SAFE DRIVING MANUAL INDIAN FEDERATION OF ROAD SAFETY

Safe Driving Manual SAFE DRIVING MANUAL INDIAN FEDERATION OF ROAD SAFETY 1 SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUES CHECK BEFORE SITTING ON DRIVERS’ SEAT   Ens...
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Safe Driving Manual

SAFE DRIVING MANUAL INDIAN FEDERATION OF ROAD SAFETY

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SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUES CHECK BEFORE SITTING ON DRIVERS’ SEAT  

Ensure that records of the vehicle are with you Check the tyre pressure, radiator water or coolant, engine oil, distilled water levels in battery Ensure that head lights, signal lights, brake lights clean and operating properly Make sure that number plates are clean and clearly visible Clean the wind screen glass Make sure that there is no obstacle or animal under the vehicle and in front and rear of the vehicle is clear.

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AFTER SITTING ON THE DRIVERS’ SEAT  

Adjust the seat so as all the controls can be operated without discomfort Fix the seat belt placing the buckle properly or wear the helmet in case of two wheeler Adjust the rear view mirror Ensure that all the doors are closed and locked Make sure gear is in neutral position

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Don’t operate self-starter for more than 15 seconds at a time, wait for few seconds before retry PRECAUTIONS JUST BEFORE MOVING THE VEHICLE    

Check the ammeter, it should show the positive side Check the engine oil pressure gauge, it should show between 1.5 to 4.8 kg.cm Check the audiovisual warnings for charging of the battery, engine oil pressure, for properly closing of the doors and for releasing the hand brake Ensure that all the doors are closed and locked

The Defensive Driving code 1) Care, courtesy and consideration for other road users. 2) Knowledge of traffic rules and regulations. 3) Alertness for the illegal acts and driving errors of other drivers. 4) Concern for accident prevention regardless of who is in the right. 5) Adjust the driving habit according to the condition of road, traffic and climate DRIVING ON CANALISED ROADS     

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Before changing lane, check traffic ahead of you and see in rear view traffic behind you Give a turn signal to communicate your intention to change lane Just before moving into the other lane, quickly glance over your shoulder and check for any vehicles that may be in your blind spot On a two-lane road, keep to the left except when you interned to overtake or turn right or if there is any obstacle on your way On a four lane road left lane is for slow

SAFE TWO WHEELER DRIVING      



Apply both brakes at the same time smoothly for slowing and stopping your two-wheeler. It is the most efficient way to stop the motorcycle. Strong breeze, insects or dust can cause sudden, temporary blindness leading to loss of control over the vehicle. Wear goggles or helmet visors to protect your eyes. Never negotiate a corner too fast. Reduce speed before entering the turn. Don’t apply brakes once started taking a turn. Always shift to lower gear while slowing down. It provides good grip and easy braking. Never position yourself in the blind spot of the driver ahead. Skidding: Skidding occurs as a result of excessive speed and poor judgment while negotiating corners and avoiding pedestrians and animals. Slippery or uneven surfaces like oil, water, sand, mud and potholes will affect the motorcycle’s road grip and consequently its balance. If your see slippery or uneven road, slow down before reaching poor road surface. Do not apply brakes on the slippery road. Zigzag driving is dangerous; do not attempt to cut lanes. Always show the proper signal while changing the lane.

ROUNDABOUTS Most of the towns and city roads of our country have round about junctions, where there are no traffic lights. Drivers are expected to negotiate them cautiously. These roundabouts facilitate smooth flow of traffic. While negotiating a roundabout, follow these rules.     

While approaching a roundabout slowdown and give way to the vehicles already on the roundabout and allow them to go first. Take left lane or outer lane for left turn. Show the left turn signal before you leave the roundabout to turn left. To go straight or take right turn show the right turn signal on the approach of roundabout. Sue the central or right lane for going straight or taking a right turn. Before taking any turn. Show the left turn signal to exit the roundabout. Vehicles leaving the roundabout has right of way.

PRECAUTIONS AT ROAD JUNCTION AND TURNINGS 

When approaching road junction be prepared with your foot off the acceleration and poised over the brake.



Makeup your mind well in advance of reaching the turning point. Last minute decisions often cause accidents. Move to the proper lane well in advance of reaching the intersection. Do allow space for vehicles for free left turn - do not block the left lane at junctions where free left is permitted. Drivers on a minor road must yield to traffic on a major road. Before passing an intersection, look to the right first, because the traffic coming from the right will be closer, then look to the left and take one quicker look to the right.

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Control your speed well before entering the curve and shift to the lower gear. It will help you keep control over the vehicle. Stay on your own side of the road on left hand curves, never cut the corner on right hand curve. Indication for turnings are given 30 meters before the turning While approaching a road crossing move into the appropriate lane at least 50m before you reaching the junction. i.e., Choose left hand lane if you intend to turn left, right hand lane when going to the right and center lane when going to straight.

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BLIND SPOTS 

Blind spots are danger areas, which cannot be seen by the driver in front or in rear view mirror. Avoid driving in someone else’s blind spot, speed up or drop back to move from the other drivers’ blind spot Before moving any sideways movement, such as changing lane or passing another vehicle, quickly turn your head to check for vehicles, which are in blind spot

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REVERSING Since you cannot see everything behind your vehicle, reversing requires extra caution. Remember the following tips:   

Look at your reversing path before you begin. Reverse slowly, using mirrors. As far as possible, turn towards the driver’s side turning towards the other side is dangerous because of limited view behind. Never reverse from minor side road onto a major road. Fit reversing light and audio warning signals to your vehicle. In the case of heavy vehicles take the help of cleaner or conductor

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FUNDAMENTALS OF TRAFFIC RULES OVER TAKING 

Pass (over take) all the traffic proceeding in the same direction on the right side only. If the driver in front is indicated to turn right and road ahead is clear your may overtake on the left side.

DON’T OVER TAKE     

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If overtaking is likely to cause inconvenience or danger to other traffic Near a bend or corner or a hill If the road ahead is not clearly visible If the driver ahead has not singled to overtake If the vehicle following your vehicle has begun to overtake your vehicle

OVER TAKING NOT TO BE OBSTRUCTED 

The driver shall not prevent the other vehicle from passing his vehicle by increasing speed or in any other manner.

KEEP LEFT 

Always keep left and allow traffic in the opposite direction to pass on the right.

CAUTION AT ROAD JUNCTION 

The driver shall slowdown the vehicle speed when approaching a road junction or pedestrian crossing or a road corner and shall not enter any junction or corner in a manner likely to cause danger or inconvenience to other road users.

GIVE WAY AT ROAD JUNCTION 

If the traffic is not regulated at a road junction, the driver shall give way to the vehicles proceeding along the main road and in other junctions give way to all traffic approaching the junction on his right hand.

RIGHT OF WAY 

The pedestrians have the right of way at uncontrolled pedestrian crossings.

TAKING ‘U’ TURN 

The driver of a motor vehicle shall not take a ‘U-turn where ‘U-turn is prohibited or on busy traffic roads.

SPEED LIMITS The general maximum speed limits fixed under M.V. Act Light motor vehicle (Non transport) : No limit Motor cycles : 50 KMPH Lorries, Busses Taxies, Maxi cabs : 65 KMPH Articulated Vehicles : 50 KMPH 

The local authorities depending upon traffic or road conditions can fix lower speed limits.



Restrict your vehicle speed to 25 KMPH when passing a procession or workman engaged on road repairs.

DRINKING AND DRIVING A police officer in uniform may arrest any person without warrant, who drives a motor vehicle under the influence of Alcohol or drugs.

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And such person shall be punishable for first offence with imprisonment for a term first offence with imprisonment for a term up to 6 months or fine up to Rs. 2,000 or with both; for second or subsequent offence up to 2 years imprisonment or Rs. 3,000 fine or with both.

Drinking alcohol seriously affects your driving and increases the chances of accident due to following errors:      

Failure to take quick and safe decisions. Driving too fast Failure to use proper signals Eye muscles will be relaxed and may not focus properly Provokes the driver to violate traffic rules Loss of power to judge the safe following distance, stopping distance and distance of oncoming vehicle while at the time of overtaking

DUTY OF DRIVER IN CASE OF ACCIDENT If the vehicle is involved in accident and caused injury to any person or animal or property, it is the responsibility on the driver of such vehicle    

If it is not possible due to mob fury or other reason beyond his control to take all reasonable steps to secure medical aid for the injured Person by conveying him to the nearest police station. Report about the occurrence of the accident at the nearest police station within 24 hours and give information required by the police officer. Give the information to the insurer in writing disclosing the particulars of policy number and date, time, place of accident and injured persons

It shall be the duty every registered medical practitioner or doctor on duty in hospital immediately attends to the injured person renders medical aid without waiting for any procedural formalities.

FIRST AID Your concern may help save an accident victim’s life. Look after the injured, and give him/her the needed emergency care. Call the Ambulance and Police Control Room services. After the initial inspection of the injured, administer first aid as follows;    

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Get the injured to relax or rest in a comfortable position. If the injured is unconscious, there is a possibility of suffocation due to breathing being blocked by food particles. If the victim has a head or neck injury, it is not advisable to move him/her around. Leave him/her to rest until the ambulance and the doctor reach the spot. In case of incessant bleeding, a bandage should be tightly tied between the cut and the heart, to check the blood-flow from the wound. Preferably, carry a first-aid kit containing a roll of bandage, antiseptic lotion, cotton, painkiller and Band-Aid.

NO PARKING PLACES A driver shall not park the vehicle            

If it causes danger, obstruction or undue inconvenience to other road users. Near a road crossing, a bend, top of hill or hump backed bridge On a foot path Near a traffic light or pedestrian crossing. On a main road one carrying fast traffic Opposite another parked vehicle Alongside another parked vehicle On roads, where there is a continuous white line Near bus stop, School, or Hospital entrance Blocking a traffic sign or entrance to premises. On wrong side of the road. Where parking is prohibited.

ONE-WAY TRAFFIC 

A driver shall not drive a motor vehicle in opposite direction on roads declared as one-way

STOP LINE ON ROAD SURFACE 

A driver of motor vehicle shall not cross the stop line at a road junction or pedestrian crossing, when a signal being given by a traffic control light or policeman

USE OF HORN A driver of motor vehicle shall not;  Use the horn needlessly or continuously  Sound the horn in silent zones  Make use of cut out or with a muffler cause alarming sound  Fit and use multi toned horn giving harsh or loud or alarming noise OBEY TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SIGNALS A driver of motor vehicle shall obey;  Direction given by traffic control light or police officer  Any direction indicated by traffic sign or signal fixed at road junction. DISTANCE FROM VEHICLES IN FRONT 

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A driver of motor vehicle moving behind another vehicle shall keep at a sufficient distance from the other vehicles to avoid collision if the vehicle in front slows down or stops.

DRIVING ON CHANNELIZED ROADS SINGLE BROKEN

Separations of lanes on which travel in the same direction, with crossing from one to the other permitted SINGLE BROKEN

Separations of lanes on which travel is in the opposite direction, and where overtaking with care is permitted SINGLE SOLID

Separations of lanes or of a lane and should where lane changing is discouraged SINGLE SOLID

This line is found on busy main roads and traffic intersection. Here crossing this line and overtaking is prohibited. DOUBLE SOLID

Separation of lanes overtaking is prohibited in both directions. maneuvers across this marking are not permitted.

Right turn

SOLID PLUS BROKEN

This line is found on busy main roads and traffic intersection. Here crossing this line and overtaking is prohibited.

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HAND SIGNALS

About to turn to right Extend the right arm in a horizontal position outside of the vehicle and hold rigidly with the palm turned to the front

About to turn to Left Extend the right arm outside of the vehicle and rotate it in anti-clockwise direction

About to slow down Extend the right arm outside of the vehicle and with the palm down wards and move the arm up and down slowly several times

About to stop Extend the right arm outside of the vehicle and raise forearm vertically with palm turned o the front

To allow the Vehicle behind you to overtake Extend the right arm horizontally outside the vehicle and move backward and forward in semi-circular motion

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Road crashes are not road accidents. They are avoidable and need to be stopped. IFROS works to stop road deaths and provides awareness help and support among road users. Corporate Identity Number: U63090TG2009NPL063942. Registered with the Registrar of Companies, MCA. Licensed under section 25 of the Companies Act 1956 Copyright © IFROS, and the respective authors. Disclaimer: IFROS attests the accuracy and integrity of this document.

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