Salmon management and Sport fishing a Swedish perspective - 2012
Torne river
Kalix river Råne river
Pite river
Åby river Byske river
% of commercial catch in the Baltic Sea 2011
River
56
Torne and Kalix rivers
7
Indalsälven
5
Luleälven
4
Vindelälven
4
Byskeälven
3
Skellefteälven
3
Iijoki
2
Ångermanälven
2
Simojoki
2
Åbyälven
2
Oulujoki
1
Emån
1
Umeälven
1
Råneälven
1
Neumunas
1
Ljungan
1
Dalälven
1
Mörrumsån
1
Parnu
Post-smolt survival
60
Trend for wild salmon?
30 20 0
10
Postsmolt survival is decreasing
Survival (%)
40
50
Wild salmon Reared salmon
1990
1995
2000
2005
Year
3000000
Longline fishing has increased
2500000
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000
0 2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Longline fishing effort Baltic Sea geardays per year ICES
Salmon at fish ladders Pite- and Kalix river 10000 8890 8479
8232
8000 6838
6561
6489 6173
6000 4607 3891
4000
3192
3163
2562
2000
1378
1418
1628 1048
1012
863
544
518
723
1017 532
597
*2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
0 *Preliminary
Problems • Previous Salmon management saw rivers as only smolt production units and Salmon catch is localized to coast and sea phase.
• That results in a biologically unsound fishery where catch is practised on mixed river stocks. Therefore weak river stocks are having extreme difficulties recovering. • Even in ”strong rivers” the number of returning Salmon is too small to allow for the development of Salmon fishing tourism.
Even strong rivers currently cannot develop sport fishing tourism. Baltic Salmon rivers are uncompetitive as sport fishing destinations Salmon per sport fisherman and day 2011-2012 8 7
7,1
6 5 4
4
3
1,8
2
1 0
0,22
0,5
0,35
0,3
0,4
0,11
0,1
0,06 0,03
Due to low salmon returns and river catches Baltic Salmon rivers are not on the map as sport fishing destinations
www.roxtons.com
Present management is preventing development and income possibilities for river basins
• Fishing on the River Tweed generates 21.7 million € annually to the local economy and directly supports 487 full-time jobs. Anglers each spend on average 228 € per day in the area compared to just 61.8 € by other (nonfishing) visitors to the area. • Fishing on the River Spey generates 14 million € annually to the local economy and directly supports 401 full-time jobs. • Sport fishing in Canada for Atlantic salmon generated more than 97 million € 2010 • Sport fishing in Scotland generates 132.5 million € annually and more than 2 500 full-time jobs. • Ireland 11 million € generated by sport fishing for Salmon 2003. 42% of sport fishermen are overseas tourists.
• Normal price for fishing for Salmon at better fishing camps in Russia starts at 6 300 € per week. (Tweed fishery board, Spey fishery board, Swedish agency for regional and economic growth)
EU Commission´s proposed multiannual plan for Baltic Salmon
Total allowable catch (TAC) at sea shall not exceed the 0,1 fishing mortality rate. This still allows for a continuation of mixed stock fisheries at sea including weak rivers. Sweden has stopped its sea fishery – protecting its small scale coastal fishery. When will Finland do the same?
Sea fishery on mixed salmon stocks is a fishery on weak and endangered populations.
(Salmon at Hednäs located at 40 km of 170km)
EU´s proposed multiannual plan for Baltic Salmon Reared salmon restocking will be phased out within 7 years. This if a the river does not have possibility of free migration and suitable habitat. This means that compensatory releases of ca. 3,7 million smolt in Sweden and Finland could stop = 2 x Torne river at 100 % smolt production
EU´s proposed multiannual plan for Baltic Salmon Hydro electric industry should always compensate for the damage they cause. Releases should only be seen as a last resort and should be phased out but only when compensation can be achieved by river restoration or creation of salmon habitat equal to direct restocking.
Is straying a Problem? How big a problem?
Straying reared salmon = Adipose fin clipped
Åby river Kalix river
2010-2011 2008-2011
Wild salmon with adipose fin
0 strayers detected at fish ladder 1 strayer detected of 25 000 fish
Byske river max 5 strayers per year of total rod catch of approx. 300 fish per year
The recreational value of sport fishing based upon reared salmon? •Älvkarleby had approx. 13 500 fishing days 2010 and has approx. 21 600 fishing days during a good salmon year. The total value of fishing tourism to Älvkarleby was ca. 1,75 million € 2010. •Skellefte river within Skellefteå has ca. 11 000 fishing days per year. Within city and easily available fishing appreciated by users including immigrants, unemployed and socially at risk. •Lule river at Boden has ca. 12 000 fishing days per year. Tourism value ca. 700 000 € per year.
Salmon Management Future Goals What sportfishing needs for development •Baltic Salmon management should be based upon the principal that wild salmon should be allowed to return to their home river for reproduction and harvest based upon each rivers specific capacity. Close the mixed stock fishery. •Create a goal for numbers of returning spawners for each river.
•Smolt productions short term goal must be at least 90 % of potential, long term goal 100%.
Current Regulation of Sportfishing in Sweden National Reglations •1 Salmon per fisherman and day •Closed fishing during Spawning season •Start date for sportfishing in weak salmon rivers •Regulation of trolling fishery? Local Regulations and Policy •Catch no kill for salmon e.g. Kåge river •Catch no kill for sea trout e.g. Ängesån river
Future Regulation of recreational fishing in Sweden? Greater need for local regulations: •Seasonal bag limit for total number of salmon per sport and house hold fisherman. •Regulation of trolling fishery. •Regulation of sea trout fishing in northern rivers and associated coastal areas. Sweden has since 2006 seasonal closure of gillnet fishing in shallow coastal waters. Finland?
Without a just and share of the future Salmon resource important stake holders such as fisheries owners within river valleys see no value in the very resource they have a key part in managing.
Kiruna
Pajala
Gällivare
The Norrbotten Association of Local Authorities
Jokkmokk
Överkalix Övertorneå
Arjeplog
• Number of inhabitants: 253 000, 2.6 citizens per km² - 117 citizens per km2 EU average. • Area: 98 249 km², 16th largest country in EU, 25 % of Sweden's area.
