Comprehensive Route Evaluation

ROUTE 11 | BROAD ST ROUTE OVERVIEW Route 11 Broad Street is RIPTA’s heaviest ridership route and operates between the intersection of Broad and Eddy Street at the Cranston/Providence Line and Kennedy Plaza in downtown Providence, primarily along Broad Street. Route 11 is through-routed FIGURE 1 | ROUTE MAP with Route 99 North Main Street/Pawtucket, which operates between Kennedy Plaza and Pawtucket, and, in effect, operates as a single roué that operates between the Cranston/Providence Line and Pawtucket via downtown Providence. Planning is currently underway to implement R-Line Rapid Bus service along the entire Route 11/99 corridor, which will greatly upgrade corridor service. Route 11 serves the following areas, activity centers, and transit facilities: Areas §

Providence

§

Elmwood

§

South Providence

Activity Centers §

Kennedy Mall

§

Downtown Providence

§

Saint Joseph Hospital

§

Roger Williams Zoo and Park

§

Johnson & Wales University

Transit Centers §

Kennedy Plaza

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ALIGNMENT AND SERVICE PATTERNS Route 11 operates daily between the Cranston/Providence city line and Kennedy Plaza in downtown Providence as shown in Figure 1. Most of Route 11’s alignment is along Broad Street. In downtown Providence, Route 11 operates along Franklin Street/Empire Street and Washington Street to Kennedy Plaza. All service operates end-to-end in a consistent manner with a single inbound and single outbound variant (see Table 1). TABLE 1| SERVICE VARIANTS

VARIANT

UNIQUE FEATURE

TRIPS PER DAY WEEKDAY SAT

ORIGIN

DESTINATION

90

54

43

Broad City Line

Kennedy Plaza

90 (93*)

54

43

88

50

41

Kennedy Plaza

Broad City Line

88 (90*)

50

41

INBOUND D4V1P2 OUTBOUND D4V1P2

SUN

* 3 additional inbound school trips are also provided. 2 outbound school trips are also provided.

SIMILAR ROUTES AND TRANSFER OPPORTUNITIES Between its outer end and Elmwood Avenue, Route 11 provides unique service. However, between Elmwood Avenue and downtown, Route 11, and three other routes (Routes 20 Elmwood Avenue, 21 Reservoir Avenue, and 22 Pontiac Avenue) funnel together and all operate along Broad Street to downtown Providence. Combined, the four routes provide very frequent service–11 buses an hour during peak periods. However, schedules are not coordinated, and as a result, combined service frequencies are irregular. Route 11 operates to and from Kennedy Plaza in downtown Providence, where connections can be made with most other RIPTA routes. Connections can be made at other locations with: §

Routes 20 Elmwood Avenue, 21 Reservoir Avenue, and 22 Pontiac Avenue along Broad Street.

§

Route 6 Prairie/RWP Zoo Trolley at Prairie Avenue and Broad Street.

§

Route 1 Eddy/Gaspee at the southern terminus of the route.

As described above, Route 11 also offers through-city service to Pawtucket on Route 99 North Main/Pawtucket.

SCHEDULE Route 11 offers frequent service seven days per week (see Table 2). Weekday service begins at 5:10 AM inbound and at 5:40 AM outbound. The last inbound trip departs the Providence city line at 11:22 PM and the last outbound trip departs Kennedy Plaza at 12:04 AM. Weekday service generally departs every ten minutes, except in the late evening when headways increase to 15 to 36 minutes. There are three additional inbound and two additional outbound trips on school days that provide extra service scheduled at bell times. Saturday service begins at 5:10 AM and the last trip departs at 11:45 PM. Saturday headways are generally every 19 minutes but increase to every 40 minutes during the late evenings. Sunday service begins at 6:46 AM and the last trip departs at 11:05 PM. Sunday service departs every 22 minutes until the late evening, when headways increase to 37 to 46 minutes.

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TABLE 2 | SCHEDULE SUMMARY

SERVICE DAY

SPAN OF SERVICE

WEEKDAY

5:10 AM – 12:04 AM

ONE-WAY TRIPS IB OB

HEADWAY (MIN)#

93*

90*

1-36

Early AM

4:50 AM – 6:59 AM

12

8

10

AM Peak

7:00 AM – 8:59 AM

14

12

10

Midday

9:00 AM – 2:59 PM

36

36

10

PM Peak

3:00 PM – 5:59 PM

15

20

10

Night

6:00 PM – 7:15 PM

14

14

15-36

SATURDAY

5:10 AM – 11:45 PM

54

50

19-40

SUNDAY

6:46 AM – 11:05 PM

43

41

22-46

*Includes school trips. #Does not include school trips. Data is based on RIPTA schedules current to May 2012. Span of service indicates the span from the departure time of the first scheduled trip to the departure time of the last scheduled trip.

RIDERSHIP Route 11 is RIPTA’s highest ridership route, and carries 5,900 riders per weekday, 3,300 passengers per Saturday, and 2,000 passengers per Sunday (see Table 3). Ridership averages 31.7 passengers per trip on weekdays, 30.5 on Saturdays, and 23.0 on Sundays. TABLE 3 | RIDERSHIP BY TIME PERIOD

SERVICE DAY IB WEEKDAY

2,921

RIDERSHIP OB* TOTAL

IB

RIDERSHIP PER TRIP OB* AVG

RIDERSHIP PER TIME PERIOD HOUR IB OB* TOTAL

2,989

5,910

30.8

32.6

31.7

158

160

309

Early AM

217

80

297

18.6

10.7

15.7

119

61

163

AM Peak

553

374

927

39.8

30.3

35.3

279

189

468

1,283

1,350

2,633

35.1

37.4

36.3

215

226

440

551

784

1,335

34.5

39.2

37.0

185

263

448

Midday PM Peak Night SATURDAY SUNDAY

317

401

718

18.8

25.2

22.1

55

63

112

1,619

1,633

3,252

29.4

31.6

30.5

86

91

172

961

1,036

1,997

21.9

24.2

23.0

57

65

119

*Outbound offs are used due to through-city routing at Kennedy Plaza. Performance information is based on data from RIPTA.

WEEKDAY RIDERSHIP BY STOP Route 11 has 24 stops, most of which have 100 or more boardings per day (see Figure 2 and Figure 3). As the market review indicated, the Broad Street corridor is a very transit-supportive corridor with a number of student apartments, low-income communities, community centers, and activity centers. On inbound trips, three stops serve over 300 boardings and alightings per weekday. §

Broad Street opposite Parkis Street, with an average of 276 boardings and 105 alightings per day. This stop serves a residential area, a number of small businesses and the Community Mediation Center of Rhode Island (small claims court).

§

Broad Street at Thurbers Avenue, with 305 boardings and 54 alightings. This stop serves similar land uses to the Parkis Street stop, and the Broad Med Building, which houses a number of medical clinics.

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§

Broad Street at Montgomery Avenue, which is the outer end of the line and has 302 boardings.

FIGURE 2| WEEKDAY RIDERSHIP BY STOP MAP

Most other stops serve between 100 and 300 total boardings and alightings. However, a few stops have relatively low ridership, and these include: §

East Franklin Street at Washington Street, with five boardings and 31 alightings. Relatively low ridership is because this stop is just east of Interstate 95, which effectively cuts the stop’s catchment area in half.

§

Broad Street at Prairie Avenue, which is also adjacent to I-95. As with the East Franklin Street at Washington Street stop, the location adjacent to I-95 effectively cuts the stop’s catchment area in half. Furthermore, the Market Review indicates that transit demand in the immediate area is limited.

§

Broad Street opposite Chester Avenue, in front of Saint Joseph’s Hospital, which indicates that the hospital is not a significant draw for Route 11 riders.

Slightly over half of all passengers travel to or through Kennedy Plaza,1 and Kennedy Plaza is Route 11 busiest alighting stop, and busiest stop altogether, with 1,512 alightings per weekday. Other stops with large number of alightings include: §

Broad Street at the I-95 service road just outside of downtown, which serves Crossroads Rhode Island, which is a large center that provides shelter and services to the homeless, with 161 alightings.

1 Available data does not differentiate between passengers who alight at Kennedy Plaza and those who continue through onto Route 99 Providence/Pawtucket. However, the passenger survey that will be conducted in August 2012, will determine this split, and this information will be updated after that time.

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FIGURE 3| WEEKDAY RIDERSHIP BY STOP

Weekday Inbound

Ons and Offs by Stop

1400

2120 1855

Ons Offs

1200

1590

Loads

1000

1325

800

1060

600

795

400

530

200

265

Kennedy Plaza @ Berth J

Washington Near Side Greene

East Franklin Near Side Washington

Broad Near Side Service Rd 7

Broad Far Side Haskins

Broad Near Side Lockwood

Broad Near Side Portland

Broad @ Hayward

Broad Opposite Parkis

Broad Opposite Chester

Broad Near Side Public

Broad Near Side Potters

Broad Far Side Lillian

Broad Between Massie & Oxford

Broad Near Side Houston

Broad Far Side Thurbers

Broad Near Side Ella

Broad @ Prairie

Broad Far Side Early

Broad Far Side Cass

Broad Far Side Jillson

Broad Opposite Homer

Broad Near Side Farragut

0 Broad Far Side Montgomery

0

Load: Passengers On-Board Between Stops

1600

§

Broad Street at Lockwood Street, which serves Classical High School, with 157 alightings,

§

Broad Street opposite Parkis Avenue, where the Broad Med Building is located, with 105 alightings.

§

Washington Street at Greene Street in downtown, with 76 alightings.

Outbound ridership by stop is generally the reverse of inbound ridership.

RIDERSHIP BY TRIP Weekday Ridership by Trip Route 11 has high weekday ridership per trip throughout most of the day in both directions (see Figure 4). Ridership is higher inbound than outbound before 8:00 AM, and higher outbound on trips after 3:00 PM, which indicates that Route 11 is heavily used by commuters. In addition, ridership per trip is also very strong during the midday, which indicates that the route is also heavily used for other types of trips. In more detail: §

Ridership on trips before 6:40 AM is significantly lower than during peak periods and the midday but high relative to other RIPTA routes at 11 to 16 passengers per trip.

§

Trips during the AM peak typically carry 30 to 40 riders per trip. A cluster of inbound trips just before 8:00 AM each carry about 50 riders. Inbound ridership is higher than outbound ridership.

§

Midday ridership is also high, with trips generally carrying between 30 and 40 riders per trip. Some trips in the later half of the period carry up to 45 riders. Ridership is generally balanced between inbound and outbound trips during the first half of this period; after about noon, ridership on outbound trips begins to exceed ridership on inbound trips.

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FIGURE 4 | WEEKDAY AVERAGE RIDERSHIP PER TRIP 60

Weekday

Inbound Outbound

50

Riders per Trip

40

30

20

10

5:10 5:40 5:50 6:10 6:20 6:40 6:50 7:01 7:14 7:30 7:40 7:50 8:01 8:20 8:31 8:50 9:01 9:20 9:31 9:50 10:01 10:20 10:31 10:50 11:01 11:20 11:36 11:50 12:06 12:20 12:36 12:50 13:05 13:20 13:35 13:50 14:05 14:20 14:35 14:50 15:05 15:20 15:28 15:40 15:55 16:10 16:25 16:40 16:55 17:10 17:25 17:41 18:10 18:32 18:55 19:17 19:45 20:17 21:10 21:42 22:40 23:12 24:00

0

§

PM peak ridership continues the same baseline strong ridership level as seen during the AM peak and midday, around 30 to 40 riders per trip. A few select trips have higher ridership and average more than 50 riders. Outbound ridership continues to be higher than inbound ridership.

§

Ridership falls after 6:00 PM, particularly on the inbound trips. After 10:30 PM, trips average fewer than 20 riders.

Route 11 has a moderate amount of turnover along the route, and maximum loads average 73% of total ridership per trip. As a result, maximum loads on most trips average 30 or fewer riders (see Figure 5). A few trips, particularly those just before 8:00 AM, approach the seated capacity (36), but very few exceed it on a day-to-day basis. FIGURE 5 | WEEKDAY AVERAGE MAXIMUM LOAD PER TRIP 60

50

Weekday

Inbound Outbound

30

20

10

0 5:10 5:40 5:50 6:10 6:20 6:40 6:50 7:01 7:14 7:30 7:40 7:50 8:01 8:20 8:31 8:50 9:01 9:20 9:31 9:50 10:01 10:20 10:31 10:50 11:01 11:20 11:36 11:50 12:06 12:20 12:36 12:50 13:05 13:20 13:35 13:50 14:05 14:20 14:35 14:50 15:05 15:20 15:28 15:40 15:55 16:10 16:25 16:40 16:55 17:10 17:25 17:41 18:10 18:32 18:55 19:17 19:45 20:17 21:10 21:42 22:40 23:12 24:00

Riders per Trip

40

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However, there is a significant amount of variability from day-to-day, and as a result, a significant number of trips do operate with standing loads (see Table 4 and Figure 6). During the PM peak, 3.9% of trips operate at more than 120% of seated capacity, and during the AM peak, the percentage is more than twice as high, at 8.9%. A significant number of trips also exceed seated capacity between 11:00 AM and 12:00 PM, and at school dismissal times. To address this variable crowding, additional service is needed. TABLE 4 | TRIPS WITH LOADS EXCEEDING SEATED CAPACITY

NUMBER OF OBSERVED TRIPS

LOADS > SEATED CAPACITY

LOADS > 120% SEATED CAPACITY

2,781

9.2%

3.6%

AM Peak

515

17.3%

8.9%

PM Peak

690

12.5%

3.9%

WEEKDAYS All Day

FIGURE 6 | WEEKDAY MAXIMUM LOAD PER TRIP–ALL OBSERVED TRIPS 80

Weekday

70

Inbound Outbound

60

Riders per Trip

50 40 30 20 10

5:10 5:40 6:00 6:30 6:48 7:01 7:20 7:31 7:41 8:00 8:11 8:31 8:50 9:10 9:21 9:40 10:01 10:11 10:31 10:41 11:01 11:20 11:40 12:00 12:16 12:26 12:40 13:00 13:15 13:25 13:55 14:10 14:25 14:40 14:55 15:10 15:25 15:35 16:00 16:15 16:40 17:00 17:15 17:40 17:55 18:10 18:32 19:10 19:25 19:47 20:45 21:17 21:42 22:40 23:12

0

Saturday Ridership by Trip Route 11’s Saturday ridership gradually increases during the morning and reaches an all-day peak about noon (see Figure 7). The busiest trips of the day exceed 50 riders and occur between 11:30 AM and 1:00 PM. Ridership levels slowly decrease throughout the rest of the day. Before 4:00 PM, ridership is generally evenly balanced between inbound and outbound trips; after 4:00 PM, outbound trips carry significantly more riders than inbound trips. On average, Saturday trips operate with maximum loads that are less than seated capacity. However, as on weekdays, there is a significant amount of day-to-day variability. Of 505 Saturday trips that were observed for this effort, 43 (8.5%) had loads that exceeded seated capacity (36), and 18 (3.6%) exceeded 120% of seated capacity (43).

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FIGURE 7 | SATURDAY AVERAGE RIDERSHIP PER TRIP 60

Saturday 50

Inbound Outbound

Riders per Trip

40

30

20

10

5:10 5:48 6:10 6:29 6:48 7:07 7:26 7:45 8:04 8:23 8:42 9:01 9:20 9:39 9:58 10:17 10:36 10:55 11:14 11:33 11:52 12:11 12:30 12:49 13:08 13:27 13:46 14:05 14:24 14:53 15:12 15:31 15:50 16:09 16:28 16:47 17:06 17:25 17:44 18:03 18:22 18:41 19:00 19:19 19:38 20:00 20:30 21:00 21:30 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:30

0

Sunday Ridership by Trip Sunday ridership per trip is lower than on weekdays and Saturdays but high compared to other routes. Ridership per trip gradually increases during the AM, reaching a peak at about 1:00 PM and then slowly decreasing through the rest of the service day (see Figure 8). Trips between 1:00 PM and 2:00 PM have the highest ridership, carrying nearly 40 riders. Inbound ridership per trip is significantly higher than outbound ridership per trip through most of the day until about 4:00 PM, when ridership becomes very balanced between directions. Ridership is low after 9:00 PM and no trips carry more than 10 riders. FIGURE 8 | SUNDAY RIDERSHIP PER TRIP 60

Sunday 50

Inbound Outbound

Riders per Trip

40

30

20

10

6:46 7:08 7:30 7:52 8:14 8:36 8:58 9:20 9:42 10:04 10:26 10:48 11:10 11:32 11:54 12:16 12:38 13:00 13:22 13:44 14:06 14:28 14:50 15:12 15:34 15:56 16:18 16:40 17:02 17:24 17:46 18:08 18:30 18:52 19:14 19:36 19:58 20:20 20:42 21:04 21:31 22:01 22:28 22:55

0

On average, Saturday trips operate with maximum loads that are less than seated capacity. However, there is some day-to-day variability, and a small number of trips have loads that exceed seated capacity.

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Of 477 Saturday trips that were observed for this effort, 10 (2.9%) had loads that exceeded seated capacity (36), but only one exceeded 120% of seated capacity (43).

PERFORMANCE Route 11 is RIPTA’s best performing route in nearly every respect. The route has very high ridership, at almost 6,000 riders per weekday, which is more than twice the ridership of the third highest ridership route. Saturday and Sunday service carries 3,300 and 2,000 riders, respectively. The route’s high ridership results in very high productivity–the route has a 60% lower operating cost per passenger than the system average and carries nearly twice as many passengers per revenue hour. The route also carries nearly four times the average number of passengers per revenue mile. The number of bus stops per mile is higher than average, which is one reason why the route’s average speed is much slower than average (Route 11 also operates in a dense urban corridor). TABLE 5 | PERFORMANCE MEASURES

PERFORMANCE MEASURE

ROUTE 11

SYSTEM AVERAGE

$1.25

$3.12

Passengers per Revenue Vehicle Hour

66.0

33.2

Passengers per Revenue Vehicle Mile

9.7

2.5

Operating Cost per Passenger

Total Vehicle Hours per Revenue Vehicle Hour

1.03

1.1

Average Speed (mph)

6.8

13.4

Bus Stops per Mile

7.2

5.6

Performance data is from RIPTA.

OVERALL ASSESSMENT Route 11 is RIPTA’s highest ridership route and an excellent example of a well-designed route: §

Route 11’s alignment is straight-forward and simple and the route operates along the same alignment in both directions (aside from the one-way streets in downtown Providence)

§

It is very direct.

§

Service is easy to understand and does not make any deviations or have special variants

§

Service frequencies are very consistent throughout most of the day.

§

The route serves a unique market along most of its length and does not duplicate or compete with other routes (except through the largely unavoidable “funnel” between Elmwood Avenue and downtown).

§

The route serves an area with transit-oriented development with moderately dense development, a number of major activity and employment centers, and a transit-oriented market.

The only significant issue is that some weekday weekday trips are crowded/overcrowded, which indicates that additional weekday service is needed. (Some Saturday trips also have loads that exceed seated capacity, but to a much lesser extent, and at levels that should be generally tolerable.) A second, but minor issue, is in downtown Providence, where inbound and outbound service is split between Franklin and Empire Streets, which are four dis-contiguous blocks apart. This segment could be improved by operating service in both directions on Empire Street or another bi-directional Street.

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As described above, Route 11 is an excellent example of a well-designed bus route, and R-Line upgrades will greatly improve service. The development of R-Line service is being conducted outside of the COA. 0 0.25 0.5 However, until the implementation of R-Line service, one short-term improvement would be to: SPE CK AV

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FOR DS T BELL EVU E AV E AL LIN THEA S WO PEACE ST T WA OD AV LDO E BE PRINCETON AVE AN ST NE DIC TH TS ON ST DABOLL T YA V HU E NT OD ST ING STANWO ST TO RA NA LAU VE UNIO

LD AVE

RD

M CLY VENICE ST

EATON ST

ST MEADER ST NSTER WESTMI OAK ST

VE NA

T

ST

EY KINSL

SE MES

T

R WE PO

D AR DW

V

VIEW ST

EX I

EX I

RE HI AS LN NC A NI LA GI IR

JOY ST

ST RA DO WINDMILL ST

JANE ST

ST

O O W

AUG UST A ST AD MIR AL ST BRAD LEY ST

SMITHFIE

E

E MIN VE AN A URB AVE D OBE

S

AV E

AVE OOD ATW AVE ING SPR RAL

S RLE CHA

Y 146 STATE HW

IVAN ST ST THURBER ST

AS

D AV BAIR

NA VE

ST T TRIESTE GS RIN VIVIAN AVE SP SENECA AVE O AVE T LE S R ST ELL CHRISTOPHE UD

T

ST N E BO AV LIS ER RIV LD ST HARO

SERVICE OPTIONS

IS ST

LIN CO L

ST TIME GEM ST GALE CT

DO UG L

RON ST BERLIN ST HU

Roadway improvements where appropriate, including clearly designated bus stop lanes and intersection improvements to increase safety and minimize conflicts.

LEW

S HILL

ON ST SHAR

§

Improved passenger amenities, including real-time bus information, to create a safer, more comfortable experience for passengers while waiting for RIPTA’s R-Line.

RD LL GE T AN DI S VER

T IL C APR

§

Traffic signal improvements for improved travel times and schedule reliability.

VE IA A LYD ST NG YOU

AMBR OSE ST

IT EX

§

High-frequency, fast, limited stop service at key passenger destinations.

M ATLA INER ST NTIC AVE ALCARANCI DR

- DRAFT

S ST LUCA LLOYD ST SAM UEL WEEDEN ST AVE OW E NA FRA Y ST VE NCIS DERB Collyer Park ST AVE STAR TT ST FINC ABBO H AV E EXIT

ORLA NDO DR

IT EX

§

Line and bus stop branding (as R-Line).

IVY ST

E ND AV GRA VE RL A PEA

§

FIGURE 9| R-LINEProposed INITIAL SERVICE CONCEPT R-Line Stations

ORD ORF

In 2014, RIPTA will implement R-Line Rapid Bus service between Pawtucket and the Providence/Cranston line via Main Street, North Main Street, downtown Providence, and Broad Street. Current plans for this service are for it to include the following elements:

!

ST SMITHBroad

ARMINGTON ST WEN TWO RTH AVE

@ Montgomery

± Created 09/17/2012 G. Nordin

Increase Weekday Service Frequencies to Reduce Crowding: As described above, Route 11 does experience occasional crowding. The addition of one bus to Route 11 and its continuing service with Route 99 Pawtucket would allow service frequencies to be increased to every eight minutes, which would address most crowding.

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