Sealing Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries

Section 1.

A Guide to Slurries

Section 2.

Sealing Off/Onshore Exploration Slurries

Section 3.

Sealing Pulp & Paper Slurries

Section 4.

Sealing Mining & Mineral Slurries

Section 5.

Sealing Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Absorbers, Flue Gas Desulphurization/Scrubbers Lime & Coal Slurries, Ash

Section 6.

Sealing Steel, Corn, Building Services, Plastics, Food and Waste Water Slurries Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

Contents

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Introduction Over the forthcoming decades, it is speculated that many countries will hit a power crisis, whereby demand outstrips supply. As gas prices soar, many countries are reviewing and in some cases like the UK, resurrecting, the use of coal fired power stations to create power for forthcoming generations. The diagram below shows the common processes of a coal fired power station.

Boiler (furnace)

Turbine Steam

Transmission Lines

Coal

Water

Generator Transformer

River Condenser Cooling Water

Condenser Coal Fired Power Station Figure

Coal fired power stations typically burn hard coals; the majority being only bituminous coals, but there is some use of anthracite. Hard coal originated in the Carboniferous period about 345 to 280 million years ago, from vegetable matter (trees and ferns) which has been compacted and heated by geological processes. After processing, coal which is delivered to power stations contains about 15% of alluvial silt by weight that becomes ash after combustion. In modern coal fired boilers, coal is burned by grinding it to the fineness (a similar powder consistency to cement) and then blowing it into the boiler furnace with air. The coal particles burn within 3 to 4 seconds leaving spherical molten beads of ash. The ash particles then start to cool as they pass out of the furnace area with the flue gas.

The boiler is designed so that the ash particles are below their melting temperature as the gas leaves the furnace. The ash becomes a solid bead transported with the combustion gases through the remainder of the boiler. Finally, pulverized fuel ash (PFA) particles are captured from the flue gas by electrostatic precipitators before the gas is allowed to pass to atmosphere. PFA is held in hoppers beneath the precipitators. From here it can be withdrawn as a dry product for direct use in cement or concrete, or it can be “conditioned” by mixing it with up to 18% water. In this slurry form it can be more easily transported to a variety of uses, or stored awaiting sale. Needless to state, rotating equipment is employed in many parts of a coal fired power plant, from agitating and pumping ash slurries to primary fans and blowers. Given the arduous environment in which the rotating equipment operates, the need for quality sealing of both primary and secondary bearing chamber areas is of paramount importance.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 2

Section 5 Introduction

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Non-Slurry Applications AESSEAL® have been sealing all areas the Power Generation Industry since the 1980’s. Some non-slurry sealing examples include: River/Sea Water Circulating Pumps Water is extracted from river by pumps and typically deposited in settling tanks to allow suspended solids to drop out. There after it is used for a number of duties with the power plant, including; • It is pumped to the base of the cooling tower to make up for losses caused by evaporation. 285mm CURC’s installed on River Pumps

• It is fed through condensers, cooling the Boiler Feed water • It is used for the on-site fire-fighting system on site • It feeds the general water service system, which is used to cooling bearings, compressors and fans.

Case Reference Examples •

285mm (11.250”) split case river water pumps operating at ambient temperature, 375 rpm and sealed with single cartridge mechanical seals with Plan 13 installed in 1996

•

9.375” (238mm) vertical seal water circulating pumps operating at ambient temperature, 295 rpm and sealed with single split mechanical seals. Case Ref 3440.

• It is also used to feed the Ash Crusher system • It is also de-mineralised and used for boiler feed duty AESSEAL® have decades of sealing the water and river transfer pumps, throughout the power plant, in all applications.

Boiler Feed/Circulation Pumps

Turbine & Distillate Pumps

SMSS23™

•

Boiler feed water pumps operating at 180ºC (360ºF), 3,570 rpm and at 205 psi (8 bar) seal chamber pressure sealed with single mechanical seals in a Plan 23 cartridge arrangement

•

Main and standby Oil Turbine pumps operating at 33 psi (2.3 bar) sealed with single cartridge seals

•

Distillate pumps operating at 5 bar (73 psi) at 2,960rpm

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries SMSS23™ Cross-section

Section 5

Non-Slurry Applications

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Non-Slurry Applications Condensate Pumps

•

•

Liquid hot condensate pumps from the heater drains in the heat and power plant, operating at 180ºC (360ºF), 1,500rpm and at 15 bar (218 psi) sealed with single mechanical seals in a Plan 23 cartridge arrangement. Condensate drain pumps operating at 80ºC (176ºF) and 1,480 rpm sealed with single cartridge seals.

Cooling Tower & Coal Crusher Gearboxes

Vacuum Pumps

• One 3.500” and two 4.250” CURC™ single cartridge seals (AZA8942 and AZA8941) installed on Nash Liquid Ring Vacuum pumps (WRAP pumps), used to evacuate the power station condensers and traditionally sealed with packing which leaks and impairs pump performance.

Liquid Ring Condenser Extraction Pumps

• •

Cooling tower gearboxes have been successfully sealed in coal fired power stations in the USA, using MagTecta™ bearing seals.

•

Coal crusher gearboxes have been successfully sealed in coal fired power stations in Ireland, using MagTecta™ bearing seals. Case Ref 3269.

Sump Pit Pump

Eight LRCE pumps were sealed using 3.750” CURC™ single cartridge seals (AZA 1574) with an MTBF of 8-10 years.

monolithic stationaries anti vibration set screw drive

Drains Pumps

all stainless steel parts removable setting clip

•

Sixteen KSB submersible pumps with Oil Bath Contamination.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 4

Section 5 Non-Slurry Applications

AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966 www.aesseal.com L-UK/US-SLURRY-03 Issue 3 Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

•

Fourteen 75kw Flygt 3306.665 Drains Pumps upgrade with T05S upper and lower seals.

However, it is the slurry applications and the experience of AESSEAL® sealing the various types of rotating equipment that will now be further detailed.

Coal Conveyors / Pillow Blocks In the first stages of the process, coal has to be transported from storage to the coal crushers. On the outskirts of most coal fired plants, it is not uncommon to see miles of conveying equipment used for this very purpose.

AESSEAL® have a range of bearing seals specifically designed for use in standard pillow block mounts, either as a retrofit or new supply. These pillow block bearing seals, (LabTecta-PB™ and MagTecta-PB™) prevent dust and water contamination of the pillow block bearings therefore maximizing equipment uptime and reducing maintenance/repair costs.

Conveying rolls are often supported by pillow block bearing assemblies which Coal Conveyor incorporate ineffective seals, unable to prevent coal debris and dust migration into the bearings. Pillow Blocks are employed throughout the coal fired plant as shown in the photos to the right. The lower photo shows the debris and contamination around the pillow block. This debris works past the ineffective incumbent pillow block seal, taking the bearings out and creating downtime for the equipment and plant.

Debris entering the pillow block bearings.

Coal Feed Screws Coal feed screws are also employed to transport coal and typically consist of a rotating screw housed in a coal shoot. MagTecta bearing seals were installed on a coal screw in a Coal fired Power generation plant in the Poland in 2006. The previous sealing solution repeatedly failed due to the harsh environment and coal dust. The MagTectas were installed with an air purge system, to push the debris away from the seal keeping the equipment operational when previous sealing solutions failed. See Case Ref. 3461

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries MagTecta™ installed on a coal field screw

Section 5

Coal Conveyors Pillow Block/Coal Screw

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Coal Pulverizer/Crusher & Gearbox Before the coal is can enter the boiler/furnace it needs to be crushed into fine particles, of a similar consistency to cement powder. Driving the coal crushing equipment is a gearbox, similar to the Falk gearbox employed in a power plant in Ireland, shown right. The coal crusher gearbox shafts are traditionally sealed with lipseals which are unable to prevent coal dust migration into the bearing oil and gears. Coal dust and gears/bearings unfortunately bring a whole new meaning to coal crushing as upon debris entry, bearing deterioration rapidly follows. AESSEAL® bearing seals have been installed in coal crusher gearboxes in a coal fired power plant since April 2006. See Case Ref: 3269.

Air Fans There are typically three or four types of Air Fans surrounding the boiler/furnace.

Force Draft (FD) Fans

ID (Induced Draft)

Forced Draft Fans are located within the ductwork system upstream of the boiler. They take air from the atmosphere or boiler enclosure and force it into the boiler combustion. Depending on the size and type of the boiler there are between one and four FD fans with the combustion system.

There are typically between one and four Induced Draft (ID) Fans located within the ductwork system downstream of the boiler, between the precipitator or bag house and the chimney. They pull the flue-gas out of the boiler and through the precipitator and push it through the scrubber and to atmosphere through the chimney or stack.

Gas Recirculation (GRF) Fans

Primary Air (PA) Fans

Some power stations have one or two Gas Recirculation Fans in the combustion system. These fans return a portion of the combustion flue-gas from the boiler outlet to the boiler furnace for steam temperature control and control of NOx formation.

Clearly to create combustion/energy, the boilers need a fuel source (coal powder) and oxygen. From the photo below, the primary air fans ducting is shown as the square, right-angled construction that feeds into the top of the cylindrical boiler.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 6

Coal Pulverizer/Crusher

Section 5 Air Fans AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966

Aerial view of the boiler and PA fan location.

www.aesseal.com

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The Primary Air (PA) Fan, shown below, is located upstream of the boiler, usually adjacent to the FD fans. They take air/oxygen from the atmosphere or FD fan discharge and force it through the coal pulverizers, picking up the coal powder and directing it into the boiler for burning. There is usually one or two PA fans in a coal fired power station.

LabTecta Case Reference 3389 Industry: Application: Previous solution:

Coal Fired Power Plant PA Fan OEM labyrinth

A coal fired power station in the UK had problems with oil leaking out of the bearing housing on their Primary Air fans. The leaking oil created a multitude of problems not least, it was a plant health and safety hazard. The customer required a split seal which was capable to accommodate axial movement in both directions so that the same seal could be mounted on either side of the bearing housing. The 5.000” LabTecta-RDS™ seal (AZA11702PP001) was installed in January 2007 and was an instant success. The customer is so pleased that they ordered a further 18 seals to do all their PA fans for their next shutdown. The equipment shaft runs at 1,450 rpm and employs an oil circulating system.

LabTecta-RDS™ installed on PA Fan (case Ref 3389).

The PA fan blows the coal/air mixture into the boiler, the coal particles burn within 3 to 4 seconds leaving spherical molten beads of ash. The ash particles then start to cool as they pass out of the furnace area with the flue gas.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

Air Fans

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High Pressure Ash Jet Pumps Some pulverized fuel ash particles contact the boiler tubes whilst still molten. If further particles impinge on the same area, the molten or semi molten particles fuse together to form a slag or clinker. This clinker then falls in relatively large pieces into the bottom of the furnace. The clinker is quenched by water sprayed to freeze it and break it up by thermal shock. High pressure ash jet pumps are used to deliver the water, which is used for the spraying operation. AESSEAL have sealed ash jet pumps in many coal fired power stations around the globe. Examples of the single cartridge seals used on ash jet pumps in Ireland, are shown to the left.

Ref: AZA11027

Ash Crusher/Clinker Grinders The clinker pieces are ground further by an Ash crusher. The resulting product is known as Furnace Bottom Ash or FBA. Ash crushers grind the clinker pieces into a fine powder, so that they can be mixed with water for ease of downstream transportation. They are traditional sealed using shaft packing which constantly leaks water, wears the shaft creating high refurbishment costs and requires periodic monitoring and adjustment by operators. AESSEAL have sealed Ash crushers for many years using TC/TC Convertor II single cartridge seals (four seals per crusher) The benefit of the single cartridge seal is that there are no equipment modifications required and it is a plug and play solution. It takes the operational sealing issues away from the operators. See Case Ref. 1570

Over 60% of the total production of power station ash is sold for use in various industrial applications, typically the building industry. Furnace bottom ash accounts for around 15% of ash production and almost all of it is sold.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 8

Ash Jet Pumps

Section 5 Ash Crusher/Clinker Grinder AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966 www.aesseal.com L-UK/US-SLURRY-03 Issue 3 Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

Pulverized fuel ash accounts for the remaining 85% of ash production and typically over half is sold.

Pulverized Fuel Ash Water is injected into the bottom of the boiler to knock the ash off the boiler surfaces. Pulverized fuel ash (PFA) particles are captured from the flue gas by electrostatic precipitators (shown below) before the gas is allowed to pass to atmosphere. Pulverized Fuel ash is then held in hoppers beneath the precipitators. Electrostatic Precipitators

Ash Hopper The diagram below shows the position of the Ash Hopper (item 18) within the process.

Fly ash accumulation hoppers are positioned beneath the electrostatic precipitators, to collate ash for transportation to the ash pond. Before is transferred, the ash is passed through Ash Conditioners.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

Pulverized Fuel Ash Ash Hopper

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Ash Conditioners An ash conditioner is essentially a horizontal mixer which takes ash feed from a silo above, and mixers it with sprayed water, to create a slurry. Ash Conditioners can be difficult to seal as they suffer from a high degree of vibration. AESSEAL have successfully sealed conditioners using the AESSEAL® type 245 shaft packing. Once conditioned, the ash slurry can be transferred.

Ash Transfer Large multi-staged slurry pumps, as shown below, are often employed to transport/pump the ash. The fly ash transfer pumps are typically heavy duty slurry pumps, manufactured by companies such as Warman or Goulds. In a coal fired power generation plant in South Africa, AESSEAL installed CDPH double seals and systems on Warman A/H 10/8 F Frame in nine fly ash transfer pumps. In the plant three pumps work in series to increase the pressure to 18 bar (261 psi).

The slurry solution is then either pumped to land fill or transported to a slurry to lagoon for storage/disposal. The slurry may contain between 15 to 20% ash solids, which are subsequently allowed to sediment under gravity. Approximately 30 to 50% of the water-soluble material will be dissolved in the decanting water. In addition, clean water may be passed through slurry pipelines, to reduce scaling problems, when ash is not being produced. The slurry may be subsequently used for a number of applications such as in the building industry, for Cement and Block production, as shown below.

On this one application alone, the previously installed single seals consumed 200 liters (50 gallons) of water per minute.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 10

Ash Conditioners

Section 5 Ash Transfer AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966 www.aesseal.com L-UK/US-SLURRY-03 Issue 3 Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

The Figure above shows the typical uses for the ash bi-product of the Coal Fired power generation process.

Flue Gas Desulphurization Our wide range of seal support systems and bearing protectors compliment the mechanical seal range, enabling the supply of TOTAL packaged solutions for FGD applications from:

FGD Process

• Wet: Limestone Gypsum, Seawater washing, Ammonia Scrubbing and Wellman Lord • Semi-Dry: Spray Dry, Duct Spray Dry and Circulating Fluidized Bed • Dry: Sodium Bi-Carbonate Injection and Furnace Sorbent Injection

Moisture Separator

Clean Flue Gas Out

Perforated Tray Promotes Gas Slurry Contact

S02 & Flue Gas

Why Consider AESSEAL® for Flue Gas Desulphurization/Scrubber Duties? Oxidation Zone

• Conformance to increasing environmental, EPA and government legislation • Improved equipment reliability and performance • Rapid delivery performance, including customized designs • Full upgrade and replacement service for OEM and non-AES products • Total Solutions: Absorber Pumps, Pre-Sat Pumps, Agitators, Ball Mills, Centrifuges, Conveyors and Electric Motors

Large Absorber Recirculation Pumps

Agitator/Mixer

FGD Sealing Applications/Opportunities Dust Filter Limestone Day Silo

Make-Up Water Pump Gas/Gas Heater

Classifier Weighing Feeder

Mist Eliminator Wash Water Tank

Gas/Gas Heater Bypass

Stack

B

From ID Fans Oxidation Air Blower

Oxidation Air Blower

Ball Mill Absorber

Limestone Slurry Storage Tank

Primary Waste Water Hydrocyclone

Absorber

Power Station Absorber Waste Water Bleed Tank

Mill Slurry Tank Gypsum Bleed Pumps

Absorber Recirculation Pumps

Gypsum Dewatering Hydrocyclone

Gypsum Cake Gypsum Dewatering Feed Tank

Vacuum Belt Filter

To Waste Water Treatment System

Secondary Waste Water Hydrocyclone Secondary Waste Water Hydrocyclone Sump

Waste Water Treatment Feed Sump From Waste Water Treatment System

Filtrate Tank Dewatering Area Sump

Pump Seal Agitator Seal

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

Flue Gas Desulphurization

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Issues with non-AES seal designs Several non-AES suppliers of mechanical seals have attempted to seal FGD lime and limestone absorber systems. One such supplier offers a product, which does not employ springs or a metal bellows to energize the seal faces together. Instead, the supplier uses a rubber bellows configuration, which is particularly prone to tearing in start-up conditions.

Typical design of a non-AES slurry seal

Seal face breakage.

What effect will the slurry have on the black elastomeric part during equipment start up?

Fully refurbished non-AES Seal designs AESSEAL® inventory a full range of seal faces specifically to suit the non-AES 1875, 2750, 3750, 4500, 5500, 6500, 7500 and 9500 market place designs and therefore can offer a fast and efficient service to repair, upgrade or replace the non-AES product.

Component manufacturing facilities at AESSEAL plc Derby, one of over 40 authorized repair centers worldwide

‘A full OEM and Non-AES seal refurbishment and upgrade service.’ Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 12

Issues with non-AES

Section 5 seal designs AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966 www.aesseal.com L-UK/US-SLURRY-03 Issue 3 Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

AESSEAL® Single Slurry Seals Single Cartridge Mech Seal - FDGSS™ • The FGDSS™ is a stationary single cartridge seal, with monolithic seal faces, designed for low to medium duty slurry applications • The multiple springs, which energize the seal faces, are out of the process media (Non-Clogging) • The FGDSS™ incorporates a shroud to prevent spring clogging from atmospheric contamination/debris • Available in abrasion resistant wetted components (Exotic Alloy FGDSS™) Exotic Alloy FGDSS™ - Single Cartridge Seal

AESSEAL® FGDSS™ slurry seal designs suit the equipment shown in the table below and / or similar equivalent pumps: OEM

Model

Shaft Size*† Face Materials Elastomer Options

Model

Warman®

1.5/1 B-AH

Warman®

8/6 F-AH

Warman

3/2 C-AH

Warman

10/8 F-AH

Warman

®

4/3 D-AH

Warman

10/8 G-AH

Warman

®

6/4 E-AH

Warman

650 TUL

®

FGDSS™ installed on a slurry pump in the UK

OEM

® ® ®

FDGSS™ - Seal Face Design

up to 9.500” (240mm) Silicon Carbide and Tungsten Carbide Viton®, EPR, Nitrile, Kalrez® & Alfas®

* Not all sizes inventoried, not all metallurgies may be offered in all sizes. Contact your nearest AESSEAL® office for availability

FDGSS™ - Seal Face Drive Design Robust and reliable seal face drive (Patented Floating Drive Technology) reduces the high stress points on the monolithic FGDSS™ seal faces. This reduces the probability of seal face damage during equipment start-up, improving sealing longevity.

The outside diameters of the Stationary and Rotary Seal Faces are identical in size. This help to avoid abrasives solidifying on either seal face and bonding the two seal faces together.

FDGSS™ - Seal Face Spring Position

Conventional Pin drive with monolithic seal faces Pre-Equipment start up

Post-Equipment start up

Shaft Rotation

Point or line contact

Seal Face Fixed Drive Pin

Shrouded multi spring design to prevent spring clogging

AES Floating Pin drive with monolithic seal faces Pre-Equipment start up

Post-Equipment start up

Shaft Rotation

Line or face contact

Seal Face Floating Drive Pin

Pin Rotation

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

AESSEAL® Single Slurry Seals

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AESSEAL® Double Slurry Seals The AESSEAL range of double seals are designed to meet the arduous requirements of slurry applications. Large ports and increased radial clearances enable the seals, when coupled to the correct sealing plan, to maintain a stable fluid film for extend seal face life.

CDPH™ and SSE-25™ System installed on a Fly Ash Transfer pump

LOW

MEDIUM

LOW

FGDSS CVSD CURC

DMSF/DMSC SMSS

MEDIUM

FGDSS CVSD CDSA

CDPH DMSF/DMSC

PRESSURE

HIGH

SLURRY DUTY

UHDDS

The CDPH™ range of double cartridge seals have been HIGH CDPH UHDDS installed on fly ash transfer pumps in coal fired power generation plants in South Africa since 2006. The CDPH’s with SSE-25™ support systems replaced gland packing and saved the plant over 200 litres/minute (50 gallons/minute) of water consumption per year.

Exotic Alloy CDPH™

CDPH™ - Double Cartridge Seal

UHDDS™ - Ultra Heavy Duty Double Cartridge Seal

• The CDSA™ and CDPH™ seals are rotary double cartridge seals, with shrink-fitted faces, designed for medium to high duty slurry applications

• The UHDDS™ is a stationary double cartridge seal designed for arduous slurry applications using API 682 qualified technology

• The multiple springs, which energize the rotary seal face, are positioned out of the process media (nonclogging)

• The multiple springs, which energize the stationary seal face, are out of the process media (nonclogging)

• Robust seal face drive mechanism

• Integral and extremely efficient bi-directional barrier fluid circulating device (Plan 53) keeps the seal faces cool

• Available in abrasion-resistant wetted components (Exotic Alloy CDSA™ and CDPH™) • Hydraulically balanced seal faces for reduced heat generation and improved seal life

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries 14

AESSEAL® Double

Section 5 Slurry Seals AESSEAL plc +44 1709 369966 www.aesseal.com L-UK/US-SLURRY-03 Issue 3 Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

• Available in a wide range of abrasion-resistant wetted components, including solid Tungsten carbide gland insert

Seal Conversion Kits Not ALL sealing solutions are the same. Equipment reliability improvements can be made by changing the seal environment and/or upgrading the seal design. AESSEAL® can provide inexpensive seal conversion kits to upgrade non-AES seal designs or to change the OEM equipment seal environment, in order to dramatically improve seal life. • Creates an ideal seal environment • Produced in a wide range of abrasion/chemical resistant materials • One-off purchase • No primary equipment/shaft wear

AESSEAL® Conversion Kit

Submersible Sump Pit Pump Solutions 16 KSB Submersible Sump Pit Pumps were installed in a coal fired UK power station and had a failure mode of oil bath contamination. The Solution is the PUMPPAC-SOU™ System.

Moisture Sensor can be placed in the return line to warn of seal failure.

PUMPPAC SOU cools, cleans and ensures that clean oil is always supplied.

The PUMPPAC-SOU™ system force circulates oil to the submersible pump seals in an API Plan 54 system. This not only provides idealized seal face lubrication, it permits frequent oil sampling to be conducted at surface level, therefore provides an early indication of seal distress and/or early maintenance/replacement of the seal face lubricant.

Coal Fired Power Industry Slurries Section 5

Submersible Sump Pit Pump Solutions

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Tel: +44 (0) 1733 230787

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Tel: +44 (0) 1698 540422

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AESSEAL plc, Middlesbrough, UK.

Tel: +44 (0) 1642 245744

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Tel: +44 (0) 1708 256600

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AESSEAL plc, Pontypridd, UK.

Tel: +44 (0) 1443 844330

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Tel: +44 (0) 1925 812294

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Tel: +44 (0) 1472 357852

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AESSEAL (MCK) Ltd., Lisburn, UK.

Tel: +44 (0) 28 9266 9966

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AESSEAL Ireland Ltd., Lisburn, UK.

Tel: +44 (0) 28 9266 9966

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AESSEAL Ireland Ltd., Co. Cork, Eire.

Tel: +353 (0) 214 633477

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AESSEAL Inc., Knoxville, TN. USA.

Tel: +1 865 531 0192

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Tel: +1 423 224 7682

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AESSEAL Midwest Inc., Marion, IA. USA.

Tel: +1 319 377 0170

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AESSEAL Inc. NE, Fairfield, ME. USA.

Tel: +1 207 453 6915

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AESSEAL Inc. NW Longview, WA. USA.

Tel: +1 360 414 0118

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AESSEAL ALAA, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Tel: +966 3 847 0033

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AESSEAL Argentina S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Tel: +54 11 4744 0022

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AESSEAL Australia Pty Ltd., Seventeen Mile Rocks, Australia.

Tel: +61 7 32791144

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AESSEAL Benelux B.V., Breda, Holland.

Tel: +31 (0) 76 564 9292

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Tel: +55 11 5891 5878

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AESSEAL Canada Inc., Vancouver, Canada.

Tel: +1 604 535 7512

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Tel: +56 2 2343022

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AESSEAL China Ltd., Ningbo, China.

Tel: +86 (0) 574 8823 2888

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AESSEAL Colombia S.A., Bogota, Colombia.

Tel: +57 (1) 634 9095

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Tel: +420 543 212 489

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AESSEAL Danmark, A/S, Køge, Denmark.

Tel: +45 56 64 14 00

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AESSEAL Deutschland AG, Bad Orb, Germany.

Tel: +49 (0) 6052 918810

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Tel: +49 7253 8090

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Tel: +358 1433 84500

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Tel: +33 320 172850

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AESSEAL India PVT. Ltd. Pune, India.

Tel: +91 20 24220868

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AESSEAL Coldweld Pvt., Ltd Goregaon, Mumbai, India.

Tel: +91 22 6702 9028

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AESSEAL Italia SRL., Gallarate, Italy.

Tel: +39 0331 799 952

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AESSEAL Malaysia SDN. BHD., Selangor, Malaysia.

Tel: +603 806 21233

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Tel: +609 583 6133

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Tel: +52 833 226 9551

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Tel: +48 33 818 4135

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Tel: +27 (0) 31 903 5438

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Tel: +27 (0) 11 466 6500

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Tel: +34 977 55 43 30

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Tel: +46 (0) 8 55602870

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Tel: +886 7 310 0630

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AESSEAL Turkiye, Istanbul, Turkey.

Tel: +90 (0) 216 304 0237

[email protected]

AESSEAL Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Tel: +598 2 916 1040

[email protected]

web: http://www.aesseal.com

email: [email protected]

Ref: L-UK/US-SLURRY/02-06

[email protected]

AESSEAL plc, Peterborough, UK.

Copyright © 2007 AESSEAL plc

[email protected]

Tel: +44 (0) 1332 366738

AESSEAL plc recognises all trademarks and trademark names as the property of their owners.

Tel: +44 (0) 1709 369966

AESSEAL plc, Derby, UK.

AESSEAL® is a Registered Trademark of AESSEAL plc

AESSEAL plc, Rotherham, UK.

AES/DOC/IN 4505 09/07

Our Purpose: ‘To give our customers such exceptional service that they need never consider alternative sources of supply.’