Ordering number : EP120
SANYO Amorphous Solar Cells Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells Amorphous Photosensors
'04-04
TOKYO OFFICE Tokyo Bldg., 1-10, 1 Chome, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO, 110-8534 JAPAN Telephone: 81-(0)3-3837-6339, 6340, 6342, Facsimile: 81-(0)3-3837-6377 SANYO Electric Co.,Ltd. Semiconductor Company Homepage
URL; http://www.semic.sanyo.co.jp/index_e.htm
This catalog provides information as of April, 2004. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. Printed in Japan / April 2004 2k CH
The development of the solar cell is progressing with rapid speed. As a new energy tool which can effectively harness the amazing power of sunlight, solar cells have the potential to replace fossil fuels as our main means of power generation. Solar energy is both a clean and inexhaustible resource, and it can be used to produce electricity wherever and whenever sunlight is available. Amorphous silicon in particular has a high application potential for use in solar cells. When compared with conventional crystal silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells have a number of advantages. They can be manufactured using less energy and fewer raw materials which potentially lowers production costs. Other benefits include the physical flexibility afforded by their thin-film construction, their ability to be fabricated into large-area cells and the potential for innovative designs in new applications.
The Concept Behind Solar Cell Power Generation Solar cell power is generated using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors. When a semiconductor is exposed to a light source of suitable intensity, a large number of pairs of an electron and a positive hole are generated as a result of the reciprocal action between photons and silicon atoms. At a p/n junction between two different semiconductor materials, the electrons are diffused in the n-type material and the positive holes are scattered in the ptype material. They are then collected at both electrodes respectively, resulting in a voltage difference between the electrodes. When an external load is connected, electricity flows through the load. In this way, an a-Si solar cell converts light energy into electricity and supplies power to external loads. Light
SANYO has focused on the development of amorphous silicon solar cells for a long time, and through extensive research has developed an intergrated-type amorphous solar cell called ''Amorton''. Amorton features a new structural configuration and is produced using SANYO's original manufacturing method
Transparent electrode
p
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − − + − + + +
n
−
−
Metal electrode
− −
− −
− −
− −
Load
i
①Sunlight is limitless Sunlight, as an energy source for power generation, is not only limitless, but can be used free of charge.
②Clean energy Since light is directly converted to electricity, the conversion process, unlike that of a mechanical power generation system, is both clean and noise-free and does not produce toxic waste by-products.
③Power is generated at a fixed rate of efficiency Regardless of the size of cells, power is generated at optimum efficiency.
④Consistent power generation Power can be generated whenever a light source, either natural or artificial, is available.
⑤Power generation is possible even using diffused light +
which takes full advantage of the unique properties of amorphous silicon.
Features of Solar Generated Power
Electric current
Diffused light, as well as direct light, can be turned into electricity.
−
−
− −
− −
− − −
− Electron
+
Positive hole
Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells Solar cells are classified according to the material employed, i.e., crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, and compound semiconductor solar ceIIs ''Amorphous'' refers to objects having no definite Shape and is defined as non-crystal material. Unlike crystal silicon, in which atomic arrangements are regular, amorphous silicon features irregular atomic arrangements as shown in the figures below. As a result, the reciprocal action between photons and silicon atoms occurs more frequently in amorphous silicon than in crystal silicon, allowing much more light to be absorbed. Thus, an ultra-thin amorphous silicon film of less than 1μm can be produced and used for power generation. Also, by utilizing metal or plastics for the substrate, flexible solar cells can be produced. Amorton is an integrated amorphous silicon solar cell which has been developed by SANYO. Amorton uses silane (SiH4) as its source gas and is fabricated using a plasma CVD method. Three amorphous silicon layers ── p-layer, i-layer, and n-layer ── are formed consecutively on a glass substrate. This p-i-n junction corresponds to the p/n junction of a crystal silicon solar cell. In the process of this junction formation, a number of cells are connected in series on a substrate at one time. This allows any desired voltage to be obtained for a variety of equipment operation.
Amorphous
Crystal
Precautions in Handling Amorton and Amorphous Photosensors Do not scratch the rear surface with a hard object because it could damage amorphous silicon (1μm thick active layer) and causes electrical malfunction even though the surface is protected by resin coating. ● Becareful not to get injured with the sharp edges of the substrate material (glass or stainless steel). ● Employ robust and airtight encapsulation when the cell is expected to receive mechanical shocks by falling objects or exposed to harsh weather conditions. Note shattered glass pieces can cause injury and humid environment can damage the cell. ●
Avoid touching the cell in the daytime because you may get burned with heat particularIy when the insolation is strong. ● Do not touch the light-receiving side with bare hands because it stains the surface and affect electrical output. ● Static electricity can damage the cell. As it deemed necessary, consider a proper method to remove static electricity. ● Store in cool, Iow-humid environment without corrosive gas to avoid possible damages to the cell. ● Consider faiI-safe or prolixity in your product design. ●
■Any and all SANYO products described or contained herein do not have specifications that can handle applications that require extremely high levels of reliability, such as life-support systems, aircraft's control systems, or other applications whose failure can be reasonably expected to result in serious physical and/or material damage. Consult with your SANYO representative nearest you before using any SANYO products described or contained herein in such applications. ■SANYO assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein. ■Specifications of any and all SANYO products described or contained herein stipulate the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products in the independent state, and are not guarantees of the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products as mounted in the customer's products or equipment. To verify symptoms and states that cannot be evaluated in an independent device,the customer should always evaluate and test devices mounted in the customer's products or equipment. ■SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. strives to supply high-quality high-reliability products. However, any and all semiconductor products fail with some probability. It is possible that these probabilistic failures could give rise to accidents or events that could endanger human lives, that could give rise to smoke or fire, or that could cause damage to other property. When designing equipment, adopt safety measures so that these kinds of accidents or events cannot occur. Such measures include but are not limited to protective circuits and error prevention circuits for safe design, redundant design, and structural design. ■In the event that any or all SANYO products(including technical data,services) described or contained herein are controlled under any of applicable local export control laws and regulations,such products must not be exported without obtaining the export license from the authorities concerned in accordance with the above law. ■No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or any information storage or retrieval system,or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. ■Any and all information described or contained herein are subject to change without notice due to product/technology improvement, etc. When designing equipment, refer to the "Delivery Specification"for the SANYO product that you intend to use. ■Information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only ; it is not guaranteed for volume production. SANYO believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties.
1
2
Amorton Indexes
Features High-Voltage Applications with One Substrate
Large cells
An integrated-type amorphous silicon solar cell, ''Amorton", can be made Into modules which, when connected in a sufficient number in series on a substrate during cell formation, can generate even extremely high voltage output levels.
Amorphous silicon solar cells are formed using a plasma reaction of silane, allowing large-area solar cells to be fabricated much more easily than with conventional crystal silicon.
Shapes to meet your need
A wide range of substrate materials
Amorton can be fabricated in a variety of forms ── square, round, or virtually any shape imaginable. Various module shapes are also available according to specific requirements.
Amorphous silicon can be deposited onto a vast array of insulation materials Including glass and ceramics, metals such as stainless steel, and plastics.
The features of Amorton are shown by the current-voltage curve in the figure. The curve changes depending on the radiant light intensity and the surrounding temperature.
Isc Pmax
Current
Iop
Voc : open-circuit voltage Isc
: short-circuit current
Vop : optimum operating voltage lop
Applications (Example)
Pmax : maximum output Vop Voltage
Current-Voltage Curve
Output Characteristics ■ Indoor use
Typical Cell Characteristics (25° C)
Artificial light, such as fluorescent and incandescent light, is used indoors. The illumlnance of these light sources ranges from 20 lux to 1,000 lux. Indoors, therefore, Amorton is most suitable for small equipment such as electronic calculators. Please use under 1,000 lux.
Open-circuit voltage
Short-circuit current
Maximum output
0.63V/cell
17.0μA/cm
2
0.5
Isc 20
0.2
Iope 10
0.1
[
5
Glass / TCO / p-SiC / i-Si / n-Si / metal Light
TCO / p-SiC / i-Si/ n-Si / metal / IL / SUS Light
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
2
50
100
200
500 1000
1.0
FL200Lux
22
0.8
Voc
20 18
0.6 0.4
Isc
16
0.2
Iope
Voltage V/cell
50
Current μA/cm 2
[
5
1.0
Voc
Voltage V/cell
Current μA/cm 2
] Current μA/cm 2
100 ]
Amorphous silicon solar cells can produce many combinations using a wide variety of substrate materials. Typical junctional configurations for Sanyo's solar cells are described in the two categories shown below:
10
FL200Lux
25° C
FL200Lux
15
2
7.0μW/cm
25° C
Basic Junctional Configurations
Light source
[
chargers, deodorizers
[
● Battery
[
testers, educational tools
]
● Remoto control units, radios,
clocks, stopwatches
]
● Wrist Watches,
thermometers, scales
Voc
]
● Electronic calculators,
: optimum operating current
14 −20
0
20
40
60
80
Voltage[V/cell]
Illuminance[Lux] (FL)
Temperature[° C]
Current-Voltage Characteristics of a Cell
Output Illuminance Dependency Characteristics
Output Temperature Dependency Characteristics
FL: Fluorescent Light Voc: Open-circuit voltage Isc: short-circuit Current lope: Operating Current
■ Indoor Configurations Glass substrate
TCO p
TCO p a-Si i n Metal electrode
i n Metal electrode Insulation film
Amorphous silicon solar cells can be directly connected in series according to electrode patterns. Amorton, an Integrated amorphous silicon solar cell, allows many cells to be arranged on one substrate and connected in series. There are two types of Amorton for indoor use: TypeⅠ , in which cells are connected at their edges, and TypeⅡ, in which cells are connected along the entire length of their sides.
Metal electrode a-Si Glass substrate TCO
Type -Ⅰ Metal electrode Glass substrate TCO
Stainless steel substrate
TCO: Transparent electrode IL: Insulation film SUS: Stainless steel substrate
3
a-Si
Type -Ⅱ
4
Solar CeIl Output and Light Sources ■ Outdoor Use
Typical Cell Characteristics (25° C)
Natural light ranges in iIIuminance from 10,000 lux to 100,000 lux(AM-l.5, 100mW/cm2) or more. Amorton is suitable outdoors for compact equipment such as chargers.
Open-circuit voltage
0.84V/cell
Short-circuit current
13.3mA/cm
Maximum output 2
Light source 2
The output of solar cells differ depending on the categories of light sources to which they are exposed. This is because photoelectric conversion efficiency changes with respect to the wavelength and Intensity of the light.
2
7.48mW/cm
AM-1.5,100mW/cm
25° C 25° C 15
20
1 Categories of light sources
]
Current mA/cm 2
5
0.5
Isc
[
[
5
[
]
10
1.0
Voc
Iope
2
Voltage V/cell
10
The general light source for solar ceIIs is sunlight out of doors, and fluorescent or incandescent light Indoors. The following outline describes the various categories:
]
AM-1.5,100mW/cm Current mA/cm 2
2.0
2
0.2
Light Source Sunlight
1 0 0.4
0.6
Voltage V/cell
10
0.8
20
50
100
3
]
0.2
[
0
Current─Voltage Characteristics of a Cell
Outer space (solar light at global average revolution orbit)
AM-1
When the sun is directly overhead
Output Illuminance Dependency Characteristics
Incandescent Light
General-use incandescent light, Halogen Lamp
(0m above sea level at the equator, vertical sunlight at meridian passage) Fluorescent Light
When zenithal angle
AM-1.5
Illumlnance[×10 Lux] (SS)
Artificial Light
AM-0
(Sun light angle 0° when sun is directly overhead) is 48° .
Other
Daylight, white, and warm white colors
Electric Discharge Lamp
Mercury-vapor lamp, Natrium lamp, xenon lamp
AM-2 (when zenithal angle is 60° ), etc.
measure at AM-1.5,100mW/cm2
2 Brightness When sunlight and fluorescent light are compared in terms of brightness, the results are shown as follows:
100
0.8
Isc
14
0.6
12
0.4
Iope 10
lope[%]
16
Voltage V/cell
] Current mA/cm 2
1.0
Voc
[
18
]
AM-1.5,100mW/cm2
80
Condition
40
Fluorescent Light
Illuminance(lux)
Very fine weather
20
0.2
Sunlight
Light Source
60
Condition
100,000 ∼ 120,000
Illuminance(lux)
Design stand
(partially illuminated)
∼1,000∼
Fine Weather
50,000 ∼ 100,000
Office/Conference room
300∼600
Cloudy
10,000 ∼ 50,000
Restaurants/coffee shops
Below 200
[
0 −20
0
20
40
60
0
80
200
400
600
800
Exposure Test[ days]
Temperature[° C]
Rain
Output Temperature Dependency Characteristics
5,000 ∼ 20,000
SS: Solar Simulator(False solar light source) Voc: Open-circuit Voltage Isc: Short-circuit Current lope: Operating Current
3 Radiant spectrum of light source and spectral sensitivity of solar cells ■ Outdoor Configuration
1.0
Amorton for outdoor use has the above-mentioned Type Ⅱ configuration to reduce output loss under high illuminance.
Metal electrode 0.9
Conductive paste TCO
Type Ⅱ
lnsulatlng paste
Terminal Configurations Type A type
Lead wire With
B type
Details Covered by resin coat.
Use
CA type
With
Sunlight spectral (AM-1.5)
0.7
Fluorescent light (white color)
0.6 0.5
1.0
a-Si Solar cells
0.8
0.4 c-Si Solar cells 0.3 0.2
0.6 Luminous level of human beings
0.4
0.1 0 0.4
Cannot be soldered. A heat seal is usable. Lead wire can be attached.
0.8
0.2
Outdoor
Without C type
Radiant spectrum intensity (Relative value)
Glass substrate
Indoor
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
Solar cell spectral sensitivity (Relative value)
a-Si
1.2
Wave length[μm]
C type terminal with lead wire. Additional details available on request.
5
6
■ Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells
Amorton List
Amorton Film If you require Amorton other than on this list, please consult us.
●Specifications 1 lndoor use Typical Operating Characteristics(Initial) Model FL200Lux
External dimensions (mm)
Weight (g)
FL50Lux(Reference Value)
If you require Amorton other than on this Iist, please consult us.
Amorton Film is an exceptionally thin, light and flexible amorphous silicon solar cell fabricated on plastic film. In addition to these advantages, Amorton Film is also resistant to crack. Its standard configuration includes protective film covering the amorphous silicon solar ceII which measures about 0.4mm in overaII thickness.
Light
Protective film Grid electrode
AM-1407
1.5V-11.5μA
1.4V- 2.85μA
38.0 × 12.5
1.3
AM-1411
1.5V- 8.0μA
1.4V- 2.00μA
29.6 × 11.8
1.0
AM-1417
1.5V-12.5μA
1.4V- 3.10μA
35.0 × 13.9
1.3
AM-1424
1.5V-20.0μA
1.4V- 5.00μA
53.0 × 13.8
2.0
AM-1437
1.5V- 8.0μA
1.4V- 2.00μA
29.6 × 11.8
1.0
AM-1454
1.5V-31.0μA
1.4V- 7.75μA
41.6 × 26.3
3.0
n
TCO p i
a-Si
AM-1456
1.5V- 5.3μA
1.4V- 1.30μA
25.0 × 10.0
0.7
Metal electrode
AM-1513
1.8V-15.0μA
1.6V- 3.75μA
55.0 × 13.5
2.0
Plastic film substrate
AM-1801
3.0V-18.5μA
2.6V- 4.60μA
53.0 × 25.0
3.6
Protective film
AM-1805
3.0V-15.5μA
2.6V- 3.85μA
55.0 × 20.0
3.0
AM-1815
3.0V-42.0μA
2.6V-10.50μA
58.1 × 48.6
7.8 ※Glass thickness is 1.1mm.
Amorton Film configuration
●Specifications
2 Outdoor use
TypicaI Operating Characteristics(Initial)
Typical Operating Characteristics(Initial) Model
2
100mW/cm
Weight (g)
Model
AT-7664
Extarnal dimensions(mm)
2
Weight(g)
SS 50k Lux (Reference value)
100mW/cm
SS 50k Lux(Reference Value)
3.0V-104.0mA
3.0V- 46.5mA
73.0 × 112.0 × 0.4
4
AM-5204
1.0V- 75.0mA
1.0V- 33.0mA
31.2 × 58.9
8.2
AM-5302
1.5V-105.0mA
1.5V- 47.0mA
31.2 × 117.8
16.3
AT-7665
3.0V- 38.6mA
3.0V- 17.3mA
58.4 × 56.0 × 0.4
2
AT-7666
3.0V-343.0mA
3.0V-154.0mA
146.0 × 167.5 × 0.4
13
AM-5412
2.0V- 39.0mA
2.0V- 17.2mA
50.1 × 33.1
7.3
AM-5605
3.0V-113.0mA
3.0V- 51.0mA
62.3 × 117.8
32.5
AT-7963
4.5V-223.0mA
4.5V-100.0mA
146.0 × 167.5 × 0.4
13
15.0V-134.0mA
15.0V- 60.5mA
292.0 × 168.0 × 0.4
25
15.0V-269.0mA
15.0V-121.0mA
292.0 × 336.0 × 0.4
50
External dimensions(mm)
Weight(g)
AM-5608
3.0V- 36.0mA
3.0V- 16.0mA
60.1 × 41.3
11.0
AT-7S63
AM-5610
3.0V- 5.0mA
3.0V- 2.2mA
25.0 × 20.0
2.2
AT-7S64
AM-5611
3.0V- 3.2mA
3.0V- 1.4mA
33.4 × 10.0 ★
0.9
AM-5613
3.0V- 31.5mA
3.0V- 14.0mA
60.1 × 36.7
9.8
AM-5710
3.5V- 32.0mA
3.5V- 14.0mA
AM-5902
4.5V- 60.0mA
4.5V- 27.0mA
62.3 × 37.0 ★ 150.0 × 37.5
6.3 25.0
AM-5904
4.5V- 10.0mA
4.5V- 4.3mA
40.1 × 33.1
5.9
AM-5907
4.5V- 44.7mA
4.5V- 19.7mA
75.0 × 55.0
18.3
AM-5909
4.5V- 22.2mA
4.5V- 9.8mA
60.1 × 41.3
11.0
AM-5910
4.5V- 88.5mA
4.5V- 39.0mA
100.1 × 82.6
36.6
AM-5912
4.5V- 15.4mA
4.5V- 6.8mA
42.9 × 47.2 ★
AM-5913
4.5V- 30.1mA
4.5V- 13.3mA
60.1 × 55.1
AM-5914
4.5V- 23.2mA
4.5V- 10.2mA
50.1 × 55.1 ★
5.6 14.7 7.5
AM-5C03
6.0V- 28.0mA
6.0V- 12.5mA
75.0 × 55.0
18.3
AM-5D01
6.5V- 11.0mA
6.5V- 4.8mA
100.0 × 18.0
8.0
AM-5E02
7.0V- 23.3mA
7.0V- 10.3mA
75.0 × 55.0
18.3
AM-5S04
15V- 22.0mA
15V- 9.7mA
124.5 × 57.0 ★
19.3
AM-5S05
15V- 15.0mA
15V- 6.5mA
124.5 × 39.3 ★
13.4
AM-5S06
15V- 11.0mA
15V- 4.9mA
124.5 × 29.5 ★
10.0
AM-7A03
5.3V-250.0mA
5.3V-113.0mA
150.0 × 165.0
110
AM-7D08
7.0V-190.0mA
7.0V- 85.0mA
150.0 × 165.0
110
AM-7S03
15V- 77.0mA
15V- 34.5mA
150.0 × 165.0
110
Note: The above table shows standard weights without lead.
7
External dimensions (mm)
Flexible Amorton Formed on a stainless steel substrate, Flexible Amorton features thin and lightweight design and is also resistant to crack. It can also be configured Into virtually any shape including holes. In its standard configuration, the finished product is a mere 0.2mm thick. Flexible Amorton for use of watches, calculators products can be custom-made. Samples available upon request.
●Specifications (sample) EIectrical characteristics(Initial) ModeI Operating voltage(V)
AL-2402
1.5
Operating current(μA)
10.1
φ27.2 × 0.2
0.7
Specifications subject to change without notice.
※Glass thickness of Outdoor use is 1.8mm standard. GIass thickness of ★ marks model is 1.1mm.
8
■ Amorphous Photosensors
Features of Amorphous Photosensors
Amorphous Photosensors Configuration
AMORPHOUS PHOTOSENSOR is a kind of PHOTO DIODE, and can detect light and its intensity.
Amorphous Photosensor power is generated using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors as well as Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell. When a semiconductor is exposed to a light source of suitable intensity,a large number of pairs of an electron and positive hole are generated as a result of the reciprocal action between photons and silicon atoms.They are then collected at both electrodes respetively, resulting in a voltage difference between the electrodes.
Amorphous visible-light photosensor〈 AM-30-28〉 Human eye spectral sensitvity Single crystal Silicon Photosensor
Electric current[A]
Relative sensitivity
1
0.5
10- 4
〈AM-30-15〉
〈AM-30-28〉
10- 5
Light
+
p
i
10- 6
500
600
700
800
+
+
+ +
+ +
+
103
104
Wavelength[nm]
lIIuminance[Lux]
Spectral SensItivIty of Amorphous Photosensor
Dependence of lsc Characteristics on Illumination
: Effective Area
Metalel ectrode
Effective Area Pattern shapes (Example)
High Sensitivity detection within the visible-light spectrum
Output current is proportional to illumination
Flexibility in pattern shaping or sizing
Human eyes are sensitive to the light wavelength ranging from approximately 400nm to 700nm. Amorphous photosensors have sensitivity in the same range and provide light sensing capability similar to human eyes.
Accurate light detection is possible because output current increases proportionally to the illuminance.
Amorphous photosensors provide flexible designing in size and shape to fit your needs.
+ + −
−
n 102
+
+
−
−
+ −
+ +
+
10
+
+
−
10- 7
1
900 1000
+
+
10- 8 400
(+)Anode
Transparent electrode
+
−
−
− − − − − − − − − − − − − − − −
(−)Cathode
− Electron
+
〈Configuration〉
Positive hole
Amorphous Photosensors Circuit Diagram (Example) OP amplifier detects photosensor output current and convert to voltage. The signal is linearly amplified.
Rf
Vout
Photosensor
Applications (Example)
Op amplifier
〈Circuit Diagram (Example)〉
Amorphous Photosensors List
Exposure Control Adjusting Luminosity LCD Back Light
■ Camera
■ Cellular Phone ■ Mobile Products ■ Car Navigation System
MODEL
Number of Elements
External dimensions(mm)
Short-circuit Current TYP.
AM-30-11
1
14.0 ×13.0 (GLASS 1.1t)
17.7μA※1
Lighting Control
AM-30-15
2
5.05× 3.05(GLASS 0.7t)
■ Street Light ■ Garden Light
AM-30-16
3
5.05× 3.05(GLASS 0.7t)
AM-30-26
1
2.1 × 2.0 (GLASS 0.4t)
1.2μA※2
AM-30-28
1
5.0 × 3.0 (GLASS 0.7t)
7.5μA※2
Dark Current(VR = 50mV)MAX. ──
Center Area
: 80nA※2
Center Area
: 100pA
Around Area
: 2.8μA※2
Around Area
: 100pA
Center Area
: 50nA※2
Center Area
: 100pA
Around Area (InsIde)
: 0.4μA※2
Around Area (InsIde)
: 100pA
Around Area (OutsIde) : 1.3μA※2
Adjusting Image Location ■ Projection TelevIsion
Around Area (OutsIde) : 100pA 10pA 10pA ※1 : at 200Lux, White FIuorescent Light ※2 : at 1000Lux, Fluorescent Light for color illuminator
: Effective Area
5.05
2.1
3.0
1.2 2.0
3.05
1.4
3.05
8.7
13.0
5.0
2.2
5.05
1.15
14.0
0.88
9
11.9
2.15
1.72
〈AM-30-11〉
〈AM-30-15〉
〈AM-30-16〉
0.84
〈AM-30-26〉
3.1
〈AM-30-28〉
10