protected]
Senior Sports Co-ordinator
Ruth Tanner
021-4229349
[email protected]
Chief Power-craft Officer/instructor
Pete McCormack
021-2164924
[email protected]
Fundraising and sponsorship
Richard Turner
021-332233
[email protected]
Child Protection Advocate
Deb Collings
021-0624686
[email protected]
Child Protection Advocate
Kevin Blair
021-1914516
[email protected]
Child Protection Advocate
Ruth Tanner
021-4229349
[email protected]
Events Coordinator
Nikki Rogers
021 703112
[email protected]
First Aid Officer
Kevin Porter.
021-425712
[email protected]
SLS Northern Region Delegate
Patrick Daly
021 531470
[email protected]
Secretary
Gear Steward
Radio Officer Regional Staff Lifesaving Manager
David Butt
021507144
[email protected]
Regional Lifeguard Service Supervisor & Operational Support Officer
Chase Cahalane
021508688
[email protected]
Operational Support Officer
Tai Kahn
021507142
[email protected]
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Patrol Operations Manual
1.2 EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION •
When reporting an incident give: POSITION, PROBLEM, PEOPLE Service
Ambulance
Rescue Helicopter
Other Surf Club 1. Orewa 2. Mangawhai Heads Police
Contact Number 1 (Emergency) Via SurfCom–24/7 Radio Mode 1 or 0800 SAVE LIFE
Contact Number 2 (Local) 0800 426 2852 – Non Urgent
Distance in Kilometres Within 15 km
Via SurfCom–24/7 Radio Mode 1 or 0800 SAVE LIFE 1) Helimed Northern 2) Westpac - Auckland Via Radio Network Ch. 1 Via SurfCom–24/7 Radio Mode 1 or 0800 SAVE LIFE
70km 80km 09 426 5058 09 4314679
Response in Minutes 15-20min
20min 30min
40km (by road) 70kms 15km
25-30 mins 45 mins 15-20 mins
10-15mins
Fire
Via SurfCom–24/7 Radio Mode 1 or 0800 SAVE LIFE
6km
Coastguard
Via SurfCom–24/7 Radio Mode 1 or 0800 SAVE LIFE, or Distress Frequency CH16 on Handhelds
40km (from Kawau)
40 – 60 mins
40km (from Orewa) 15km (from Tawharanui)
Unknown – over 1 hour
Civil Defence
0800 426 516 (Rodney DC) 09 366 2000 (ParksLine)
Park Ranger Council 24hour enquiries Council Dog Ranger Harbourmaster/Ranger Pollution Response National Poison Centre
0800 764 766
N/A
25 mins
N/A
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT002
SUBJECT: Patrol Operations Geography
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 2
2.1 AREA MAP
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Patrol Operations Manual
2.2 SCHEMATIC PLAN OF BEACH
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT003
SUBJECT: Patrol Capability
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 3
TOTAL PAGES: 1
3.1 NUMBER OF LIFEGUARDS SLSNZ Volunteer Lifesaving Patrols shall operate on the following basis:A.
B.
A minimum of at least two (2) qualified and currently SLSNZ “refreshed” (see regulation 13.3.1) Surf Lifeguards must be present during the period of time which the patrol is in operation. Clubs may set a higher minimum standard that will be outlined in the Patrol Operations Manuals. See (b) below for standard when a IRB is set up on patrol. Where an IRB is used on patrols, a minimum of three (3) qualified and refreshed Surf Lifeguards must be present during the period of time which the patrol is in operation, of which at least one must be a qualified and currently SLSNZ “refreshed” IRB Driver (see regulation 13.3.2).
Clubs may set minimum lifesaving standards or guidelines over and above national minimums to promote higher levels of patrol team capability in your region. Different locations require different levels of resourcing. 3.2 LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT The following equipment shall be readily available for use by all surf life saving patrols (base): Minimum Equipment • SLSNZ documentation - Forms & POM • 3 Rescue Tubes (SLSNZ approved) • 1 pair of binoculars • 3 pairs of swim fins • Stocked first aid kit • 3 radios • Portable oxygen kit • Patrol flags (Beach, Club house & BP) • Spinal board and ‘stiff necks’ • Patrol Signage • Rescue Board • Telephone • Automated External Defibrillator (AED) • IRB (That meets SLSNZ regulations) • 2 lifejackets (PFD) • ATV *Please note: The 3 rescue tube minimum does not include those in IRBs or hung on flags Recommended Equipment
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3.3 MINIMUM CONTENTS OF PORTABLE FIRST AID KIT • 1 x small torch • 1 x Notepad and pencil • 1 x clothing shears • 1 x stainless scissors •
3 x protective gloves
•
2 x sterile gauze 75x75mm
•
1 x 5m roll 25mm tape
•
1 x resuscitation face shield
•
1 x first aid pamphlet
•
1 x eye pad
• 3 x plastic bags • 2 x combined dressing 20x100mm • 12 x AWC (steri) strips 30x40mm • 2 x 100mmx1.5m crepe bandage • 2 x 150mmx1.5m crepe bandage
• 1 x emergency blanket • 2 x melolite100x75mm • 2 x combine dressing 200x200mm • 2 x 900x1300 triangular bandages • 6 x safety pins • 6 x 30ml saline • 4 x disposable gloves in bag
3.4 MINIMUM FIRST AID ROOM / TREATMENT FACILITY CONTENTS A: Oxygen/resuscitation kit containing: • Size ‘ oxygen/resuscitation cylinder (at least • Adult bag/mask resuscitator (assembled) ¾ full) with flow regulator connected (Child unit also recommended • Suction unit (Laerdal Vvac or similar) • Adult and child acute mask • Oxygen supply tubing (2 x spare) • Oropharyngeal airways (OPA) (sizes 0,1,2,3) • Penlight torch, pen and paper • Rescue sheet (space blanket) • Clothing shears • Spare stocks of oxygen masks and tubing etc • Adult & child non-rebreather mask • Stiffneck Select (or Set of Stiffneck collars) B: Other Recommended equipment • Pneu splints / Cardboard arm and leg splints or better. • Spare full Size A oxygen cylinder • Disinfectant and cleaning supplies • Emergency contacts telephone list • Spare pads for Automated External Defibrillator • Appropriate SLSNZ Forms • Automated External Defibrillator (AED)
• Patient examination couch/bed • Dedicated storage facility for first aid supplies (eg cabinet, drawers, shelves and trays etc). Should contain extra supplies of all listed equipment • Spinal Board (backboard stretcher) • Blankets • Eyewash bottle • Sink and handwash station • Hygienic waste disposal container
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT004
SUBJECT: Specific Patrol Operations
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
4.1
TOTAL PAGES: 5
CLUB LIFESAVING SOPs
Every surf lifesaving service is unique. The space below provides an opportunity for your club to publish specific club patrolling policies to enable the smooth and efficient delivery of surf life saving services from your club. CLUB SOPs • Minimum of three (3) lifeguards on duty at any one time (1 Senior PC, 1 IRB qualified, 1 First Aid Level Two) • All gear to be washed and stored at the end of each patrol as per close down procedure. • Clubhouse to be cleaned and tidied at the end of each patrol. • A minimum of two scenario based training exercises to be completed by each patrol captain during each patrol. • First Aid officer is given a list of any first aid equipment used at the end of each patrol. First Aid officer to ensure first aid equipment is replaced in a timely fashion ready for next patrol. • The Patrol Captain will ring the powercraft officer at the end of the patrol to provide advice as to the operational status of powercraft if it is need of repair/replacing • “Flag duty” is to be undertaken by lifeguards only and not accompanied by friends / no lifeguards to minimise distractions. • Lifeguards are prohibited from SMS texting / using cell phones while on any surveillance based duty (Flags, Tower etc). • All lifeguards on the beach or in transit must carry a rescue tube and fins and radio at all times. • All ATV / Quad operators must have a minimum of restricted drivers licence. Quad must not exceed 15kph unless responding to an emergency. If the ATV needs to be used at higher speeds, headlights and siren must be switch on to warn patrons. • All donations must be forwarded to the patrol captain who will document the donation and forward to the club administrator to process. Contact name and details of the person giving the donation should be collected so follow up thank you can be completed.
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Patrol Operations Manual
4.2 SPECIFIC DANGERS AND HAZARDS – LOCAL KNOWLEDGE COMMENT
PREVENTITIVE PLAN / EQUIPMENT
Northern end of Omaha Beach
Strong seaward current on outgoing tide. The Harbour Entrance is obscured from view by the Swash Groynes.
Swash Groynes
Northern end of Omaha Beach adjacent to the Harbour Entrance
Popular fishing location – can be awash from mid to high tide and during periods of large surf
Pink Beach & Southern Reef
Southern end of Omaha Beach
Pink Beach and the reef are popular with walkers and fishing – be aware that the area can become awash from mid to high tide and during periods of large surf
Southern Cliff Faces
Between Omaha Beach and Pink Beach
The cliffs at the southern end of the beach are unstable and present a fall hazard to people walking on the reef or above the cliffs.
This area is not usually used by swimmers or small craft, but regular inspection by the IRB crew should be undertaken on busy days or when the P/C deems it appropriate The Swash Groynes should be checked regularly at the same time as the Harbour Entrance, and where appropriate a Beach Guard should provide warnings to members of the public on the rocks. Any persons trapped by the tide at Pink Beach can be walked to safety over the farmland above the cliffs – don’t risk a lifeguard or an IRB attempting a rock rescue when other options exist. If engaged in an incident near the cliffs attempt to relocate the patient to a safe location. If this is not practical, ensure ALL rescuers are wearing adequate protective clothing including helmets. DO NOT attempt a High Angle Rescue unless you are qualified and are using appropriate equipment. IRB is the fastest mode of transport to Te Point (3 mins), 30 minute walk from wharf at estuary mouth. If presented with an incident at Ti Point, lifeguards should exit IRB from leeward side of Ti Point for protection from elements. Patient will need to be treated and secured at Ti Point before transportation (IRB, by foot or Helo).
HAZARD / INCIDENT Harbour Entrance
LOCATION
NOTE: Ambulance classify any fall of more than 2m as a Priority 1 / potentially life threatening emergency Ti Point
Peninsula out from Northern End of Omaha Beach
The cliffs at the end of Ti Point peninsula. Popular for rock climbing and walking. At high tide it is not possible to walk around rocks, people would have to climb the hill.
In all of the above situations, the patrol captain on the day is responsible for allocating rescue resources as they see fit. If you are not sure of what to do, particularly junior members, please consult with the patrol captain, or other senior lifeguards.
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Patrol Operations Manual
4.3 SPECIFIC PATROL METHODS The information below outlines how lifesaving resources will typically be used to prevent drowning and injury during surf lifesaving patrols at our beach. For information about how to respond to an incident, see section 4.2 Specific Dangers and Hazards or section 5.7 Standard Incident Response Procedure. Quiet Day Deployment Number of Lifeguards: 4
Busy Day Deployment Number of Lifeguards: 5
Number of IRBs: 1
Number of IRBs: 1
Number of Patrolled Areas: 1
Number of Patrolled Areas: 1
Proactive Mobile Patrols Location
Omaha South
Areas described in Section 4.1 of this Manual
Omaha Central (Fraser Reserve)
Omaha North
Type
When/why
How
Resources (e.g. # Lifeguards)
Roving between Tower I & Tower II Roving Patrols (backed up by Lifeguar d or Patrol Captain on Quad if necessar y). Mobile Tower(s) & actively patrolling the water edge Roving between Tower I and the Harbour Entrance / Swash Groynes
Peak season to cover capacity crowds and busy area of Omaha Beach. At least every hour during peak periods, otherwise whenever deemed necessary by the Patrol Captain.
2 x lifeguards to proceed on foot/ATV with Tubes and Fins and carry out preventative actions if needed. x2 lifeguards to proceed on foot/ATV with Tubes and Fins and carry out preventative actions if needed.
2 x Lifeguards 2 x Rescue Tubes 2 x Sets of Fins 1 x Handheld Radio 1 x AquaBag 2 x Lifeguards 2 x Rescue Tubes 2 x Sets of Fins 1 x Handheld Radio 1 x AquaBag
During the periods of capacity crowds to ensure Lifeguards are visible and accessible
1 x lifeguard on each Mobile Tower used and at least 1 x Lifeguard patrolling the waters edge.
Mobile Tower(s) 2 x Rescue Tubes (min)
2 x lifeguards to proceed on foot/ATV with Tubes and Fins and carry out preventative actions if needed.
2 x Lifeguards 2 x Rescue Tubes 2 x Sets of Fins 1 x Handheld Radio 1 x AquaBag
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4.4 Tsunami Response Civil Defence and Emergency Management (CDEM) classify tsunami alerts into two categories: 1. Tsunami Warning: A higher degree of risk with a direct threat to NZ 2. Tsunami Advisory: A lower degree of risk than a “Tsunami Warning” but still potential threat to NZ
First knowledge of a tsunami warning may come from a number of sources (SLSNZ, CDEM, Media etc). On receiving a tsunami warning, each club will put into action its individual/local tsunami alert response plan. The response plan will outline how the club will attempt to remove essential lifesaving equipment that may be needed post tsunami. It will also include key CDEM contact numbers and identification of a safe ‘green zone’. Surf Life Saving Tsunami Alert Response Plan (out of season or outside of patrol hours) The club must include the following in its tsunami alert response plan: a. How the facility will be accessed to enable equipment to be removed b. The contact phone number (mobile) of the CDEM coordinator for the area (normally administered via your local council). This person should be contacted once people and rescue resources have been successfully re-located to the green zone. Advise the local CDEM coordinator of: i. ii. iii.
Where you are What resources you have (both people and equipment) How you can be contacted (radio channel, cell number etc)
c. Identification of lifesaving equipment to be removed from the facility including IRB’s, Radio Equipment, Resuscitation and First Aid Equipment etc. d. How the equipment will be transported away from the facility to the club’s designated “green zone”. e. Location of (i.e. grid reference, address and directions) a designated “green zone”. This should be an area at least 19m above sea level, with relatively easy access to ensure equipment and people can be transported in timely fashion, large enough to fit the resources being transported. f. A list of people (i.e. a call out squad or similar) who are available to respond following activation of the tsunami alert response plan. This should include a contact cell phone number. Club Tsunami Response Plan
Identify the essential lifesaving equipment that will be removed from the club in the event of a Tsunami
Outline how the club will be accessed in order to remove essential lifesaving equipment
Minimum requirement: • 1x IRB set-up (Hull, motor, lifejackets, fuel bladder) • 6x Handheld Radios and chargers • 2x Radio Aquabags • 1x Rescue Pack (including o2 bottle) • 1x spare o2 bottles • 1x Spinal board • 1x pair of binoculars • 1x Club ATV (if suitable) • 1x Copy of POM But remove as much Rescue Equipment as possible as time allows. Via group text to callout squad via SurfCom
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Patrol Operations Manual Identify the location of a nearby safe ‘green zone’ (grid reference, address and directions)
TBA
Outline how the equipment will be transported to the safe ‘green zone’
Via club & members vehicle.
Enter the contact number of the local Civil Defence Coordinator
021-980865
List the members able to respond following the activation of a tsunami warning. This may just refer to the club callout list in section 2
Refer Club call out list
NB! The above response plan must only be activated if there is time and no risk to anyone
Surf Life Saving Tsunami Alert Response (during patrol hours) a. At all times, the patrol captain shall stay in charge of the patrol’s response b. As with any incident, self preservation of members is the priority c. Upon receiving advice of the tsunami warning OR if obvious visual evidence is present (this may include a large earthquake (i.e. difficult to stand up), a less severe earthquake (that lasts for a minute or more), observed strange sea behavior such as the sea level suddenly rising and falling, or hearing the sea making loud and unusual noises or roaring like a jet engine, then the patrol captain should ensure that: I. The patrol team is immediately briefed on the patrols response II. The public are immediately advised to promptly leave the beach and to head to high ground. All areas of high ground should be identified in the clubs area and schematic map (2.1 & 2.2) III. If time permits, close the beach (remove the patrol flags and advise patrons the beach is closed due to a tsunami warning) IV. If time permits, activate the club’s tsunami alert response plan (as per after hours above) V. Wait at the designated “green zone” until the area is cleared by the local civil defence and emergency management coordinator before responding following the tsunami event or you are notified of a ‘stand down’.
In the event of the Club being advised of a “Tsumani Advisory” the following will be implemented. 1. 2.
All clubs and regional offices will receive a standby message On receiving this message, clubs should ensure people are aware and prepared to respond ASAP should the tsunami alert be upgraded to “tsunami warning”. If this happens, the procedure listed above for “tsunami warning” shall be executed.
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Patrol Operations Manual
4.5 LOCAL COUNCIL BYLAWS Local Bylaw / Maritime Law
Impact on SLS Service
Monitoring / Enforcing Role of SLS Service
Liquor Ban – liquor ban on all public places in Omaha Vehicles on Beach – public vehicles banned from beach
Intoxicated persons on beach Risk to beach goers
Dogs on Beach - Dogs prohibited 9am - 7pm from first Sunday in October to third Saturday in March. Outside these hours, dogs are allowed off-leash Boats/jet skis - 5 knots when the vessel is within: 200m of shore, 50m of another vessel or swimmer, 200m of dive flag
Risk to beach goers
Monitor beach goers consuming alcohol, notify Police if intoxicated persons. Restrict access to beach through surf club driveway. Notify Police if vehicle on beach. Monitor dogs and owners, notify of council bylaws.
Risk to swimmers or other vessels
Monitor boats/jet skis; notify offenders, if uncooperative take registration details and give to Police if reoffending.
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT005
SUBJECT: Standard Patrol Operations
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 13
5.1 PATROL ROLES & RESPONSIBILTIIES Patrol Members All Patrol Members shall: a) b) c) d) e) f)
g) h) i) j) k) l)
Practice the basic principles of PREVENTION, RECOGNITION & RESCUE whilst on patrol. Ensure name and start time is logged on the Patrol Captains report form Ensure swimmers are advised at all times to swim between the red and yellow patrol flags Where hazards exist, ensure swimmers that enter the water outside the flagged area are warned of these dangers and hazards and advised to swim between the flags Be polite and courteous when engaging in dialogue with members of the public Request that any board riders (fibreglass boards) are asked not to surf inside the red and yellow flagged patrol area. The surf life saving service should take a cooperative approach when working with board riders to ensure a safe flagged area is maintained at all times All members will ensure they wear the SLSNZ/SLSNR approved lifeguard uniform at all times on patrol All members remove their patrol uniform at the completion of their patrol Not leave the patrol unless authorised to by the patrol captain Always carry a rescue tube and swim fins when on patrol at the water’s edge Maintain their fluid intake during the patrol Practice sun safety basic principles of SLIP, SLOP, SLAP, WRAP and SLIDE when on patrol and promote sun smart principles proactively to other beach users
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Patrol Operations Manual m) Always be polite and courteous when dealing with a member of the public n) Advise the patrol captain if ill, injured, or fatigued or cannot completed lifeguard duties as delegated o) Advise members of the public that the patrol is now closing either (a) conditions permit closing the beach or (b) at the end of the patrol day p) Patrol members shall endeavour to make sure the beach is in a safe condition prior to setting up the patrol. In addition to a safe swimming area, members should pay attention to remove or minimise hazards such as broken glass, bottles, needles, branches, floating debris, animals, holes etc. q) Patrol members shall be assigned to specific patrol duties/roles (i.e. flag duty, IRB driver/crew, first aid, tower, mobile patrols, public relations etc) r) A patrol member shall be stationed in an elevated position at all times during the patrol when swimmers are in the water. When a beach user enters the water, one set of lifeguard eyes must remain on the patrolled area at all times. Never leave the flagged area without observation s) Patrol flags and rescue equipment will be positioned as close to the water’s edge as possible and will be moved with the tide during the patrol t) All patrols shall ensure that if there is a swimmer in the water between the flags, at least one patrol member will patrol at the water’s edge between the flags u) All members are to promote an image of professionalism (quality), vigilance, service and endurance at all times v) All members will take responsibility for reporting accurate information through the diligent completion of patrol and incident forms
Patrol Captain In addition to the generic responsibilities (above) the patrol captain shall: a) Prior to the commencement of the patrol, check all previous patrol captains reports forms and liaise with the previous patrol captain to identify any issues or hazards and minimise the effects of the identified risks b) Ensure all lifesaving equipment is checked before patrol though delegating roles to individual patrol team members to check particular equipment c) Select the safest area of beach to erect the red and yellow flags (following observation from an elevated position, physical test and consultation with patrol team members) d) Be responsible for the opening and closing of the patrolled area / beach e) Delegate patrol member’s roles/duties on patrol f) Ensure that all patrol members take a pro-active approach to completing preventative interventions to minimise risk (i.e. warning the public of hazards, ensuring swimmers remain between flags etc) g) Be in relatively close proximity to the patrol and be contactable on radio at ALL times during the patrol h) Be aware of, and abide by, local territorial authorities bylaws for the use of the beach and aquatic environment i) Control/lead any rescue, first aid, search scenario that may arise during the patrol unless command assumed by higher level authority j) Ensure the correct completion of Patrol, Incident, and IRB log forms k) Make themselves available to the general public to answer any general enquiries l) Act in accordance with SLSNZ Media Engagement Policy (outlined in section C, SLS016 of this patrol operations manual) and any additional policies your district association may have for communications with media Club POM | Page 17
Patrol Operations Manual
5.2 SET UP / PACK DOWN PROCEDURE It is very important that each patrol is set and packed down appropriately to ensure the service your club provides is consistent across different patrol teams. All of the activities below should be safely carried out in accordance to training and equipment manuals. START OF PATROL END OF PATROL Read previous patrols paperwork Ensure public aware of patrol finishing Place rescue tubes and fins near patrol area Remove and store Rescue Board/Ski Test base set radio and telephone Remove and store signage Place radios in aquabags and test Remove and store Spinal Board and cervical collar Check rescue vehicle fuel (ATV etc) Place Automated External Defibrillator on charge Set up IRBs and place near waters edge and Self-test Place Rescue Board/Ski on beach Remove and store Oxygen Unlock First Aid room Remove and store First Aid Kit Place First Aid Kit near patrol area Lower and store clubhouse patrol and BP flags Place Oxygen near patrol area Remove and store Patrol Flags Self-test Automated External Defibrillator Pack up IRBs and semi deflate (leave one set up for Place Defibrillator near patrol area callouts with fuel bladder on ground) Wash rescue vehicle and refuel Place Spinal Board and cervical collar near patrol Test radios and place on charge area Complete and fax paperwork Check uniforms of patrol members Lock First Aid room Raise clubhouse patrol and BP flags Store rescue tubes and fins Patrol Flags sited at safest location Ask patrol members to remove uniform Signage placed on beach as appropriate Paperwork completed
5.3 PATROL DOCUMENTATION PROTOCOLS During patrol, the patrol captain shall ensure that all SLSNZ Forms and Logbook records are accurately and neatly maintained. Club copies of paperwork shall be filed neatly. The Patrol Captain is responsible for delivering the forms to the club administrator officer who will enter the information to the SLSNZ Patrol & Membership Database no later than Wednesday following the end of a weekend/public holiday. This means that after a typical weekend patrol the forms for both Saturday and Sunday will be due at SLSNZ before the following Wednesday. The Patrol Captain may delegate this task but remains responsible.
Patrol Operations Manual: Each Club and/or Community Lifesaving Service must have an approved “Patrol Operations Manual” as specified in regulation 4 of SLSNZ Regulations. A copy of the approved manual is to be kept at the Clubhouse in the patrol tower or in a location that is accessible to all patrol members. Patrol Captains Reports: SLSNZ will issue Clubs with Patrol Captains Report forms at the start of each patrol season (or as required). Incident Reports: An Incident Report Form is to be completed for every Rescue, First Aid, and Search that is undertaken by a patrol. This includes any incidents that surf lifeguards respond to at events.
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Patrol Operations Manual For all incidents that involve the Police or an external agency (eg ambulance or RCCNZ) a tasking number must be recorded on the incident form. Accident and Incident Investigation Report: To be completed for a serious harm event to the public, any lifeguard injury event or any lifeguard equipment breakage event. IRB Logbook: It is the Patrol Captains responsibility to ensure that these are completed for every IRB that is used during the course of a patrol.
5.4 DESIGNATION OF PATROLLED SWIMMING AREA Two SLSNZ standard red and yellow flags with shall be positioned on the beach as close to the waters edge as practically possible. The area between these two flags designates the lifeguard patrolled area. If patrol flags on the beach have a hook, then a tube will be hung at this location to be accessed by lifeguards if required for a mass rescue or similar.
5.5 PATROL METHODS Three (3) core patrol types and three (3) sub-patrol types are currently employed - Base Patrol - Foul Weather Patrol - Dangerous Conditions Patrol
• • •
Roving Patrol Outpost Patrol Satellite Patrol
1. Base Patrol (standard) Core patrolled area for lifesaving service, providing a defined (flagged) supervised swimming area, with a full complement of personnel and equipment (as per POM). A Base Patrol shall maintain as a minimum:• •
Two (2) qualified lifeguards (refreshed) Where an IRB is used on patrol, a minimum of three (3) qualified and refreshed Surf Lifeguards must be present during the period of time which the patrol is in operation, of which at least one must be a qualified and currently SLSNZ “refreshed” BP IRB Driver
2. Foul Weather Patrol A downgraded Base Patrol due to poor, inclement weather conditions. In the event of foul weather the following procedure should be followed:• • • • •
•
Inform SLS Region The red/yellow flags (patrolled area) is to remain (unless a dangerous conditions patrol is appropriate – which would override a foul weather patrol) A lifeguard shall remain in a effective position to continually scan the beach for swimmers/issues (tower or elevated position in the clubhouse) – the beach shall be continually supervised during a Foul Weather Patrol All equipment shall be maintained in an active status and available to immediately respond to an emergency or recommence patrolling if the weather clears Foul weather patrols present an opportunity to up skill / refresh members with resuscitation / first aid techniques and perform maintenance tasks on the equipment and building. The Patrol Captain must ensure that members are sufficiently motivated throughout the patrol, especially if the weather is inclement If swimmers and beach users return to the area, normal patrols shall resume immediately Club POM | Page 19
Patrol Operations Manual
3. Dangerous Conditions Patrol An altered Base Patrol due to dangerous weather/surf conditions. On declaring a dangerous conditions patrol the following shall occur:• • • • • • • • • • •
Inform SLS Region The red/yellow flags are to be removed from the beach Clubs should not ‘cross’ their patrol flags to indicate a ‘closed beach’. Flags must be removed from the beach or out of public view The IRB/s shall be maintained on the beach The red “no swimming” flag is to be flown from the tower or clubhouse flagpole All equipment shall be maintained in a front line and active status, available to immediately respond to an emergency, undertake preventative actions or recommence patrolling if conditions become safe “No Swimming” signage to be placed in the usual swimming areas, at intervals along the beach and at all main beach access ways The patrol ‘message board’ shall read “Beach Closed – Dangerous Conditions” Lifeguards shall maintain positions of surveillance in the tower, to identify preventative actions and persons at risk Roving Patrols shall be utilised to provide safety advice and preventative actions along the beach Lifeguards shall be positioned on the beach to advise the public
4. Roving Patrol A transient patrol method whereby a mobile lifesaving unit sourced from the Base Patrol, travels along the coastline (via land or water) surveying adjacent areas of water/beach.
5.
•
Minimum requirements – Foot Patrol - Qualified Surf Lifeguard (refreshed) - Radio + aqua-bag - Rescue tube and fins - Basic First Aid Kit (gloves, resus mask, pen/paper)
•
Minimum requirements – ATV Roving Patrol Qualified Surf Lifeguard (refreshed) Appropriate drivers licence Adherence to maximum capacity (as per ATV owners manual) Radio + aqua-bag Rescue tube and fins (gloves, resus mask, pen/paper) First Aid Kit, AED, O2
•
Minimum Requirements – IRB Roving Patrol - Qualified IRB Driver (refreshed) - Qualified Surf Lifeguard as crew (minimum) - Radio + aqua-bag
Outpost Patrol A patrol method where supervision is established at ‘other’ areas of coastline with no defined (flagged) patrol area, as an extension of the “Base Patrol”. •
Minimum Requirements - Direct radio communication with the Base Patrol - An outpost patrol shall not erect a designated (flagged) patrolled area - 2 surf lifeguards (refreshed) - At least one lifeguard shall be aged 16 years or over Club POM | Page 20
Patrol Operations Manual •
2 rescue tubes, 2 pairs of fins, 1 radio and aqua-bag, 1 binoculars, Sunscreen, First Aid Kit
Minimum Equipment - 2 x Rescue Tubes - 2 Pairs of Fins - 1 x Radio & Aqua bag - 1 x Binoculars - First Aid Kit - Sunscreen
6. Satellite Patrol A patrol method whereby an additional and defined (flagged) swimming area is established as an extension to the ‘Base Patrol’. A Satellite Patrol may be established on a needs basis (sunny, high patronage days) – as determined by the PC and Club POM or as a consistent service provision (with minimum patrol dates and times) as stipulated within the Clubs Patrol Operations Manual. •
Minimum Requirements - Direct radio communication with the Base Patrol - An outpost patrol shall erect a designated (flagged) patrolled area - 2 surf lifeguards (refreshed)
•
Minimum Equipment - 2 x Rescue Tubes - 2 Pairs of Fins - 1 x Radio & Aqua bag - 1 x Binoculars - First Aid Kit and portable oxygen kit - Sunscreen and Sunshade - Patrol Flags
5.6 SURF LIFEGUARD AT WATERS EDGE At all times during patrol when the public are swimming between the flags there shall be at least one lifeguard with rescue tube and fins at or near the waters edge on foot no further from the water than the Red and Yellow Flags or on a mobile tower that has been placed on the beach between the flags. It is acceptable for the lifeguard to be in the water near the flagged area so long as the lifeguard has a rescue tube and fins and is clearly marked with a yellow “SURF LIFEGUARD”’ emblazoned rash shirt. This requirement is suspended during dangerous conditions patrol as there should be no Red and Yellow Flags on the beach. Personnel may still be required in/near the water at Patrol Captains discretion.
5.7 STANDARD INCIDENT RESPONSE PROCEDURE INCIDENT Near Drowning
Car Accident
• • • • •
RESPONSE PLAN Remove victim from water. Check ABC’s. Call SurfCom and request Ambulance and administer resuscitation as required. Ensure crowd control with spare guards, liaise with ambulance staff as required Check scene safety. Ensure no power lines, petrol, or fire in immediate vicinity. Assess priority of treatment of victims (triage). Call SurfCom and request Ambulance + Police + Fire as required. Administer First Aid as required, taking special caution on possible spinal damage. Only move such victims from the Club POM | Page 21
Patrol Operations Manual environment if they are in further immediate danger. • If visible, attempt to get a basic description of what the offender(s) looked like i.e., height, build, hair colour, license plate number. Assault • If in no immediate danger, apply First Aid as required, call SurfCom and request police as soon as possible. • Evacuate building as quickly and as orderly as possible. Attempt to contain fire if possible. • Wait in a safe place away from hotspot. • Call SurfCom and request NZ Fire Service as soon as possible. Fire • Treat burns or other injuries as required, call ambulance if any serious injuries. Take special care of possible smoke inhalation. If you suspect any person has been exposed and inhaled to thick smoke, refer to medical centre or call ambulance. • If remains are in no danger of being lost (i.e.-sunk) leave remains exactly as you found them. Call SurfCom and liaise as required with emergency services. • At all times ensure the safety of all members, both physically and psychologically, is maintained. Death Ensure no comment is made to media agencies. • Delegated club official to engage the district critical incident stress debrief (CISD) protocols to ensure all members involved are put on to counselling or therapy where needed. • There are various methods to respond in an aquatic rescue scenario (IRB, TUBE etc). • The primary objective of a rescue is to get a) a flotation device (Tube, IRB, Board); and b) control of the patient as quickly as possible. Rescue • It is important that clear decisions are made as to how lifesaving resources (both lifeguards and equipment) are used in a rescue response to ensure a) safety of responding lifeguards; b) successful rescue of the patient; and c) maintenance of a safe patrolled swimming area during the rescue response. • Patrol Captain to delegate people and equipment. • Deploy IRB executing standard mass rescue procedure. (IRB picks up the two victims; Mass Rescue crewperson removes tube and stays with other victim(s) and so on). • Provide flotation device (rescue tube) to all patients in water ASAP to aid survival. • Patrol Captain to send experienced lifeguards where possible. Driver should position the IRB near rocks. • Crewperson should jump out in safe water away from rocks with tube/fins connected, and climb onto rocks when swell rises on rock. Rock Rescue • Crewperson to clip victim into tube, and together jump off into water when swell rises on rock and rendezvous with the IRB. • In this instance, no lifeguard is to attempt a rock entry if conditions, in the lifeguard’s best judgement, pose a serious risk to him / herself or the patient. • Patrol Captain to attempt radio contact. If no response, patrol captain to contact SurfCom deploy IRB Missing a second IRB with radio and towrope (if possible). After any incident response, the patrol captain should lead an incident debrief to ensure members learn from any experiences, improve response skills and recognise members that played an important role in the incident response.
5.8 INFLATABLE RESCUE BOAT (IRB) OPERATIONS The Inflatable Rescue Boat on patrol must be fully operational, “run up” and positioned on the beach ready for immediate response in an emergency. Lifejackets will be situated close to the craft ready for immediate use by the IRB crew. PFD's (Personal Floatation Devices) or lifejackets that meet NZS 5823:1989 shall be worn at all times when operating an IRB, regardless of whether a wetsuit is worn. Each Club is to maintain three (3) lifejackets per IRB hull. Lifejackets must be kept in good repair and appropriately stored when not in use.
Club POM | Page 22
Patrol Operations Manual Each IRB hull on patrol shall have two paddles, a rescue tube, functioning “roll-over ropes”, a functioning “bow rope”, fuel bladder and a blunt-tip knife on board stored in the purpose designed secure fittings on the hull. For all non-rescue IRB activities, ensure that the clubs "IRB Training in progress" sign is on the beach near the training location. There must always be a qualified and refreshed IRB driver onboard an IRB when in use. When training new operators, there shall be a qualified and currently refreshed operator acting as crewperson. An additional operator and crew shall be available on the beach to supervise the training with another IRB for safety. The age at which candidates can sit their IRB Operators exam is 16 years. Only a qualified IRB operator or a qualified and refreshed lifeguard (for the purpose of training) shall operate an IRB. In accordance with NZ Maritime law no person under the age of 15 years may drive an IRB.
5.9 ALL TERRAIN VEHILCES (ATV) All ATV operators shall hold a current motorcycle or driver’s license (restricted or full). All ATV operators should wear an approved helmet when operating an ATV. The vehicle shall carry the following lifesaving equipment: a. First Aid and resuscitation equipment b. Rescue Tube and swim fins c. Handheld radio protected by a waterproof pouch or base radio mounted to the vehicle The vehicle is recommended to carry the following lifesaving equipment: a. Loud Hailer / PA System b. Reversing beeper ATV Operating Procedures • • • • • •
• •
SLS Vehicles may not exceed any set beach speed limits as set by authorities. High patronage areas – SLS vehicles may not exceed walking speed (5kph) when in highpatronage areas (i.e. close to flagged area’s, on crowded beach areas) Low patronage areas – SLS vehicles shall not use excessive speed (& may not exceed 30kph) when driving in low-patronage areas (unpopulated area of beach / low patronage day) Speed shall only be used in an emergency situation or matter of urgency and at all times the driver must take every precaution to ensure safety of themselves, passengers and all other beach users. Headlights and Hazard Lights shall be “on” at all times whilst the vehicle is operating SLS members shall adhere to all legal requirements and the operating procedures outlined in the owners/operators manual for each respective ATV/ Quad bike – including but not limited to: • Licensing for drivers; • Wearing of safety helmets; • Number of passengers; • Carriage of equipment; • Operating environment and suitability for terrain; • Speed; • Towing capability; and • Wearing of safety equipment (e.g. footwear). It is important to remember that most beaches are also considered roads by local authorities. During high patronage days, cones should be used to designate a vehicle zone through relevant areas (from tower to flags/waters edge/low patronage area) ATV is to keep to one set of tracks below the waterline where possible
Club POM | Page 23
Patrol Operations Manual • • • •
• •
•
The preferred colour scheme ATV’s shall be red or yellow with identification words “Surf Rescue” on the front, sides and rear of the vehicle. Writing should be yellow in colour (or red where an ATV is yellow in colour) Safety information labels shall be considered as permanent parts of the vehicle. If a label comes off or is hard to read, contact your dealer for a replacement Sponsorship signage should not interfere with the visibility of identification and safety information labels Maintenance shall be carried out in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions, although, more regular maintenance will be needed to combat the harsh conditions of operating in a beach environment. The condition of the equipment also impacts on the public image of surf lifesaving. It is important that ATV operators ensure the vehicle is in good condition at all times. Fuel shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines and shall be stored in an appropriate container in a suitable location. New Zealand fuel storage guidelines must be adhered to Passengers are not to be carried on the ATV unless permitted by the manufacturer’s specifications. Never exceed the stated load limits for an ATV. Cargo should be properly distributed and securely attached. Reduce speed and follow instructions for carrying cargo or towing a trailer. Allow greater distances for braking. Always inspect the ATV each time before use to make sure it is in a safe operating condition. Always follow the inspection and maintenance procedures described in the ATV owner’s manual
It is the responsibility of the clubs operating ATV’s to have them registered and licensed under Registration class EA for 6 to 15 months at a time. This is important and can affect insurance. Forms may be collected from the AA, AMI, Vehicle Testing NZ and Vehicle Inspection NZ. Phone the Motor Registration Centre on 0800 108 809 if you have any queries. Although not requiring a warrant of fitness, certain equipment must be maintained to WOF standard.
5.10 LOST / MISSING PERSON OR VESSEL Search and Rescue Operations should only be carried out if the Patrol has the confidence and training to deal with the situation. If in any doubt, SurfCom should be contacted promptly. Before conducting a search, the patrol must ensure the safety of patrons in the patrolled area. There are three types of searches surf lifeguards are often called on to carry out: Lost Person: Where a family member, friend, guardian, or external agency (Police, Coastguard) approaches the lifeguard/patrol and reports a person missing (either ‘on land’ or ‘in-water’). Found Person: Where the patrol either a) is approached by a member of the pubic who has lost their group / parent / guardian; b) comes across someone who appears distressed and lost; or 3) when a member of the public finds the child/person and hands them over to a patrol member. Missing Vessel: Where lifeguards are asked (by a member of the public or an external agency) to assist with the search of a marine vessel identified as missing. It is not recommended to carryout night time activities unless trained in Night Operation Procedures.
Club POM | Page 24
Patrol Operations Manual The surf lifeguard / patrol member should initially follow the following escalating procedure for a lost of found person: • • • • • •
Action Critical Information Gathering Preliminary Observation / Scan Secondary Information Gathering Initial Search Activate EMS (SurfCom) Coordinated Search by patrol captain until external agency arrives and takes command.
Suggested Timeframe 0 – 2 minutes 2 – 5 minutes 5 – 10 minutes 10 minutes
Information Gathering Critical Information you need to obtain from the informant about the missing person / vessel: a. Name(s) / Nicknames or name of Vessel b. Last known point (where was the person / vessel last seen?) c. General Description (e.g. height, weight, hair colour) or Vessel Description Secondary Information you need to obtain and pass on to members of the patrol team / Police: a. What they were wearing last (clothing, togs etc) b. Last time they were seen and by whom? c. Does the missing person have any known medical problems (Diabetes, Epilepsy etc)? d. Swimming ability (Experienced, Good, Average, Poor) e. Does the missing person have any floatation equipment with them (boogie board etc)? f. How well do they know the area? g. Where has the informant already looked? h. Contact details of the informant (Name, Address, Phone Number, Date of Birth) i. For a missing vessel, ask what was the intended travel route Please remember to keep the informant with a member of the patrol at all times. The Police will want to speak with the informant if the missing person has not been found before the Police arrive. Many missing persons are found quickly (especially children) in nearby areas and can be located promptly by conducting a “likely point” search. This can be conducted promptly. As each area has been cleared the “likely point” search team should report to the Patrol Captain. Direct the family and friends, available lifeguards (and bystanders if necessary) to check: a. b. c. d. e. f.
The missing person's home Changing rooms Playground (if a child) Picnic areas Shop / Kiosk Car park / missing person’s vehicle
Formulate a Search Plan (an example is provided below on the next page).
Always ensure the safety of the patrolled area before allocating patrol resources (lifeguards and equipment) to a search.
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Example Search Plan Search Team Alpha
Bravo Charlie
Delta
Hazards to watch out for
Search Area Track to Waimama Bay and Waimama Bay Coastline From Lagoon to Waimama Bay Carpark, Kiosk, Playground
Rough terrain Wear boots
Team Members (List) Sally Nigel Nathan Dylan
Large Surf and Rocks
Mike Danny
Traffic
Richard Samantha
Traffic
Haydn Tasha
Missing Persons home
Search commenced at: (time)
Search Type
Call Sign (Radio)
Track search + 2m either side
Whiritoa Alpha
1000
Whiritoa Inflatable
1005
Whititoa Charlie
1005
Whiritoa Delta.
1010
Shoreline sweep and scan in IRB Walk around areas and search Drive to persons home. Keep eye to/from incase missing person in transit.
5.11 LOST PROPERTY From time to time members of the public hand in lost valuables or items of clothing to the Patrol. In other situations, surf lifeguards may pick up items whilst undertaking patrolling duties that appear lost. In both situations, confirm that the owner of the property is not in the immediate vicinity. Check the item for ownership information (such as ID in a wallet, name on clothing, engraving on jewelry). The item which is handed in to the patrol by a member of the public is to be recorded into a ‘Lost Property Register’ with the following information: • • • •
Item Name and description Date /Time handed in Location the item was found (either by the lifeguard or member of public) Name, Address, Phone Number of the person who handed the item in
The item should then be locked away in a secure manner. If the item is valuable such as jewelry, watch, cell phone, wallet/purse, or money, the NZ Police must be contacted and they will arrange pick up of the valuables. Items, which are not deemed to be ‘valuable’, are to be kept in a secure manner. At some stage during the patrol contact the NZ Police and seek advice on what to do with the items. If a member of the public reports a lost valuable item, record their details into the ‘Lost Property Register’ and include: • • • •
Item Name and description Date /Time the item was lost Location the item was lost or last seen Name, Address, Phone Number of the person who has lost the item
If a member of the public wishes to claim an item of lost property that has been handed in then collect the following information and record into the ‘Lost Property Register’: Club POM | Page 26
Patrol Operations Manual a. Name (obtain identification if possible) b. Address c. Telephone Number It is important that the person claiming the items can give an accurate description of the items involved. If you are unsure about the authenticity of the person claiming the items, refer it to the police.
5.12 SAND STRUCTURE COLLAPSE The purpose of this guideline is to outline the hazards associated with digging sand holes at the beach and to highlight how patrol members can control it as a risk. Sand structures/digging cause hazards because: • Sand obscures and exposes other hidden hazards such as glass, munitions, sharp objects and other items that may have been buried. • Sand can become unstable when nearing down towards sea level (creates movement) • Sand is unstable and can’t be trusted as it may collapse at any time without warning (especially hazardous with tunnels) • A toddler is obscured from view when digging inside a deep hole and cannot be seen in the event of a collapse. Holes/Tunnels prevent uneven surfaces to surf lifeguard when responding to an incident on foot or while operating vehicles/ATV, especially in times of poor light, bright sunlight or when attention is diverted out to sea. • Digging into the side of a sand dune creates an unstable overhang that can collapse at any time. Guidelines for patrol members: • Discourage deep sand digging where possible • Act proactively by talking to parents or caregivers if a potential sand structure collapse risk is identified (i.e. a large hole or tunnel with children playing inside). • Ensure your surf club has a few shovels/spades that could be used in the event of a sand structure collapse. • Encourage children and parents to fill in any holes that have been created to minimise the risk to lifeguards during the response to an emergency. In the event of a sand structure collapse: • Send other members to get digging equipment / oxygen equipment from surf club • Ask bystanders/witness about location and depth any people thought to be trapped under sand. • Use bystanders and all available lifeguards to clear sand with hands as quickly as possible. • Be careful when using digging equipment (spades and shovels) as these may seriously injure the person underneath. Use digging equipment in a sweeping motion to push sand away (rather than a digging motion or stabbing the spade/shovel into the sand). • Once the trapped person is found, remove from the hole/tunnel immediately. • Check and maintain Airway, Breathing, Circulation (apply oxygen if needed) • Depending on the length of time the person spends submerged in sand, refer the patient for a medial examination at the closest medical centre
5.13 BODY RECOVERY PROTOCOL – also see Policy SLS005 Dealing with fatalities and human remains is an unfortunate event that may be faced by surf lifeguards. Patrolling lifeguards may be requested by the Police to become involved in the recovery of human remains either on land or in water. Depending on water temperature, depth and currents, a body in the water will normally sink and then with decomposition over 36-72 hours, gas will be
Club POM | Page 27
Patrol Operations Manual released and the body will float. Cold water slows tissue degeneration and deeper water compresses gases. Patrol Captain Considerations: In the first instance the Patrol Captain must decide if it is absolutely necessary to handle a body. The Police ask that human remains are interfered with only if they will otherwise be lost. Even so, it is at the Patrol Captains discretion to decide to intervene in what can be an extremely traumatic task for lifeguards. Considerations may include;
Minimising impact on lifeguards Likelihood of losing contact with the remains Experience, age and maturity of lifeguards present
In all cases, human remains should be handled with dignity and respect. Beyond the considerations of rescue and resuscitation attempts, crowd control and privacy is a key factor. What to Expect from Police Police work as agents of the Coroner and must collect information relating to deaths to establish who has died, where they died, how they died and when they died. Police will take charge of the scene and organise the transportation of the remains from the scene. Dealing with human remains is the responsibility of the Police, not surf lifeguards. However, lifeguards are the experts in the surf environment and can offer substantial assistance to Police when human remains are in the water. Furthermore lifeguards can minimise crowd exposure to the remains during the time it takes for Police to arrive at the scene to protect the psychological wellbeing of members of the public and other lifeguards.
Three Likely Situations 1. Recently living: Less than 30 minutes estimated submerged in water. Lifeguards involved with rescue and/or resuscitation attempt. Always treat as injured and alive (viable patient) until relieved by Police, Ambulance or Rescue Helicopter paramedics. 2. Recently deceased: More than 30 minutes estimated submerged in water. No Resuscitation attempted. Patrol Captain to look at securing the body if it is in the water and bring the remains to shore. 3. Long Deceased: More than 36 hours estimated submerged in water. If the person is long deceased, the remains may be moderately to highly decomposed making recovery an extremely difficult and distasteful task. Patrol Captain to look at securing the body if it is in the water and bring the remains to shore if it is safe to do so. Lifeguard Safety It is inappropriate to risk life, psychological or physical injury or equipment damage in body recovery operations. If proceeding, a risk of infection exists and the use of gloves is highly recommended. Lifeguards involved in operational activities should be aware of critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) that aids in maintaining psychological wellbeing. Surf Life Saving Clubs should consider maintaining a body recovery kit that includes: Body bag Arm length gloves (2 pairs) Blanket/Sheet Plastic bags Face masks (cloth) Disinfectant Body Bags and gloves are available from: Regal Manufacturers Ltd, 17 Collins Ave Linden Wellington (04) 232 8168. Body Recovery Basics Club POM | Page 28
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• • • •
In Water Assess Situation Recover body if possible Minimise direct contact with body If no recovery is possible mark or note location and if possible, maintain contact/sight of the body
• • •
On land Assess Situation If necessary ensure body is retrieved above waterline If body must be moved, note any details and keep as close as possible to the original site
General Principles The body should be disturbed as little as possible The Police should be notified as soon as practicable Isolate the area Consider: Members of the public Relatives/friends The deceased person Note locations, times and other relevant details Keep any witnesses close to scene or take contact details Transport Arrangements Transport of human remains is the responsibility of the Police.
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5.14 SERIOUS ACCIDENTS / INCIDENTS A serious incident may be as follows:• • • • • •
Missing aquatic user or missing person last seen in the water or a missing child last seen close to the water Aquatic/land based death in your area that has involved lifeguard interaction (both within and outside patrol hours) Unconscious patient that is treated by the patrol or a surf club member Major incident/accident involving patrol members or the general public Any unusual incident Any trauma counselling/peer debrief of Surf Club members
In the event of an incident, the situation must be treated as serious. Members must be vigilant, follow set guidelines and take appropriate action to minimise the possibility of such accidents. If an incident occurs, it is essential to: • • • • • • •
Take necessary action to bring the victim to safety and apply appropriate first aid treatment in accordance with SLSNZ standard procedures and training Activate EMS ambulance/helicopter as appropriate Obtain names and address of independent (non-club) witnesses and, if possible, written statements Work with SLSNZ to complete a debrief and review Compile detailed reports including SLSNZ paperwork and forward to your CDO or Regional Programmes and Services Manager as soon as possible Direct any media enquiries to SLSNZ Under no circumstances is any club member to admit liability or negligence
As soon as the immediate problem of the accident is controlled, the senior club officer must take full notes of the incident. Use the appropriate SLSNZ Report Form/s to assist with the collection of relevant information
Times Sea conditions Wind direction Persons involved Names and addresses of witnesses
Sequence of events Purpose and use of equipment Crew/Operator Speed of Craft, etc Ensure all log books are completed
In most case a representative from SLSNZ will be Able to assist with this
5.15 INFORMING SLSNZ OF A SERIOUS INCIDENT Immediately report the incident to SurfCom who will alert the Duty Officer. They will decide to either attend in person or send a nominated representative to the scene and coordinate communication with SLSNR and SLSNZ staff. The representative will begin to gather information on the incident to complete an initial report. This initial report must be forwarded to SLSNZ within 24hrs and must contain at least the following information:
Location Time Date Number of Patients Name of Patients
Age of Patients Gender of Patients Brief circumstances Type of rescue equipment used The hospital the patient/s transported to Club POM | Page 30
Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: PAT006
SUBJECT: Lifeguard Protection
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
6.1
TOTAL PAGES: 4
CRITICAL INCIDENT STRESS DEBRIEFING (CISD) – also see Policy SLS020
Major incidents or trauma often affects individuals and groups of individuals. Following such an incident there may be a requirement for early intervention CISD. What may appear minor to one person may seem very stressful to another, so in all cases exercise the benefit of the doubt. Post trauma reactions are normal. Up to 80% of employees exposed to trauma can experience difficulties in the days and weeks afterwards. They develop in people facing stress, threat or loss and are responses that help the person to cope. They can be unpleasant and distressing at the time, however, these reactions usually start to settle down after a few days or weeks. Post trauma reactions can include the following: Withdrawal Numbness, depression Withdrawal from family & friends Avoidance of incident site
Re-experiencing Fear of returning to patrol Intrusive thoughts of event Flashbacks & nightmares Hyper-alertness
Other Reactions Difficulty in handling patrol Patrol-related accidents Sleep difficulties Irritability and outbursts Memory loss Concentration lapses Physical problems Alcohol/Substance abuse Health problems Change in appetite
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing A defusing session can be on an individual basis but is normally in a group session. The focus is to normalise the trauma and develop appropriate support. A debriefing is a group meeting designed to prevent long term post trauma psychological consequences. Debriefings are normally of limited duration (approximately 90 minutes). The debriefing accommodates those experiencing the incident with emphasis on coping skills and self-referrals for further assistance. Post-Trauma Counselling Counselling sessions are extensions of debriefings and include continued discussion of the traumatic event, post-trauma consequences and further development of coping skills. Some people who participate in a debriefing require further services in the form of individual counselling. This is available as part of the free service to members and it is preferred that you arrange this through SLSNZ by contacting your Club Development Officer. All inquiries into this free service will be treated in the strictest of confidence. EAP Services have been contracted to provide this service to our membership. Please arrange CISD work through the Lifesaving Manager
6.2 LIFEGUARD DEHYDRATION It is important to take in sufficient fluids during the course of a patrol. An active day in the coastal environment places greater demand for fluid intake on the body. Failure to drink sufficient fluid can lead to short and long term health problems. Club POM | Page 31
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As many as three quarters of people are chronically dehydrated. In a third of the population, the thirst mechanism is so weak that it is often mistaken for hunger. Even mild dehydration will slow down the metabolism as much as 3%. Lack of water is the number one trigger of daytime fatigue. Research shows 8-10 glasses of water daily, significantly eases back and joint pain for up to 80% of sufferers. A 2% drop in body water can trigger fuzzy short-term memory, trouble with basic math, and difficulty focusing on computer screens or a printed page. Drinking 5 glasses of water daily decreases the risk of colon cancer by 45%, slashes the risk of breast cancer by 79%, and bladder cancer by 50%.
6.3 EXPOSURE ON THE BEACH & IN THE WATER There is little risk from polluted water, although washing after immersion may be justified. Water quality at river/harbour mouths and estuaries where sewage outflows are common, pose the greatest (yet still small) risk and lifeguards may be at risk from water borne diseases such as Hepatitis A, faecal colloform, campylobacter, E coli, cryptosporidiosis, and giardiasis. Neglecting to keep up immunity to tetanus with periodic booster doses of tetanus vaccine can result in the contraction of the acute, and often fatal tetanus disease that occurs worldwide. It affects the central nervous system, producing both the stiffness or muscular rigidity and convulsive muscle spasm, the symptoms of which usually occur 5 to 10 days after infection. The most frequent symptom is a stiff jaw, caused by spasm of the muscle that closes the mouth accounting for the disease's familiar name "lockjaw." Muscle stiffness all over the body may follow. An infected person may also have other symptoms: difficulty swallowing, restlessness and irritability, stiff neck, arms or legs, fever, headache, and sore throat. Spores are tough to kill and highly resistant to heat and the usual antiseptics that treat wounds. Tetanus bacteria may enter the body through a puncture wound or scratch. In the presence of dead tissue, tetanus spores reproduce and manufacture a poison (exotoxin) that travels through the body and causes tetanus symptoms. Though tetanus bacteria are found everywhere in the environment, in soil, street dust, and in animal intestines and faeces - natural immunity to the disease is rare. This is why immunisation is so important. People older than 7 years should receive tetanus toxoid as part of the tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) for adult use, both for the primary series and for booster doses every 10 years.
6.4 DISEASE RISK New Zealand surf lifeguards are active in waters of questionable cleanliness (rivers/beaches/harbour mouths), and directly interacting with patients of varying condition (injured, deceased, decomposing). At all times it is critical that surf lifeguards consider their own welfare (including taking precautions to reduce potential risks) before entering potentially hazardous environments.
Disease without Vaccines i.
Meningococcal disease: People often carry the meningococcal bacteria harmlessly in their nose and throat without getting ill. As many as two people in every 10 may carry the bacteria in their throats. This figure can sometimes be as high as five in every 10 in specific communities. The bacteria (meningococci) can be spread by close contact with someone who is carrying it. This happens usually without causing harm. Close contact means: Sharing food, drink or utensils, kissing or sharing spit from whistles, chewing gum etc. From a life guarding position CPR without mask protection and the daily duty of lifesaving (sharing drinks etc) brings this disease into greater risk than for members of the public. Club POM | Page 32
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ii.
HIV/AIDS: HIV is can be spread through internal contact with infected blood and bodily fluids. Patient Haemorrhaging is the major risk to a lifeguard, skin to blood contact should be avoided.
iii.
Herpes: A viral infection around the mouth/face, Herpes can pose a risk to any lifeguards performing unprotected CPR. Always use a barrier when undertaking any form of CPR or rescue breathing. Hepatitus B Immunisation Hepatitis B has been identified by the Ministry of Health as a disease lifeguards are potentially at risk from. Hepatitis B is the most common serious liver infection in the world. It is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that attacks the liver. The virus is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids that contain blood. This can occur through direct blood-to-blood contact, unprotected sex, illicit drug use, and from an infected woman to her newborn during the delivery process. HBV is 100 times more infectious than the AIDS virus. Hepatitis B can be prevented with a safe and effective vaccine. As a health care or emergency worker, you are at risk for contracting HBV. Because of the nature of your job, you are more likely than most people to come into contact with infected blood. HBV is a DNA virus which causes liver disease. Like HIV, HBV lives in body fluids such as blood, semen and vaginal secretions. However, HBV is 100 times easier to transmit. In fact, your chances from being infected from a single contaminated needle stick for AIDS is 0.5 percent - for hepatitis B your chance is 20 to 33 percent. In the USA alone, while less than one health care worker is infected by HIV each year, 1,000 health care workers contract hepatitis B each year (as of 1994). Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. All lifeguards should be immunized against Hepatitis B. This is achievable through independent action or a combined club initiative. Funding for immunizations can be sought through club funding applications. Clubs can approach a private medical facility and organise blood tests for all lifeguards. The steps are; 1. Immunity level blood test: Identifies if you are infected with the disease or your level of immunity. Those already immune need no further action (most younger people into their mid 20’s should have been immunised already). 2. Those without immunity or with carrier status will need a course of injections as follows; One immediately One a month later The last injection is needed 5 months after the second Action Blood Test If status is below immunity level… Nurse Fee First Injection Second Injection Third Injection Hepatitis B Hepatitis A Hepatitis A&B combined (Twinrix):
Time Immediately
Approximate Cost Free
Immediately Immediately After One month Five months later
$10 per person $30 per person $30 per person $30 per person Course of three injections + Admin fee = $100 Course of three injections + Admin fee = $265 Course of three injections + Admin fee = $235
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6.5 POST EXPOSURE / INCIDENT ACTION Following injury lifeguards should seek medical advice; your doctor will access the injury and recommend the suitable treatment, usually an injection. If a lifeguard feels they have been put at risk through lifesaving duties they are encouraged to follow the following risk minimisation protocol: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Minimise any continuing risk to yourself, shower/clean/disinfect Inform your patrol captain of what you are doing Patrol Captain will report all blood body fluid accidents e.g needle stick, splash in eye Visit your local GP or any medical clinic ASAP Explain the situation and request the relevant blood tests. You will be charged a consultation fee for this 6. Your local medical centre will refer you a diagnostic Med lab for blood tests; the tests will be free of charge 7. Fill out a SLSNZ Accident and Incident Report as well as a SLSNZ Incident Report and send these along with any proof of expenditure (receipts etc) relating to the incident to your Club Development Officer.
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SECTION B: Search and Rescue Operations 7.0
Callout Squad Information
7.1
Callout Squad Activation
7.2
Callout Squad Key Contacts
7.3
Callout Squad Members (Surf Lifeguards)
7.4
Callout Squad Members (Patrol Support)
8.0
Callout Squad Geography & Response Times
8.1
Callout Response Area Map
8.2
Estimated Response Time
9.0
Search & Rescue Operations
9.1
Overview
9.2
New Zealand Coordinated Management System (CIMS)
9.3
Emergency Services Liaison (ISBAR)
9.4
Briefing Teams on the Response to an Incident (SMEAC)
9.5
Specific Hazards Relating to Callout
10.0
Search & Rescue Equipment
10.1
Minimum Equipment for Callout
10.2
Minimum Equipment for Offshore Incidents
10.3
Minimum Equipment for Night Operations
10.4
Personal Protective Equipment
11.0
General Procedures for Callout & SAR
12.0
Standard Procedure for Land-based SAR
13.0
Standard Procedure for Inshore Marine SAR
14.0
Standard Procedure for Offshore Marine SAR
15.0
Standard Procedure for Night Operations
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Omaha Beach SLSC SAR Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: SAR007
SUBJECT: Callout Squad Information
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 2
7.1 CALLOUT SQUAD ACTIVATION Omaha Beach SLSC Callout Squad is activated by SurfCom via TXT-PAGE and radio call to club. In the event of this system failing, the backup activation system is from SurfCom via phone.
7.2 CALLOUT SQUAD KEY CONTACTS Club Position Callout Squad Coordinator
Name Kevin Blair
Cell Phone 021-1914516
Callout Squad Equipment Officer
Pete McCormick
021-2164924
Club Captain
Kevin Blair
021-1914516
SLSNR Contact
David Butt
021507144
SLSNR Contact
Chase Cahalane
021508688
Regional SLS Duty Officer
Delta 1
Via Radio
Alternative Phone 09-4258109 09-4258109
7.3 CALLOUT SQUAD MEMBERS (SURF LIFEGUARDS) Our Clubhouse Phone Number: Club Key? (y/n)
IRB Driver? (y/n)
Y
Y
Julian Ostling
After hours
021-507621
Y
Y
Kevin Porter
After hours
021-425712
Y
Y
Pete McCormick
After Hours
0212164924
Y
N
Frank Maher
After hours
0210236103 4
Y
N
Kevin Blair
After hours
0211914516
Y
N
Matt Hunt
After Hours
0273225272
Y
Y
Graham Garner
After hours
021916286
Name
Availability? All Day After-hrs/weekends
Cell Phone
Phone (day)
Phone (night)
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Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: SAR008
SUBJECT: Callout Squad Geography and Response Times
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 2
8.1 CALLOUT RESPONSE AREA MAP
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8.2 ESTIMATED RESPONSE TIMES Grid Reference D4
Estimated Response Time (During Patrolling Hours) 3 mins
Estimated Response Time (After-hours) 25 mins
Causeway Bridge
F3
3 mins - car 8 mins - IRB
10 mins - car 30 mins - IRB
Pink Beach
F5
5 mins
25 mins
Te Point
D5
10 mins
30 mins
H6-7
25 mins
45 mins
Matheson Bay
C5
15 mins
35 mins
Leigh Reef
C5
15 mins
35 mins
Goat Island
A4
45 mins
1 hour
Location Estuary Mouth
Tawharanui
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: SAR009
SUBJECT: Search and Rescue Operations
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 3
9.1 OVERVIEW OF CALL-OUT Surf Lifeguards may be called upon to respond to incidents and assist the emergency services with search and rescue operations (SAROPs) at any time. For after-hours or out-of-season incidents, club and centralised callout squads undertake these operations. As call-out is additional to SLSNZs publicly committed service, no guarantee is provided to the public or external agencies that lifeguards can respond 24hours/365 days. Surf lifeguards have the right to refuse tasking if they are concerned about safety, do not have the capability to respond, or are in any doubt about their ability to carry out the task. Responding offshore, or in to any aquatic environment at night falls outside surf lifesaving’s normal scope of operations. SLSNZ does not require clubs or callout squads to be equipped for, nor undertake night SAROPs (refer SLS002 - Search and Rescue Operations). Involvement in this type of activity is up to the individual club or callout squad. As many incidents occur in locations or conditions that pose added safety risks to members, additional items of rescue, safety and personal protective equipment may be required (refer SLS02X – Minimum Equipment for SAR).
9.2 NEW ZEALAND COORDINATED INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CIMS) Along with the emergency services, defence force, local and central government, SLSNZ follows the CIMS structure of emergency management. This system was designed primarily to improve the management of the response phase to emergency incidents through better coordination between the major emergency services (ie. Fire, Rural Fire, Police, Ambulance, Civil Defence) and organisations like surf life saving, which have a role in providing an emergency response. CIMS may be used at a variety of incidents including: response to natural hazards, police incidents, fires, multiple casually incidents, air, rail, water or ground transportation accidents, public health and medical incidents, pre-planned events (eg. Concerts) and search and rescue missions. The CIMS model consists of four major components:
Incident Controller
Planning / Intelligence • • • •
Operations
Logistics
Control – the management of the incident Planning and Intelligence – the collection and analysis of incident information and planning of response activities Operations – the direction of an agency’s resources in dealing with the incident Logistics – the provision of facilities, services and materials required to deal with the incident.
The person responsible for the overall direction of response activities and in charge at an incident is known as the Incident Controller. In situations where surf life saving is the lead or first agency on scene, the Patrol Captain or Senior Lifeguard on-scene will assume the role of Incident Controller until relieved by the emergency services. In most search and rescue missions that surf lifeguards are involved in, the Incident Controller will be the Police or Rescue Coordination Centre (RCCNZ).
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9.3 EMERGENCY SERVICES LIAISON (ISBAR) Surf lifeguards can use the ISBAR communication tool when requesting assistance or notifying the emergency services of an incident. It is important to prepare the call or transmission, and know what is going to be said in advance. ISBAR can also be used for briefing personnel as they arrive on-scene. A clear, concise initial request for help can improve the response-time to an incident.
I
Identify
S
Situation
B
What is the reason for your communication / call?
Who are you? What is your role?
A
Assessment
R
Recommend & Request State what you need
What background details about the situation are important for the receiver to know?
What is the level of urgency?
Where are you calling from?
Background
What is your assessment of the situation?
Devise a timespecific action plan Agree on plan
Example: Identify – “My name is John Smith, I am the Patrol Captain at Waipu Cove Surf Life Saving Club” Situation – “I am calling to report one person missing in the surf, last seen 1km North of the Waipu Cove Surf Club. This is an emergency situation” Background – “The missing person is a male swimmer, who was sighted by a member of the public signalling for assistance who was seen going under the water and did not resurface” Assessment – “We have dispatched an IRB and conducted an initial assessment of the scene and not found him” Recommend & Request – “We require immediate air support to assist with the search and Police on-scene to assist with searching the beach and carpark areas. We are setting up and additional IRB and crew to commence a grid search of the last seen point. We recommend contacting Land SAR to assist with searching the coastline if they are available.”
9.4 BRIEFING TEAMS ON THE RESPONSE TO AN INCIDENT (SMEAC) It is important surf lifeguards are fully briefed prior to responding an incident. In some situations, reflex tasking may be required while the incident action plan (IAP) is being developed. SMEAC can be used for initially briefing and organising rescue teams.
S
Situation
M
Mission
E
Execution
A
Admin & Logistics
C
Command, Comms & Check
Example: Situation – “We have a 12-year old boy reported missing 200m South of the estuary, last seen entering water around 1730. Police and Ambulance have been notified. As soon as Police arrive, they will take control.” Mission – “The mission is to locate the missing boy.” Execution – “We will conduct an in-water search using 2 IRBs and a land-based shoreline search along beach, until advised, or until 2130hrs.”
Club POM | Page 3
Patrol Operations Manual Administration & Logistics – “I want three teams; 2 to get the IRBs prepped and the third to do a quick land-based search in areas of high probability (toilets, carpark etc.). All teams kitted out for night time just in case. Call signs: IRB1, IRB2 and ATV. Dave, lead team 1, Johnny team 2, and Lisa team 3.” Command, Communications & Check-in – “I am in command and will run this incident until relieved. All communications will be on VHF69. Field teams report in every 15mins. Does everybody understand the mission? Are there any questions?”
9.5 SPECIFIC HAZARDS RELATING TO CALL-OUT Responding to incidents after-hours can present additional hazards to Surf Lifeguards. Identified hazards and management strategies specific to the callout squads location should be listed below:
HAZARD / INCIDENT Harbour Entrance
LOCATION Northern end of Omaha Beach
Swash Groynes
Northern end of Omaha Beach adjacent to the Harbour Entrance
Pink Beach & Southern Reef
Southern end of Omaha Beach
Southern Cliff Faces Between Omaha Beach and Pink Beach
Ti Point
Peninsula out from Northern End of Omaha Beach
COMMENT Strong seaward current on outgoing tide. The Harbour Entrance is obscured from view by the Swash Groynes. Popular fishing location – can be awash from mid to high tide and during periods of large surf
Pink Beach and the reef are popular with walkers and fishing – be aware that the area can become awash from mid to high tide and during periods of large surf The cliffs at the southern end of the beach are unstable and present a fall hazard to people walking on the reef or above the cliffs. NOTE: Ambulance classify any fall of more than 2m as a Priority 1 / potentially life threatening emergency The cliffs at the end of Ti Point peninsula. Popular
PREVENTITIVE PLAN / EQUIPMENT This area is not usually used by swimmers or small craft, but regular inspection by the IRB crew should be undertaken on busy days or when the P/C deems it appropriate The Swash Groynes should be checked regularly at the same time as the Harbour Entrance, and where appropriate a Beach Guard should provide warnings to members of the public on the rocks. Any persons trapped by the tide at Pink Beach can be walked to safety over the farmland above the cliffs – don’t risk a lifeguard or an IRB attempting a rock rescue when other options exist.
If engaged in an incident near the cliffs attempt to relocate the patient to a safe location. If this is not practical, ensure ALL rescuers are wearing adequate protective clothing including helmets. DO NOT attempt a High Angle Rescue unless you are qualified and are using appropriate equipment.
IRB is the fastest mode of transport to Te Point (3 mins), 30 minute walk from wharf at estuary mouth.
Club POM | Page 4
Patrol Operations Manual for rock climbing and walking. At high tide it is not possible to walk around rocks, people would have to climb the hill.
If presented with an incident at Ti Point, lifeguards should exit IRB from leeward side of Ti Point for protection from elements. Patient will need to be treated and secured at Ti Point before transportation (IRB, by foot or Helo).
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Patrol Operations Manual
Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: SAR010
SUBJECT: Search and Rescue Equipment
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 2
10.1 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT FOR CALL-OUT All clubs must ensure the following minimum equipment is readily available for use by callout squads both during and outside of the patrolling season: Callout equipment must be checked monthly • • •
SLSNZ documentation/forms 1 pair of binoculars Stocked first aid kit
•
Portable oxygen kit
• 3 Rescue Tubes
•
3 pairs of swim fins
• Telephone • Inflatable Rescue Boat / 20L Fuel • 3 life jackets (PFD)
• •
3 radios Spinal board and ‘stiff necks’
Other Recommended Equipment: • •
Rescue vehicle and spare fuel Spare radios on charge.
• •
Backup IRB • Automated External Defibrillator •
Spare oxygen cylinder
10.2 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT FOR OFFSHORE INCIDENTS Offshore can refer to any one or combination of the following: More than 3km from shore, out-of-sight of land, within 3km of shore, but significant distance from base, or outside the patrols normal area of operation. Classification of the incident as offshore will be at the discretion of the patrol captain or senior lifeguard on-scene. Any IRB or RWC responding to an offshore incident is required to carry the following equipment: •
1 VHF radio
• 1 Flare pack, containing red parachute, red pinpoint and orange smoke in a waterproof container
Recommended: GPS enabled personal locator beacon.
10.3 MINIMUM EQUIPMENT FOR NIGHT OPERATIONS Night Operations are any search and rescue activity where surf lifeguards may be required to enter the water, or are already in the water 30 minutes before sunset until sunrise. Every IRB or RWC responding at night shall display navigation lights (either single white masthead or port/starboard/stern) and carry: •
1 VHF radio
• 1 Flare pack, containing red parachute, red pinpoint and orange smoke in a waterproof container
Recommended: GPS enabled personal locator beacon, radar reflector and white parachute illuminating flare.
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10.4 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT The following items are recommended for all lifeguards involved in marine SAR operations: • • • • • •
Full wetsuit Dive gloves or wet boots Fin belt and fins Surf helmet (with reflectors on all sides/top) Day/night combination or mini-projectile flare pack
•
• • • • • • •
Personal strobe light and torch Dive knife and whistle Windproof jacket/protective eyewear Waterproof CPR face shield/glove pack Energy bars/drink bottle Rescue tube (individual issue)
Note: For night marine SAR operations, every lifeguard is required to wear a full wetsuit, reflectorised PFD, and personal strobe light. A surf helmet is also recommended. Clubs and callout squads may specify specific personal protective equipment (PPE) for certain types of incidents: Incident Type Offshore Operations
•
Personal Protective and Safety Equipment Required Full wetsuit and PFD
Night Operations
•
Full wetsuit, personal strobe light and reflectorised PFD
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Omaha Beach SLSC Patrol Operations Manual CONTENT CODE: SAR011
SUBJECT: General Procedures for Call-out and SAR
PUBLISH DATE: 2014
VERSION: 2
TOTAL PAGES: 3
This procedure is designed to: • Provide general guidance for initiating an after-hours rescue or search as a result of a member of the public or emergency service contacting a club directly • Provide reference to the minimum equipment required for various situations such as after-hours rescue, searches, inshore and off shore operations, low-light operations and land-based SAR • Provide minimum requirements to maintain call-out and SAR capability.
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Club POM | Page 9
Patrol Operations Manual PROCEDURE
R
Readiness
•
Ensure club or callout squad maintains accreditation with SLSNZ (submit POM)
•
Ensure all squad members are currently refreshed and maintain a personal state of readiness, including specialised training required for team capability
•
Maintain up-to-date roster of appropriately trained persons on call-out roster
•
Maintain functional operations centre (patrol tower, equipped with pens, paper, maps, white board, incident report forms, telephone etc.)
•
Ensure all rescue equipment kept in state of readiness (refer SLSNZ policy SLS02X)
•
Ensure all specialised SAR equipment (if kept) is maintained in a state of readiness (see specific procedures for off shore operations etc.)
•
Maintain up to date information about local landmarks, changes to rock, sand dune formations and local nicknames of common features and update these in the POM
•
Be prepared to equip IRBs and lifeguards with low light condition equipment if task duration likely to exceed available light time (within 30mins of darkness)
• In event of incident after-hours: Contact appropriate emergency service (Fire, Police, Ambulance, Coastguard etc.)
E
S
C
U
•
Contact Police via 111 system if search required after hours and/or: Initial attempts are negative after 15mins of active searching Missing person is a minor (
