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SAP HANA + SAP BWA IBM DB2 NLS + IBM DB2 BLU Last update 2013-05-17
Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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SAP HANA !?
• An In-memory Database • An „Appliance“ • A Platform
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SAP HANA Components
SAP HANA Master Guide SAP HANA Appliance Software SPS 04 http://help.sap.com/hana/ 5
A deeper look into the HANA architecture
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Conceptual comparison – Row oriented versus Column oriented databases
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Conceptual comparison – Row oriented versus Column oriented databases
= = Two databases in memory • Read-optimized data • Updated data (write optimized)
From time to time the database needs to merge both databases to read-optimized database 8
How to prevent data losses with HANA
In Memory On SSD drives On SAS drives
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How to prevent data losses with HANA The SAP HANA database holds the bulk of its data in memory for maximum performance but Power still uses persistent storage to provide a fallback in case of failure. failure
Time Data save points to persistent storage at a define time period
Log written to persistent storage (committed transactions at every write statement)
SAS Drives
SSD Drives / FusionIO
Throughput
high IOPS / low latency
optimized for (>800MB/s)
optimized for
(>100 000 IOPS)
IBM GPFS Filesystem provides maximum performance and scalability
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IBM Systems solution for SAP HANA sizes / building blocks / upgrade path Size
XS
S
S+
M
L
Building Block
x3690 X5
x3690 X5
x3950 X5
x3950 X5
x3950 X5
Part Number (Sys x - config)
7147-HAx
7147-HBx
7143 - HAx
7143 - HBx
7143 – HBx + 7143 – HCx
Intel CPU
2 x E7 2870
2 x E7 2870
2 x E7-8870
4 x E7-8870
8 x E7-8870
RAM
128 GB DDR3
256 GB DDR3
256 GB DDR3
512 GB DDR3
1 TB DDR3
(8 x 16GB)
(16 x 16GB)
(16 x 16 GB)
(32 x 16 GB)
(64 x 16 GB)
Log Storage
10 x 200 GB 1.8‘‘ MLC SSD
10 x 200 GB 1.8‘‘ MLC SSD
1.2 TB ioDrive2 FusionIO
1.2 TB ioDrive2 FusionIO
2 x 1.2 TB ioDrive2 FusionIO
Data Storage
-
-
8 x 900 GB 10k SAS HDD
8 x 900 GB 10k SAS HDD
16 x 900 GB 10k SAS HDD
Storage Ctrl
2 x M5015
2 x M5015
1 x M5015
1 x M5015
2 x M5015
Data / Log Storage Summary
1.6 TB RAID 5 data and log storage
1.6 TB RAID 5 data and log storage
5.4 TB RAID5 data storage 1 TB log storage
5.4 TB RAID5 data storage 1 TB log storage
10.8 TB RAID5 data storage 2 TB log storage
Ethernet
4 x 10 GbE, 6 x 1 GbE
4 x 10 GbE, 6 x 1 GbE
4 x 10 GbE, 6 x 1 GbE
4 x 10 GbE, 6 x 1 GbE
8x 10 GbE, 12 x 1 GbE
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Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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Sizing SAP HANA Different use cases, different sizing methodologies • Please ask SAP personnel for the necessary main memory, which determines the appropriate T-Shirt size (single node or scale out) and the according SAP license • SAP HANA as a datamart next to an SAP Business Suite System – SAP Note: 1514966 – Shell scripts available to determine the input data for the formulas
• SAP BW on HANA – SAP Note: 1736976 – SAP APAB Report available (DB agnostic)
• SAP Business Suite on HANA – SAP Note: 1793345
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SAP HANA – T-Shirt Sizing • SAP defined T-shirt sizes for SAP HANA to both simplify the sizing and to limit the number of hardware configurations to support, thus reducing complexity. • SAP’s hardware partners provide configurations for SAP HANA according to one or more of these T-shirt sizes: SAP T-Shirt size
XS
S and S+
M and M+
L
Compressed data in memory
64 GB
128 GB
256 GB
512 GB
Server main memory
128 GB
256 GB
512 GB
1024 GB = 1 TB
2
2
4
8
Number of CPUs
• The T-Shirt sizings S+ and M+ denote upgradable versions of the S and M sizes. These Tshirt sizes are used when relevant growth of the data size is expected: • S+ delivers capacity equivalent to S, but the hardware is upgradable to an M size. • M+ delivers capacity equivalent to M, but the hardware is upgradable to an L size. • There are additional configurations for Business Suite on SAP HANA, with 2TB or 4TB of server main memory, with 8 CPUs. These are not available for scale-out.
SAP HANA : Sizing & Mapping – March 2013
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SAP HANA as an accelerator
SAP Note 1514966
• Initial Sizing Data: – For a Some Rapid Deployment Solutions (e.g. CO-PA) SAP QuickSizer has sizing support → http://service.sap.com/quicksizer
• Main Memory: – Average Compression Factor is 7:1 (refers to uncompressed database tables, space for database indexes is to be excluded), and can vary significantly – Reserve as much memory for dynamic objects intermediate results) as for static objects (data)
Rule of Thumb: 1TB initial database size (uncompressed) → 300GB of main memory
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SAP Business Warehouse on SAP HANA
SAP Note 1736976
• Initial Sizing Data: – Different Compression factors for Column store (4:1) and Row store (1.5:1) tables – Reserve as much memory for dynamic objects (intermediate results) as for static objects (data) in Column store – For an existing BW System, a sizing report (attached to the SAP Note) can be run
– For a new BW System, SAP QuickSizer has support for SAP BW powered by SAP HANA → http://service.sap.com/quicksizer
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SAP Business Warehouse on SAP HANA
SAP Note 1736976
• HANA Main Memory: – Different Compression factors for Column store (4:1) and Row store (1.5:1) tables – Reserve as much memory for dynamic objects (intermediate results) as for static objects (data) in Column store
RAM = ( Column store table footprint * 2 / 4 + Row store table footprint / 1.5 ) * c + 40 GB + 10 GB
Rule of Thumb: 1TB initial database size (uncompressed) → 500GB of main memory
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SAP Note 1702409
BW on SAP HANA – Scale-Out
• For BW on SAP HANA in a scale-out configuration – one node carries the row store only (the master node) and – the other nodes carry the column store
• To get best performance for SAP BW running on SAP HANA, it is strongly recommended that you use at least three nodes for your SAP HANA DB. • Independent of the work load distribution, it is recommended to use an additional server as "stand by server" to be used in a failover scenario. • The ideal BW on SAP HANA Scale-Out configuration has 4 or more nodes Master (row)
Slave (column)
…
Slave (column)
Standby
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SAP Business Suite on SAP HANA
SAP Note 1793345
• Initial Sizing Data: – SAP Quicksizer to size for SAP Business Suite – Use the results for database size (DB Disk) and CPU requirements (DB SAPS) as input for HANA Main Memory and CPU sizing. – Applications Server – same requirements with / without SAP HANA
• HANA Main Memory: – Average Compression Factor is 4:1 (assuming uncompressed source database) – Reserve as much memory for dynamic objects intermediate results) as for static objects (data)
Rule of Thumb: 1TB initial database size (uncompressed) → 500GB of main memory
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Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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BW Accelerator – integrated solution – minimal setup
Step 1
Power-on accelerator
Step 2
Configure link to SAP NetWeaver BW
Step 3
Select InfoCubes to accelerate
NO migration, NO change to data models, NO change to queries
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IBM Systems Solution for SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator A Scalable Solution Helping Provide Near Real-Time Analytics For businesses who need timely answers to vital Business questions
BW Accelerator Solution Components BladeCenter HS23, HS22,
New!
§ BW Accelerator helps deliver: • Super-charged BW query performance • 10 – 100x faster than previous methods • Scalable to support the largest SAP BW installations § Resulting in: • Faster access to data and information with near real-time visibility into business operations • Improved management decision-making capability • Support growing numbers of users with a stable, improved query response • Lower Total Cost of Ownership for SAP BW computing environment
HS22V or… x3850 X5
IBM System Storage DS3500
SAP BW Accelerator* Novell SUSE Linux IBM GPFS® IBM Services Integrated by: § IBM Intelligent Cluster § IBM Business Partner * Requires separate license from SAP
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BW Accelerator architecture BW Accelerator Accelerator engine responds to queries: joins and aggregates are done in run time
BI Analytical Engine SAP NetWeaver 7 Business Warehouse InfoCubes
Query & Response
Accelerator indexes are copied into RAM
Indexing
Accelerator engine creates and stores indexes for data in InfoCube tables
Business Data
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SAP Netweaver BWA Integrated BladeCenter and Storage based appliance accelerating SAP Business Intelligence workloads Customer experiences on BWA SAP BW (traditional) Elapsed time for total query:
With BW Accelerator Elapsed time only DB part:
OLAP + DB
Elapsed time for total query:
Elapsed time only DB part:
OLAP + DB
Acceleration Factor OLAP + DB
674 s
672 s
3.3 s
1.03 s
x 201
551 s
548 s
2.5 s
0.57 s
x 219
Investments in Server: 80%
!
Investments in Server: 20%
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BW Accelerator Configurations Category
Server
Memory BladeC BladeServer Requirement enter HS23 GB Model Sandybridge H Eight Core
RAM / Blade GB
Storage Unit DS3524
Storage
Expansion Box (*1) EXP3524
HS SAS HDD (*1) 146GB 15kUpm
GPFS Configurations DiskSpace available approx. Techline GB
CPOM / e1350 Delivery
Price Range List Price in K€
M
64 - 224 256 - 448
1 1
2-7 8 - 14
32 32
1
0 0
11 22
1000 2000
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
80 - 125 135 - 190
L
128 - 448 512 - 896
1 1
2-7 8 - 14
64 64
1
0 1
22 44
2000 4000
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
85 - 135 155 - 210
XL
192 - 672 768 - 1344
1 1
2-7 8 - 14
96 96
1
1 2
33 66
3000 6000
Yes Yes
Yes Yes
95 - 145 165 - 230
1440 - 2688
2
15 - 28
96
2
4
132
12000
Yes
Special Bid
320 - 450
2784 - 4032
3
29 - 42
96
3
6
198
18000
Yes
Special Bid
550 - 675
4128 - 5376
4
43 - 56
96
4
8
264
24000
Yes
Special Bid
770 - 900
XXL
Category
Entry
Rack-mounted Server
Memory Requirement GB
System X Model x3850 X5
CPUs Xeon E7-8870 Westmere-EX Ten Core
64* 128 256
1
4
RAM GB 64 128 256
internal DiskSpace Configurations SAS HDD approx. available 600GB GB Techline 10kUpm 8
4000
No Yes Yes
CPOM / e1350 Delivery
List Price in K$
No No No
47 49
*) not orderable anymore 25
Sizing of BW Accelerator – Memory based
• For existing BW systems – SAP Note 917803 explains how to calculate the memory consumption using report ZZ_BIAMEMCONSUMPTION_BW3X • We recommend to use the report option “P_DETAIL” to get the more precise result for sizing • Must be handled either by customer or Basis consultant
– Delivers exactly required Memory
• For new BW systems and as a manual alternative to the report above – Use Quicksizer to get a sizing for BW with BWA – Link to SAP Quicksizer: http://service.sap.com/quicksizer – Requires „S“ user ID
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Does BW Accelerator have a future? • Absolutely – SAP BW Accelerator is still a good solution for SAP Business Warehouse customers who want to improve the overall performance of their reporting and analysis of data. – Easy to implement with “plug & play” design – However does not help customers struggling with the time to load data ( ETL)
• SAP HANA is more flexible but also may need more effort to implement – Can deliver near to real time availability of data – Removes the need to transform data into analytic data structures ( DSO, InfoCubes, Aggregates) – As sidecar: Requires modeling of replication, SAP HANA database – As datamart: Requires modeling of a new Reporting and Analysis layer – As a single datamart: Requires code changes of the application and a quite complex database migration project in advance
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Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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Information Lifecycle Management – Types of Data Storage
Online Storage
Frequent data access • Actual data • Online data access • Read/Write/Update/Delete
Near-(On)Line Storage
Data Archiving
Less frequent data access
• Aged data • Online data access • Read-Only Very rare access to data
• Long term storage • No online data access • Read-Only
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SAP NetWeaver BW NLS – Data Transfer
•
Request based data transfer from SAP BW objects to NLS objects TransparentAccess Access Transparent
•
•
Process steps of the NLS data transfer –
Read data from BW InfoProvider (BW database) in data packages
–
Write data into Near-Line Storage object
–
Data verification: compare NLS data with BW data
–
Delete transfered data in the BW InfoProvider (BW database)
Reload of NLS data into BW database for modification purpose
SAP NetWeaver BW
BI OLAP
BW OLAP BI Data Manager DBInterface Interface DB Layer Layer DBMS Relational DB DB Relational Interface Interface
BW Online Data
General NLS General Near-Line Interface Interface TREX NLS /Partner DB2 LUW Near-Line Interface Interface
Near-Line Storage
2011 2010 2009 2008
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SAP NetWeaver BW NLS Solution – Data Access
SAP BW Query / Data extraction • • • • •
Online access to both BW and NLS data BW OLAP processor splits query into two parts and sends it to the BW Online Database and to NLS BW OLAP processor calculates final result SAP BW 7.0x query access specification –
On query level with transaction rsrt
–
On InfoProvider level (DB2 LUW specific)
SAP BW 7.3 query access specification –
In query selection screen
–
In BEx Query Designer
–
On Multi-Provider level
–
On InfoProvider level
TransparentAccess Access Transparent
SAP NetWeaver BW
BI OLAP
BW OLAP BI Data Manager DBInterface Interface DB Layer Layer DBMS Relational DB DB Relational Interface Interface
BW Online Data
General NLS General Near-Line Interface Interface TREX NLS /Partner DB2 LUW Near-Line Interface Interface
Near-Line Storage
2011 2010 2009 2008
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IBM DB2 Near-line Storage solution for SAP NW BW complementing the joint approach
DB2 further provides an embedded Near-line Storage solution – Part of SAP BW product shipment – Build on proven IBM DB2 technology, incl. compression, autonomics, MCP, DPF … – Fully integrated with SAP NetWeaver BW, installation, administration, monitoring – Synchronized Recovery Process (DB2 Unique) – Ensure consistency of SAP BW and NLS in recovery situations
TCO – – – –
No additional license costs for SAP DB2 OEM customers DB2 NLS keeps BW database lean by controlling growth Helps to reduce HANA license and HW costs DB2 NLS data can be kept on less expensive hardware
Foodstuffs reference customer – – – –
80% Storage Savings (SAP BW DB from 10 TB to 2 TB) 276% improved performance 79% faster backup times 266% storage cost savings
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DB2 NLS support for SAP BW on HANA • Major advantage: TCO reduction – Reduced data volume on SAP HANA – Smaller HANA box is sufficient – Reduced SAP HANA license cost • Existing DB2 NLS solution is extended to support SAP BW on HANA since 07/2012 – Existing NLS interface is used – Fully integrated into SAP – Support of HANA optimized BW InfoObjects – SAP notes: 1807855, 1695150
N EW
TransparentAccess Access Transparent
SAP NetWeaver BW BW OLAP HANA Interface
HANA DB
current Data
General Near-Line Interface DB2 Near-Line Interface DB2 DBSL
DB2 NLS database
old Data 33
Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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DB2 Optimized for SAP
Providing the best performance at the lowest costs • The close partnership between IBM and SAP results in: – Lower TCO through optimized performance, efficiency and ease of administration • DB2 can tune itself to SAP with the “flick of a switch” • Unique technologies, like multi-dimensional clustering enhances scalability • The best compression rates, optimized for SAP, results in minimized storage costs
• DB2 10.5 delivers additional speed and reliability for SAP workloads – New BLU acceleration (dynamic in-memory feature) • 25x faster reporting and analytics – up to 1000x faster for individual queries • Up to 10x improved data compression – Enhanced pureScale reliability
• DB2 10.5 is expected to be released for SAP customers in Q3/2013
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What is DB2 with BLU Acceleration? • New technology for analytic queries in DB2 LUW – DB2 column-organized tables add columnar capabilities to DB2 databases • Table data is stored column organized rather than row organized • Using a vector processing engine • Using this table format with star schema data marts provides significant improvements to storage, query performance, ease of use, and time-to-value
– New unique runtime technology which leverages the CPU architecture and is built directly into the DB2 kernel – New unique encoding for speed and compression • This new capability is both main-memory optimized, CPU optimized, and I/O optimized
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DB2 with BLU Acceleration Comparison
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Content SAP HANA and Basics in In-Memory Computing SAP HANA Sizing SAP NetWeaver BW Accelerator (BWA) SAP HANA and IBM DB2 NLS IBM DB2 BLU Summary
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For more on-line information IBM-SAP Alliance
System x SAP HANA
IBM PartnerWorld
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More Information SAP: www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/db6
IBM: www.ibm-sap.com/db2
IBM: www.ibm-sap.com IBM SAP International Competence Center:
[email protected]
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DB2 SAP Education
- Selection of SAP Education Classes § TADM56 – Partner Academy, SAP Installation & Deltas on DB2 (Certification as SAP Technical Consultant DB2), 5 days, for experienced Informix, Oracle, SQL Server consultants
§ ADM535 – SAP Database Administration on DB2, 3 days
§ FREE e-learning class available over the web ! – 4 days, individually scheduled within 1 month – Enrollment instructions at SAP SDN: sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/db6 – Enrollment via IBM: eb90.elearn.ihost.com/wps/portal/ibm
DOWNLOAD NOW !! http://bit. ly/DB2_SAP_PDF
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DB2 delivers speed and savings for SAP applications Most of the testimonials below are based on DB2 9.x BCP moved from an Oracle Database – 30% better performance, saves 45% on storage
Fraport AG moved from an Oracle Database – 25% better performance, saves 6 TB of storage
Cameron International moved from an Oracle Database – 39% better performance, cuts storage by over 50%
Knorr-Bremse moved from an Oracle Database – Improved job run times by 20% on average, 48% reduction in disk space
Coca Cola Bottling moved from an Oracle Database – saved more than a $1 Million – Compression rates: DB2 9.1 - 40%, DB2 9.7 additional 20%, DB2 10.1 additional 20 % – DB2 10.1: batch job 18x time faster, run times down from 30 to 36 hours to 2 hours “… When we went into this project, we were expecting to achieve compression levels of around 40 percent. What we found is that we are actually averaging around 60 percent, which greatly exceeds our target. In fact, some of our SAP databases are even compressed by over 70 percent.” - Jim Capraro, Vice President of Global Information Technology, Colgate-Palmolive
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Time for questions …
SAP Main Products and Solutions
Mail contact:
[email protected]
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Special Notices Information in this document concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of these products or other public sources. Questions on the capabilities of nonIBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents. Send license inquires, in writing, to IBM Director of Licensing, IBM Corporation, New Castle Drive, Armonk, NY 10504-1785 USA. All statements regarding IBM future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. The information contained in this document has not been submitted to any formal IBM test and is provided "AS IS" with no warranties or guarantees either expressed or implied. All examples cited or described in this document are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some IBM products can be used and the results that may be achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual client configurations and conditions. IBM Global Financing offerings are provided through IBM Credit Corporation in the United States and other IBM subsidiaries and divisions worldwide to qualified commercial and government clients. Rates are based on a client's credit rating, financing terms, offering type, equipment type and options, and may vary by country. Other restrictions may apply. Rates and offerings are subject to change, extension or withdrawal without notice. IBM is not responsible for printing errors in this document that result in pricing or information inaccuracies. All prices shown are IBM's United States suggested list prices and are subject to change without notice; reseller prices may vary. IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply. Many of the features described in this document are operating system dependent and may not be available on Linux. For more information, please check: http://www.ibm.com/systems/p/software/whitepapers/linux_overview.html Any performance data contained in this document was determined in a controlled environment. Actual results may vary significantly and are dependent on many factors including system hardware configuration and software design and configuration. Some measurements quoted in this document may have been made on development-level systems. There is no guarantee these measurements will be the same on generally-available systems. Some measurements quoted in this document may have been estimated through extrapolation. Users of this document should verify the applicable data for their specific environment.
Revised January 19, 2006
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Special Notices (Cont.) The following terms are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries: AIX, AIX/L, AIX/L(logo), alphaWorks, AS/400, BladeCenter, Blue Gene, Blue Lightning, C Set++, CICS, CICS/6000, ClusterProven, CT/2, DataHub, DataJoiner, DB2, DEEP BLUE, developerWorks, DirectTalk, Domino, DYNIX, DYNIX/ptx, e business(logo), e(logo)business, e(logo)server, Enterprise Storage Server, ESCON, FlashCopy, GDDM, i5/OS, IBM, IBM(logo), ibm.com, IBM Business Partner (logo), Informix, IntelliStation, IQ-Link, LANStreamer, LoadLeveler, Lotus, Lotus Notes, Lotusphere, Magstar, MediaStreamer, Micro Channel, MQSeries, Net.Data, Netfinity, NetView, Network Station, Notes, NUMA-Q, Operating System/2, Operating System/400, OS/2, OS/390, OS/400, Parallel Sysplex, PartnerLink, PartnerWorld, Passport Advantage, POWERparallel, Power PC 603, Power PC 604, PowerPC, PowerPC(logo), Predictive Failure Analysis, pSeries, PTX, ptx/ADMIN, RETAIN, RISC System/6000, RS/6000, RT Personal Computer, S/390, Scalable POWERparallel Systems, SecureWay, Sequent, ServerProven, SpaceBall, System/390, The Engines of e-business, THINK, Tivoli, Tivoli(logo), Tivoli Management Environment, Tivoli Ready(logo), TME, TotalStorage, TURBOWAYS, VisualAge, WebSphere, xSeries, z/ OS, zSeries. The following terms are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries: Advanced Micro-Partitioning, AIX 5L, AIX PVMe, AS/400e, Chipkill, Chiphopper, Cloudscape, DB2 OLAP Server, DB2 Universal Database, DFDSM, DFSORT, DS4000, DS6000, DS8000, e-business(logo), e-business on demand, eServer, Express Middleware, Express Portfolio, Express Servers, Express Servers and Storage, GigaProcessor, HACMP, HACMP/6000, IBM TotalStorage Proven, IBMLink, IMS, Intelligent Miner, iSeries, Micro-Partitioning, NUMACenter, On Demand Business logo, OpenPower, POWER, Power Architecture, Power Everywhere, Power Family, Power PC, PowerPC Architecture, PowerPC 603, PowerPC 603e, PowerPC 604, PowerPC 750, POWER2, POWER2 Architecture, POWER3, POWER4, POWER4+, POWER5, POWER5+, POWER6, POWER6+, Redbooks, Sequent (logo), SequentLINK, Server Advantage, ServeRAID, Service Director, SmoothStart, SP, System i, System i5, System p, System p5, System Storage, System z, System z9, S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server, Tivoli Enterprise, TME 10, TotalStorage Proven, Ultramedia, VideoCharger, Virtualization Engine, Visualization Data Explorer, X-Architecture, z/Architecture, z/9. A full list of U.S. trademarks owned by IBM may be found at: http://www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml. A full list of trademarks owned by SAP may be found at: http://www.sap.com/company/legal/copyright/trademark.epx UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States, other countries or both. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries or both. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries or both. Intel, Intel Xeon, Itanium and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. AMD Opteron is a trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Java and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. TPC-C and TPC-H are trademarks of the Transaction Performance Processing Council (TPPC). SPECint, SPECfp, SPECjbb, SPECweb, SPECjAppServer, SPEC OMP, SPECviewperf, SPECapc, SPEChpc, SPECjvm, SPECmail, SPECimap and SPECsfs are trademarks of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corp (SPEC). NetBench is a registered trademark of Ziff Davis Media in the United States, other countries or both. AltiVec is a trademark of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Other company, product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.
Revised June 15, 2006
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